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WAIALUA STATION REPORTS
J.S. Emerson........... ........................... 1833
Unsigned (Emerson)............... .................. 1834
J.S. Emerson........................................ 1835
J.S. Emerson............... ................ ....... 1836
J.s. Emerson ........................... ............ 1837
J.S. Emerson . . . . . . . . . . . ................... .1838
J.S. Emerson . .............. ........................1839
J.S. Emerson . . . . . . . . .
.......................... .1840
J.S. Emerson
..............................1841
. Unsigned (Emerson)......... ........................1842
A.B. Smith. .......................................... 1843
Unsigned (Edwin Locke)..............................1843
E.W. Clark and W.P. Alexander (cert. of J.S.E.’s account)1843
Unsigned (A.B. Smith) ............ ............... .....1844
Unsigned (Wilcox) . . .
............................. 1846
* Unsigned (Emerson) ................................... 1848
Unsigned ("Gulick's Report") . . . . . ............... .1848
Unsigned (“Report of P.J. Gulick") ................... 1849
J.S. Emerson . ............................. ......... 1849
P.J. Gulic k ............. ............ ............. 1851
J.S. Emerson . . . ................... ........... . . 1851
J.S. Emerson ........................... . ........... 1852
Unsigned (J.S. Emerson) (Abstract) ......... . . . . . 1852
P.J. Gulick ................................... ..... 1853
J.S. Emerson ............................. .......... 1853
J.S. Emerson............... ........................ 1854
Unsigned (“Report of P.J. Gulick")............. ..... 1854
P.J. Gulick (Letter to General Meeting)
............. 1855
J.S. Emerson . . ..................................... 1855
Unsigned (Emerson) ....................... .......... 1856
J.S. Emerson....... ................ . . ........... .1857
J.S. Emerson ("Brief Report") ....................... .1860
J.S. Emerson (Abstract) ................................. 1861
J.S. Emerson (Abstract for Waeanae /sic/) W a i a n a e 1861
Unsigned (Emerson) (Report for Waianae)
........... ..1862
Unsigned (Emerson) W aialu a . ................ ......... 1862
Unsigned (Emerson) . ........................... ..... 1863
Unsigned (Emerson) (Report for Waianae)............... .1863
Unsigned (Emerson) Wai a l u a ....................... ... 1865
* 1847 report, in form of letter to Chamberlain
from Emerson has been added. Includes statistics.
�Report of the Station at Waialua Oahu for 1832-3
The Station at W. was commenced in July of the last year.
Mrs.
Emerson & myself were conveyed to our station in a native vessel, we
|
arrived at W . in less than 24 hours from Honolulu.
Mr. Clarke ( !)
& family of the Honolulu station, went across the Island to Waialua
the week before, with the intention of spending a few months at W.
with us, at least till we might become some what acquainted with the
language.
Shortly after our arrival two native houses were erected
gratuitously by the people for our accommodation on a healthy spot
near a good spring of water -
The climate at this station is some
what cooler than at Honolulu, the thermometer in the cooler season
is often down to sixty & a few times as low as 58 in the morning;
perhaps averaging 65
in the morning & 78
or 80
at noon -
This
is probably 5 degrees cooler than at Honolulu Mr. Clarkes family remained with us. five months, untill the
11 th of Decr , himself also being there nearly all of the time & per
forming the publick ( !) duties of the station -
The missionary work
performed during the year has been preaching the gospel, teaching &
superintending schools, distributing native books & administering
medicine to the sick Preaching the Gospel -
Mr. C. commenced with preaching two
sermons on the Sabbath one in the morning & the other in the evening,
with an intermediate exercise which consisted of the explanation of
the seven verses for the week prayer &c - beside these he lectured
on Wednesday & attended a bible class on thursday -
these exercises
have been continued through the year, except the bible class on
thursday
this has been discontinued -
Two station schools have been continued with but little inter
ruption through the year & a third one for about four months -
The
�2.
first, is a school for male teachers which commenced with 70 or 80
teachers.
This was continued with one sett ( !) of scholars during
4 1/2 months by Mr. C. & myself -
the branches taught were reading,
writing geography & Arithmetiek.
This school has been continued
the remainder of the year with an other sett of teach ers.
Mrs. C .
commenced a school of 30 or forty female teachers in which she
taught reading, Geog. & arithmetick -
This school has been continued
the remainder of the year by Mrs. Emerson -
And for the last four
months Mrs. E. has had a select school of about 40 children.
school promises more than either of our schools for adults.
This
A sing
ing school has also been kept up at our station a good part of the
year The number of people connected with Waialua Station is acording (! )
to the Geography Belong to the schools
Readers -- — ------Marriages ----------
7,400
5,000
1,600
76
Nearly all the readers & multitudes who can not read are reported
as getting the seven verses for the week -
The Sabbath School for
adults of Waialua varies from 250 to 600 -
The sabbath school for
children which Mrs. Emerson superintends varies from 80 to 100
scholars As to the moral & religious condition of the people at W.
nothing very encouraging can be mentioned -
A respectful attention
at least is paid to the missionary & to the gospel.
has varied from 600 to 1500 or 2000.
The congregation
For a number of months at first
it gradually diminished but for a few months past it has considerably
increased.
There is no chch. yet formed at W. - there are 6 or 7 members
of the Chch. at Honolulu dwelling there; & perhaps there are 20 other
persons who give as good evidence of piety as could reasonably be
�Waialua 1833
required for admission to the chch.
The influence of the chch.
members at this station has been obviously very good; & so also has
been that of a very considerable number of teachers -
While nearly
all the people of Waienae ( !) & several lands up Kolau ( !) have
turned back to drunkn ess ( !), gambling, adultery, & idleness, not a
land has revolted where the teacher dwelt with the people & stood
firm on the side of the truth -
This shows that the moral influence
of good native teachers is not small The preaching of the gospel on the sabbath has been confined
to the Meeting house at Waialua & the people who attend are generally
from the more immediate vicinity of the chch. although a few attend
regularly from the distance of 8 or 10 miles -
The remote parts of
the field have been visited twice during the year; the schools ex
amined & the gospel preached to the people; beside this occasional
lectures have been preached at some distance from the station -
these
lectures have always tended to increase the congregation on the sab
bath -
In one instance a lecture was preached in a neighbourhood,
where but 9 came to the adult sabbath school the sabbath before but
the sabbath after there were 40 from that neighbourhood in the school
& at least that number at chch.
In another instance the increase of
attendance on the sabbath occasioned by a lecture during the week was
from 10 to 30.
From these circumstances I feel encouraged to hope
that if the gospel could be carried out into the remote vilages ( !)
from week to week, it would tend greatly to promote the attendance
upon the means of grace on the sabbath Want of another labourer -
This necessity does not arise so
much from the multitude of the people in the field; (although there
are eight thousand, at least 3 times as many as one missionary can
�Waialua 1833
influence to any extent, located as they are, in vilages along a
coast of 60 miles in extent.)
But the necessity of an additional
labourer arises more from the location of the field, its comparative
importance & the distance of the Missionary family from any other
field -
We at Waialua are 30 miles from Honolulu by land, & some
times we can not go to H. by land because of a large rain which may
have swelled the stream to make it impassable even by natives, for
two or three days -
The access to H. from Waialua by sea is not so
easy or so short as from Lahaina to H .
1-1/2 to 3 or 4 days.
The former occupying from
This circumstance renders it very desirable that
one family should not without imperious necessity be left at this
distance from any other Missionary family -
Again 1500 of the people
are located at Waienae a distance of 20 or 30 miles from Waialua,
a place inaccessable except on foot, but very much needing the
frequent visits of the Missionary The people at Waialua have made frequent calls for books & med
icine & wish frequent conversation with the missionary -
If one
missionary must be doctor, book seller, teacher, preacher &c for all
this people - he will stand in great danger of loosing ( !) his health,
if nothing worse - & what is perhaps worse he will be in danger of
loosing all habits of study & close mental exertion.
I hope therefore
not to be left long without an associate.
Waialua May 1833
J . S. Emerson
�Report of the Waialua Station for June 1834.
In returning from the general meeting last June the station at
Waialua presented but a cheerless aspect.
The meeting house which
it was hoped would be nearly or quite finished stood as It was left
in May, the frame only put up.
The teachers, who had been expected
to build them houses & prepare a spot of kalo ground from which to
procure their food while attending the station school, had done
nothing to either.
And what was still worse, schools had ceased to
have the name of existence, & about 1/3 of the teachers with a still
larger proportion of the people had apparently given themselves up to
drunkness ( !) & idleness & to commit all manner of uncleanness with
greediness.
