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THEFRRIEND
$teto Smts, &L fl,
lIONOLI'LU. FEBRUARY I, 1860.
SM-I
CONTENTS
For
February, 18GO.
Page.
9
Micronesia,
9, 10. 11, 14, 15
Tiie Ebon »ml Ponape DtateoM compared
12
Prostitution ; Call for Bibles among Hawaiiana
12
A Protestant Missionary at the Grave (if a Catholic,
12, H
Third Trip of the Morning Star to Micronesia,
13
China,
letter from
13
Poetry, original, our Sea-Beach at Hilo,
16
Journal,
Deaths,
&c,
Marine
THE FPiIEND,
FEBRUARY 1, 1860.
Micronesia.
The arrival of the Morning Star brings
late intelligence from all the mission stations
in Micronesia. The return of the packet was
hastened in consequence of the sickness of
the wife of the Rev. Dr. Pierson, of Ebon.
In several letters which have been received,
the usefulness and value of the Morning
Star are particularly mentioned. Writes the
Rev. Mr. Roberts, under date of October 11 :
to
" Tho Morning Star is a great blessing be
us, and far off be the day when she shall
dispensed with, unless for some more substantial and commodious craft."
From the Rev. Dr. Gulick's letter we copy
as follows (written in view of his being transferred from Ascension to another part of the
missionary field. He is now upon Ebon, at
the station vacated by Dr. Pierson): " Our
process of teaching has gone on as in former
years. There are at least six native families
in our tribe who keep up daily family worship night and morning, and who walk very
consistently. Several of them have been
prayers" for years ; one for four years, and
"none
less than two. * * * I may, I suppose, very consistently, with a satisfaction in
the idea of going to a new field, express my
grief in leaving my lambs at this interesting
point of their course. It would be delightful
to stay and witness the growth of the mustard-seed. The work will inevitably go backsome, perhaps a good deal, even in the hearts
of these, my converts; though there are
few I would have taken more pleasure in introducing here than Mr. Roberts; thismakes
me less anxious that they should be admitted
to the church before I leave. Of Mr. R. you
will be glad to learn ; he takes hold like a
true missionary. He hrn the fnm» of n
_
9
jlOlu juries, Vol. 17.
[CacnqpcaatMi of
large substantial building enclosed in koards.
He is a great wuiker, <*nd very ingenious, and
thf Fitauft.]
ETabhoneDdialcts
has the interests of souls at Mai v."
<
T0
Diion, Nov. 1. 18G0.
The Rev. Mr. Bingham thus writes uikk.
Rev. Ai... SrlAMON—Mij De>r Sir:—Suffer
date of Apaiang, Sept. 21 : " Our hearts
were saddened by the non-arrival of Hawai- ime to present your readers with a paper on
ian missionaries. We shall hope and pray the comparative philology of the dialects of
for the Lord of the harvest that He will send Ebon and Ponape. There are many of your
forth laborers into his harvest. We have but renders deeply interested in this missioned.
little intercourse with seafaring men. 1 have jThey are anxious to possess themselves m ..\[,
seen only one three masted vessel since the the information concerning it possible; and not
one which we spoke on our return voyage, least among their inquiries is resp-.cting the
one year ago ; and this vessel did not touch languages of the field. They are aware it
it our island. What was our joy when we does not possess that unity of language which
saw the white flag run up to the mast head pertains to Polynesia—or rather a part of it.
of a vessel which was entering our lagoon There the Taiiitian, New Zealander, MarSeptember 9, you can easily imagine." [The quesanaiul Hawaiian Me at home when each
white flag is the missionary signal throughout treads the soil of the other. At once may
the Hawaiian and Micronesian islands.— Ed. the Hawaiian missionary, or with but little
any one
of Friend.] " The brig Freak and schooner previous study, begin his work upon
these islands. He and the Tahitian, and
Pfiel are the only vessels, except the Morn- of
ing Star, which have entered our lagoon for | others, may read together from the same
more than a year. The conduct of Captain i divine book, and "sing with the understandFauclough, of the British brig Break, has ! ing" the same devout hymns. How readily
been very kind towards the missionaries. jcould Ellis, at an early day in the Hawaiian
He and Captain Randall take most of the oil mission, give important help to the missionathere toiling in their new language. All
made on the King's Mill islands."
i ries
this now is so because there prevails there so
Strawberries in January.—The lights much of a unity of language—a language,
and shadows of an editor's life are strikingly one in its grammatical structure, and largely
diversified. His sanctum is often darkened so in its vocables.
But
thus is it in Micronesia, it is well
by some disappointed contributor, or some known not
a native from Ponape is a stranger on
frowning reader who feels himself hit, or Ebon in language ; a native of Ebon is a like
some threatening subscriber intimating that stranger on Strong's Island ; and so is it, we
his support will be withheld, unless the editor have reason to believe, with our whole misminds his p's and r/'s. How striking such sion field ; or, if there are exceptions, they
shadows contrast with the following specimen are very few indeed.
of cheerful sunshine : " Mr. Holstein, of the
But the friends of this mission, acquainted
Royal Agricultural Gardens, presents his with this fact have asked, how nearly or how
compliments with the accompanying pickings distantly related are the languages of all these
from his strawberry bed." May genial show- islands. Are they distinct, complete by themers, and just enough bright sunshine, alter- selves —or, are they dialects, branrhes of a
nately fall upon the Royal Agricultural Gar- parent language ? with any such local alterdens to make them fruitful, while Mr. Hol- ations as time or accident may have introstein is the busy and thoughtful superintend- duced ? 1 am not able to answer this quesent, and may he be retained to watch over tion in regard to our whole field, but I prothe same to a green old ago, always sustained pose to answer it, as it concerns the two
by an appreciating community, and we are islands I have named—Ponape and Ebon,
sure he will never want editors to puff the think, however, it may be safely inferred
products of his gardens.
from the relation of these in their languages,
are the affinities of the languages of our
In consequence of the crowded state what
whole
field.
of our paper, we arc compelled to omit
Let me say, all I propose in this article is,
"Cath»licus" and other articles prepared for to take only some of the main features of the
two languages, and contrast them, and from
this numW.
PoCnapeompared.
-I
,
'
�THE FRIEND, FEBRUARY,
10
1860.
this our friends will be able to judge of the
But I will proceed to remark upon some of
whole.
the main features of the grammar of the two
I will first give a list of words common to languages.
the two islands, and then speak of the
Grammar.—There are in eudi tongue
about the same number of sounds, and, of
grammars :
Taiii.e oi Words.
COttrM, characters to represent them.
ENUUSII.
K.HCIN.
POXAPE.
In both theM are five long vowel?, with
I'rrsjn,
Arainaj.
Armitli,
their corresponding characters. They arc
(■
ill,
Man,
Man.
i
the vowels common to Polynesia
Skill,
Kit,
Kil.
Mm—a ■ i Q r.
Mai.
Breadfruit,
Me,
P.llla/ie— a ■ i or.
Mullc,
Muror.
Pigeon,
The consonants are :
Stars,
lju,
lju.
Ebon
II J X III W V Th Nk.
Ajuri,
Child,
Jeri.
r J X b MM MH It W T N>r.
Bathe,
Tnu-thu,
Tu-tu.
It will be seen there is one more consonant
Eung,
Heaven,
Naluug.
in Ebon than Ponape. It is y ; but y and i
Bone,
Hi,
Ti.
are interohangably used; and so I would
VVoth-woth, Wat-e-watuk.
remark are band p. The X of Ebon when
Canoo,
IV'a,
initial, is peculiar, marked by a strong dr
War.
lam,
Bailer,
I/iu.
sound, so much so as often to raise the quesCry,
Jung,
Jon-e-jung.
tion whether the letter d should not be introKan,
Kan.
Day,
duced. The Tof I'onape finds its equivalent
Bjng,
Night,
Pong.
in the soft Th of Ebon. The .1 of each lantfr
Jerok.
I Jorak,
guage is made to <.over all the sounds ranging
Sail, noun \
Jerok.
House,
Ini,
Im I < *rom g soft to sh—as g soft, j, dj, cli, sh. The
Love,
Yokvec,
!••• «wu.' Mlw rest of the characters are alike, possessing
I love you,
Iyokwe yuk. ''; -:'.a pokayuk. their usual powers.
L nuatlni.
Ocean.
Naniuatau.
Noirxs.—The nouns of each dialect possess
Hand,
Pe,
Pa.
no
proper inflection of case. Their number,
Foot,
No,
Ne.
gender and case must be gathered from other
No,
Jab,
Jo.
considerations than the inflections of the subKong.
H-ar,
Kong,
'Walking-cane, Jokun,
Jokun.
stantive. The number is usually distinMeja.
guished by the plural particle kon, Ebon, and
Meja.
kan, Ponape—characters not a little alike.
Father,
Jem,
Jam.
The gender is designated usually by some
Munga.
word denoting the sex. The case is known
by the position of the noun in the sentence.
Passage for boat, Tho,
Tau.
While there are no cases, or no declension
One hundred,
Apiiki.
Jipuko,
of the nouns, not a little interesting fact is
Jillok,
None,
Jolar.
Teach,
Katliak,
Patak.
seen in the nouns of a certain class suffixing
Bwe-bwe,
Pwe-i-pwei.
Fool,
to themselves the possessives of the pronouns,
Ngun,
To or For,
LTng.
and thus have a little the appearance of
Because,
Bwe,
Pwe.
inflections.
I joja.
I do not know, l.jaji,
EBON.
When, interrog. Ngath,
Iat.
Ka.
Limb of tree, Ka,
EXAMPLE.
Ngi,
Teeth,
Ngi.
Jem,
Father.
Throw to'ards) j
Plural.
Ka-je-to.
Singular.
one,
\
Father,
Father, our
Jem-o
Jom-er
my
7o-16k,
from
Ka-je-la.
one,
Throw
Jem-uin
Jem-mi
•'
your
" ycuir
Yon,
Pon.
Upon,
Jem-en
" his Jera-er
" their
Vomit,
Mmuj,
Ummuj.
Kabilung,
Kap.lung.
West,
I'ONAPE.
You,
Kum,
Kom.
Jam,
Father.
Am.
Yours,
Am,
Singular.
Ir.
lr,
They,
Jam-ai,
Father, my
Far off,
Etholok,
Meto.
your
Jam-um,
Wia.
Jaui-a,
his
Nat.
"
:_
Oil
_f ,L.
lDual.
the words
in common
These are some of
use, and common to both dialects. I could Jam-ata,
Father, our two
two
add more to them. Perhaps these will suffice. .l:iin-mn,i.
