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Christian Advocate
May 1824 (p. 232-236)
Religious Intelligence.
SANDWICH ISLANDS.
Within the month past a short letter, and part of a journal, has been received by the Editor from Betsey
Stockton, a coloured ; young woman, one of the missionaries to these islands, who is particularly attached
to the family of the Rev. Mr. Stewart—Extracts from the letter and journal are subjoined. It appears that
previous and more particular communications, which have not yet been received in this country, had been
made relative to the mission, after the arrival of the last reinforcement. The journal from which the
following extracts are given, was begun immediately after the writer left the house of the Editor, and has
been regularly continued ever since. It is only from the former part of this journal, after the
commencement of the voyage, that the subjoined selections have been made—To us they appear
interesting and instructive; especially when we consider that the writer is a young woman of African
descent, who was never sent to school a day in her life, but acquired all her knowledge by a careful
attention to the instruction which she received in a private family, and by her own efforts after she
obtained her freedom at the age of twenty ; her present age is about twenty- five. A missionary life at sea
has not been so often and so particularly described as that on land.
Lahaina, Maui (Mowee), June 15,1823.
Dear Sir—After a pleasant voyage of five months, we arrived in safety at these islands, on the 27th of
April last. We anchored off Honoruru on the island of Ohui (Wahaoo); but did not leave the ship till the
10th of May, owing to the state of Mrs. Stewart’s health, who had been confined two weeks before we
arrived. I am very much attached to both Mr. and Mrs. Stewart ; they treat me with the greatest kindness.
“ A missionary’s life is very laborious, but pleasant. Do, sir, pray for me. Were you on missionary
ground, you would know how to pray for us. I wish it were in my power to give you an account of some
of the trials to which we are called. But at present I cannot. Captain Gardiner, of the Dawn is waiting at
the door, and will sail in a few hours. You will please to excuse my sending so small a part of my journal.
It is all I have copied. I am ashamed of it; but I know you will view its faults with the eye of charity. I
have a few things for Mr. J—, but cannot send them at present. Remember me to all the dear family.
Eighteen thousand miles have not separated my heart from you. I dream of you all very often; and though
I cannot say that I wish to return, yet the thought of never seeing you again sometimes almost overcomes
me.
The natives are a very pleasant people. But indeed they are much dirtier than I expected to find them.
They eat baked dogs, raw fish • • • • The houses are so small that they have to creep in at the door. What
is considered a large house, is about the size of our old roothouse. The house we occupy, however, is
larger • • • •.
Two weeks after we arrived at the islands, we were sent to this place, which is considered the best part of
the whole. The productions are melons, bananas, sweet potatoes, &c. I have time to write no more. The
ship has not come to anchor, and will leave us in a few minutes. Ask Mr. J—
to tell my mother that I
�am well and happy.—Please to write to me as often as you can. If you knew with what anxiety I look for a
letter, you would pity me. Mr. Stewart wrote to you a few days since • • • •.
I am still, with a grateful heart.
Yours,
Betsey Stockton.
JOURNAL.
Shift Thames, at Sea. Nov. 20, 1822.—Here begins the history of things known only to those who have
bid the American shores a long adieu. We were employed in arranging our births, clothes, &c. all day;
and as the weather was calm, we were enabled to go on without much difficulty.
21.
The weather became stormy, and the sea-sickness commenced.
22.
It blew very hard in the day, and in the night increased to a gale; sea-sickness increased with it. I
was myself very sick.
23.
Saturday morning at daybreak shipped a sea. The water rushed into the cabin. I saw it with very
little fear; and felt inclined to say, The Lord reigneth, let us all rejoice. I was so weak that I was almost
unable to help myself. At 10 o’clock I went on deck: the scene that presented itself was, to me, the most
sublime I ever witnessed. How, thought I, can “those who go down to the sea in ships” deny the existence
of God. The day was spent in self-examination. This, if ever, is the time to try my motives in leaving my
native land. I found myself at times unwilling to perish so near my friends; but soon became composed,
and resigned to whatever should be the will of my Heavenly Father. I believed that my motives were
pure: and a calm and heavenly peace soon took possession of my breast. Oh that it were always with me
as it is this day !
24.
Sabbath. The weather still squally, and our family still in bad health. We had no publick service
to-day. My soul longed for the courts of the Lord; but my heart was still rejoicing in the strength of my
God.
25.
The ocean has become much smoother than it has been for some time. Our family are recovering
very fast; nothing particular has occurred to-day.
26. The weather is delightful, and we feel much better. The ladies wanted a pudding for dinner. Two or
three volunteered their services and a pudding was made. I, for my part, felt no inclination either to make
or eat it. I stayed with Mrs. S. In the midst of their business the man on the mast called out, A sail ho ! We
were all elate for a few minutes. If we had seen a friend who had been absent for a long time we could not
have hailed him with more delight. We bore for the ship, and soon discovered her to be the Penn of
Philadelphia. Preparations were made for speaking her. The sea was too rough to permit us to send
letters. She came near enough to hail us, but we could only say All’s well after being at sea a week.
December 1. Sabbath. My soul longed again for the house of the Lord; I endeavoured to find him present
with me; and soon indeed found that he was near to all that call on him. I enjoyed the day although we
were prevented from having worship until afternoon—owing to the roughness of the weather and the
unsettled state of the ship.
�2.
Employed in making arrangements in the cabin; the day fair and the ship running at the rate of six
miles an hour. The weather is much warmer than I have felt it since I left home. In the evening we had the
monthly concert of prayer.
3.
We are almost settled and things are in good order. The bell rings at daylight, and we have
prayers at sunrise. Mrs. Stewart is getting much better.
4.
Nothing particular has occurred to-day ; we are still on our course direct for Cape de Verd.
5.
The weather is good, and all of us are in good health and spirits. The captain and officers attend
our meeting, and the sailors appear to treat the missionaries with respect.
23.
The weather delightful; and the crew all engaged in making oil of two black fish killed yesterday.
This is fine amusement for the missionaries. We have had corn parched in the oil ; and doughnuts fried in
it. Some of the company liked it very much. I could not prevail on myself to eat it. I tasted the flesh and
liver of the fish, which were very good. The flesh is very much like beef, and the liver like a hog’s.
24.