Some time however in the month of July that portion of
the teachers who had not altogether forsaken us were collected to
gether, & a school of about fifty male teachers with 10 or 15 promis
ing young men was commenced, making in all upwards of 60 scholars.
This school continued some what prosperous with but little interrup
tion for five months.
During the same period Mrs. E. instructed two
schools of about 40 scholars each one for adult females, who had been
teachers, & the other for children who could read
our schools were
continued from two to three hours four days in the week.
In addition
to her other schools Mrs. E. taught a sewing school for twenty female
for three months 2 afternoons in the week -
In this sewing school
were made about 200 shirts & pantaloons for which the women obtained
as compensation each a calico or cotton gown -
We had also a singing
school once & sometimes twice each week, with about 20 or 25 scholars
Our schools were all closed about the middle of November with an
examination & suspended for the rest of the year for the want of a
school house, our school house being that which was built for Mr.
Clarkes ( !) dwelling house, & which it became necessary to use as a
�Waialua 1834
2.
work-shop.
In the month of Septr our new meeting house was finished, &
dedicated, at which time also a Church was organized consisting of
16 members, 5 of whom were from the Honolulu Church & the remaining
eleven were recd by examination -
The exercises of that occasion
were protracted for 6 six successive days including the the ( !)
sabbath
Mr. Bingham was present & preached daily
were also held morning & evening -
praymeetings ( !)
the remainder of the time being
principally occupied in conversation with candidates for chch. member
ship & others -
Although I am not able to state any instances of
hopeful conversion as the result of this occasion, yet I am confident
that the good influence of it has not ceased to the present time.
The congregation has been larger since than before & some have
appeared at least more interested in the concerns of religion than
before -
(?)
We have had communion seasons also in Decr & in March, at
the latter of which our chch. recd an accession of five members Mr. Clarke was present at the two last communions & aided in the
examination of the candidates as Mr. B. also did at the organization
of the Chch.
Our religious exercises have been during the year, on Sabbath
morning a sermon, at midday a rehearsal of the 7 verses for the week
together with questions & explanations of the same, & towards evening
an exposition of a few verses of scripture with practical remarks
on the same.
I commenced with the year at the Epistle to the Romans
& take the book in course.
On Wednesday we also have an expository
lecture following at the present the order of Judsons & Union ques
tions, we are now in the2
d
Vol.
On friday P.M. is a recapitulation
of the Wednesday lecture with questions in the form of a Bible class.
At all our publick religious exercises except on sabbath morning, all
�Waialua 1834
3.
the congregation who have the New Test. bring it, & all together turn
with the teacher to the passages of Scrip. that are quoted for illus
tration -
from this practice some have become quite expert in turn
ing over the pages of their Bibles.
In addition to these meetings for all there is also a kind of
moral society of perhaps 200 members which I meet every monday month
ly concert days only excepted.
This society recite the Ninau-hoike
hear explanations & answer questions on the same.
Our morning service on the sabbath varies in point of numbers
from 600 to 1000 & our number at the Ai o ka la from 350 to 600, at
one time a few months since nearly 700 were present at Waialua -
A
few also meet on the Sabbath at a few places up Koolau to recite the
Ai o ka la - but the number is quite small Mrs. E. has also had a sabbath school during the year of from
60 to 100 children -
she also meets the female members of the chch
usually on tuesday afternoons in a prayer meeting.
Her sabbath school has been much increased in numbers & in in
terest by the little one page tracts with cuts - which are given
scholars as a reward for attendance
each of these tracts has been
committed to memory by all the scholars in addition to other exercises.
As to the general affairs of the station; it will be recollected
that the Waialua station embraces all the west & N.W. portions of the
Island, commencing with Waianae & extending round to Kaawa on the
Koolau side a distance on the shore of not far from 60 miles.
It
embraces in territory not far from 1/2 the land on the Island, & a
population probably of nearly 9 thousand people.
During the year past
nothing has been done for Waianae; I have not visited the district
because of the difficulty of access to the place from Waialua, in
part; but more especially from the assurance I had from others that
there was no hope of benefitting that people at present by merely an
�Waialua 183
4
.
occasional visit.
.
4.
The chief of that district has twice during the
year encamped for nearly a week at a time within a few rods of us,
drank her rum & carried on in her own style.
We have at four differ
ent times invited her to tea but she has never yet deigned to show us
her head. -
The people of that district have no schools of late &
wish for none -
They say that when their chief forsakes her sins they
will theirs & not before.
The people of Koolau have apparently divided themselves off into
two parties, the one of which is for order the other for confusion
latter however being much the larger of the two.
the
The former class
are many of them occasional attendants at meeting at Waialua; perhaps
there are 100; 30 or 40 of whom come a distance of 20 miles or more
as often as every third sabbath.
Of the disorderly party, the major
ity are as inaccessible to the Missionary as wild goats.
On a visit
up Koolau some eight weeks since I found whole vilages almost entirely
deserted, the inhabitants concealed among the grass & rocks for no
other reason than that I had appointed a meeting & invited them to
attend.
In one instance a vilage of 50 or more people were all dis
persed, nothing but a single pig tied to a post & a few loose ones
were apparently left behind.
The district of Waialua is perhaps under as good management
so far as the influence of the chiefs is concerned as any part of the
Island.
Adultery, theft, rum-drinking, sabbath-breaking, & sorcery are
crimes, which are punished by the Chief; penalty - several weeks hard
labour; or banishment from the district.
In consequence of this law
some 30 or 40 persons have left the district during the year; & 100
or more better characters have moved into the district.
Here I would mention a few facts in proof that the residence of
a Missionary at Waialua has not made the people lazy & negligent of
their lands -
Within the last 12 or thirteen months there have
�5.
Waialua 1834
been carried from the Waialua district to The Chief at Honolulu 4
vessel loads of Poe, fish & hogs, there has been an other vessel
load given to the King & his company & about a sixth vessel load
was provided for the Princess & her train -
There have also been
paid two money taxes amounting in all to not less than 1100 or 1200
dollars; a vessel has been refitted at an expense of at least 1200
dollars which is paid for -
144 dollars have also been paid for the
purchase of a bell; & not less than 4000 or 5000 kapas have been fur
nished for the chiefs -
This has all been done within the space of
12 or 13 months & I might add that not less than two or 3 acres of
also been been ( !) dug anew & planted -
The year
t of provisions & money paid over to the chiefs was
less than half this amount.
There have also been erected not less
than 30 new native houses within 1/4 of a mile of the Church, most of
them built by persons who have moved in from other districts who have
moved in to enjoy the privileges of the gospel & the protection of
good & wholesome laws As to schools taught by natives we have had none during the year
& of course have had no examinations as an examination without a
school would be but a farce.
In the month of April last however we
did collect together the readers for a general examination of them.
464 only attended 357 of whom were from the district of Waialua &
the remaining 107 from Koolau, one only from the district of W aianae Last year there were more than twice as many at the general examina
tion.
There have been but 29 marriages at the station during the past
year -
the year previous there were 76 -
of course cases of adultery
have been during the last year in comparison with the year before not
far from that proportion inverted that 76 the past year to 29 the
�Waialua 1834
6.
year before, i.e. nearly 3 cases the past year to one the year before
The desirableness of other labours in this field will of course
be mentioned in an other connection (Unsigned, J.S. Emerson)
�Report of the Waialua Station for the year ending June 1st 1835.
On returning from the last general meeting we found the meeting
house filled with people for three or four successive sabbaths; &
felt at first a little rejoiced to see it.
But soon learned the cause
of their returning to the house of God to be, the threat of a high
fine in case of absence from publick worship on the sabbath.
The
threat was soon removed, & the house almost as thin as ever.
Two schools were collected & commenced the last of July, one of
about 120 children, the other of about 50 men formerly teachers with
the exception of a few.
About 100 in the childrens school were ig
norant of the alphabet.
For a few months at first the school was
entirely under my care, & was taught as far as circumstances would
admit on an infant school plan.
The scholars made good proficiency so
long as I instructed them; the school also increased in numbers &
interest, & fully satisfied me that a system of infant school in
struction can be commenced carried on & made as successful at Waialua
as in Boston or any where else.
For the want of other accommodations our schools were taught in
the meeting-house untill the last of Septr when a new school-house was
finished into which a part of the scholars of the childre
n s-school
4
were removed -
The division thus occasioned rather diminished the
number of attendants although the school was sustained with a good
degree of interest untill the close of the first term, of four months,
when both the schools were suspended for 2 weeks.
The Second term continued 5 months untill the first of May - schools
not quite so full as the first term, but more progress was made in
knowledge especially in the school of adults -
During this term Mrs.