" your
They will'show certainly there is a close .lam-ara,
" their two
Plural.
affinity between the two dialects. We have
Father, our
not yet made any estimate of how many Jam-at,
words of one are common to the other. This Jam-um,
" your
" their
will be an interesting fact. I can safely say, Jain-ar,
however, the vocables of both will be so largely
As I have said this is only a noun of a
different, there cannot be—as in fact there is certain class which thus suffixes to itself the
not—any intercourse in conversation between possessives of the pronouns. The class which
natives from the two islands It will perhaps does this contains those nouns which express
be noticed in this tablethere are some words, relationship of persons—as father, brother,
a noun in one line which is a verb in the sister, mother. The members of the body
other; we are not prepared to say the same also thus suffix these possessives—as hand,
relation will always hold. We cannot say foot, eye, face.
To these are to be added nouns which canthat which is a verb with one people will,
when transferred to the other, be a noun; or, not bo classified, that I know of—as house,
what may be a noun, when transferred, will canoe, Sec. This form of these nouns is not
become a verb. All we know is the simple a little interesting, as it pertains closely to
bath dialects.
fast before us.
:
—
TaMy!'}
.
*
fe }
«*
----....
...
...
...
....
"
Numerals.—The numerals of each dialect
possess some features so much alike, I will
give them. They are in full :
•■>
It
s
a
4
Kiw*. —Ituvun lino Jiln Kinm-ii Lalliin Jilijlmi
H.isape— An
Aod
Ari Kjil Apunrf Aliin
0
8
7
liljin-im-jawun Twnl-i-lh ik Twnth-iro-juwun
Eb'*
IV'Miv:—Kij
Atn
Awhl
10
111T,*,!
bOI
I'o.iai'i:—KimgMu
Of these the second, third, fifth, eighth and
tenth can all be referred to the same radices.
We have ro and ri —Ebon and Ponape—
which gives us r radical. We have also tho
forms jil of both numbers, the same roots.
The filth of each finds its root in Urn, the
last syllable. The eighth has wal, and tho
tenth ungol, Ebon, and ngaul, Ponape.
I have presented these, as I have said, because thereis much which is evidently to be referred to the same roots. Perhaps at first sight
the casual reader may not be struck with much
unity—hut to him who is frequently using
these numerals, both by themselves and in
combination with others, the unity is striking,
and so I doubt not it will appear to every
reasonable philologist.
But in regard to numerals, we havo more
striking similarity in one set which pertains
to the Ebon language. They are essentially
the same as those above given of the Ponape
dialect. The Ebon numbers which 1 will
eive are not, I would remark, ordinarily used.
They only come in play when the knots, into
which a cocoanut leaf or pandanus may be
tied, are counted—counted for the purpose of
foretelling the future. The numbers are:
S
3
5
8
12
4
7
Eboj
Erth Erl Kjil Ap'Jilg Alhu Athu Wrra W-lib
I'oNAPii— Art Ari Kjil Apunj Alim Aon hij
Awnl
0
10
[net lii'-jungolth.
Ebov
I'oVAPt:—Atu KutuiiKaul.
In looking over these numbers, we see a littlo
difference, but mostly that occasioned by a
transposition of some of the numbers. From
one to five exclusive, all are essentially alike.
By transposing the sixth of Ponape to the
seventh of Ebon, the seventh of Ponape to the
eighth of Ebon, the eighth of Ponape to the
ninth of Ebon, and the ninth of Ponape to
the sixth of Ebon, and all these numbers,
with the tenths, could be referred to the same
We regard these numerals of Ebon as an
interesting fact. It seems to point to a purpose in the native mind, to hold fast those
which are common to the two dialects in
some form, though there be a sundering and
isolation of the tribes. We know there is no
inter-communication between these two tribes
now to account for the adoption of, say the
Ebon numbers from the Ponapians. Moreover, if the Ponapians use numbers, as they
foretell the future, the numbers are few as
compared to those given above. And again
we think all possibility of borrowing is precluded, since these same numbers are common to all the Marshall islanders. We can
only account for their existence in both languages then from the purpose of the native
mind, as I have said, to hold fast to them in
some form, though there be a wide separation
from the mother.
Let me speak of the mode of enumerating
articles, as there is much which is common
to them in both dialects, and interesting.
When articles are numbered, as by one, two,
three, Sec., up to ten, the order is as in Eng-
�.
THE FRIEJiD, FEBRUARY,
11
iB6O.
lish, though of course using the native names
forms o( the nominative in the Ebon table
Singular.
Plural.
for the numerals. But when many articles Son. few*, Urn, ko. | VolDual.
but repeat themselves, while this is nearly so
kimm. | N.m.
kum.
are to be counted, both islands count by twos. Pom. S""'."i'- i ~„.,. ( ■■■, ■■ |..I
}Hn,.„i.
| """• ) m-tU! in that of Ponape.
( mi,.., but
l"«P> | I
ouji.e. kuum.
And when they reach the number ten, a new omo, i""'•
tan,uk.
In the nominative, plural, Ist person, it
'loans, kum
in in n ri.it,-. pn.
term is used for it, ami for all the decimal
be again noticed, tico forms hold in the
will
Singular,
Dual.
Plural.
numbers beyond it. In the Pooape language, Bom.
table of the Ebon language : kirn, kij, we.
i, -i.
Yon,
v>y
in,
ir, n,
tsep.
three sets of decimals prevail, and are used
|..,..
They are necessary to mark the distinction
~.
Pom. aij,'..,i,i
Poo. lr,{wd
according to the articles enumerated. Ripe POM. a.ynl
of
excluding or including the person addressed.
Cttttp.
(l.laop.
CIOWP.
SECOND PERSON.
and other things will constitute one
class; canoes, &c, a second ; breadlruit, Ace,
a third. In the Ebon language, there are
only two sets of these decimals.
Suffer a remark upon the mode of counting
on Ebon beyond fifty. It will be a little out
of the course of my remarks, yet as it is singular, may interestyour readers, and perhaps
furnish myself with a little information,
whether the same form prevails anywhere
else in Polynesia.
Beyond fifty, and on to one hundred, there
are no terms which can strictly be applied to
the intermediate numbers. When fifty is
spoken, then the next term is six. seven,
eight, nine, ten, one hundred (usins; the Ebon
terms). The cumber fifty and six, lor instance, is not in the native mind fifty-six,
and fifty and seven is not fifty-seven, but the
terms six, seven, eight, nine, ten, though the
names of the ordinary numerals are reckoned
each ten, and the five then added to the fifty
gives one hundred. Example:—suppose we
have counted on to fifty, the name is limungol—the native will say limungol, jiljinu,
jiljin-im-juwon, twalithuk, twath-im-juwon,
jungol, apuk, one hundred, or as I have said,
fifty, six, seven, eight, nine, ten—one hundred. Hence there is no term for sixty-two,
or eighty-five, or ninety-nine.
I have just referred to this system, as I
have said, wishing if any one can give information of a like system anywhere else in the
Pacific Ocean, they would would publish it
in your paper, or elsewhere, as may be convenient.
The ordinals, as such, are wanting in both
.
L
"''"'He• who
will look over these two tablesand
Kirn excludes, kij includes him.
In the Ponape table, one form only exists :
compare them, will at OOCS see a striking
i kit, we. For the idea of excluding or inunity between both. But belore I remark cluding
the person spoken to may be exupon the several parts of these, 1 would say I
the use of ail, a particle, as some
by
pressed
have only given those forms of the Ponape may
prefei to call it, of mere emphasis, though
dialect which are the most closely related to
it means more exactly all: as kit-ail, we all.
the dialect of Ebon. There are a few forms When a person or persons
wishes to include the
of the Ponape table I have not given, which
person spoken to, he will usually use the form
were not essential to the point in view.
kit-ail, since to say only kit, he might not
It will be noticed there is a pure dual form be understood
the person spoken
pertaining to the pronouns of the Ponape to. Indeed, it asis including
with this form in Ponape
table, which is wanting in that of Ebon. But just os it is in
Knglish. We say, we all,
if the firm is wanting, the principle is there. when we would include
the person we are
It is made by suffixing a numeral to the proor use with it some explanatory
to,
speaking
noun, as kiui-ro, we two. it is in fact just
phrase. But as we have seen in Ebon, two
as we say ill English, We two, We lhr»->., Are.., tt
| to is for expressing the idea holds.
cardinal numbers being suffixed to the pro- ~i'i^—
son must be careful to use cornoun. Just so is it in Ebon. In that lan- rectly these tfnrms.
guage, however, care must be observed in
1 should remark here, i><i Jg sometimes the
Using the pronouns, to use them discrimin- case the ail is given witlismal rforms of the
ated, whether one wishes to include or ex- pronoun. I have not so d0..»,v
all of
clude the person addressed. lum-w, we two, Ponape finds its equivalent in uit/i of Ebon,
excludes the person spoken to. while ktj-io both meaning simply all. In English, we
includes him. In the Ist person, nominative, never give the particle all with the forms of
singular, /is the principle pronoun of that \I the pionoun, though it would be as correct as
person and number in both languages. It is to decline the Ebon pronouns with uith, as
the one used most frequently in direct narra- kij-uith, we all ; kum-uith, you all ; ir-uith,
tive discourse. The other two however, nga they all ; or those of Ponape with ail, as kitand ngai, are important, and used much. ail,
we all ; hum-ail, you all ; ir-ail, they nil.
They ;ire always used in reply to a question,
In the possessive case, Ist pers. plural, three
and often otherwise.
belong to the Ebon paradigm. Two of
In the possessive of the Ist per. singular of forms
them, ar and er, are the separable and insepathe Ebon dialect, there are tw> forms; and I rable forms, while am is especially exclusive.
have seen lit to distinguish them as separable
In the Ponape paradigm this case has only
and inseparable. 1 might have used the one form, and is separable or inseparable, acterms suffix and prefix, but I chose the first,
cording to the ideas suggested in the possesbecause often the form of the prefix is used sive case of the first person singular.
dialects.
The pronouns are not a little interesting. by itself. Not appended to any word, it
In the objective case of the first person
Let me gjve you a form of each, and then stands alone in a sentence,—it makes a word plural, the forms of the nominative are only
make such remarks as are necessary to more by itself. But the sufix, or that which would repeated, and need no further elucidation.
be so used, is never used but in connection
fully understand them :
I do not know that further remarks are
with a word. It is never used alone. In needed upon the cases or forms of the other
EBON.
as
fact, it is with these
with the Hebrew pro- persons. What hasbeen said will sufficiently
PRONOUNS—FIRST PERSON.
nouns. Those which may be called proper explain them.