At 11 o’clock we had a heavy gale. It did no damage to the rigging. I was amused very much
during the gale by one of the landsmen, as they call them; who was ordered to slack the weather bowling,
but not understanding the phrase he let it go. Such accidents in a squall cause no small noise, and make
our captain lift up his voice like a trumpet. Some of our family like a gale very much. I have not got quite
to that yet: however, I can view it with very little emotion in the daytime. In the night I sometimes feel
unpleasantly. My bed hangs so near the cabin windows, that I have a full view of the water: and during a
gale the waves appear as if they were coming directly into the cabin.
25.
Christmas. How unlike the last! But the day was pleasant, and I enjoyed myself very much; yet
could not forbear thinking of my native land. We expected to have made St Jago; but the wind not
favouring us, we were obliged to put about for Cape Horn, without landing. This was something of a trial,
as it disappointed all our expectations of communication with our friends.—Saw a large flock of flying
fish. They rise from the water a little distance, when pursued by larger fish, and sometimes fly on board.
They have a delicious flavour, and are equal to any fresh water fish I ever tasted.
30.
Sabbath. Had prayer meeting in the morning, and preaching in the afternoon at 4 o’clock. Mr.
Stewart preached from 1 Cor. i. 23. I enjoyed the Sabbath very much, and thought I felt something of the
love of God in my heart. But still I felt as if I was declining in the spiritual life. I attend a little to the
study of the Bible, and find it pleasant. Yet I find a void within my breast that is painful. "The scenes
which constantly present themselves to my view are new and interesting ; and I find they have a tendency
to draw my mind from Him who is, or ought to be, my only joy. With the poor publican I will say, “God
be merciful to me a sinner.” At six in the evening, we caught two sharks, and saw a number of dolphins.
The flesh of the shark is very good when young.
31.
I was much interested in witnessing the harpooning of a large shark. It was taken at the stern of
the ship, about 6 yards from the cabin window, from which I had a clear view of it. It was struck by two
harpoons at the same time. The fish (if we may call it one, for it has very little the appearance of a fish)
was so angry that he endeavoured to bite the men after he was on deck. His jaw bone was taken out and
preserved by one of the missionaries. We see a great number of them, and take them frequently. I have
not been able to preserve any curiosities for Mr. J—. If I were to return I could amuse him a long time,
�with telling the simple facts that I have witnessed, and the things I have seen: and at the close of the
month and year I will mention a few. The colour of the water near land, is of a greenish hue; a little
farther out it is of a bluish tint; and in the middle of the ocean it is of a dark blue, and very clear. I never
saw a more beautiful green than the colour of the water off Cape Blanco, where we were nearly driven by
an unfavourable wind. From this we steered S. W. by S. between the African coast, and the Cape De Verd
islands; and then directed our course S. S. W. to the coast of Brazil. If it were in my power I would like to
describe the Phosphorescence of the sea. But to do this would require the pen of a Milton ; and he, I think,
would fail, were he to attempt it. I never saw any display of Fire-works that equalled it for beauty. As far
as we could see the ocean, in the wake of the ship, it appeared one sheet of fire, and exhibited figures of
which you can form no idea. We have bathed during this month frequently, and find the water very
refreshing. Yesterday, at 8 in the morning, the thermometer stood at 80°. The missionaries all went in to
bathe, with their pantaloons: Mr. B. wore his shirt also, and dived three times from the ship; the last time
he staid too long in the water, so that the strength of his arms was exhausted, and be was not able to get
into the ship alone. Mr. Lane, the second mate, dived from the bowsprit, with a rope, and tied it round
him. At the same time another was thrown from the side of the vessel. We felt alarmed for a few
moments, but there was no real danger. Had he even fainted, the number of swimmers was so great that
they could have kept him up until a boat was lowered. I must finish this year by saying with the Psalmist,
“When I consider the works of thy hands, Lord what is man that thou art mindful of him!”
Jan. 4, 1823. Crossed the line. In the evening, old Neptune visited us, a little before we came to his
garden, as he called it. His appearance was the most ludicrous thing I ever saw in my life. He announced
his coming by blowing a large trumpet. The sailors were most of them new hands; and the poor fellows
were all put down in the forecastle, and afterwards brought up, one at a time, before his majesty, with
their eyes covered, to answer to a number of questions respecting their lives, business, &c. and why they
had come to sea. He told the mission family, that as there were so many ladies on board, he had thought it
expedient to bring his wife with him; and that she was as clever an old lady as ever was in the world. He
introduced her to the family; but said he thought it not best for her to shake hands with them, as she had
been handling so many of her dirty boys. Nor did he think it proper to have any one farther aft, among the
ladies. But he would like something else Accordingly they sent him some Spirits and Cakes, and he and
his lady withdrew, telling us that we might cross his garden at all times. The manner in which they shave
is very disgusting.
5.
Sabbath. Pleasant and clear in the morning; a little squally in the afternoon. Had our usual
worship. The day was solemn; Mr. Bishop preached for us: but “in vain I sought Him whom my soul
loveth.” I felt very much inclined to despair, and feared that I had indulged the hope of the hypocrite.
Shall I after all become a castaway! Forbid it, O Lord! nor suffer me to injure the cause I have espoused.
6.
Nothing new to-day. All going on in good order. I find my mind still dark; and do not feel quite
happy. Yet for the sake of those around me I endeavour to appear cheerful. I am becoming more and more
attached to Mr. and Mrs. S—, and trust that God will make me a comfort to them.
8. Going very rapidly, at the rate of nine and a half miles an hour. The weather very pleasant. We have
not suffered so much with the heat since we came near the line, as we did some time ago. The air is more
like that on land than we have felt it for three weeks past. Saw a large tortoise, but could not take it,
without delaying the ship too long. We regretted the loss very much. Fresh meat would be very acceptable
�to us; we have had none since Christmas. Pork and beef are our standing dishes. Our table makes a
curious appearance. It is spread over with frames ; every plate, dish, and cup, is fastened ; and even thus
we cannot get a meal, at times, without holding with one hand, while helping ourselves to eat with the
other. We have very little conversation at the table; all of us get through as soon as we can. There are
eleven persons at each table: at the first, the captain and one of the mates, with nine of the missionaries.