E. has had a school of about 60 young women & also a singing school,
�Waialua 1835
the former 4 & the latter 2 days each week -
There have been no
schools taught by natives during the past year except those under
my daily supervision, untill within the past 3 or 4 months.
Since
then a few schools have been taught one morning each week; & one or
two schools for children have been taught 3 or 4 mornings in the week.
As to improvements -
We have finished a decent doby school
house - very near our own door, the walls of which were laid up be
fore the last meeting -
The house is rather coarsely fitted up with
seats & benches & has a few glass windows.
far from 36 dollars -
It cost the Mission not
One other school house has been built In native
style; beyond this improvement in respect to school houses has con
sisted entirely in pulling down some of those which ought not to
stand The gospel has been preached, during the year, as usual at the
station, on the sabbaths, on Wednesdays & fridays.
A children’s
sabbath-school embracing about 150 children has been kept up by Mrs.
E. during the year & attended with interest by the children -
Mrs.
E. has also had a weekly meeting attended by the female members of
the church During the year I have made 2 visits up Koolau & preached the gos
pel from vilage to vilage days; & the latter 8 days.
The first time I was absent from home 3
The congregations were all small; & those
who wished to be on the side of truth, appeared much disheartened.
Have visited Waianae once in company with B r . Smith & formally
ceded that district to him so that any account of the people will
rather come into his report than mine.
We have held at Waialua one protracted meeting which commenced
March 25th & continued 5 days including the Sabbath -
The meeting
was commenced with quite too small a degree of preparation both on
�Waialua 1835
3*
the part of the pastor & the people; yet we trust that the influences
of God’s Spirit were imparted in some degree to give efficacy to His
Word spoken by the brethren, who visited us.
Brethren Tinker & Smith
were present during the meeting except that Br. S. left on Saturday
noon.
As to the results of the meeting it is much easier to speak in
general terms, than to say who were benefitted or to say confidently
that any souls were converted during or since the meeting.
There were however some evidences of the presence of God’s
Spirit -
The ears of many were opened, some appeared to have some
correct views of their own hearts - & a few of the church members
appeared to have their hope shaken -
These impressions were obviously
deepened by the meeting held two weeks later at Ewa, which was atten
ded by 40 or 50 of those from Waialua who appeared the most interest
ed in the meeting at Waialua, & we trust that both church members and
others have been benefitted.
To give an instance of the influence of the meeting on a church
member.
Shortly after our return from Ewa, I called on Laanui, one
of the earliest converts to the Xn faith in the Islands, with the
enquiry, if he could not consistently with his health dispense with
the use of tobacco.
He replied that tobacco was of no advantage to
his health; but if he should leave off the use of it, what then?
It would not secure his salvation, & of that he at present had no
hope.
He said he had been trying to examine his heart, & to give
himself unreservedly to the Saviour, but that he found himself full
of sin, there was no forsaking it; his heart was wedded to it; & so
he despaired of salvation.
also appears more happy.
Laanui has since abandoned his tobacco, he
This confession coming from a chief & a
chch. member strengthened me much in the belief that God's word had
�W
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1
8
3
5
taken some effect at that time.
As to general improvements at the Station; there has (been) a
gradual advance in a variety of respects - some of the houses have
been improved in neatness, some few have been built in a better style;
& not less than 2 miles of good doby fence has been erected for the
security of cultivated lands.
Last month we commenced a monthly concert contribution; the
avails of which for the present are to be devoted to the improvement
of schools & school-houses among ourselves -
The first contribution
amounted to about $20.
N one have been recd to our church during the year; but there have
been 2 deaths of chch. members, leaving our present number in the
chch. but 19.
Number of marriages during the year 62 - last year, but 27.
Total number of births in the district of Waialua alone during
the past 10 months 37, deaths 115. deaths of children 45
69 -
of adults
Such is the account as kept by Laanui & with considerable care
yet it may not be perfectly correct.
Total number of readers present at our last hoike 925.
This
shows more nearly the interest felt in schools than it does the
actual number of readers.
J.S. Emerson
�Report of the Waialua Station,
May, 1836.
We returned last year from our annual meeting, a few days before
its close; our voyage was 18 hours from Honolulu by sea. -
Shortly
after our return, we were engage(d) in our accustomed labours Our station schools have been conducted with perhaps more appar
ent improvement, on the part of the pupils, during the past, than any
preceding year of our residence at the station -
This has been owing
in part to a more minute division of classes; & in part to the im
proved qualification of the teachers.
We have in person spent less time in teaching during this than
any preceding year, but have spent more time in superintendance of
schools.
Mrs. E. has been some what hindered from labour in schools
by ill helath ( !) - & I have had part of the time other & extra en
gagements I have attended three protracted meetings of a week each - made
three preaching tours up Koolau, & made a visit of 7 or 8 days with
my family at Honolulu & Ewa (!).
A number of weeks have also been
spent in writing the Ai o ka la - & a considerable of time in trans
lating it.
(The translation made at Mr. Chamberlains request, or
suggestion, has been forwarded by him to the Rooms in Boston -)
I
have also spent part of a week on an elementary primer, which is now
in use among the children.
These various little engagements, connected with ordinary labours,
have helped much to increase the rapid flight of the year.
Our school for adult teachers continued about 10 months, em
braced on an average 40 scholars; about 10 of whom have been through
or nearly through the second part of the Helunaau, besides attending
to Geography some-what & also to the Hoike Holoholona -
Four of this
number are expecting to enter the High School this summer -
�Waialua 1836
Our children’s schools, under our superintendance at Kawailoa,
embrace upwards of 100 children & a few adult females -
these schools
are under our weekly & sometimes daily inspection, yet taught by 5
men to whom we have given some compensation -
In these schools, 30
have learned to read, during the year, & many others have mad(
e ) some
progress in Geog. Arithmetick & the knowledge of Animals.
These are all the schools there have been In the district of
Waialua during the year, excepting perhaps a school of a few month(s)
at Mananui, for children -
In the district of Koolau I have paid a
teacher in part for 4 or 5 months labour at Waimea, where there has
been no school for years -
There has also been a some what success
ful teacher at Pupukea, also at Puumaluu, also at Kahuku, & Haula ( !),
but on the great majority of lands up Koolau, as well as at Waialua,
there has no child learned to read for two years or more The following is the list of readers at our last Hoiki which
took place the first of the present month
Readers from Koolau
453 ) total readers
"
from Waialua
459 )
Total number of children who have learned to
read during the past year
Persons familiar with the multiplication table
Marriages during the year
Births in the District of Waialua only,
deaths in
”
decrease of population
912
70
151
71
24
67
43 (2 deaths
to one birth)
As to the births & deaths, probably all have not been reported but
in all cases where the deaths have been reported the births have
also been — -Persons recd into the church the past year are 3
two by profession & on(e) by letter
Whole number recd 24 died two dismissed to other churches, one
Present number of chch. members 21
Stand propounded for admission nine -
�Waialua 1836
3.
Mrs. E. has taught a singing school for adults a part of the year,
& also a singing school for children - she has also held meetings
with the females once & some times twice per week - she also taught
a school for adult females a few months only During the year I have expended for school in all $150.00
beside many b ooks given away
Expended in cloth as compensation to teachers - In cloth & money for building a school house,
plastering & glazing it, & flooring & seating one
apartment sufficient to accommodate 20 writers . .
Total expended for schools
34.89
112.31
147.20
One of the three protracted meetings alluded to above, was held
at Waialua on the last of March last; & continued for seven days The house was filled five times per day by persons who heard with
apparent interest.
About one thousand of those present were strangers,
from other stations, so that but a few comparitively ( !), from Waialua
were present during the regular services.
Yet some of those who did
attend we think were deeply interested in the truth.
have been savingly benefited.
A few we hope
The apparent excitement among the
people of this Station was much greater at a period of one two &
three weeks after the close of the meeting than at any time during
its progress.
Our congregation on the Sabbath & at all other meet
ings has very much increased -
Our number at morning prayer meetings,
which we hold daily at sunrise, is now about 200; it was formerly
from 50 to 100 Among those, who have been hopefully benefitted by the protracted
meeting, are two boys one perhaps 16 or 17 years old & the other not
more than 8 or 9.
A number of other children, both male & female,
have been evidently more or less awakened to a sense of sin.
In view
of what we have seen, we feel deeply condemned for the little faith
we have exercised in relation to the early conversion of native
�Waialua 1836
4.
children, & the feeble efforts made to that end.
Quite a number of the yeouth ( !), who have come to us to confess
their sins & ask counsel, have said that they have often heard the
word of God & trembled under it, but, when they returned to their
homes, they soon mingled with the thoughtless, & forgot what they
had heard.
But lately the word of God had followed them, & they did
not now want to forget it.