Singular.
Norn.
often stand by themselves in a sentence, or
I, nga.
Let me call attention however to the pos'"-'parable.
Prau.
S »'>
ro
they may or may not be prefixed to a word. sessive case of the second person singular and
Inseparable.
o,*
\
""' I, nga.
Object.
But the fragmentary ones are never used but plural. Here in the Ponape paradigm the
Plural.
suffixed to a word of some kind or other. two forms of separable and inseparable are
as
C
deludes
kiin,
person
addressed.
u
I have used the same nomenclature distinctly expressed. And the two forms of
j kij, includes
Hence
""
{am, excludes
*'" person addressed. for these pronouns in the Ebon dialect which this case in both the first and second persons,
<ar, separable, and
includes
Poss.
Cer, inseparable, and excludes
some authors of Hebrew grammars have and of both numbers, will attract attention
"'
„OBJECT. f kirn, excludes personaddressed. "
adopted.
JW] incluiiL s
at once; they are the same in both paradigms.
SECOND PERSON.
And this distinction, it will be noticed, I should remark, the form umi of the Ebon
Plural.
Singular.
holds in the Ponape dialect, though only one table is not heard in full. As spoken, the u
kwe, kwon, kvrn. I Nov.
Norn.
kum.
form is there given. That form may be is hardly if ever heard, and the accent thrown
,eP»rahlc.
{ arai' ••ParaMe5) am
Pons
Pn««
I
row
( uinl, inseparable.
urn, inseparable. I
either separable or inseparable.
That is, upon mi, as jem-mi, father, your; and not
kum.
Object, kwe, yuk. I Oject.
there are certain words to which the form at jem umi.
THIRD PERSON.
Plural.
Singular.
must be prefixed, while there are certain other
In the third person, nominative singular,
Norn.
ir, re, ren.
Norn.
c, en. I
words again to which it must be suffixed. the forms of each table differ, or different let„
separable.
separable.
air,
<
|
u
»„„..
i » i inseparable.
rosB
Jen,
|w" } ir, Inseparable.
Thus the principle then holds, while there is ters are used to express this case in both
Object, c, eu.
| Object, ir, no, re.
only one form to mark.
dialects; but the characters used to express
1 would here remark, the missionaries on the possessive case of this person and num* Sound of u Is current.
Ponape have not, that I know of, adopted this ber approach a little towards a likeness ofeach
PONAPE.
PRONOUNS—FIRST PERSON.
distinction. There is no impropriety cer- other. While in the plural number of this
Dual.
Plural.
Singular.
tainly in my using it for my point of compar- person a most striking similarity prevails, it
Norn. I, nzal. I Norn. klta.
Num. kit.
ison.
( Sep.
c sep.
i sep.
is the R radical repeating itself in all the
Pose,
Poss. at. i and
1 Poss. ata, < and
In the objective case, do., do., of both dia- forms of both tables.
(lus'p. I
(Iruu-p.
(Ins4'p
lects, there is nothing peculiar. The full
Objec. kit.
OlJtc. la, iifni. | OIJEC. klta.
cocoanuts
.
"
-
'
Oli.ll.
|n
llli.nr.
;,'.
.
'
on
(Continuedpage
14)
�1' iv t: \
1 II X
12
THE FRIEND.
i). f i; 1. X l
l X \
.
18 00.
A Protestant Missionary at the Crave of
Third Trip of Morning
Star
to
Micronesia.
a Catholic.
Rkv. S. C. Damon—Dear Sir .—An account of the third
voyage of the Mot nitty Slur to Micronesia may not be uulntcrKey.
a
recent
communication
from
the
In
I'Dllltl AltV 1, ISOO.
to y<>ur readers. It will In- remembered that we sailed
L. H. Gulick, we have met with the follow- Mttm
from Honolulu August 10, and proceeded on our way direct for
We have given the leading editorial ing paragraph : A few weeks since I planted th*; Kingsmill Umup. The day after (tailing, we had the wind
cocoanut on the grave of the Key. from the south, afterwards the regular tradesuntil the 24th ; in
in the Polynesian of January 2Sth a thought- a foreign
Batchelot, who died in I^3—, on his Ut. 8° 00 N., kr*lf. 1T» 3 M V. a fell in with squally weathrr
Mr.
ful perusal. The subject is one demanding
winds, and an easterly current of 30 milts per day. This
way from the Sandwich Islands to Ascension, light
with occasionalcalms and winds variable, hut mostly
the serious consideration of the legislator, in company with the present Roman Catholic continued,
eastward, until the iSih ; when we were in lat. 3° 14 N., long.
statesman,
and christian. If Bishop of the Sandwich Islands, lie was 179* 83 W., we took the breeze fresh from M.S.K., Willi fine
watUher ; crossed the nntdlM the same evening, and arrived
the writer had come out with his views a lit- buried in B dense cocoanut grove on the isl- at
Apaia Sept. 1. We saw, and closed with, the land (Mariki or
near
the mouth of the weather or Mall
tle more distinctly, we should have been bet- and of Na,
hew's Island) the eveningprevious, hut found in the morning
Metalanim harbor. Though differing widely we could only nm!
the leeward point of Apaia, so X ran to
ter
with the article. He seemed to
from him in religious faith, and condemning Inward oft )>>' island, intending to heat up to the channel, tin [
write as if afraid of censure. Does he wish much in his missionary life, I respect his did with gfMa MM last your in the niyht. We worked until
to institute a system similar to that practiced zeal, and most especially desire to honor his sunset, ati.l came to anchor in seven tathorns water under the
N.W. point of the island, abeut Ji mies to leeward of Mr,
in Paris, Bremen, and some other European devotion to the enterprise of spreading Christi- Btngkum*! ItaUkO. N'-xt morning |0t under way with a fresh
cities i ll so, he should have shown that the anity. Had his successors followed up their breeze, made two boards off shore, but could not gain one inch,
work in Micronesia rather than at the Sand- and can:.- ftgajfl fcO anchor. In the alt-moon, took our anchor
system has met and obviated this most terriwich Islands, this field would ere this have again, the breeze having freshened, made a board off shore, and
ble of social evils. We are open to convic- undoubtedly been their own, in all its extent." .n inattag in fell to leeward of our anchorage two miles-. Wo
could always reach this anchorage by keeping under the lee of
tion, although in matters of this nature it is
May the simple natives as in coming years the island, thereby avoiding the current ; the anchorage id an
the fruit from this tree, nlanted liy excellent, ?*OJ for ships of any size desiring to stop for a short
difficult to draw correct inferences from pub- they
Piuteainin. missionary
the time ; the bottom is smooth coral—any depth may Ite selected ;
lished data. Legislative action s'
the last tune we anchored in 4i hlhnml—of course with any but
Catholic,
have
,VJ
of
an
devoted
gY&ve
equally
another
i,.'
-";
in
the trade wind it would be unsafe. Finding we could not work
direction (and thither "
common Savior of all.
to
love
the
learned
up against this full .">J knot current, 1 stood away to the north,
in some parts of the world). Not '".ay should
earth,
of
the
but
earthy,"
Creeds
are
(iospel
passing Pitt's Island—had very light, variable winds, but after
the fallen be shp'0< -ed when penitently refor Cod so loved the reaching lat. 3° 00 N. were clear of the westerly sot, worked
tracing their •■ Jfe, to the abodes of virtue, truth is from above
world, that he gave his only begotten son, eastward, and finally entered tin* lagoon "f Apaia on Saturday,
nnd not pi
T.a hospital relief be granted,
that whosoever believeth in him should not Sept. 10, just one week from the tune we left the H.W. point to
but why should not the guilty seducer and perish,
north.
but have everlasting life." Reflection proceed
Mr. Bingham met u half-way fr<>m the channel to the an
shameless libertine be made to feel the
this
little
incident
of
the
Protestant
upon
chorage in his little boat, with Mahoe ami Kanoa ; I need ml
igency of wholesome laws ? Why should
a Catholic's grave attempt to deseiihe their joy, how they stood upun the beach
a
cocoanut
upon
planting
the fatherof an illegitimate child be made will not do any one harm, but may do him watching the brig as she sailed along the edge of the reef for the
to support his offspring ? Why should not a
n«>w eight miles from them—their suspenseand excitemuch good, if he is cithera bigoted Protestant entiance,
ment were great. They feared the Morning Star was lost, or it
man (if the authorities allow it) keeping a
bigoted Papist.
might be a trader! W« reached the channel, passed safely
mistress, give bonds that she shall be sup- or
threugh, ami with his glass. Mr. It. saw the flag as it ascended
after
ho
has
abandoned
her?
ported
Why
Our readers, who are fond of philological slowly towards the track. The folds gave way,and thereinfull
should not the father of a ruined daughter
study, will be exceedingly interested in rloff was the Dove. "It is the Netting Staff" There wan
be allowed to bring a suit for damages against the long disquisition of tlie Key. E. T. Doane joy in that little crowd. They soon met us as we proceeded
the miserable being who is trampling upon upon the Ebon and Ponape dialects. It is in across the lagoon on a most lovely Saturday afternoon. Sitturalways seem plfMntMt to me—that was ray
the most sacred of obligations? These are an entirely new field of research. The isl- (tui/ n/trrniionx
only hoo.Uy in my boyhood, then far the whortleberries! I
questions more or less discussed in other com- ands inhabited by the people speaking the need
not say how cordially our hands were grasprd ; what joy
munities, and we should be glad to learn the dialects lie ten degrees of longitude apart, we had brought to that little band of devoted ones; alt were
Polynesian's views upon them. It it has any and until recently, there has been no com- found in health, but much in need of the provisions, etc., brought
us. We lound that a most comfortable meeting-house had
light to shed upon this subject, which the munication between the inhabitants, so far by
which was dedicated on the next day
been built, 40 by °,;'i
writer of the article referred to styles '• a dis- as memory or tradition extends. The Pona- after oar arrival. It|.-et,
was an interesting service ; the King has
gusting and sickening subject." we hope he pian has been reduced to a written form by a slip for his own private use, which be steadily occupies; himwill not hide it under a bushel.
the American missionaries, Messrs. Gulick self, and near one hundred natives were present on this occasion.