At the second, two mates, three of the missionaries, the four natives and myself. The provisions of both
tables are alike. In the division of the missionary stores I always have my share, so that I have indeed a
double portion of the good things of this life; for Mr. and Mrs. S. give me always a share with them. The
last apple and orange were cut in three pieces, and divided between us. The impression that such little
things make on my mind will not easily be erased. O that I were worthy of such favours, but I fear I am
not.
(To be continued.)
As we were about to send the foregoing extracts to the press, we received two letters from the Rev. Mr.
Stewart. They were written, it appears, at the distance of five months from each other, and sent in
different directions, so as to divide between them a circumnavigation of the globe; and yet they both came
to us by the same post. The one under date of October 22d, 1823, contains the latest intelligence of the
Sandwich Islands mission that has yet been published. We give large extracts from both. We have lately
seen an article in the publick papers, which states that the king and queen of the Sandwich islands had
arrived at Rio Janeiro, on their way first to England, and then to the United States. The correctness of this
statement we have since seen confirmed by a private letter. We should hope that if their majesties should
live to return, they will be more desirous, and better qualified than ever, to favour and promote the
civilizing and christianizing of their people.
Mission House at Honoruru,
Port of Oahu, Sandwich Islands, May 24th, 1823.
Respected and beloved Sir—I have time merely, before the sailing of the Arab, which carries letters for
America to Canton, to inform you of our safe arrival at this place, on the morning of the 27th of April,
after a most prosperous and pleasant voyage. Betsey and myself have both kept regular journals, copies of
which we design, according to our engagement, to transmit to you; and shall send them by the next ship
that sails from this port for America, which will be in about six weeks: we could not possibly prepare
them in time for the Arab.
We are all in excellent health, Betsey says she never felt better, looks remarkably well, and is very happy
in her situation. Sometimes during the voyage she felt a little lonesome, being without any bosom friend,
which all the rest of the family had. But since the 11th April, she has felt nothing of the kind. Mrs.
Stewart then committed to her care an infant son, who seems to have filled the vacuum in B.’s heart, and
beguiles her already of the moments which before left an opening for thoughts of sadness. I am happy to
say that Mrs. S. enjoys the most perfect health: and is greatly pleased with her situation in these distant
isles, and in the prospect of usefulness to this people.
It is not determined where we shall be permanently established, but probably at Lahaina on the island of
Maui: (Mowee.) If not there, either at Kouruah or Ohido, on the island of Hawaii, (incorrectly Owyhee.)
�The Mission is in prosperous circumstances, and the hopes of its supporters here were never brighter.
Truly the fields are already ripe for the harvest, and we may add, “The harvest is great, but the labourers
are few.” We have been received with open arms by the government and people, and twice the number of
missionaries would have been joyfully hailed. But I must leave all for a future communication.
Join us in our praises, and still remember us in your prayers, and believe me
truly yours,
Chas. Saml. Stewart.
Mission House at Honoruru,
Port of Oahu, Sandwich Islands,
October 22d, 1823.
My venerable and beloved Friend,—I take my pen hastily to inform you, that by the present opportunity
of sending to America, by the ship Staunton, of New Bedford, I transmit my private journal of our voyage
and arrival at these islands. A journal of the last six months, may be expected to follow it, in the course of
a month or six weeks. I would send it now, but it is at my station at Lahaina on the island of Maui.
I sent a letter to you by the brig Arab, captain Meek, via Canton, in May last; but think it probable, that
this will reach America first. Betsey also wrote at that time, and has since, by the Dawn, captain Gardiner,
of New York, and by the Hero, captain Starbuck, of Nantucket There is no want of opportunities of
sending. There are thirty ships and two brigs now at this port: four or five of which are bound directly
home. My haste, at present, does not arise from the immediate departure of the Staunton, but from the
expectation of embarking myself for Maui. I have been absent almost a month, and have become
extremely anxious to return. No opportunity has offered for some days, but the king this morning
hastened off in a small yacht, and left orders for the barge (the celebrated Cleopatra) and Waverley, to
follow to Lahaina: they are now preparing to get under weigh, and I must secure a passage.
The prosperity of the mission is uninterrupted, and its prospects most encouraging. The journal from this
station and Lahaina, by the next ship, will give many interesting particulars: and one or two separate
documents are preparing for the press, which I think will be received with much satisfaction by the public
in general. Our hearts do not faint, though we are buried in corruption. We have, almost daily reason to
believe that the time is not very far distant, when this ignorant and degraded nation will “rise and shine.”
We feel that we are in a heathen land —a land of moral and spiritual death;— we feel that many sorrows,
and many afflictions must be ours, however great our encouragement—however happy our success : and
that we shall often be compelled to sigh, from the midst of these parched regions, for the shadow of some
rock in which to repose from the toils and the heat of the open field. This rock, I trust, we have, and may
ever find, the Rock of Ages—Abraham’s God and Israel’s friend; and the God and friend of all his
covenant people.
Mrs. Stewart and son, and Betsey, were well when I last heard from them. B.'s health is generally good.
She is kind and faithful, and will be greatly useful. We are very comfortably located at one of the most
beautiful and important spots on the islands. Mr. Richards and myself have an island with 20,000
inhabitants committed to our spiritual care—a solemn—a most responsible charge ! But I must close my
�present communication—Affectionate remembrance to all the members of your own family, and to all
friends. May every blessing and perfect peace rest on your head, my venerable and beloved friend; and
may we meet in heaven, to part no more for ever.
Chas. Saml. Stewart.
P. S. I have broken open my letter to inform you of the first Christian marriage among the chiefs of this
nation. The king’s mother died about a month since; and was buried in the Christian mode instead of their
former heathen abominations; and her husband, on Sunday last, was married, according to the Christian
institution of marriage, to one wife, and to have her only. As both persons are the particular patrons of the
station at Lahaina, it would please me to have the death and marriage both published in the Christian
Advocate ; and if you please, in some of the papers of the city.
Death.— “Died at Lahaina, on Maui, one of the Sandwich islands, Sept. 16th, 1823, Ke-o-pu-o-la-ni
mother of the present king Rihoriho, aged 45 years. She was the particular patroness of the Missionary
station at Lahaina, under the direction of the Rev. Messrs. Richards and Stewart; was a hopeful convert to
the Christian faith, and received the ordinance of baptism before her death.”