Not only have our meetings been filled up in consequence of the
protracted meeting, but our schools have been more punctually attended,
than for a long time before.
Gould we have a teacher to commence at
the present time a boarding School at our station I think we should
find no difficulty in obtaining as many bright & interesting children
as would be desired to enter it, on terms as promising as could be
expected The following is an estimate of property at the Waialua station
belonging to the Am. Board One house for mission family
Two houses for native families
One school house - - - - - - - - Sugar mill & boiler
Meat cattle, two cows & two calves
Carpenters & Joiners tools
Total
Furniture
Native books in the depository
do
do
do
do
$
150
100
100
Cost Pres value
$
1,000
1,000
100
100
112
90
90
25
50
50 .
50
1,467 [2!]
1,340
50
50
1,427
Ike\mua
Oihana
Skeleton maps
& Nothing more worth naming
As to books sold during the year I have kept no account except
of Testaments slates & Newspapers.
I have charged out about
200 testaments
50 slates &
100 Newspapers most of which will in
�Waialua 1836
5.
due time be paid in to Mr. Chamberlain in lumber fire-wood &c I have given away no books during the year except to a few
teachers & some very small children & a few invalids - & yet the
demand for books has never been greater than the last few months
I could sell I presume 500 more testaments, in a week for mater
ials, that would cost the natives more than a dollar/ for each testa
ment J.S. Emerson
�Waialua Station Report for May 1837.
The past year with us at Waialua, has been a short one, yet
replete with mercies -
Our health has been generally good, & that
of our little ones, for which unfeigned gratitude is due to our kind
Preserver.
Health of the natives has been as good as usual; there
has not been to my knowledge any prevailing epidemick among them, &
had no record been kept at the station
a very healthy time.
I should have pronounced it
But from a record of births & deaths kept by
Laanui, I find the following results
Station Wailua Births Deaths of Deaths of Young Old Old
Total
population 2400________Children young men women men women_______
For the year
1836
For the first
3 months of
1837
34
32
10
8
8
10
10
3
14
5
24
3
90
29
From this table the deaths of Children under 14 or 15 years of age
appear to average the number of births - thus making a generation of
men in that district but 14 or 15 years - & all the deaths of indi
viduals beyond that age to be a diminution of the population -
And
yet Waialua for aught I know is about as healthy as any station on
the Islands.
Labours -
In entering upon the labours of the past year our
childrens schools received our first attention.
Of these we then had
but two of any efficiency besides the one at the station; & all of
them some what diminished in interest & in numbers during our ab
sence at the general meeting.
During the year we have added 7 to the
number of our childrens schools, - so that we have at the present
time ten schools for children, that have more or less efficiency These are scattered along a coast of 40 miles or more -
Our teachers,
who are engaged in instructing these schools, have been obtained by
�2.
Waialua 1837
breaking up the station school for teachers, which had been attended
by the same individuals about one half of the time for four years Our efforts at the station have also been mainly for the children So that our efforts, & those of the teachers in our employ, have been
specially directed to the children.
There have also been schools for
adults attended by a few, one half day per week; but of such schools
little of course can be expected, & as their teachers generally know
but little more than the scholars, little need be said of them.
As to the childrens schools, the one at the station has averaged
perhaps 120 scholars, whole number during the year not less than 160 This school I have superintended & instructed three hours a day, for
the first seven months of the year, assisted by teachers raised up
at the station; & since the first of Septr last we have also had a
graduate of the High School, who has been good help & has done well.
The past three months the School has been wholly in his care, as
protracted meetings & labours resulting from them have made too
large a demand upon my time & strength to admit of any attention
to the school except to communicate to them religious instruction.
At our station school, have been taught reading writing,
Colborns mental Arith. & part of the Sequel Geography, punctuation &
the sounds of the foreign letters.
(There are at the Station two
boys of about 14 years of age that I think would do honour to them
selves & to the High-School, if they may be permitted to enter this
summer .)
Of the schools taught by native teachers, I can conscienciously
say that some of the teachers have done themselves much credit both
in collecting & keeping to gether their scholars & also in hastening
them forward in the art of reading &c.
In one school at Kahuku a number have made very commendable
�Waialua 1837
3.
progress in Arith. & Geog.
equally well.
Another at Haula ( !) has done almost
In one school, at Punaluu, commenced about 9 months
since with rising 70 scholars, none of whom could read, about one
half of them now read respectably; & quite a number are familiar with
the multiplication table.
At Mokulaia ( !) there was but one youth a year since who could
read, & this notwithstanding they had had a school, as they said, for
the children - but for two years or more n o one had learned to read;
& there was no fair prospect that any one would learn, under the
instruction then enjoyed.
When our teacher from Lahaina arrived, I visited that people
proposing to send them the teacher who had formerly assisted me in
the station school.
er.
About 20 persons expressed a desire for a teach
The question was then asked who will furnish him food -
head men soon engaged to do that.
his house?
The
The next question was where was
One was soon pointed out for him -
A subscription was
then raised to purchase him clothing & also for his tax money; &
in the end enough was subscribed by a poor & ignorant people to make
the native teacher & his family comfortable a good part of the year That teacher has now been labouring with a school of 72 children
all regular attendants for seven months past - about 40 of those
children have now become readers & several have made very considerable
progress in Geog. & Arithmetiek.
On the whole I think that although
I have done less than usual in communicating instruction in schools;
yet from the improved qualification of the teachers more has been
accomplished In the instruction of children than in any previous year
since the station was taken -
�4.
Waialua 1837
Time of the
Examination
learned to Total of
Readers in Familiar with
the mult . table read since children
School
last exam.
August 1836
271
167
70
601
Nov. 1836
284
213
91
619
Feb. 1837
238
150
30
647
213
191
Total
250
average
Adult
Headers
623
average
Probable number of children at the
station of a suitable age to attend
school 1000 or more
Preaching of the Gospel.
The ordinary exercises on the Sabbath have been two sermons one sabbath school for children, & an other for adults.
Beside this
there has been a weekly lecture on Wednesday at the station & occa
sional lectures on thursday & friday in remote vilages.
A morning
prayer-meeting has also been attended at the station most of the year
comm( en )cing at or before sunrise; & has been to me one of the most
profitable & encouraging meetings I have attended. The ordinary con
gregation on the sabbath has been 1000 or more in the morning & nearly
the same number in the afternoon Childrens sabbath school has been attended in the morning by
from 200 to 400 children; adult sabbath school in the afternoon by
from 400 to 1000.
Sabbath Schools are also conducted by native
teachers in the district of Koolau, in 4 different places & attended
ordinarily by 200 or 300 children.
Besides making three tours in the district of Koolau for the
purpose of preaching & examining schools, I have spent four weeks of
the past year in protracted meetings, held at each of the stations.
These seasons have been very profitable to myself & to those of our
�Waialua 1837
5.
people, who attended.
The protracted meeting at Waialua commenced
oh the 7th of March -
Brethren Bishop
the meeting -
Parker & Smith assisted in
The season was to us & to our people deeply interest
ing; & as we trust has been productive of results of infinite value
to several immortal souls.
We have been thronged for weeks with
those, who appear to be more or less deeply affected with divine
truth; & of some we have pleasing evidence, that they have been born
of the Spirit.
Among those who appear to be truely ( !) converted I
am happy to number the teacher obtained from the High School.
Perhaps
I am deceived in him, yet my hopes are much raised on his account.
There is a great apparent change in the appearance of many; &
some who gave as I thought rather doubtful evidence of piety shortly
after the protracted meeting a year since, now appear to be obviously
on the Lords side; although they still refer to that period as the
time, when they turned to the Lord.
The evident presence of the Spirit with us during the meeting
& since to the time of our leaving them, & the great change apparent
in the lives & conversation of a few lead me to feel, that protracted
meetings, judiciously, & prayerfully conducted are a very desirable
means of grace among this people; whose minds as they often say are
like a sieve; truth & impressions are easily lost -
They behold their
natural fare, but soon forget unless they look & look often & for a
long time At our last general meeting 8 individuals stood propounded for
the chch.
These were all recd in August; & at the present time 10
more stand propounded for admission -
�6
Waialua 1837
Station
1836-7
Waialua
The last
year
Marriages
Whole no. ad. to
chch. on examination
Whole no. on certif.
Recommended to
other chch.
Died
Susp ended
Excommunicated
Now in good standing
Ad. on ex. the past
year
Ad. on certif.
Excom.
Candidates
Suspended
died
Children b ap
Total bap. child.
Bap. children died
46
27
6
1
2
0
0
24
8
0
0
10
0
0
10
34
4
The number of marriages as will be obvious is very small.
is I can not decide -
.