A change for the better is rpiite apparent sincelast year.
and
Sturges, and the Ebon, by Messrs. Doane Tuesday
13,we left for Bboa ; Mr. and Mra. Bingham came
for Bibles Among Hawaiians. and Pierson. Knowing the high value which
ou board early, and saw us off. Having the wind from the
—Some months ago the Catholic Mission on professors of languages in American colleges south, we passed out at the western channel, which is not near
good or safe as the other, but passed out in safety. We had
the Sandwich Islands commenced the issue and the savans of Europe take in the hum- as
a very pleasant run, and reached Ebon on the 15th, but was
blest
to
the
advancement
of
promote
efforts
of a series of publications, in which the disto hear of the ill health of both Dr. and Mrs. IMerson.
philological study, which is becoming of so pained
We had UM weather squally, and unfavorable for entering the
tinctive features of Protestant and Catholic much
importance in tracing the history of our lagoon until the 20th, when the wind changed to thesouth and
doctrines were viewed from a Catholic stand
crooked channel into the
globe, we oiler gratuitously copies of this wafted us through the narrow and stay
here was short; we
point. This movement aroused a counter number of the Friend to any of our island beautiful and placid lagoon. Our
found all the chiefs anient on a voyage to the North. I think
movement on the part of the Protestants, readers who may wish to send the paper Mr. Doaue said the fleet of canoes amounted to forty, each containing twenty persons, many of them visitors from the North.
hence among the natives there has beet) a abroad.
We
Strom-.*,, Inland on th* SH, arriving the 28th. Mr.
Greedy Newsmongers.—In a letter from Snowleft for
warm discussion going forward. The old
and family M found in excellent health and spirits. Wo
Key.
of
he
says left MTAMMMMI on Saturday, t>MMOT lit ; hud a very pleahattle of Luther and his opponents has been the
H. Bingham, Apaiang,
fought over, with a similar result. There that a mail sent from Honolulu was entrusted sant passage, and arrived on the 4ih, falling in with on the way,
ship Hope, Clifford, of N. 8.,
has been an unwonted demand for the Bible to the natives on a remote part of the island. 40 miles MM of Mc Wkyt't Island,
from Japan, hud not taken a whale in the last 16 months—was
among the natives. The demand is upon They supposing its contents were designed bound ea»t and southward. We ha 1 stores for the Hope, which
of let- were delivered. Rjnoa ami family came ou with us to Strong's
the increase, hence we have especially re- for food, actually li eat up" a
gretted the loss of the large invoice of Ha- ters and newspapers, including stray copies Island, as an arrangement had bet n made for him toremain at
waiian and English" New Testament which of the Friend and Polynesian. Fortunately Strong's Island, while Mr. Snow, who was exp.-eted to go ou the
Westward, remained away troin home. The
went down with the ill-fated Fleetwood, off a copy of the Advertiser was not in the pack- exploringMMMof and
extreme illness
Dr.
Mr*. t'ier*>n, together with the latebut
another invoice, we have age, for if a poor cannibal of the King's Mill ness ot the season, caused tlit exploration to be abandoned.
Cape Horn ;
just learned, has been shipped by the Amer- islands had chanced to have eaten copies of Mr. Snow came on with us to Ascension. We visited Konokitte
ican Bible Society from Boston, per Syren. the Polynesian and Advertiser at the same harbor, and found the dread and acourge of the place, the mur
down a man not long since, had bevu himself
We join with that giant of English Divines, meal, we fear the consequences would have derer who shot
killed by a comrade, whom he meant to have killed, and had
old Chillingworth : The Bible ! the Bible, been anything but agreeable. A copy of the actually
charged his gun for that purpose, the which his neighI say, the Bible only, is the religion of Pro- Friend might however have kept the ele- bor finding out mo away, armed himself with a large knife
aod on being followed. •■>) a«ked bow be dare run away, he
testants"—give it to the people of all lands. ments in a ouiet state.
"
philanthropist,
pleased
'.
»
'
.
pluck
•• devoted
";
"
Call
quantity
"
"
;
�THE
attacked the wretch &nd killed blm on the spot. He is the
same, I think, who Mr. Bturges, in & communication, speaks of
as a man from New England.
leaving Kouokitte on the 12th, we arrived at the weather
harbor the same afternoon, having been favored with a fine
westerly breeze. ; here we remained until Saturday, October 22,
engaged In taking on hoard the ctleets of Dr. Culick, sailing on
that day for Mixing's Island, and arrived on the 26th ; look in
aome additional dm*, KMM and family, two shipwrecked seamen of the ship Li Ttriyton, and left for Ilium ou the 2Slh.
Arrived at Kbon Nov. 3 ; left for Apaiang on the 4th, and arrived there after a flMgh ami unpleasantpMMsM "I" eleven days,
touching at Jaluitt on the sth, where all the Kalick chiefs are
kept in durance, probably until t-prin.c, on account of the unusual roughness of the weather ; they are allanxious to return to
Kbon, but dare not put to sea in such weather. We remained
at Apaiangdischarging cargo, repairing sails, ringing, &c, until
Decemlier 1, when we sailed again for Khun, Willi Dr. tiuliek
and family on iKiard, also Mr. Andrew (Jarreit, Naturalist—the
furroer for EbM, thelatter for Honolulu. Uoiug from Apaiang
to Kbon is justlike leaviug a blWllUftll and brilliantly illuiniimted
•aloou and going into a dark, dIMMJ cellar—even the rats are
not wanting, being MMMMd by dozens before ones feet while
walking among th<- short grass, (.em-rally on approaching the
iilund, black and heavy squall* appear, ami are almost constant,
especially at the season wheu the N.E. trade is setting in, and
as the lagooncannot be entered at this season, we are obliged to
land and take cargo while under way, and in the face of these
heavy squallß, in one of which we have, at this last visit lost a
Jib, and also carried away the main gaff, to say nothing of the
extra wear and tear of things in general. Some of these squalls
would almost put to shame even Cape Horn itself. Kbon is
doubtless, the gem of the chain in fruitfulneßS, yet a survey of
the whole tuight lead to a more suitable spot for a mission station. Elmore Island, a short distance north of Ebon, also Leglcp, not far distant, have excellent harbor*, are much larger
than Ebon—and, according to Kotzebue, the last-named is peopled by a race pbysieally superior to the others, and also has.
the very essential advantage of having twochanncls leading into
Its lagoonsufficiently large to admit a ship of the Hue. Mureover, these channels, he says, are so formed that no difficulty
wind.
can be encountered in sailing in or out with tli«*
The position of Legiep is lat. 10 ° 4 N., loim-loif0 2K.,bcing,l
think,away from the influence which render the islands larther south the unpl''s.d.tni spots they are, which must all be
attributed to t'.e track or course of the strong current which is
very "'ten found to exist in this part of the Pacific, and running
eastward, between the parallels of 3° 00 N. and 7° 00 N.,and
at times 1have found it as faruortli as 8 ° 00 ; this current within about these limits I think is found to extend from the extreme western portion of the Pacific to the coast of Peru. Without doubt,it is the same current which is found in the Indian
Ocean, setting up through the JavaSea, and thenflit ided by the
Island of Celebes—one branch passing through the Strait of Macassar, another through the Moluccapassage, while a thirdbranch
passes to the south of New Ciuinea and the Louißiade, into the
Southern Pacific. The strongest current I have found at sea
was while cruising about the Louisiade, (if I except that off the
Lagullas Bank, Cape of (lood Hope) cruising off Woodlark
Island in October 18W, with no current perceptible, I proceeded
directly to Cape Denis and w.is set westward in one night 30
miles, the ship working eastward under easy sail. At times
there it no current to be found there ; at others is found running
with much strength eastward. This current to the eastward,
which 1 found last year (during all our cruising in the Morning
Sta> ) to prevail between Ascension and north of the Kingsmill
Group, has almost utterly faded this year. The easterly winds
much more constant than last year; in our last passage from
Ebon to Apaiang, working eastward between the parallels of 5 z
30 N. and 3 3 30 V, had not a particle of current, until reaching long. 173° 30 X, in lat. 5° 00 N., we found we had entered
•> set of .10 miles eastward |»er day, which we |oM on reaching
lat. 3° 20 N. While standing south for Apaiang, on tins last
visit to the Kingsmill, 1 found instead of the strong westerly
current, a slight set to the south, say 10 miles per day.
We sailed from Elwn for Honolulu December 7, wind and
current favoring. We passed Elmore Island, of the Ralick, and
crossing the channel which separates the two chains, saw also
Laglcp. of the Kadack ; here we emerged to a pleasanter state
trade from N.K. until the 10th; in
of weather, and had a steady
lat. 19 D 00 N-, long. 197 : E.. bid calm for a short time, then
took a breeie from 8 W. to W.8.W., which fiually worked round
to N. and N.E , with very bad weather. January 1, wind
K.3.E., weather five, passed between Laysan Island and Maro
Reef—saw neither, as we were in mid passage ; they can be
soon changed to
seen from only a short distance ; the wind
H.S.E., and remained until the 9th, lat. 29 s 31NNt.t long. 158 o
strong
30 W., wheu we took the N.E. trades, and had them very
until our arrivul. Jan. 5, In la .28 ° 00 N., long. 162 => 00 W.,
was hove to for a few hours, blowing In heavy squalls from the
N W. and N.K., split the foresail from the foot to the reef-band,
but .eceived no further damage.
To sum up respecting Hie currents—last year we found them
generally in our track at Micronesia running N.E. and U.N.K.
125 to 30 miles per day. Through the season, the winds mostly
light, variableand westerly ; this year, very little westerly wind,
current weak, mostly north-westerly, untilDecember 1, when the
trade came on strong, and the current Ih-kbii running 30 miles a
day tailwnrd ; thli current we carried to 8 00 N.
Yours respectfully.
Job* w. B»nw>.
'
I• X I 1. \
I)
.
r
L BX I 1X 1
.
13
1860.
Aries in your kingdom devote one hour to
prayer for China ?
I shall be pleased to hear from you at any
Fuhchau, China, )
time, and trust the blessing of God may conSeptember 13, 1559.
Key. S. C. Damon, Dear Brother: —The tinue to rest on your labor.
Yours, very truly, K. S. Maclay.
numbers of the Friend which you kindly forwarded to my address by the American ship
Vhantom, Capt. Peterson, were promptly dePeHofodtnghelue
aPrenmdblDashaway
livered, and lor them please accept my be>t
signers to a copy of the annexed Pledge, do hereby
the
Wr,
thanks. In these ends of the earth it is not form
ourselves into an Association under the name and style of
often we hear from your island world hence the HoNoi.txr lUmuwat AssncuTin.v, and for the governthe arrival of the Phantom, after a twenty- ment thereof have adopted a Constitution, for the support of
seven days' passage, direct from Honolulu, which we mutually pledge ourselvcu.
pledgo ourselves, each to the
has produced a sensation in our port, and the We, the undersigned, do hereby
jointly and severally, to abstain from the use of all Intoxintelligence she brings us, in letters and pa- other,
icating leverages, or spirituous Drinks, including Wines, Ale,
pers, has greatly increased our interest in lteer and I'orter, during the space of time affixed to our several
signatures- For the faithful performance of which we pledge
your operations.