Marriage.—“Married, in the Missionary Chapel, at Lahaina, Maui one of the Sandwich islands, by the
Rev. Mr. Richards, October 19th, 1823, Hoa-pori, a chief of high rank, to Ka-la-ku-a, (Ka-ni-o) one of the
queeiis of the late king Ta-me-a-me-a, and mother of the present favourite queen Ka-me-ma-ru.— Ka-nio,
until late, was the most common name of Kalakua. The chiefs have as many names as a Spanish grandee
has titles.
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Christian Advocate
December 1824 (p. 563-566)
Religious Intelligence.
SANDWICH ISLANDS.
In May last we began to publish extracts from the journal of Betsey Stockton, which was kept during
the voyage of the mission family, of which she formed a part, to the Sandwich Islands; and we promised
a continuance of these extracts. The publication of the interesting journal of the Rev. Mr. Stewart
imediately afterward, and the occupation of this part of our miscellany by the minutes of the General
Assembly since, have occasioned delay in the fulfilment of our promise till the present time. Nor shall we
now publish as largely from this journal, as we should have done, if we had not given such copious
extracts from that of Mr. Stewart. But a journal of a sea voyage, if well written, is never uninteresting, or
out of date: and a missionary voyage must, we think, be perused by friends of missions with uncommon
interest. In our present number we shall give the narrative of the approach to and passage round Cape
Horn; and in our next the continuance of the voyage across the Pacifick ocean, till the arrival of the family
at the place of their destination, and the settlement of the writer in the island of Lahaina.
(Continued from p. 235.)
Feb. 5th, 1823.—All well and anxious to get round Cape Horn; a little blow in the afternoon. We are not
without our fears; but the Lord reigneth, and we will rejoice. Lat. 49° 40'—lon. 62° 08'.
Feb. 6th.—The weather is beginning to be rather cold. I find my woollen clothes to be very comfortable :
my health is very good again—a little home sick, but do not wish to return. O! thought I, if I could but
spend one Sabbath evening in your study, how my heart would rejoice. But I must look forward to that
Sabbath which will never end—there to see, face to face, what we now see dimly through a glass; and to
meet you, with my other friends, whom I have left behind. It is a source of consolation to me to be able to
think that you, with many others in my native land, pray for me. Were it not for that, I should almost
despair. I find my heart more deeply corrupted than I had any idea of. I always knew that the human heart
was a sink of sin, and that mine was filled with it; but I did not know, until now, that the sink was without
a bottom. I attribute much of my spiritual difficulty to the want of retirement and prayer. It is with the
greatest anxiety that I mark the hours us they pass away, which once were devoted to God in secret,
without having at present a place for retirement, or indeed at times a heart to retire. Ah ! how soon may
the people of God grieve away his Holy Spirit. But why should I thus complain and despond. He is still
my Father and my God—and I still love him—Yes, my balm is still in Gilead, and my physician there.—
Lat, 56° 41'—lon. 63°.
Feb, 7.—Still sailing with all speed towards Cape Horn. Just as the sun was setting, we were called to
witness one of the most sublime scenes that ever the eyes of mortals beheld—no language could paint
it—it was the setting of the sun. The scene kept changing from beautiful to more beautiful, until I could
think of nothing but the bright worlds above, to which the saints are hastening. As soon as it was over,
and the sun had disappeared, we were assembled on the quarter deck for prayers. Here my soul found free
�access to the throne of grace, and rose with delight in the contemplation of that God who is the author of
all our joys, and of all good.
Feb. 8.—I was roused this morning by Mr. Lane, who came into the cabin to inform the captain that there
was land two points off the weather bow. The captain told him to brace and stand for it. I soon dressed
myself, and went on deck to see it. Its first appearance was that of a dark cloud; but it became much
darker as we approached it; until we came near enough to discover cragged rocks, with a whitish earth
running between them. It was about 12 o’clock when we first saw the white streaks, and at 1 we could see
the greenish appearance of the mountains. Half an hour afterwards we saw a smoke rising from them, and
at 2 a light blaze. It was however, soon extinguished. What this fire was, no one on board could tellperhaps a company of sealers had stopped there, and seeing our ship, lighted it up to alarm us. Or it might
be the signal of distress for some poor cast-away sailor—or possibly a volcanic eruption. Our captain had
often passed Staten land before, but had seen nothing of the kind. But our situation was too critical to
admit of a moment’s delay to make observations; for we were now near enough to see the breakers
dashing against this forbidden shore; and either a calm or squall might prove fatal to us. I thought
of the language of the poet, as I looked at these craggy cliffs—
“Alas! these rocks all human skill defy. Who strikes them once, beyond relief, must die.”
We continued sailing near them until 4 o’clock, when a calm ensued. Our captain said nothing to us, but
evidently appeared troubled. I then knew no danger, and talked to him as usual—asked him to send a boat
ashore; and jestingly told him, that I would accompany him. I thought he appeared very solemn, and
could give no reason for it. The truth was, that a strong current was drawing us towards these fatal rocks;
and if wind enough should not rise to render the ship manageable, we must inevitably be wrecked upon
them, during the ensuing night. Here you will indulge me with a passing reflection. I have always
remarked, that in the most dangerous situations, I have felt the easiest; and it was because I did not know
my danger. And can there be anything more like a sleeping Christian, or an unawakened sinner? both in
imminent danger, and both stupid. O that God may save me from the spiritual, as he has in mercy from
the natural evil. A fresh breeze sprung up towards evening, and we were soon borne beyond the reach
of the current; and in a few hours Staten land receded entirely from our view. But fresh dangers and
anxieties awaited us.