Why this
It has been repeatedly stated to me, that Some
of the head men forbid women to marry men of another land, unless the
man will come & live with the woman -
But that this is the fact in
many cases I can not certify.
Deaths of baptized children are fewer than of unbaptized children This fact speaks loudly as to the reason for the great mortality among
native childrens
Miscellaneous labours
The Ai o ka la, which was assigned me last general meeting,
was written & prepared in due season.
The printing of it might have
been commenced in October, had there been paper on which to print it.
Beside the Ai o ka la, the Kumumua has been revised & enlarged in
size Improvements
During the year past, a number of patches of road have been
made, which considerably facilitate our access to some remote parts
of the station & to Waianae.
The pali between Waialua & Waianae,
which formerly rendered the latter place inaccessible from Waialua
�W a ia lu a 1 8 3 7
7.
except on foot, has been so improved that a horse can be rode up &
down it without difficulty.
The time now necessary to be occupied
in travelling from Waialua to Waianae is not more than 4 or 5 hours,
on horseback.
There have also been three pieces of road made between Waialua
& the station at Kaneohe, which are valuable in facilitating the
journey between the two stations.
The whole distance which is 40
miles or more can now be passed over in 8 or 9 hours, or less if
need be.
Hat making from the native palm leaf has been carried on.
Buildings
During the past year we have put up a good doby house
41 feet by 21 with three rooms two of which are lathed & plastered
but without floor & will furnish a tolerably comfortable accommodation
for a family for a number of years.
The location of a teacher & su-
perintendant of schools at the station, I am happy to say need not
necessarily incur any very material expense in building for a number
of years.
School house -
The Chief & people are now sensible of the necessity
of building a school house for the teacher who may be located there They have by individual subscription secured the dobies & all the
timbers necessary for the roof & window & door frames; & last monday
a subscription was raised to defray the expense of the glass, benches,
floor &c.
We hope by means of contributions thus raised, with but
very little help from funds of the Board, to secure a large well
finished & permanent school house.
Laanui has engaged to furnish
the glass; & is much interested in the project.
There is, at the
present time, a good preparation at Waialua for a teacher to commence
the instruction & superintendance of schools under circumstances
highly advantagious ( !).
There have been 5 native school houses
built in different parts of the station the past year.
�Waialua 1837
8
Desirableness of a Missionary in the district of Koolau.
From Kahuku to Kaawa is a distance of about 15 or 16 miles, &
contains a population of rising 2,000 souls; & so easy of access that
their doors can all be passed in less than two hours on horseback.
One half or more of this population live within 1/2 hours ride on
horse back or canoe each way from the centre, which would be Haula,
a thickly settled & pleasant place; where there is a comfortable
harbour for small vessels.
The people are anxious for a missionary.
1526 persons have made
a formal petition for a missionary to dwell among them.
There are advantages connected with this station, that would be
enjoyed in few others.
The location would be central between the station at Waialua &
that at Kaneohe, about 20 miles from each.
2
The expense to support it would be small.
As a vessel must be
anually chartered to carry supplies to the station at Kaneohe, it
may touch at Haula & land supplies or take in articles of freight
without necessarily incurring a
3
days detention -
The missionary would have his people near him, & could see them all,
often & easily.
4
The land is all or nearly so under chiefs who are favourable to
our cause & members of the chch. at Honolulu.
5
There is, at the present, time, a very favour(able) state of feel
ing among the people & could a missionary be located among them - I
should hope that he would soon reap a harvest of souls.
If this pe
tition can not be granted now I hope that it will be before long.
As to Mrs. E's labours.
When we returned from the last general
meeting she resumed her labours in two singing schools - one for
children & the other for adults — in each of which she spent a part
�Waialua 1837
9.
of two afternoons every week for 5 months -
She has also held a
weekly meeting with the female members of the chch; & a meeting every
alternate week with the mothers -
The Childrens' sabbath School has
also been mainly under her care As to the expenses incurred
the station - I will just mention
that native articles of food, such as kalo, potatoes, pork & fish,
( !)
bananas &c have never since the first year of our residense at the
station cost any thing to the A. Board.
the land given by the chief.
They have been raised on
fish is often given as a present.
J.S. Emerson
�Report of Waialua Station for 1838.
The past year has been one of much labour at this station additional strength has called for enlarged plans & new modes of
operation, so that none of us find occasion to say that we have not
had enough to do.
(Locke)
The labours in the schools have mainly devolved on Mr. L. &
also the care of building the school-house &c -
Since the first few
months I have not assisted at all in the childrens schools - except
as I have attended the examination & assisted in them -
I have
however taught a class of 15 or 20 in Chch. history one hour per day
for four or five months, previous to our protracted meetings.
The morning prayer meeting has been attended by myself about
2/5 of the year -
that meeting was suspended except 2 mornings in
the week for 4 or 5 months previous to January & the school in Chch.
History occupied the same hour.
Besid(e) the morning prayer meeting
I have held lectures out in different parts of the field as I have
had opportunity.
to the station.
Preaching on the sabbath has been mainly confined
I however spent four sabbaths at Laie while the
pulpit at Waialua was supplied by Bro. Bingham in Aug. & Sept. from
whom & his family we enjoyed a pleasant visit of four weeks.
Extra efforts.
We have had since January three protracted meetings within the
boundaries of the station -
one of six days at Waialua - attended
by Brethren Bishop, Smith & Parker, - one of five days at Laie at
tended by Bro. Tinker & myself - & one of five days at Kahana where
I was assisted by Chch. members only.
The results of these meetings
have been interesting; deeply so to to ( !) myself & to the people.
Some hundreds I trust have turned to the Lord; but how many time
or eternity must show.
The work of the Lord however has by no means
�Waialua 1838
2
been confined to these meetings, some date their conversion at one
period, & at an other through almost every month in the year.
Some of all ages, & in every section the districts belonging to
the station appear to he subjects of grace -
The last meeting at
Kahana has appeared to be more marked & general in its effects than
any previous one I have attended - & many with whom I have conversed
appear well The number recd to the chch. the past year is 127, most of whom
experienced a change of heart previous to our last anual ( !) meeting
but a few of them since the protracted meeting in January -
166
are now propounded for Chch. membership & perhaps a few more will be
before our next communion.
We feel that the Lord has wrought a great
work for this people, & while we give him praise, we feel that the
multitudes yet in the gall of bitterness call for our unceasing
efforts, & prayers.
The following are the statistics of the Chch. & marriages.
Marriages from May 1, 1837
to May 15, 1838
-- ------------------64
Total recd to C h c h . -- - - - ------ -----159
Red past year
- - - - - - - - - - - - 127
Recd by certifficate past year - - - - - - 3
Cut o f f ------ --- ------- - - - - - - 1
Suspended - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
Restored - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
Total died - - - - - - - - - - - - —
- 3
died past year - -------1
Total children baptized - - - - - - - - - 120
Candidates for chch. membership - - - - 166
Children baptized the past year - - - 86
Our people are apparently increasing in their desire to do good
as they increase in their efforts to become so -
The(y) have made
some contributions of kapas for the High School, also 100 or 120 in
cash at the mo. concert besides building the school house by voluntary
effort.
What they have done is much, considering the fact that they
have not been accustomed to give, & that what they give is in almost
�Waialua 1838
3.
every instance their own hard earnings & not the fruit of other
men’s industry.
Waialua
May 15, 1838
J.S. Emerson
Mr. L. will make the rem. of the report -
�Report of the Waialua Station for the
year ending May 1st 1839.
The station at Waialua has now been occupied seven years; each
successive year of which period has furnished new & increasing occa
sion for thanks-giving & praise to God.
The families have indeed been
visited with some sickness at the station, yet our chastisements have
been fewer & much less severe than our offences -
Our people too
have been visited with an unusual degree of sickness, especially
during the past few months, & deaths have been rather numerous.
Yet while God has thus afflicted, while many have gone down to the
grave, & in most instances unprepared as we have feared, others,
dead in trespasses & sins, have been awaked to newness of life.
While justice has been executed upon some, grace hath much
more abounded toward others.
The common routine of labours has been carried on at the sta
tion with but little interruption either from sickness in our families,
or absence from our field.
The word of God has been repeatedly preached in all the vilages
of any magnitude in this division of the Island, & to some extent
from house to house.
I have been repeatedly through the district
of Koolau & once to Waianae, preaching from vilage to vilage.
Meet
ings at the station have been uniformly attended three times and the
sabbath, besides the sabbath School & bible class;
Meetings have
also been held on Wednesday afternoon & for about 2/3 of the year,
morning meetings have been attended every morning, the other th ird
of the year, they have been attended on sabbath & monday mornings.