Y/ou probably have heard of the collision our honor.
between the Cliinese and the Allies at the
mouth of the Feiho, and the consequent failPOET'SCORNER.
ure to exchange the English and French
For the Friend.
treaties at Pekin. This untoward event took
Our Sea-Bench.
every one by surprise, and lor m time it was
felt that the position of foreigners in China
TO A VOt'NG FRIEND IN THE CITY.
was embarrassing and critical. This feeling
however, subsided as the wishes and plans What has this grand, curved beach to Bhow?
of the Chinese government became known; Slimy wharves, in the gun a glow?
and now it is tho generally received opinion Warehouses grim, in a dismal row,
that foreign interests in China will be ad- Stretching for weary miles ? No, no.
vanced rather than retarded by the unfortunate occurrence. The English and French Gracefully fringed it is, with trees
treaties are of course useless now, but new Nodding obeisance topvery bro" illC|
soab
treaties will certainly be formed with China Born on tho mouoV-^"'.l •*•
'"'«"
rA .«.i'•Dy u.ese nations, ar,i it is altogetherprobable
are
asleep,
the treaties to be formeu win bo jn advance Under the trees '•lle lagoons
jamb of the roaring deep.
of all previous treaties with China. Mean- Cnihlsou
while quietness and commercial activity pre- Into their cradle tlie wild waves peep.
vail at all the open ports ; and it is not likely Darling gem is each bright lagoon,
this state of things will be interrupted unless
Molten silver at fervid noon,
the allies should declare war against all Burnished mirror for evening's moon.
China. We are now waiting with great interest to learn what measures England and Birds on the smooth, packed sand are parading,
France will adopt in view of this unexpected Legs stripped bare, all'ready for wading,
and serious complication of their affairs in Or daintily poised, the foam-crest evading.
China. Many persons here think the whole
difficulty should be settled at Pekin, and that Hero is tho tablet the waves prepare
if coercive measures are necessary, they For ragged school artists, so burnt and bare,
should be confined to Pekin and its vicinity. With faces begrhnnied, and tangled hair.
There is much to be said in favor of this
And on this easel so smoothly Banded
policy, and I incline to the opinion that it Fleets
aro sketched by tho deftly handed—
the
Allies.
will be acted upon by
The missionaries at the open ports are dil- You would think the Royal Navy was stranded.
igently and courageously prosecuting their Queer little crabs aro making their tracks,
labors for the evangelization of the Chinese. With dinners robbed from their neighbors' sacks,
During the past few years the Gospel has And stolen houses upon their backs.
spread more rapidly among the Chinese than
ever before. A spirit of inquiry with refer- Here are mosses in rarest green
ence to Christianity has sprang up among And royal purple, tit for a queen,
the Chinese, the results of which are likely Which painters may envy in vain, I ween.
to prove far-reaching and permanently beneficial. Converts, too, in goodly numbers have And blue-eyed flowers, with faces bland,
been added to all the native churches, new All uDtended by human hand,
stations have been taken up, and the work Asking nothing but sunshine and sand.
is steadily extending into the interior of the Yonder aro snow-tipped mountains bold,
country. We regard the prospects of Christi- Always now, though a cyclo old,
anity in China as highly encouraging. God Full of fire as their sides can hold.
is manifestly preparing the way, the attentions of the nation is directed toward our Nearer at hand—no tongue can tell,
operations, auspicious omens cheer us, and The mighty magic of beauty's spell
we are praying for resources and faith to go That wakes our smiles, and tears as well.
up and possess theland. We are profoundly
beauties our beach can show,
impressed by our conception of the magnitude Rarest
As
bounding
along its crescent we go,
and urgency of the work before us, and we
Or
in
lost
thought we saunter slow
beg the people of God in all lands to pray for
not yet been told—no, no.
And
the
halfhas
Could
at
next
meetus.
annual
you not your
F. Coan, Hilo.
ing or conference of the pastors and missionLetter from China.
\
—
Association.
:
—
�THE F RIK ND ,FI IR I A RI, 1860.
14
I..iter from Rev.
E.
T.'^Doane.
[Concluded from page 11.]
We are not fully decided yet that in the
nominative singular, third person, there is
more than one form c, en being but a euphonic
change. And so in the nominative plural,
we are not satisfied that the three forms
are to be found. It is thought there may be
hut two, ir and re, ren being only a euphonic,
rhange. And perhaps there may he only one
f"rm for the nominative plural. Having this
r. r may be relied upon as the radical letter.
the rad•" o in the objective case, plural, It iswill
ical letter, and perhaps then there
only
be a euphonic change.
I would remnrk, I have made no remarks
upon the cases of the daal. All that has
been said of tho cases of the other persons
will in fact apply to the cases of it.
Upon the verb I would remnrk, in both dialects there is no inflection or termination to
designate its tense, number or person. To
ascertain these, other considerations must be
depended upon.
There are many features of the verb to the
student of these dialects deeply interesting.
I will, ns with the pronouns, first give paradigms of the verb of each dialect, and then
offer my remarks
:MOODS.
DOR.
Inilicntive.
Suitjunetiv V(n
Infinitive.
'
•
IMNAI'i:.
lii.liiafiv-.
j
SuhJanctiTe.
"eiTO'/-.'""live
Perbt.pl the Puteiui.
TENSE.
EBON.
I'renent,
nign—ja.
1
|
j
|
I'ONAPK.
\no fpeciat *igm f<>r
Imperfect J present sjr Istperfect
Perfect, tiarn' w.
Future, -* pan.
Present
Imperfect, *' kar.
ar.
Perfect,
aj.
Future,
EnuN—participle, present. | POSAM—participle, prtMDt
-on
/ fHuhh'l,
or mutative form of verb, sign—ka.
""
——
—
, -
roimpf
)
)
i»onape—"i
tj P**«/.
b
Po
°-"^
n'ap7:,
« reduplicative or InttmlUrc form tf vtrh.
l'
VCT"» ,ir
,i
«"-
The number and person must be remembered as the discourse runs on. An action
will be expressed, but who did it, or how many,
cannot be ascertained by anything attached
to the verb.
But the tense or the time of the action is
not quite so indefinite. In the Ponape verb
however, there is no special signs to mark the
present and imperfect tense. Either of these
may be indicated by the simple form, with or
without its directives. Usually, however, it
is done by some adverb of time, as ap, just
now—ma\, before, &c. In the Ebon verb,
tenses are distinctly marked as we have
given. Tho sign for the paesent tense
is ja, and the imperfect kar. These particles are usually used and always precede
the verb. It is not unfrequently the case
that the simple form of the verb is given, and
then the time must be distinguished by some
explanatory phrase. But usually these timeparticles are attached to the verb, and are
very definite.
The perfect tense of the Ebon verb has for
its sign ar; it is always used; it precedes the
verb.
This tense of the Ponape verb is characterized by the particle er, or erear, from which
er is supposed to be contracted.
This particle, the contracted form er, follows tha verb, while erear often precedes it
Some may choose to discard the perfect tense
of the Ponape verb, and call it, or those
forms to which er is attached, emphatic form
of the imperfect. But this tense formed with
er stands so closely related in idea to the
perfect of the Ebon verb, I have ventured to
give both, as if one was the equivalent of the
other.
A few remarks are needed upon tiie moods,
upon which I should have remarked before I
did upon the tenses.
The indicative mood is to be learned from
the tenor of the discourse.
The subjunctive in Ebon is indicated by
the particle elonge, if. In the Ponape, by me.
In Ebon, the imj er.itivc has no particle to
indicate it. In Ponape the particle en or un
is thought to designate this mood.
The infinitive of both languages is wanting
in anything to mark it. It might be learned
from the position of the verb in the sentence.
It may be questioned whether the potential
really belongs to either language. The auxiliaries, Un, can, Ponape, and maronge, can,
Ebon, may be referred to the indicative.
However, both dialects possess these auxiliaries, and it is a matter of mere choice where
they are placed.
Of the participle* only the present exists,
and there is nothing to distinguish it. Its
form is the simple form of the verb.
The hiphhil, or causative form of the verb
in both dialects, is a very interesting fact.
v
It is another marked feature >■'
'- "
two together, and t„„ "ajlta them both to
pn|,,„ r„;..
me use ot this form of the verb
is perhaps most frequent in the Ebon dialect.
All verbs, or with but few exceptions, will
readily prefix the causative particle. It is
not so frequent in the language of Ponape, though fhcre it is an important feature
of the verb.
The pihel, or reduplicative, or intensive
characteristic of the verb, is another interesting fact common to both languages. Perhaps
it may be a little premature to thus characterize this as njorm of the verb. This reduplication of the verb, may come from another
principle than its intensive character. Yet,
as a fact, both languages present us with this
interesting feature, namely, many of their
verbs reduplicate themselves; and it seems
to increase their power. Yet often the idea
is so little intensified, it seems hardly to meet
our rule. Longer study is required to test
this, especially on Ebon.
Verbal directives are beautiful features of
each dialect, and remarkably similar. The
principal directives of each are all easily referred to the same roots. La, from, and to,
towards, pertain to the Ponape dialect. Lok,
from, and thok, towards, to the Ebon language. These are most palpably from the
same radices. And there are others as closely
related. In both dialects these directives nre
suffixed to the verb.
'''
-
.""' -
_
KXAMFI.E.
<Kwon-i-thok, \ You
.
Khoti
v
.v
Mm ta ™. or ,h _]
Ponape- Ko-ko-to,
'« "*»•
)
,.
,
Kbon—— < Kwon-i-l)k,
l'onape- j Ko-k.,-la,
Pou *> <" ,rom hm
,
"_
And this is the nature of the relation, as I
have intimated, the directness of each dialect
hold to each other. Perhaps all may not be
so strikingly similar as the ones given above,
yet between many there is much unity. And
to the philological student these facts are not
a little interesting.
The facts I have thus far presented you of
the grammar of these dialects must suffice for
the present. There are some other features
of the languages, had I time, I should like to
present. In some respects, they more clearly
establish the fact I have often referred to, the
palpable unity of origin of the dialects, than
anything I have said. Perhaps another year
1 may refer to them.
The common origin of the tribes, or na-
tions, is, you know, not more certainly established by any evidence than by their languages. An eminent English writer on the
unity of races, speaking of languages, says:
" A reasonable philologist makes similarity
of language strong, very strong, prima facie
evidence in favor of community of descent.