Feb. 9th.—Here begins our tossing and rolling.—To-day we have had rain and hail in squalls. We cannot
write or read with comfort; and if we attempt to eat, sitting on chairs that are not lashed, the chance is ten
to one that we are thrown across the cabin, before the meal is over. I have had several pretty hard blows
on my head, since we left the river Plate. Our latitude, as far as we can judge from reckoning and
observation, is 55° 26'— lon. 35°. Twenty-one days ensue after this, in which there was snow, hail, rain,
and one continued gale. Sometimes we could scud before the wind; but the most of the time it was too
strong to admit of that; we generally lay too under a close reefed top-sail, and mizen-stay-sail. Oh! how
cheerless every thing looked around us, in comparison with what it did some time ago. The sailors were
all wet, day and night; the forecastle was half of the time under water; and the water that was shipped at
the bow, ran as far as the companion-way. All over the ship there was nothing but dirt and wet, so
slippery that we could not stand. One night, at twelve o'clock, I went on deck, when the ship was laying
too, under nothing but a close reefed top-sail. The wind was so strong, that I could not stand without
holding by my hands to something fixed : it seemed as if the ship was going on her beam ends every
�moment. The sailors were always pleased to see me on deck in a storm, and tried more than once to
frighten me; but when they found that they did not succeed, they ended with saying, “ well Betsey, you’ll
know how to pity poor sailors—we have not been dry since we left Staten land.” My heart has often bled
for these poor fellows. I slept whenever I could, night or day. Studying was out of the question; I found it
impossible to put two ideas together, half the time. During this period, we caught several birds; one or
two of which I tried to save for Mr. — , but the rain continued so long that they were spoiled. The
sailors call them Mother Carey’s chickens, And Mock Mollys. The most beautiful that I have seen is the
Mock Molly. Of this species we took a number. They are a little larger than a goose. In viewing Cape
Horn, I can truly say the half was not told me. It is indeed one of the most dreadful places ever seen; and
if I double it again, I shall endeavour to do it by the way of the Cape of Good Hope; this, I know, is a
blunder, but it conveys my meaning. In a gale we lost the waste-board of the ship; this left the deck three
feet nearer to the water, and consequently we shipped more water than usual. I had always had the good
fortune to be below when the deck got washed very badly; and as we were soon to be in the milder waters
of the Pacifick, I wished very much to see our vessel ship one heavy sea, as the sailors call it. My wishes
were answered in the following manner—One afternoon, when I had been suffering for some time with
wet feet, I went to the caboose to warm them; just as I was coming out, I got both my eyes filled with
ashes and embers, which put me in a very unfavourable situation for seeing what I had wished to see : but
at that moment I heard a sea strike the leeward side of the ship, fore and aft; in an instant I sprang to the
shrouds, and heard the water run in a torrent under me. My poor eyes were condemned to darkness: a
liquid made of salt water mid ashes did not improve them just then. However I felt no inconvenience from
it afterwards, except that it afforded fine sport, for some time, to the captain, who often observed that
Betsey had shipped a sea in her face. This occurrence however did not intimidate me : I went on deck
very often to view the grandeur of the sea; and it is truly one of the most sublime objects in creation. I
have spent hours since I left my native land in view ing this object. At times I have seen the waves rise
mountains high before us; and it would appear as if we must inevitably be swallowed up; but in a moment
our ship would rise upon the wave, and it would be seen receding at the stern. I stayed on deck one
evening until 12 o’clock, looking at the waves breaking over the ship : it was one of the most beautiful
sights I ever beheld. The water would foam up like mountains of snow around us, and break over the
deck; while below it sounded like thunder, or like rivers running over us. I could compare our sailing
when going before the wind to nothing but flying. We were scudding with the wind directly aft, under a
close reefed top and main-sail; of course the ship rolled and pitched at the same time. Captain Clasby had
told us, more than once, that if the wind was fair, we must take care of ourselves, for he did not intend to
spare us. He was now literally fulfilling his words; for he neither spared us nor the ship. I felt more afraid
that her sides would meet the same fate that the waste-board did, than of any thing else. She laboured very
hard, and we shipped so much water, that the pumps were kept at work every four hours. I have thought at
times, in the night, that we were on a rock; but on inquiry, the answer would be, nothing but Cape Horn.
However, we are almost done with it, and I am not sorry : nor am I sorry that I have been called to double
it; for I have enjoyed more of the light of my heavenly Father’s countenance, during the time we were off
the Cape, than I ever did in the Atlantic. The only reason I can assign is, that here we have been called
hourly to acknowledge his mercy in sparing our lives; and that while we here view his power upon this
stormy ocean, we have felt our helplessness, and been made to adore and tremble. I am not writing to one
who is unacquainted with the human heart; you know its dark deceitful nature, and that it is not always
kept warm by tender treatment. For me at least it is necessary, in order to keep me in my place, to have
�some doubts, some temptations, and some sickness to struggle with; and even then my garments are far
from being kept white. But hitherto has the Lord helped me, and I can raise upon this much dreaded
landmark, a strong and lasting Ebenezer. Long, I hope, shall I remember the mercy of my God here. Here
too the Spirit of the Lord has, I trust, been striving with some of the sailors, though many are yet, I fear, in
the gall of bitterness; some, however, are rejoicing in the Lord. How would your heart rejoice with us,
could you see these hardy sons of the ocean, who would scorn to complain of any earthly hardships,
bowing with the spirit of children, at the cross of Christ. This fact we witness; and if I could do it as I
wish, it would please me to give you an account of some of their conversations— their plain, abrupt, and
sailor-like manner of expressing their thoughts and feelings; but I must leave this for an abler pen.
(To be concluded in our next.)
�
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Christian Advocate
January 1825 (p. 36-41)
Religious Intelligence.
SANDWICH ISLANDS.
BETSY STOCKTON’S JOURNAL.
( Concluded from p. 566 of Vol. II.)
On the 16th of February, we saw Cape Noir, and were obliged to tack, to prevent being driven on it. The
wind was against us; and the 3d of March we were again near the same place, only a little to west. On the
Sabbath, Mr. Richards preached in the cabin, from these words: “Though you make many prayers I will
not hear”—warning those that refused to hear the calls of God, of that day when God would refuse to hear
them. Oh! how appalling is the thought, that the day is coming, in which we must rise as witnesses
against them, or they against us—if we have been unfaithful to them. We still retire for fifteen minutes,
every evening. directly after publick prayers, to pray for them—I say retire, that is, we go to different
parts of the ship; some of us into the rigging, some out in the boats, and others on the spars; yet in all
these places we can find our God.
We are now to bid farewell to high wind and dark blue water. I hope soon to be in that part of the Pacific,
which deserves the name; for in this part Terrific would suit it best. Indeed it is so terrible, that neither
sun, moon, nor stars, condescend to visit it often. Its constant companions are rain, hail and snow.