The Sabbath school & bible class or ai o ka la have been conducted
most of the year by Mr. Locke alone, who has also made repeated ex
cursions to Koolau & other parts of the field to conduct religious
meetings.
�Waialua
183 9
2
Protracted meetings.
Of these there have been six within the
limits of the field since the first of May last.
One of 5 days at
Kahana, an other at Kahuku also at Waianae in June, in Sept. one at
Waimea, in Decr one a t Haula & in Feb one at the station -
All these
meetings except the last named, were about 5 days in duration & con
ducted entirely by the missionary & native assistants; the meeting
at the station in February was conducted by the assistance of Br.
Smith & the members at the station.
These meetings were all attended
& followed with obvious manifestations of divine power; numbers who
are now giving pleasing evidence of piety refer to one or the other
of these meetings & to the efforts that followed them as the period
of their spiritual birth-day.
Indeed I think there has not been a
month, or more than one during the year that has not been referred to
by numbers as the period when they gave their hearts to the Lord.
The past has been a year of salvation to many of our people.
Attendance on publick worship has generally been good; better than
during any year previous; - some times 1800 or 2000 present; but
ordinarily from 1200 to 1500.
Marriages the past year have been fewer than any year except one since
the station was taken, only 47 in all.
Births in 1838
of the whole.
64, Deaths 143 - decrease of population 79, or 1/50
Births & deaths are not taken for all the population,
(two or three lands failed to report,) but for a population of about
4,500 or perhaps 5,000.
Recd to the chch the past year 202 from the world
”
"
"
3 by certificate
Total recd during the year
205
In the chch. before
156
Total rec to the chch from
the first
361 )
361
Died the past year 1 - in all
4 )
Dismissed to other chchs
)
26
past year 7 in all 11 )
Excommunicated the past
)
year for adultery
5 )
"
for lying & fraud
2 )
Now suspended - - - - - 4 )
chch.
___________________________________
33 5 Now in good standing in the
�Waialua
1839
3.
Children baptised the past year 142 - in all 258
children baptized as persons recd to the chch.
Only 4/5 as many
Some adopted chil
dren included among the baptized - children of chch. members given
to those out of the chch - not baptized.
Benevolent contributions.
Our people have contributed during the year in cash & cash articles.
$ cts
For the erection of the 2d Honolulu chch
84.00
For the High School - - - perhaps - 20.00
For Support of Native teachers
125.00
For foreign missions - - - - - - 25.00
For purchase of a bell-in part
year before
100.00
For support in part of their pastor
62.00
Total about
416.00
There are now propounded fo r the chch. 203 individuals, &
some others give more or less evidence of piety.
All who have been
recd to the chch. were first conversed with privately & often times
under circumstances best calculated as I supposed to bring out the
true feelings of the heart & prevent the possibility of one person’s
listening to the story of an other so as to copy it -
The candidates
for chch-membership have also generally been named to the chch.
several days previous to their being publickly propounded before the
congregation — & during this interim any chch. member having aught
against either of the contemplated candidates might come to me pri
vately & enter his complaint, in which case the contemplated candidate
would be dropped off of the list if the complaint was found on
enquiry to be worthy of special notice.
In this way many sins that
would otherwise have been concealed have been brought out, & confusion
in the chch. anticipated.
But with all my care I have not been able
to prevent some few unworthy guests from creeping into the chch.
motto on this subject is go forward, but make haste slowly -
(So
long as I am a local preacher & my congregation local, I see no
My
�Waialua
1839
4
reason why I should baptize converts at once as they did on the day
of pentacost, as Philip did the Eunuch, or as Paul did in a few
cases, even allowing that I have as good descernment of spirits as
they, unless it be that baptism is a saving ordinance Mrs. E. has had a singing school one or two evenings per week
about half of the year There is also a maternal association conducted by the ladies
together which promises good to the native mothers meets every alternate week -
This association
One thing that angers ( !) well in re
spect to our children is that their vices are becoming more tangible
& better understood than formerly - of course there Is more hope of
applying successfully the remedy to the disease.
Report respecting schools will be read by Mr. Locke.
Respectfully Submitted - J.S. Emerson
�Report of Waialua Station
(1840)
In reviewing the events of the past year the missionaries at the
Waialua Station feel much occasion for gratitude & much for humility; for gratitude that our health has been in general good, & that we
have been enabled to do some thing with a design to glorify God &
save men, although what we may seem to have accomplished is far less
than in some previous years.
We feel occasion for humility, that we
have done so little, that our good intentions of service have been
so often apparently frustrated, & that on the whole there has so
little of which we can speak with confidence (been) accomplished in
the advancement of the Redeemer’s kingdom.
Some of our time perhaps
far too much has been spent in looking on to watch the motions of
providence; & perhaps in waiting for a favourable oportunity ( !) to do
some thing, which should have been done without waiting.
During the year there have been among the people connected with
the station, (a few lands not included in the estimate) 56 births &
185 deaths, & 58 marriages.
Whole no. recd to chch
Reed past year
Whole no. removed
Removed past year
Total deaths
deaths past year
Total cut off
Cut off last year
Total transferred to other Chchs
do past year
Now in the chch.
Children baptized
Baptized the past year
Suspended from chch.
533
207
59
40
8
4
33
30
18
6
474
378
102
12
There have be(en) 1/3 as many children baptized as there are adults
in the church, many however of these are adopted children.
We have had no protracted meetings during the year within the
limits of the station; partly owing to unexpected delay in erecting
a house of worship in the Koolau district where a meeting was con-
�Waialua
1840
2.
templated, & partly to a famine in some parts of the district.
At the station there have been a succession of events that
rendered a protracted meeting unadvisable.
1.
There was a panic occasioned by the turning of many to the
Catholicks, that quite unfitted the people to profit by a meeting.
2.
The people have been scattered much of the time trying to col
lect mony ( !) to pay up arrearages in their taxes.
3.
The discipline of a few chch. members, whose avarice, cupidity
& head strong passions have had a peculiar chance for developement ( !),
occasioned some talk & perhaps a little surprise that great charac
ters were subject to the discipline of the church.
These & like cir
cumstances seemed to render extra means of grace ill timed & forced
at any period during the year.
The state of the church is somewhat different from what it has
ever been in former years.
The numbers in the church have tended to
some extent to diminish the idea of individual responsibility.
There is less prayerfulness than at some former times -
Some also
who were supposed as standing at the door of the church but were not
admitted & neither were likely to be, went over to the Catholicks
because they could not get into the chch.
Some were led to wander
after the beast, whose worship they had formerly regarded as idolatry;
& others gazed & wondered what would be the result of those things,
who ought to have gone directly to the throne of grace.
There has one individual from our church gone to follow the
catholicks; & he was converted to their faith by a miracle of healing
performed on himself, so report says.
The miracle consisted in
in ( !) curing a sudden head ache, by means of prayer & bathing the
head in cold water.
�Waialua
1840
3
Among our people perhaps 100 or 150 have gone over to the Catholicks, some followed them a few weeks, & then forsook them, others
still are numbered with them, but do not attend their meetings as
formerly -
Some who were once very zealous for the pope forsook that
faith because they did not like to kneel on dirty mats, others forsook
them because they did not get cloth &c as they expected to do.
While the catholick religion is to be regarded as a dreadful
evil, I think it is not to be looked upon as an evil which can have
no good connected with it.
ties from our churches. -
It opens a sluice-way to let off impuri
it will tend to unmask hypocrites, & draw
the line of demarkation between the friends & the enemies of God It will humble us in view of our own impotency & show us where our
dependance is -
It will make us more watchful & prayerful - it will
tend to remove the secular arm from the church, & make religion
stand on its own intrinsic merits.
Discipline in the church has
cost more time & has been more trying to feelings than in all the
preceding years since the organization of the church at the station.
There are unquestionably some dry limbs in the church, to pluck them
off & purify the whole body will be a labour of time & patience.
The past has been a year of new things, a year to try moral
principle.
Laws against rum, awa, idolatry, Kakauing,(tatooing ?) gambling
& the like have been laid aside & people have been left to act main
ly as conscience, caprice or fashion might influence them to do.
Of
course many of those, who had no moral principle have fallen into
the vortex & made ship-wreck of better professions, if not of better
hopes.
Circulation of the Scriptures - Books the past year have been
very little called for; a few bibles, perhaps 20 have been sold &
�Waialua
1840
4.
perhaps ten testaments.
People appear to think that the monstrous
sum of $2.50 for a bibl e is more than they can raise, & so they
generally will make no effort to obtain one.
Benevolent contributions during the year have been few about
$150. have been contributed for the the ( !) support of the native
teachers & about $50. for a bell -
Also some ten or 15 acres of
beans have been planted & cultivated for the building of a stone
church at the station, but nearly all of the beans have been ruined
grech?
a part by the green ( !) worm & a part by a blast.