When does it imply this, and when does
it merely denote commercial or social intercourse ? We can measure the phenomena of
language and exhibit the results numerically.
Thus the per centage of words common to
the languages may be, 1, 2, 3, 4, 98 and 99,
or any intermediate number. We ask now
what sort of words coincide, as well as how
many. When the names of such objects as
fire, water, sun moon, stars, hand, foot,
tongue, tooth, See., agree, we draw an inference quite different from one which arises out
of the precision of such words as enmti, fashion, quadrille, violin. Common sense distinguishes the words which are likely to be borrowed from one language into another, from
tl>o«ti M'bich were originally common to the
two."
Another author 01 in. wh celebrity has said:
"ofNothing could be inferred as to the relation
two languages from their agreement in owe
word,—that the odds are only three to two
against their casual agreement in two! but
that they rise so rapidly, that there are nearly
100,000 chances to one against their casual
agreement in eight."
With this view of the subject before us, as
the reflection of profound minds, what shall
we say of the relation of our two dialects as
growing out of the words only which I havo
given? If ei»ht words give 100,000chances
for them against the agreement of two languages, what shall we say of the table I have
furnished, when the words of both languages
are so numerous, and refer to almost all the
natural objects of life,—words that are the
last to be introduced through commerce or the
conqueror ?
But this evidence of a unity, I view to be
the weakest part of our argument, if one were
needed, to prove the identity of which we
speak. What shall we say of the whole
grammatical structure of the two languages,
with their nouns, possessing what inflectwn
they do ; the same with their mode of distinguishing their number and gender, all
alike ; with many of their numerals to be
refered to the same radices, and the mode of
enumeration strikingly similar; with the
paradigms of the pronouns almost a unity
with the verb, possessing the same number of
moods and tenses ; with its hip/Ml or causative, and piel or reduplicative, or intensive
form, with two, its directives, suffixed alike
to the verb, and many to be referred to the
same roots ? surely here is something more
original, looking farther back into the source
of things than any commercial origin, or the
like could account for. We borrow often (the
English I mean) words from the French, and
�THE FRIEND. FEBRUARY. 1860.
ADVERTISEMENTS.
so from the Latin, and so indeed from all the
European languages—but tbe grammar of
C. 11. I.KWKRS,
language is thelast to be adopted from foreign
lands. Tho vocables of a language may be l.urabe' and huildinir materials,Fort St. Honolulu. MM
borrowed as we borrow money, as we borrow
HAWAIIAN rLOIK COMPANY,
A. I'. KVEKKTT, Treasurer and Airent.
fashion, as we borrow any commodity which l"0-tf
may be viewed as external; but when do we
A. P. KVKKKTT,
borrow the laws which strike off, which imAUOTIOOTEBn,
the
with
commodities
M-tr
Honolulu, Oahu, 11. I.
press these foreign
great principles under which they are to be
J.
V, COIBtRN,
classed, by which to be used ? We may, for
•^TJOTIOX^XSETFt,
fashion,
word
instance, borrow the French
6"-tf
Kaalmmami street, Honolulu, O.iliu.
but it must take on an English inflexion, an
S. P. FOBD, M. I) ,
English dress, before it is at home, as fash- PHYSICIAN A N 1> S I? X U E O N.
is
familiar.
ion's fault. But this principle
Office Queen street, near Market.
Surely then we cannot but feel our dialects
C. 11. WETMOBB,
are sisters of one mother—have sprung from
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
HILO, HAWAII, S. I.
N. B.—Medicine Chests carefully replenished.
15
ADVER.TISEIvIEN'TS.
J. C.
D. C. H KIKK.
MKB.RILL
Hcßi ik Jc tIKRRIXI,,
('omiiiissioii Hmi.im.s
aictio\i:i;ks.
AOKNTS OK THE
Regular Dispatch l.im-nf Honolulu I'mlirl..
XT All freightarriving in transitu for th" Sojidirtch Islands,
will l>e received and forwarded by the "Regular Illspatih Una"
FREE OF OGMHBVOST.
Particuljir atliiitiun jiui'l to f»rwnrdin3 and transhipment of
morcliaitdiKe, sjili' of whalemen's bill*, umi other exchange, In*
surance of merchandise aiv<l ■MSls under open policies, supply
ing whaleships,chartering ships, etc.
4 3 and 4 5 California utrcrt.
RF.FKR TO :
Captain It. F. S"sow,
Messrs. C. BaawMs> CoA. P. KvmvTr. Esq.,
B. Pitman, Es«.,
120-tf
*
...
.
Honoluul.
a common source.
S
H|k>.
It may be questioned whether the four
great dialects of Greece had in their gramBOOKS AM) ISSTRI MF.XTS FOR THE
<;. P. JI'DD, M. I).,
mar more of a unity than is found in the
MARINER.
Ebon
and
of
of
tho
dialects
PHYSICIAN AND St'KtJEOS,
AT D. N. FLITNER'S Watch and Jewelry
grammars
J_\_ Establishment, in Kaahuiuatiu street, will bo
HONOLULU, OAHU, ft I.
Ponape.
the following works :
But this unity becomes most palpably evi- Office, corner of Kurt tad Merchant streets. Office found
Almanacks for 180*.
open from '.) A.. to 4
dentto the student of these dialects. Hemay
Merchant's,
Shipmaster's and Mechanic's Assistant.
draw out upon paper the skeleton of their
Laws of the Sea.
HOFFMANN,
E.
The Art of Suilmuking.
syntactical laws. And this skeleton may be PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
—aisostriking, may sufficiently convince any reaNew
oorner
of
KaahuStore,
Drug
Office in the
Sliip's Compasses and Dividers.
sonable philologist. But when one meets manu and Queen streets, Makee oi Authuu's Block.
ALSO
Mast-head Glasses ami Marine Telescopes.
with shades of forms of words too slight to be Open day and night.
—ALSO
similar
written, and when he is using daily
Chronometers and Chronometer Watches.
DR. J. MOTT SMITH,
idioms, he is convinced, if no one else, he is
—ALSO—
DENTIST.
each
English Charts of North and South Pacific.
to
STREETS
not using languages very strange
OFFICE, CORNER OF FORT AND HOTEL
— ——
other.
In coming to Ebon from Ponape, I supposed
I should not find many vocables alikebetween
the two dialects, and expected in this to have to
—ALSO—
HONOLULU, 11. I.
A great variety of other articles useful to ilie
Mariner.
—AND—
chas. r. GiriLLOir, M. n
Many ornamental articles, including Breast Pius,
Navy, QansasW Physician to sick
i>ate Surgeon t'nil'-il
&c.
&c,
Rings, Cups,
American NyW and |BJHBiml practitioner.
Particular attention given to repairing and rating
Office, corner Kaaliumanu and Merchant streets, and residence
,
learn a new language, but 1 must confess 1
at Or. VFood'l Mansion, Hotel slre-t.
was not a little surprised to find so many Medical and Surgical advice in English, French, Spanish, and
words alike, and such a oneness of grammar. OfficeItalian.
hours from 11 a. >i. to 2 r. *■; at other hourß inquire at
Ms
his residence.
I felt indeed the two to be twin sisters. In a
little hymn I wrote, one third of the words
A. P. EVERETT.
were the same as Ponape words, or could
COMMISSION MERCHANT,
Janlun's new block, Queen street, Honolulu, 11. I.
easily be referred to the same roots. Perhaps
not in every hymn just that relation of the
RKFF.RE.NOE3.
Boston.
Messrs. Fascpsox & Tarrix,
•
number of words would hold, yet there would
& Co.,
U.
Brioham
»»
E.
be many of a common stock.
BtTi.nß, Kfitb £ Hill,
•
" M-tf
" July
1, 1857.
Of the relationship ofother dialects, of this Honolulu,
of
these SHKRMAX FKCK.
to Strong's Island, of that to Ponape,
CHAS. BREWER, 2D.
all to the Kingsmill, and these all again to
C. BREWER it CO.,
Honolulu, Oahu, 11. I.
islands of the west of this, we know but little. Commission and Shipping Merchants,
KEFKK TO
With the Strong's Island and Kingsmill
jAMF.HIIrNSEWF.LI., Esq., I
Boston
brother missionaries, we have not yet been
ChARLF.S BREWKB, K«q.,j
MM**, Melt, KR & MKRRII.L, I
ga
l,co
there
is
but
Franc
able to compare notes. I think
CIIAH. Wot.COTT BSOOKS, BBX|., >
Hongkong.
Mmm*. W*. PBWAIi ft Ofc,
little question however of a close relationship
Manila.
MsssM, Hkele, Hiuiiell & Co.,
between this and Strong's Island, and so in168-tf
of
us. Perdeed of all the languages west
haps we shall not find the Kingsmill language
so similar. But of this we do not know,
AnBROTYPE <- LI,I,ERI
since it has not been compared with our other
UNDERSIGNED *"ul<l call the attkntion of
rflllE
dialects.
M. of his Frienile and the Puhlic to his Room*, over the
And of all western Micronesia we are •* Pacific Commercial Advertiser," l'rintiiip Office, (next to the
Post Office) where he in taking Pictures which, for elegance of
yet quite in the dark. The little light we style
and softness of tone, cannot l« excelled.
some
cheering.
From
Being in constantreceipt of New .Stock, Chemicals. tfce., he is
possess however is
to takePictures with all the latest improvement-..
prepared
island
lying on (ET Picture*
taken on Glass. Paper, Patent Leather, India
natives of Wulia—a coral
entire satisfaction.
and warranted to
of
our
field—l
obRubber,
tc.
verge
western
almost the
—The
Public
are invited to call ami examine specimens,
N H
W. f. HOWLAND Artist.
tained some words similar to those of Ebon jjo.tf
and Ponape. And we possess a few other
$800 REWARD !
facts of the same nature, which look as much
AT SEA, FROM BAKER'S OR
~. LOST,
like finding them a unity of dialects as an nefc
New Nantucket Island, on the 30th September, an iron
boat
ainl
an
ethnographical oneness of people.
irmi can buoy. When they went jidrift were
3Q£
-
-
"
.- - .
__
„
-
ROWLAND'S
Chronometers.
AMOS S. CO9K..
SAM'I. >'. CASTLK.
CASTI.K A- COOKK,
IMPORTERS AND WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
111 U.httS IN
GENERAL
MERCHANDISE,
At the old stand, corner of King and School streets,
near the large Stone Church. Also, at the Store
formerly ocoupied by C H. Nicholson, in King street,
opposite the Seamen's Chapel.
j3T Agents for Jayne's Medicines.