March 4th.-—We have completely doubled Cape Horn; the sea is much smoother—I saw nothing
remarkable during the day. My own health and that of the family is pretty good; it is a source of comfort
to me that Mrs. and Mr. S. enjoy their health so well: I have learned to love them, and they richly deserve
it. My heart must be dead to every virtue, when it ceases to beat with gratitude to them. When I took the
last look of those dear young gentlemen, with whom I had spent my days of childhood and folly, and my
more sober years of reflection, my soul sickened within me as I said—“Can I hope ever to find friends
like these ? Can I ever find those who will take so deep an interest in my welfare, and with whom I shall
spend such happy hours ?” Yes, I have found such friends. When you think of me as a stranger in a
strange land, think of me still as one who has kind friends, to guide and protect her. ’Tis true the
endearments of home cannot be forgotten. My mind often returns to your family altar. There I have often
left my burden, and I cannot forget that consecrated spot. Nor can I forget the dear little boys, I have so
often held in my arms—I comfort myself by thinking that I shall hear from you all while in life, and with
the hope that I shall meet you after the hour of death.
5th.—The weather much pleasanter than it has been. We are getting into the Pacific. Lat. 46° 11', lon. 82°
30' W.
7th.—The weather not very pleasant, but much better than Cape Horn.
9th.—Sabbath. In the morning we had prayers in the cabin, and in the afternoon Mr. Stewart preached
from Genesis vi. 3. “My spirit shall not always strive with man.” I have seen nothing since I came on
board that has appeared to produce so much effect. The Spirit of the Lord seemed striving with at least
�some of the sailors. They have been constrained since to say, what shall we do ? and I hope some have
fled to the only sure resting place for poor perishing souls. Lat. 46° 22', lon. 80° 35'.
10th,—Pleasant weather—all going on well. We are steering up the coast of Chili. It is remarkable that
off this coast it never rains; nor is it clear weather; it is always a little cloudy. The air is very refreshing at
all times, but particularly so in the morning and evening. Our deck presents a very odd appearance this
morning. The fore-hole, the middle-hole, and the run are all open. The things that have been wet are
airing in every direction; our medicine chests are unpacking, and the sailors are sending up the fore and
mizen, royal and top-gallant yards. Picture to yourself our situation, when in the midst of all this, we
heard the well known cry—“There the blows;” this was repeated every minute or two for some time. The
lines and water were hurried into the boats, and every thing was soon in readiness. The sailors waited
impatiently for the command to lower. Those in sight were sperm whales, at four miles distance. The
wished for orders were at length given, and in five minutes the boats were seen gliding over the waves.
How changed the scene; thought I—Four months ago, these boats would not have been lowered without
having our ears assailed with oaths—Now not a profane word is heard. They pursued the whales some
distance, but could not come up with them. The captain seeing this, hoisted the signal for return; the poor
fellows were obliged to obey, and thus ended the chase—and my day must end with it. The lat. 39° 16',
lon. 80° 40'.
13th.—Steering N. by W. Nothing occurred until 1 P.M. when we came up with and spoke the English
brig Tiber, from Valparaiso, bound to Valdivia. This was by far the handsomest foreign vessel we had
seen, since we left America. The captain was very much of a gentleman. The conversation, as near as I
can recollect it, was as follows:—Englishman— What ship is that ? American—The Thames, of New
Haven. E.—How long have you been out ? A.—One hundred and ten days. E.—Are you bound to
Valparaiso? A.—No sir; I am bound to the Sandwich Islands. How long have you been out, and where
are you bound ? E.—I have been out eight days; I’m bound to Valdivia. Valparaiso is in a state of
revolution. The Royalists have been defeated. The Franklin 74 is there. What success have you had in
fishing ? A.—I have caught nothing. E.—I am sorry for that. I wish you success. Sir, what is your
longitude? A.—81° 40'. What is yours, sir? E.—80° 10'. A.—I thank you, sir. I wish you a prosperous
voyage. All this passed in three or four minutes.
20th.—There is a sameness in every thing that passes, which makes it almost impossible to write; unless I
should give you a very minute account of every little incident that has occurred. This I will not attempt,
for fear I should aim at something out of my reach. Mr. Stewart will give you a full account of every thing
that you would wish to know. We are sailing slowly along the coast of Peru. The lat. is 20° 38', lon. 91°
52'.
24th.—The morning was pleasant, but I could not enjoy it—I was wretched—I could not enjoy my
friends, because I could not enjoy my God. The captain wishes to make a respectable appearance when he
enters the port, and so he is painting the ship all over. Our lat. 15° 29', lon. 96° 47' W.
25th.-Still dark in mind myself, but the family all in motion.-Some packing clothes, some writing
journals.—I just began to transcribe mine for you. You would scarcely believe that so many different
occupations could be carried on, on board a ship.—The painters, the carpenters, and the blacksmiths are
all at work. This morning Stephen and Cooperree caught a Skip Jack, as they call it; I believe the proper
name is Bonetta. Its flesh has a very pleasant taste, and the fish, altogether, resembles a mackerel very
�much, only it is round; and when taken out of the water has some of the hues of the Dolphin.
26th.—Nothing worth noticing occurred during the day. Painting, and tarring, and writing, were carried
on, as they had been for some time past. Towards evening, the dark cloud was removed from my mind,
and I felt as peaceful as the ocean with which I was surrounded. There not a wave was seen rising
abruptly, from any part of our ship; all rolled smoothly and gently along. The succeeding night was
beautiful beyond description; and all was peace within. I thought of St. John’s “sea of glass mingled with
fire,” when I beheld the ocean. Our tarring and painting had been completed; our studding-sails were
spread; the full moon shone brightly on us, without one intervening cloud, while our vessel was wafted
gently on the surface of the deep. It will be long before the impression of this evening will be erased from
my mind.
29th.—I still enjoy peace and comfort. The day has been much warmer than usual. I think I have not
suffered more with the heat since I left America. The appearance of the crew has not been so favourable
to-day as it was last Saturday. The strong man armed is keeping his palace, but blessed be God there is a
stronger than he. Oh! that it would please him to come down and show his power amongst us.
30th.—Sabbath. The first thing I heard in the morning, was that whales were seen spouting, off the stern.
The captain ordered the course altered, and for two hours all was confusion and noise. Alas! how unlike
those Sabbath mornings I have spent beneath your roof, where all was quietness and peace. No spouting
whales, no playing dolphins, no rattling ropes, nor hoarse commanding voices, were there heard.