Presents & contributions for my support have been very few &
small As to improvements -
A good plank bridge has been erected over
the large stream between Ewa & Waialua -
I have spent 15 days or
more in accomplishing it & in improving the road at various points
on the way.
A blacksmiths forge has also been put in operation at the sta
tion, & a native youth has for the past ten months been successfully
employed in learning the trade.
It is hoped that in two years the
period agreed upon for his apprenticeship, he will be a somewhat,
skilful blacksmith.
Several ploughs have been made, & put in some
what successful operation by the blacksmith, & we hope soon to see
more made on an improved pattern.
Some incipient measures have been taken toward the erection of
a stone church at the station, but our progress has as yet been slow.
We have a new bell ready for use & paid for by the people.
But
there is only a small degree of interest at present manifested to
ward objects of general interest & improvement.
J
.S. Emerson
�Statisticks Waialua Station 1841
556
20
Whole no admitted to chch. on examination
On certificate
4
past year on examination
4
on certif. past year
8
Whole no. past year
26
6
Whole no dismissed to other chchs.
Dismissed past year
18
Whole no. Deceased
10
deceased past year
56
Suspended past year
36
R em. suspended
49
Excomd past year
82
Whole no Excom
77
Rem. Excom -
416
Whole no in Reg. Standing
382
Whole no of children baptized
16
Baptized past year
15
Whole no of children deceased
Decd
44
600
44
past year
Marriages past year
Average congregation
No. propounded for the chch -
�Report of Station at Waialua.
(1841)
N ear the close of our last general meeting I obtained permission
of absence to visit Kauai.
This visit protracted my absence from the
statio(n) to about six weeks in all.
On returning I found Brother
Locke just recovering from a severe & somewhat protracted illness So that our station had been for a long time destitute of Missionary
labour; & while men slept the enemy sowed tares.
The chch. was obviously in a cold state especially that portion
of it residing in the district of Koolau.
The drinking of the chiefs
was the watchword for stupid ones to follow.
A few out of the chch.
fermented their potatoes & melons & sugar cane with their ohias, &
intoxicated themselves, some few chch. members followed, & so the
rage for drink increased that in two months about 60 of the chch. had
been guilty of the beastly sin of intoxication, - & as to those out
of the chch. I suppose that the number was very small who had not
intoxicated themselves.
It seemed as though almost the whole mass
of the people were mad/ & anxious to take vengeance upon themselves In one instance I saw a company of about a dozen drink down several
gallons of their nausiating ( !) mixture -
They appeared to practice
great fortitude & endurance while the(y) poured a pint each of the
mixture down their throats About 2 hours later, returning from a visit among the people I
saw this same company apparently as silly & foolish as they could
well endure -
This wide spread drunkness ( !) & debauchery prepared
those who had been guilty of it to a great extent to be ashamed to
appear before me or be seen in our meetings -
So the catholicks
found a company prepared for them by the great destroyer.
The health of our families has been as good as usual, although
�Waialua - 1841
2
the ladies at the station have suffered some what from ill health My own health has been uniformly good till near the close of February,
when I was violently attacked with a fever, which laid me aside from
my labours for 7 or 8 weeks, most of which time I was confined to
my bed.
Through a kind Providence my health & strength are now
restored, almost equal to what they were before.
Improvements -
There have been erected during the year several
school-houses for the aupuni & 4 or five Catholick meeting or schoolhouse(s) all within the limits of the station.
There has also been
a road made within the past few weeks entirely round the west end
of the Island -
So that horses can now pass from Waialua to Waianae,
& the Gospel be carried to the latter people with much more dispatch
than formerly.
As to labours, directly missionary, if the amount of them are
to be reckoned from the apparent results, I can say but little There has been no protracted meeting at the station except one
of 4 or 5 days designed especially for the church -
There has however
been a meeting of 6 days at Haula in which Bro. Armstrong assisted me
three days -
this meeting was more obviously beneficial in calling
up the attention of the people to the salvation of their souls than
the former meeting.
Several stupid ones in the church were aroused, some suspended
ones came back with confessions, & a few who before paid no atten
tion to religion professed to turn to the Lord.
Our ordinary religious exercises have consisted of three services
on the sabbath, besides the ai o ka la & sabbath School,
of which Mr. Locke has attended -
the latter
We have also had daily morning
prayer meetings in various places beside a Wednesday & Saturday even
ing meeting for the chch. -
The latter of which has been suspended
�3.
Waialua - 1841
since I was taken ill -
Repeated tours have been made through the
districts of Koolau & part of Waianae - & part of the year meetings
have been held every week in some of the school districts remote
from us.
Attendance on publick worship has not been good gregation at the station sabbath morning about 600 -
Average con
meetings at
the villages remote sometimes pretty well attended, at other times
not so well; more frequently the latter, unless the people are
collected by a special effort -
In some places, it seems to have
become almost the understanding, that those out of the chch. are not
expected to attend meetings except on the sabbath, unless they are
candidates for chch. membership -
But such is not the fact in all
places Statisticks.
No census of the people, - no record of births &
deaths that I could \otain.
Marriages 44 couple.
Recd to chch past year 4 by prof. & 4 by letter - 8
Died 13 - cut off 49; suspended 34, - dismissed to other chchs 8 Restored to fellowship 28, of whom 4 had been excommunicated & 22
suspended.
There are now propounded for the chch - 44 -
Of those now
suspended 17 are expected to be restored next communion number recd into the chch 576
cut off 82
Whole
Whole no. of deaths 18 - whole no.
Whole no. transfered to other chchs. -—
Now in the chch & not under discipline 416
26
Children baptized the past
year 16 in all 382.
Benevolent contributions -
These have been very few, & appro
priated almost entirely to the support of the schools -
A little
has been contributed toward our contemplated meeting house.
We, more than a year since, planted several acres of beans hoping
�Waialua 1841
4.
to realize a crop that might help us procure lumber &c for that
object; but the worms blasted our hopes -
At the present we have
procured our lime & cut the wood to burn it, & several of the most
important stones have been obtained for the comers & jams; & we have
about 150 men engaged to work in divisions, one day each makaainana
(laboring class) week, till the house is erected.
Our house may be
a long time in the erection but we hope to build a good one, & to do
it as fast as our means & strength will permit.
Catholicks.
Of these the number is increasing both at the
station & through the field -
The past year three have left our church
to join them, & one went out from us last year, 4 in all, who were
in good standing in the chch.
the Catholicks to them -
Of suspended members 6 have gone to
Of excommunicated persons 10 or 12 have gone over
So that of those who have been chch members, not far from
20 have gone to the Catholicks.
Reasons, that such persons have given
for leaving us, are like the following -
Their friends are all with
the catholicks, & therefore they can receive no favours from them,
so long as they do not join them -
if hungrey or sick or naked, they
can receive no sympathy if they stand opposed -
One is sick, he has
no one to take care of him; the Catholick comes along & promises him
salvation, & restoration to health if he will join them.
One has
the promise of influence, power, or many presents if he will join
them, & so some are taken with guile.
Two, of the four who left the chch. to join the catholicks were
sick, & submitted to baptism from the priest on promise of restora
tion to health -
But both are dead.
One however, before her death,
came back to us, renouncing all faith in or fellowship with them.
She said that they prayed for her 8 days at first, &, as her sickness
did not at all abate, the catholicks ceased to pray for her; but,
�Waialua 1841
5
after the lapse of several weeks, they procured some rum, & when
under its influence prayed again for her -
This filled her with
disgust, she told their priest that she had no confidence in them, &
so left them & came back to us with repentance & confession -
She
apparently died in the faith & hopes of the Gospel.
As to the numbers, out of the chch. who have gone to the catho
licks I can form no correct estimate.
Many, who call themselves our
people, have gone occasionally to a catholick meeting, & many go no
where -
In some places 1/2 or more of the people occasionally flock
after that party - & in two or three villages of from 50 to 100 or 150
people all with two or three exceptions are said to have joined them.
And here let me say, that these three villages, which have turned
altogether to the pope, lay between other larger vilages ( !), & in
such positions as rendered it easy for the people to attend meeting,
by going a short distance, say a mile or so to meet with a larger
collection of people for worship.
But few only went, & the result
has proved that as they were ignorant & voluntarily so, they were also
fit subjects to be led away after the beast whose business it is to
destroy.
At the present time I presume that 1/4 part at least of our
people might be reckoned on the side of the Catholicks, & 1/4 of them
as indifferent to any thing - leaving perhaps
& perhaps less as
2
/
1
caring for the pono; or at least professing so to do.