NAVIGATION
TAUGHT.
NAVIGATION,
in all its branches, taught by the
Subscriber. The writer likewise begs to intimate that he will give instruction to a limited
number of pupils in English reading and grammar,
geography, writing, aritlunatic, ic. Residence, cottage in Kukui street.
DANIEL SMITH.
Honolulu, March 20, 1857.
HARDWARE STORE.
ODD FELLOWS' BUILDING, ON FORT STREET,
OCRS of all kinds, Hinges, Screws, Tacks, R»_j tors, Cut and Wrought Nails, Spikes, Brads,
Files, Carpenters' Tools of all kinds, Pocket and
Sheath-Knives, Marlinspikes, Caitlking-Irons and
Mallets, and numerous other articles, for sale at the
lowest prices, by
W. N. LAUD.
(tf)
I'
.1. WORTH,
himself in business at Hilo,
Hawaii, is prepared to furnish ships with
Recruits, on favorable terms for Cash, Goods or Bills
HAVING
cj.tiiblished
onthe United States.
B,
PITMAN,
DKAI.K.II IN
GENERAL
MERCHANDISE, AND
HAWAIIAN PRODUCE.
In good order, marked in while paint, "AmericanOuano C0.,"
Yours truly,
and In black paint the name of the makers, Secor A; Co., NovBYRON'S BAY, HILO, HAWAII, & L
elty Iron Works, New York." They probably floatsd toward
All Store* required by whale ships and others,
the westward, and may be fallen in with by whalers. Who
OILMAN A CO,,
ever wilt deliver the above in a usable condition shall be re* supplied on reasonable terms, and at the shortest
warded as follows i For the boat, $900, if deliveredat Baku's notice.
,
Ship Chandlers and General Agents,
Island, or $600 at Honolulu; for the buoy {200, at Baker's, or
W ANTED-—a»»»b*Bge on toe United Bute*, sad
LAHAINA, MAUI, S. L
Q- P- JCDD,
$100 at UoooHiki.
2,186A.
Europe.
Supctkrtcadios AatsqA Am. Qutoo Co.
r».ouj
Snips wpplied witti Recruits, Storage and Money.
E. T. Doane.
•
_
""*•
�THE FRIEND, FEBRUARY,
16
MARINE JOURNAL.
PORT OF HONOLULU, S. I.
Jan. fl—Am hark Comet, Smith, 20 days fm San Francisco via
11,10
B—Am bark Zoe, Hush, 103 days from New London, with
corlhand mdse tv <'. A. Williams & Co.
12—Am missionary Mft Morning Star, ISrown, 36 days
from Kbon.
13—Am ship Amethyst, Studley, I*l days from New Hed- |
ford, with merchandise to l. S. Wilcox & Co.
lit day* fm BssVi Wand.
16—Am >rtfl JnttThtm.rtl
10—Kuss stt-am corvftt.' Uynda. Andrcef, (flax-ship of!
Admiral P-nx-IT) 15 <la>» from Bu FmnclMO.
115—Russ steam crvett.- Nuvick, IVdoiosky, 15 days from I
San Francisco.
17—Am hark Yankee, Lovclt, 13 days from San FrnncUcn,
with mdsc to D. C. Waterman A- Co.
17—Am nrljr Consort, Kingston, 40 (lays, fa Pott Madison,
W. T., with lumber to C. A. «V "■ F. Poor.
,
Di:r
\ it
1860.
The 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851
RaroßT or Bkioantinb " Mornisq Stir."—Spoken between
McAiky.'nand Strong's Islaml, Oct. 2, ship Hope, GitTonl, of
N. 8., from Japan, had seen but one whale in 15 months, took
nothing, bound East and for New Zealand. Brig Sarah Ann,
of Sydney, at Apaiang Dec. 1,re|>ortH ofT Pitt's Island, Aug. 13,
whaleship E. Corning, Botch, ot N. 11 400 ■»] al>oat Simpaon's Ulead, Oet Li. wbaieel ip Zone, Freeer, at v. n,:;oOsp,
MO wh, bad Joef talehed bolHng—ai veil. Capt Freaat .»j-|n»rts the IdM of schooner Culm, fonmtrr d at Bee. and carried
her crew to Tahiti. Hawaiian id M 11/"mmette, (formerly of
the Srr.rttn) LFoee, 32 dajl horn Honolulu, arrived at Ppß on
the oth, and left tor Aaeenaioa on the 7th Dec—all waft, orr
Ascension, Oct. 11, brig Progfwtvt Agt, fron Shanghae, for
Sydney. Briganiine (luwtotti Brrtoaoo, of llamhurg, W. two
men at Bboa to ooUeot oil, March SB) WM at Apaiim: verysoon altar | was expected bank at Bboa i»y Aug. 1; had not
of
b. in heard from up to Dec. 7 | Wai bound North oiling. At
Ebon, May \\\, Murg re. Scott, Cleaveland, fn in N. /., 700
ap,
proas,
with
for Bonto an.l Japan. Sept. H, forty large
wh, 00
700 native^,saih-d from Kbon for .laluiO. In 1*57.a lafgf ettek
of Oregon pine (a saw-log) came on MM*, at Strong's Island,
having the luiiibetman's mark, but cmpl'tely wormed. Two
caiuws drifted to McAskyl's, two at Wellington*, fiveattitrong's,
Mtirch oth awi Mb
Ship Ametiyst, Studley—Sailed from New Bedford 16th
August; had moderate weather to the aqnatori waatad in
leagitudc SI z M w., on 28tb September, after which bad fair
weather, with oasaalonal teles, while an the other side of Cap.:
of
Horn. On the 15th Oct., WM in company wtthaoUpeef iMp
Hail brisk |aIM and fmiuent heavy lejeAUa offCape Horn M.W full
several ships, two of which were steering westward. Fran
thence to the equator, hud moderate weailier. Crossed again
in long, lift* :;,') \V., on 2vth Dec. Had fair weather from
at
thence to Honolulu.
exj>erienced
Brig Contort, Khigatoa—Reports having
very
bad weather all the paaaagadowii to this port. Was hove to
in a litavv gale for eight days, between the parallels of 30 3 and
27 * and'lung. 130° W., ironi 2Mb Dec. lo Sd Jan. Had the
wind veering in the gale fata, S. toS.S.W., with a very heavy
actual Thes
,
for Fanning* Islaml.
Dee. 30—Haw sch Marilda, Ilooiier
30—Am brig Agate, Lawton, f"r McKean's Islaml.
31—Am Me Frances Palmer, Paty, f«.r San Francisco.
31—Am wh sh lievi Starbuck, .Jertiegaii. to cruise.
31—Am clipper sh Black Sea, Cat, for AVw Bedford.
Jan. I—Am1—Am wh sh Harrison, Dennis, to onds*.
I—Am clipper sh Darinp. Sinmnton, for Jarvis Ulaud.
2—Am sh ueiriiM. Woods, for China.
3—Russian wh sh Gro?rer Herg, Knberg, tn emit**.
3—Russian wh sh Amoor, JWichelson, la cruise.
3—Flawbk Vernon, Candage, for l*ahaina.
4_jVew Qren. bript. Jenny l>\ Bonedtet, fcr Tahiti.
4_Brit bark Sea Nymph, Williams, f«-r Vancouver's Is.
11—Am wh ship Arctic, Phillips, to cruise.
16—Peruvian bark Jose fa Allymi, Golan, for China.
22—Russian steamer PUstoon, Admiral Papoff. tor Tahiti.
22—Russian steam corvette Uynda, Andreef, for Tahiti.
22—Russian steam corvette Noviek, Fedorosky, for Tahiti.
22—Am sch Far West, Porter, for baker's Island.
24—Am hark Comet, Smith, for San Francisco.
25—Am brig Co.isort, Kingston, for Port Madison, W. T.
MEMORANDA.
■
;
•
Comerc
24 52 73 44 70 51 71 87 99 41 60 74
672.0149
of
the
TO
74 63 98 81 35 20
G
7
=
67 10 08
VCOMPAIRETW
1859,
,
■ea.
Schooner Laura M, Mnngum, of Gloucester, has been sold to
Capt Wm. C. Haydcn, a. Nantucket, for $5000 cash. She is to
be taken to Nantucket, where she will be coppered, and undergo
a few other repairs, to be employed as a government packet to
run between the Sandwich I>lands and the main. She is to bf
commanded by Capt. Hayden.— Y. I'. ShippingLixt.
O* Ship Harriet if Jrs*ir, which has been loading coal at
Kli/.abethport, for San Francisco, sprang a laak acd was conserpiently obliged to go to New York for repairs. She will discharge her cargo, and goon the balance dock.—X. V.Ship. List.
Bark li'iltic, of New Bedford, 3M tone, has been sold for
$5,500, and will be employed in the freighting business.
Arri.tiln at Jnrvia Inlniiil.
Sept. 22—Swift, Worth, 'JO months oat, HOO sperm—bound West
cruising.
9—Hiawatha, Ellis, 3 years out, 1000 sperm—bound to
Baker's Island.
;
19—Ionia,Russell, from Coast Chile, 17 months nut. 550
very
as
the
Falkland
Islands
had
one
;
sperm, laid at the buoy ana weak—bound West.
moderateweather as far
20—Ocean Express, Willis, 14 days from Honolulu, came
heavy gale off theRiver Plate. Started a Irak, and had 0 ksstp
iin
diately to the lamy.
both pumps constantly going. Put into the Falkland. 7th Oct., Nov. 7—Saratoga*. Shcum, from Honolulu.
B—(hris. Mitchell, Manchester, 13 days from Honolulu.
sncceded in stopping the leak, and Bailed again on the 19th.
10—Mary, Jenks, from Honolulu.
Had continual heavy gales off the Horn, from N.N.W., for -5
17—Flyiiv Dragon, Watson, 10 days from Honolulu;
■lays i was driven as far south as 60 ° 30 ■, from thenrc to Honobrought him to the buoy, gave him two can buoys,
lulu, had ordinary weather. Spoke no vessels during the entire
and tailed again in 21 hours from arrival, for
Baker's Island.
passage. The following vessels had put back in distressinto
22 —Josephine, Stone, 7 rinys from Honolulu.
the Falkland Islands i
Thompson, Childa, from Honolulu, got a whale
23—Win.
Danish bark i>Nmfxrfc,from Liverpool to Pan Francisco ; had
one day fmm Honolulu.
been 30 days off the Horn, with heavy gales ; had lost rSavta
Ocean Express, now loading, tins 1025 tons, will sail Dec- 10.
with 2266 tons guano.