—Nothing there prevented our meditations, till the well known bell told us it was time to offer the
morning sacrifice. But I am indulging myself too much in such recollections. I would not, I could not, I
dare not, look with longing eyes towards my native land. No sir, my hand lies on the plough, and if my
poor wretched heart does not deceive me, I would not take it off for all the wealth of America. It is not the
“leeks and the onions” of your land that I long after, but for one such sermon as I have heard from Dr. A.
It is spiritual food I want. Excuse me, sir, when you remember that I have been spoiled at home. After two
hours detention, we changed our course, and again pursued our way. At 10 we had our prayer meeting in
the cabin; and in the afternoon Mr. Goodrich preached from Gen. xix. 17.—“ Escape for your lives.”
There was not many of the sailors present. Satan is very much out of humour; he is either losing, or
securing, some of his people on board.
31st.—The morning pleasant—the weather quite warm. Such sudden transitions from heat to cold, and
cold to heat, have a very unfavourable effect on my health. They make me weak and dejected.
April 1st, 1823.—All fools day; but we I hope have laid aside our folly. The weather so warm that the tar
is dropping from the rigging, and the water from my face; the ship almost in a calm, and we under a
vertical sun—I am ready to think I have seen some new things under the sun, if nobody else has. Lat. 3°
25', lon. 108° 30'.
2d.—The weather very warm, and scarcely any air stirring. About 11 o'clock we had a shower, which is
the first we have had since we left Cape Horn. In the afternoon our captain indulged us with a view of the
ship. He had promised me a ride, (if you please to call it such) in one of his little boats, the first calm day;
so I reminded him of it today, and he ordered a boat lowered, and he, with four or five of the mission
family and myself, went out in it. The women get into the boat before it is let down into the water. This
requires some fortitude —for the moment the boat touches the water, it is thrown up two or three yards by
�the swell, and it requires great dexterity to manage it so as to avoid the danger of being stove against the
ship, while the men are getting in at the chains. I enjoyed the excursion very much. We went round the
ship twice; which having been painted lately makes a very beautiful appearance. Her bow, catheads, and
stern, have images on them, and all looked clean and cheerful. On the flying jib-boom sat Stephen, the
Tahitean youth; and on the bowsprit Cooperee, who is a diverting fellow, and in his quizzing way, hailed
the captain as he passed. The quarter deck was filled with our family, whose eyes followed us as we
passed bounding over the waves. When we returned to the ship I felt quite elated: it was the first time I
had been abroad since we left New Haven, which is 132 days—a great while for me to stay at home, at
one time.
4th.—Nothing but pleasant weather followed, until we came in sight of Owhy-hee (Hawaii). We then had
frequent squalls of rain, and hard blows; but not so as to make it uncomfortable. On the 11th Mrs. Stewart
presented us with a fine boy, which I consider as my charge. The little fellow beguiles many of my lonely
hours; and you must excuse me if my journal is now weekly instead of daily. From the first moment that I
saw the little innocent, I felt emotions that I was unacquainted with before. This, no doubt, arose from the
peculiar situation in which I was placed, and from my attachment to his parents. It was one in the morning
when I saw Mr. Stewart up in the cabin. Sleep forsook my eyes, and with a heavy heart I asked— what is
the matter ? The answer was just what I had been fearing—that Mrs. Stewart was unwell. I had hoped and
prayed that the winds might waft us to our destined port, before her day of affliction should arrive.
Although I knew that the sea would give up its dead at the command of God, yet the thought of
entombing one that I loved so tenderly beneath its billows, was to me more than I knew how to bear. I
was soon, however, delivered from all my fears. Her hours of suffering were not many. At half past nine,
we had our little stranger in our arms, and his mother in a comfortable situation. The wind blew so hard
all the time, that it was impossible to set down a cup, or any thing else with safety. Her bed was at the
windward side of the ship, and it required some exertion to keep her in it. Yet she felt no inconvenience
from the circumstance, and suffered as little as if she had been provided with every convenience. Mr.
Stewart and myself were her nurses. One of us sat up the fore part of the night, and the other the latter, for
two weeks. The little boy had good health, and we got along very well. Most of my time was spent below,
and I heard nothing that was passing on deck. I was happy to have it in my power to be of some assistance
to my best friends. I found employment enough to engross all my attention, and nothing occurred worth
mentioning. On the 24th, we saw and made Hawaii (Owhyhee). At the first sight of the snow-capped
mountains, I felt a strange sensation of joy and grief. It soon wore away, and as we sailed slowly past its
windward side, we had a full view of all its grandeur. The tops of the mountains are hidden in the clouds,
and covered with perpetual snow. We could see with a glass the white banks, which brought the strong
wintry blasts of our native country to our minds so forcibly, as almost to make me shiver. But it was not
long before objects that were calculated to have a chilling effect of another kind, were brought to our
sight. Two or three canoes, loaded with natives, came to the ship: their appearance was that of half man
and half beast—naked—except a narrow strip of tapa round their loins. When they first came on board,
the sight chilled our very hearts. The ladies retired to the cabin, and burst into tears; and some of the
gentlemen turned pale : my own soul sickened within me, and every nerve trembled. Are these, thought I,
the beings with whom I must spend the remainder of my life! They are men and have souls was the reply
which conscience made. We asked them where the king was at Hawaii, or Oahu ? They said at Oahu. We
informed them that we were missionaries, come to live with them, and do them good. At which an old
man exclaimed, in his native dialect, what may be thus translated—“That is very good, by and by, know
�God.” This beginning of missionary labours seemed very encouraging; and in a short time our
unpleasant feelings were much dissipated, and we conversed with them freely, through the boys, who
were our interpreters. We gave them old clothes; and in return they gave us all the fish they had caught,
except one large one, which we bought. They remained with us until our boat went on shore, and brought
us some potatoes, taro, and cocoanuts, which were very refreshing to us after a voyage of five months;
part of which time we had no other diet than meat and bread. I brought my little boy on deck, who was
two weeks old; some of them took him in their arms, and in ecstasy exclaimed, aroha maitai—very great
love to you; and kissed him. The last expression of affection we could have dispensed with very well; but
we have to become all things to all men, that we may gain some. They then bid us many arohas, and took
their departure.
On Saturday, the 10th of May, we left the ship, and went to the mission enclosure at Honoruru. We had
assigned to us a little thatched house in one corner of the yard, consisting of one small room, with a door,
and two windows—the door too small to admit a person walking in without stooping, and the windows
only large enough for one person to look out at a time. Near us was another of the same kind, occupied by
Mr. R, and opposite one much larger, where Mr. B. and E. resided. Next to them stood another small one,
in which Mr. Ellis, of the London Mission Society resided; and in the mission house (which at home
would be called small) there were Messrs. Bingham, Thurston, Loomis, Harwood, Goodrich, Blatchley
and Chamberlain. The family all eat at the same table, and the ladies attend to the work by turns. Mrs.
Stewart and myself took each of us a day separately. I found my time fully occupied during our stay at
Oahu, which I was not sorry for. Had I been idle, I should not in all probability have been so happy in my
situation as I was. I was obliged to stay within the enclosure all the time, except on the Sabbath, when I
went to church, which was a few rods off: and in the morning early I went three or four times, with Mr.
Stewart, to Mr. Allen’s, about one mile and a half from home, for milk. Mr. Allen was very kind to me,
and seemed happy to see one of his own country people. I think he told me he had resided on the island
twenty years, and had never before seen a coloured female. His wife is a native woman, but very pleasant,
and to all appearance innocent. The first time I visited her she presented me with a very handsome mat,
and appeared happy to see me. They are in good circumstances, and friendly to the mission. I regretted
leaving them very much.
On the 26th of May we heard that the barge was about to sail for Lahaina, with the old queen and princes;
and that the queen was desirous to have missionaries to accompany her; and that if missionaries would
consent to go, the barge should wait two days for them. A meeting was called to consult whether it was
expedient to establish a mission at Lahaina. The mission was determined on, and Mr. S. was appointed to
go: he chose Mr. R. for his companion, who was also appointed the next day. On the 28th we embarked
on the mighty ocean again, which we had left so lately.
In the morning of the 31st, we all came on deck, and were in sight of land. In the middle of the day we
came to anchor; the gentlemen left the vessel to see if they could obtain a house, or any accommodations
for us. They returned in a few hours with Mr. Butler, an American resident, who had kindly offered us a
house. In the afternoon our things were landed, and we took up our residence in Lahaina. We had not seen
a tree that looked green and beautiful since we left home, until we came here. The water, too, is very
good, and the house one of the best that I have seen on the island.—It is the same that Dr. Holman had
while he was in this country. Mr. B. was very kind to us, and did ever thing in his power to make us
comfortable. His wife is a half-breed, and one of the prettiest women I have seen on the island. She
�understands English, but will not speak it. The next day, being the Sabbath, the gentlemen went down to
the village in the morning, and preached by an interpreter. The people were very attentive, and requested
that their instruction might begin the next day; and accordingly the following day it did begin.
Mr. Pitt dined with us the 2d of the month.—After dinner he said to the missionaries very politely, “I
wish you much joy on the island of Mowee.” He is a pleasant and sensible man, and the most influential
of any on the islands: he favours the mission. The next morning Mr. Loomis and Mr. Butler accompanied
him to Oahu, and left us with the natives and Mrs. Butler: William staid with the old Queen, so that we
were quite alone.
Near the last of June I had another attack of the pain in my breast, with a little spitting of blood. At the
time I was seized, we were without a lancet, or any means of obtaining one, except from a ship that had
just come into the harbour. Mr. P. sent to it and got one, and Mr. R. bled me. In a few minutes I was
relieved, but was not able to leave the place until the 24th, when a brig came in sight.— Supposing it to
have the deputation on board, I walked to the beach, and arrived just in time to see his royal highness
land, amidst hundreds. He appeared very well at the time, but we found soon after that he was in a frolic,
and had left Oahu without its being known where he was going. The day previous to his arrival a
schooner came in quest of him; and the day after, his own barge came, with two of his queens—he has
four. In his manners he is quite a gentleman. He reads and writes well. We regret very much that he is
given to drink. He says he is afraid of the fire and has made several attempts to refrain, but has been
unsuccessful. The 29th was the Sabbath. I went in the morning with the family to worship: the scene that
presented itself was one that would have done an American’s heart good to have witnessed. Our place of
worship was nothing but an open place on the beach, with a large tree to shelter us: on the ground a large
mat was laid, on which the chief persons sat. To the right there was a sofa, and a number of chairs; on
these the missionaries, the king, and principal persons sat. The kanakas, or lower class of people, sat on
the ground in rows; leaving a passage open to the sea, from which the breeze was blowing. Mr. R.
addressed them from these words, “It is appointed unto all men once to die, and after death the
judgment.” Honoru acted as interpreter: the audience all appeared very solemn. After service the favourite
queen called me, and requested that I should take a seat with her on the sofa, which I did, although I could
say but few words which she could understand. Soon after, biding them aroha I returned with the family.
In the afternoon we had an English sermon at our house: about fifty were present, and behaved well. In
the morning one of the king’s boys came to the house, desiring to be instructed in English. Mr. S. thought
it would be well for me to engage in the work at once. Accordingly I collected a proper number and
commenced. I had four English, and six Hawaiian scholars. This, with the care of the family, I find as
much as I can manage.
July 3d,—In the afternoon I went, with a number of the natives, to purchase pine apples. After walking
through Taro patches and water, we came to the pine apples, which appeared very handsome. They grow
on the edge of a pond of water; the fruit generally bangs in the water- one or two on a bunch—sometimes
only one—which grows straight up on the bush. I obtained two apples, and seven plants, and returned
home before night.
4th—In the morning, Mr. S. returned from prayers, with Mr. Ellis, the London missionary, who had just
arrived from Oahu, on his way to Hawaii. I was very much disappointed to see him without receiving
letters from America. When we left Honoru, two vessels were expected ; one from New York, and the
�other from Boston. I often visited the beach to watch for sails: the vessel at last arrived, but brought me no
letters. Oh may I be taught, to be submissive at all times.
�
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Stockton (Betsey or Betsy) Journals
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Stockton, Betsey - Journal - 1822-1823
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- 3 typescripts of articles appearing in the "Christian Advocate" dated May and December 1824 and January of 1825.
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