BaJtCKL & Wilder.
and Bails, and put back for repairs.
Hamburg bark Alliance, bound to Valparaiso, was 20 days
off the Horn, and hail lost epars and sails. Had on board the
MARRIED.
master and crew of the Hamburg ship Aar, abandoned oft* Cape
nearly
the
Uhinchas.
She
was
cargo
from
guano
with
of
Horn,
In Honolulu, .lanuary SB, l>y Key. S. C. Damon, J. M. Locknew, being only four years old.
English bark Jane lloyd, was 30 days off Cape Horn had man, to llitf Makv Kirn; Kni.ki.kv.
In Honolulu, January 83d, by Key. S. C. Damon, Astonk
lost rudder, and had her deck swept; put into Falklands for
Rooem to Kai.iki.
„
repairs.
,
On the 10th January, 1860, at the Bethel, Honolulu, by the
American Bhip Ellen E. Miller, Capt. Sweeney, from New Key.
S. C Damon, according to the rite* of Hie Episcopal
York, bound to San Francisco, was lost some time in August;
DmOAM Mißrydk, Esq., of Wailua Falls, Kauai, and
had been 40 days off Cape Horn, lost rudder and spare, and Church,
formerly
of Argyleshire, Scotland, to Miss Elizabeth Amelia
and
but
arrived,
badly,
started
fur
the
Falkland*,
leaking very
of Pontyponl, Monmouthshire, England, niece of Capt.
UoxlKT,
had to beach the ship to save the cargo.
Geo.
of this city.
Luce,
for
San
Francisco,
Ruttell,
ehlp
from
New
York
American
was 20 days off the Horn ; put back to the Falkland* for repairs i
Total
Cape
off
East
Falkland..
August,
Pembroke,
was loßt In
DIED.
loss—crew saved.
The Zoe saw an English ship, name unknown, In distress,
gwnrs—ln Honolulu, Dec. 31. of neuralgia, Henry K. Swope,
going into the Falkland* as she left.
On the ISth October, an English ship under jurymasts, show- aged about 36, a native of Pennsylvania.
ing signals ofdistress, and firing guns, was observed from the
Focsiikk— In Honolulu. Jan. 15, French 0. Polishes, I'rlnler,
harbor it was blowing so hard, no assistance couldbe rendered. a native ofRichmond, Virginia, but for many years a it".."lent
The next morning she was not In sight.
of this city, aged about 3J years. [California |»apers please
The Inhabitants of the Falkland Islands say they never before copy.]
experienced so rough and disastrous a season.
Iludoe—At Beaver Creek, Oregon, Sept. 23, or water on the
Blanche, fifth daughter of (leo. A.and Klizalietli Illidge,
Rirosr or Bbiointisb " Josxrßixi."—Left Honolulu Nov. brain,
formerly of Honolulu, aged 3 years and 6 months.
15,arrived at Jarvla Island 22d, sevendays passage ; found the
Wood—ln this city, on the 19th Inst., afteralingcringlliness,
ship Ocean Exvreea loading, with 1600 tons on board ; she at her residence, S.ibah W , wife of .1. 11. Wood, Esq. Mrs.
wouldsail about the 10thDec. for Hampton Roads. Whaling Wood was born in Salem, Mass. By particular request of the
she was hurled in the garden of her own premises.
bark Pacific, Howland, of N. 8., touched at JsrvisIslandNov. deceased,
Pabkkk—ln Ilamakua, Hawaii, Jan. 10, H.riiKi., wife of J.
36, clean, bound for N. Z. Left JsrvisIsland Nov. 30, touched P. Parker, Esq. Mrs. Parker had lieei: married ft rlylhrce
at McKean's IslandDec. », found all well, and no vessel there. years, and had three children, twenty-two grandchildren, and
Arrived at Baker's Island7th, ship Fining Dragon receiving one great-grandchild.
Allen or Dorr—At C. S. Hospital, Honolulu, January 1,
cargo, and ship Joiiah Bradltt lying off and on. The wharf
William Dorr, belonging to South Sutton,
carried away by a heavy westerly27.surf. Dec. 21, ran CharlesAllen alias
had beanRowland's
Island, and returned
l ; found all well Mass. He was discharged from the Ji'eft Perry.
down to
charge
whaleshlp
Hospital. Honolulu, January 18, Charles
of
two
men.
Deo.
MonWilson—At
U.
8.
21.
than i island In
treal passed Baker's Island, steering west i 2Mb, ship Hibernta Wilson, an Englishman. He belonged to the Virginia, wrecked
last
fromHonolulu,
left
1869
Baker's Island, and subsequently served
touched,
letters,
In
papers.
upon
summerof
Edwards,
it
Honolulu Dec. 28 ; had heavy squalls and easterly on board the Jneephine.
Bailed forduring
passage;
days.
made
the
run
20
Lat.
In
Hospital.
the
Martis—At
8.
Honolulu, Jan. 18, Sullivan 11.
I"
weather
o« N., long. I*6° saw one whsloshlp and one hark, both Martin, belonging to some part of Mains—either in Portland or
Poland.
steering R.W.
Rrport of bnrlt '/.<»..
Bark 2oi, Capt. Bush, left New London 28:h July had
1,823 68
Or
House 301,62509, 18 26 ,819 279, 3174536,52 309,82 257, 109281,59 274,029274, 107 160,27483, 03 529, 6027*6 8, 75 EXPORTD. PRODITK DOMESTIC Sandwich
spring
-,
11 ki>.
T~~= the
1852 1853 1864 185 186 1867 1858 1859 TIAl.j
numberfgiiguvree* 598,3 2710,138605,618729,839 1,035 8 759,86 1,40 975 1, 908371, 83169 ,15 2 1, 30 65 1,0891560, 8 IMPORTS. T. AL
86'
ISjnS the
number 86 ,7562 4,2 630 ,37047 ,845783,052 691,23 49638, 95 472,9 6*358 ,12 07 ,824 645, 2678 ,082$981, 29 EXPORTS. TAL
whalers
duringCui-tom
;
Oct.
I|PK AKI>nlad*,
fami ntries 43' 03'94J
wsea.n, halers 62,325 5 ,2083 ,5 1 198,12046,529 381,402 381, 42 19 ,3971 .09 297,859 204,5 2 ,2 257,1 5 $302,754 EXPORTD. rM Ol r(l.»< NU for
Til :
wil various 48, 01 12 ,5061 0,6 2 1 3,0 1 5 ,650152,1 5 140,7 1 6, §8132,1 9 .TS oM
TO AL PACIF
not ports 56,506 5 ,508
R
E
C
I
P
T
S
.
8
3
,
2
1
3
2
1
2
3
,
7
1
5
H
O
C
8
B
exce d —some
~ T" Team,
1770, 79 91 11 21
00 53|
74 07 55 07 72 55 51 66 97 82 88 91 97 OG
r
158,4903 176,30:28
2,51386470
|
Fourten
I
104,8692317,490 17 5,391656,48 12 , 94 2 ,46 156,3 0 Sperm.OilS. COMERIAL. from
the
O
I
L
*
N
n
a
840
ves ls
O
l
U
.
W
h
a
l
e
.
3
,
3
4
8
1
,
4
3
6
8
1
0
,
1
5
7
9
1
,
0
3
1
7
5
1
,
8
2
7
8
9
0
,
3
7
9
1
.
G
8
3
9
2
ent ring
T
R
A
S
H
.
|
P
K
D
1850,
L
b
s
.
2
,
0
,
2
'
.
B
o
n
e
.
1
,
4
7
9
6
8
3
,
1
5
9
1
!
1
,
0
7
4
9
2
9
0
1
,
6
0
1
1
,
9
5
2
0
;
1
,
4
7
1
2
0
8
7
2
,
9
5
4
thre ,
givng
four
■
m
a
n
I
M
U
A
NATIONALl.J the
ami
180469 146 211 154 123 115 139 No.
ev n
90,304 87,920 23561,0 5 59,451 125475,18,304 2, 13 26,817 45,875 241 Ton'ge. ," La.„,E"AEKC'S*T Totals
five
ports
64 25 94 73 19
58
250. of
at
1
.
I
!
03 23 37
I
I
,
!
E
ADVKRTISE.J
1
to
17 4 6 12 12 7 3 7 16 13 9 10 10 5
i;
i
i
65 71 90
;
during
the
I
82
VE
59
3t-"-
L3.
H
~.
1
for
167 254 274 237 220 519* 535* 525* 468* 3G6* 387* 526* 649* RIKS ~„
MnER each
WHALES. ENTRIS
j
!
N
t
;
I
j
'
j
I
'■
:
;
I
year. 6,491 3,271 3,4 35,717 8,2529,50 14,15018,12317,537 18,318 14,7 9 16,14 14,637 14,158
i
CONSUMED. SPIRTS galons
Free-will Offerings.
i
Tenr.
FOR OUATTITOrS DISTRIM TION OF THE "FRIEND."
•>jq
h. Friend
Dr. Hoffman
5
tCcT. T. Coin
5
Hi. Burns, laU 3<1 officer of tin*
J,
FOR SUPPORT OF THE BETHEL.
Friend
Honey refunded by Dr. Oulick, of Ascension
dr. White
t bra*. Bolster
I. W. Smith
sjq
2fl
]j
6
j
PASSENGERS.
For Faxsiitu's Ljiand—per Marilda, Deo 30—II English
Thos Wheeler.
For Ban Francisco—per Frances Palmer. Dec 31—Mrs L P
Beatty, C Schanck, E A Chapell, L Page, Cbas Luts, Sir and
Mrs Spooner and 2 children, J Hessinger, Joseph gilva, B J
Fisher, Mr Oueroult, Capt Homont, John Smith, Chaa Hunt,
B F Bulterftcld, S Silverstone, Mr and Mrs 8 Lmthrop.
From San FitaNCQCo—per Comet, Jan. 6—O N Tholk, wlf»
and child, Miss Hart, A Perduar, Wm Black. I Hamilton, A
Sprodowsky, N J Bean, E Coqul. Loft at Hllo—B Pitman,
wifeand 2 children.
For Sax Framcisco—per Comet, Jan 23—J D Blair, Mrs Wm
Paty, E Frlck, W F Ladd, R H Robinson, Joaea Romelo, John
Smith, Cayetave Royes, Perduae Aguste Louis, John Hamilton
H T Fitch.
Foa Baku's Island—per Far West. Jsn 23—Captain X C
Ston..
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Friend (1860)
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The Friend - 1860.02.01 - Newspaper