Methods by which the people have been won over by the Catholicks.
1.
By promises of healing
Many have been induced to go after them by a promise that if bap
tized by them their diseases should be healed as a consequent ( !).
But in case the patient did not chance soon to recover, the fault
has always been wisely attached to some other cause than the want of
�Waialua
1841
6.
power in th e priest; either the patient had not faith, or had some
reserved sin, or his friends were hereticks, or some thing else.
One
sick man turned to them on promise of being healed, but after "baptism
was no better be no better -
It was then said that his wife must turn, or he would
she turned - but he was still sick -
if he had not a father -
It was then asked
They said he must turn also -
but after
the father turned, the children were called for & then all his de
pendants they all turned to save the poor mans life; but lo he died
after all -
Yet they were assured of this, that his soul would be
saved 2.
Another way of making proselytes is by making presents, of clothes,
cloth &c.
These are some times given out to adults & children to
induce them to join their party.
3.
Our schools & school laws have been made a means of souring the
minds of parents & persuading them to fly under their wing for reffuge ( !).
The length of the schools, having two per day; paying the
teachers, & compelling the children to work for them have all had
their influence in this matter.
Multitudes, both of parents & children, have left us because
they, by so doing, could escape the work for the teacher.
At Honolulu
this law has never been inforced, as funds have been furnished from
other sources for the support of schools; & this will easily account
in part for the fact that a far smaller proportion of the people there
have gone to the Catholicks than on other parts of the Island.
Another circumstance may also be stated relative to schools.
The catholicks have taught some of their teachers to repeat a prayer
in Italian -
this they are parot like ( !) teaching the children,
who are all highly delighted with the idea of saying something that
others can not say, & that in a foreign language.
�Waialua 1841
.
7
Some of our teachers are very anxious to be taught English, that
they may seem to be as knowing as the Catholicks.
4.
An other method by which the Catholicks gain proselytes is by
fabricating & circulating slanderous reports, & falsehoods.
One day, it is reported that all the chiefs have turned catho
licks - & so many make haste to be on the strong side -
An other
day, we are called the murderers of Batchelot; in connection with
Kinau -
That we are oppressors of the people, taking away their
rights, depriving them of sources of gratification & happiness such
as they have a right to, & begging away the little property that they
may have, to feed our-selves, are a standing every day charges.
Even the little children are catechized by the priest as follows.
Do we come & beg your fowls?
To which they reply in concert, n o .
Do we beg your money; your kapas; fish &c &c.
we sell our book to you?
former teachers do so?
All reply, no.
No, you give them without pay.
Do
Did your
No, they begged ours, & sold theirs.
Such
is the style in which I am told the children are sometimes catechized
to create & confirm their prejudices against us.
5.
Indulgences form an other method of drawing men after them -
Absence from meeting on the sabbath is no fault if the individual
attends on great occasions -
Many sins, the very ones to which this
people are prone are not very great matters, Occasional intoxication,
habitual use of tobacco, lying & adultery are not very great matters,
at least, are easily got over by them.
An other way of gaining prosylites is
6.
By taking sides with the makaainanas against law or with law, &
brow beating the chiefs into compliance with their' wishes.
Many
ignorant ones are fully persuaded that there is great power in the
poe Berani from the fact that they carry their points so well, if not
�Waialua
1 841
8.
by artifice, by threats.
Since the vacation in our schools commenced, about the middle
of April, our children have gone in great numbers to the Catholicks,
from one school 12 or 14 & from an other 15, & from others more or
less -
Probably in all not less than 50 of our children went over
to their instruction during a vacation of about 2 weeks -
The number
of children now claimed by the catholicks & of a suitable age to go
to school is from 100 to 200, perhaps less than 150.
One alarming
fact is that of those who go over to the Catholicks but few can be
reached again by our instructions, they will not come to our meet
ings or our schools, & some of them have said they were forbidden to
enter our houses, or have any thing to do with us.
Only a few weeks
instruction in their schools seems to give both adults & children a
spirit of defiance, & in some instances of enmity that it is very
painful to witness.
To human appearance the great mass of the ungodly in our region
are about going over to the side of the Pope -
Both the schools &
the church need the watch & care of several persons wholy ( !) devoted
to the work of taking care of them.
In our field there are about
5500 people, perhaps more, scattered in villages along a coast of
from 40 to 45 miles.
Were there no wolves in the field one shepherd
could do much for them, but while there are two foreign catholicks &
many native ones who have been trained to their arts of deception &
falsehood, many hands to labour many eyes to see, & many tongues to
speak in the behalf of the Gospel of X st seem imperiously needed.
We came to this meeting in strong hopes that the brethren would be
able to locate one more missionary on this Island & at this time; &
at Waiono in the District of Koolau seemed to be the place to locate
him -
This would be nearly midway between Br. Parker & ourselves
�Waialua 1841
9
about 22 miles from us & 17 or 18 from him -
At Waiono there is now
a meeting house, large enough to hold 700 or 800 people, & not half
a mile from it, is a Catholick house &, as I am informed, the priests a
are about to locate one of their number there, & to build a stone
house for his accommodation.
If an efficient man could be located
there to take care of the chch & the schools, more assistance could
be afforded from our station in looking after & teaching the people
(e?)
of Waianae than heretofore. We trust that if there be any new
brethren to locate at this meeting, the claims of Koolau & the pe
culiar crises that threatens us will not be overlooked, or disregarded.
Let it be remembered that the Catholicks have already five schools
& five preaching posts within the limits of the station.
J.S. Emerson
�Report of Waialua Station, May 1842
On the 10th of June last year I returned to the station in
improved health, & in high hopes of accomplishing much during the year
for the good of the people.
A slight rheumatick affection, which
then existed in one of my knees soon increased, so as to lay me aside
from most of my labour for two or three weeks.
The health of the
members of the station has In general been pretty good, subject
however to some interruptions in the case of all the members of the
station*
And in no case has death entered our dwellings but once
during the ten years in which this station has been ocupied, ( !) &
that within the past year.
On the 15th of Novr Br Lockes eldest child, his only son was removed
suddenly from us by drowning.
The stroke was a heavy one, but we
hope it has not been entirely lost upon us either parents or children.
State of the Church
Congregation on the sabbath has been rather
small, & week day meetings thinly attended.
The congregation from
July to Novr was some what larger than during the remainder of the
year - but has again some what increased during the past five weeks.
Our seasons of communion at the station have been three in
number all of which have been seasons of a good degree of interest.
In November I united with Br. Bishop In a meeting at Waianae
which was protracted through several days, & closed with the organi
zation of a chch. embracing those who were then members of his church
& also of mine resident in the district of Waianae.
Twenty of my
church members were then dismissed to unite with that chch. & two
others have since recd certificates to unite with the same chch.
making in all 22.
I also had a communion season with the chch. members in Kolau ( !)
on the last sabbath in April.
The number of members in that district
nearly all of whom were then present at the communion is 208.
These
�Waialua 1842
2.
although not formally separated from the church at Waialua will
hence forward regard themselves as a distinct church, & have their
communions at Haula or near the centre of the district.
During the year I have recd in all to the church 112 individuals
by profession & 3 by letter of those recd from the world 50 were pro
pounded previous to the last general meeting; & a large portion of
these who have been recd to the chch. refer their conversion to the
Lord to a period of one or two years.
There has been but one protracted meeting in our field during
the year & that was conducted by Br. Armstrong almost entirely, dur
ing the time I was confined by rheumatism in my bunk, Br. Bishop
kindly assisted him one day.
Meetings have been held regularly at the station on the sabbath
& on w ednesdays, & daily morning prayer meetings have been attended
by a few.
During the year I have made 6 visits among the people of
Koolau & preached to them four sabbaths.
Schools.
These during the past year have fallen under my super
vision; Br. L. by mutual agreement, having taken other parts of the
labour to be performed at the station.
The number of our schools is 16.
examinations about 550.
No. of scholars present at our
The examinations of schools have been 4.
The appearance of most of the schools, & the advancement in knowledge
in some has been rather encouraging.
Teachers have recd better pay
for their services than ever before, & have in most instances per
formed the task of teaching with increased fidelity -
There are
however to this remark one or two exceptions Labours -
During the first six months of the year I taught a
school for teachers & more advanced scholars one hour each morning &
also on saturday afternoon.
The branches to which I attended were
�Waialua 1842
review of Arithmetick, both mental & written performed in connection;
also sacred Geography & the making of maps both ancient & modern for
their own use.
This school after about six months continuance with
frequent interruptions was given up from inability on my part to
attend to it any longer.
The meeting house which has heretofore been spoken of by way of
anticipation was taken hold of in earnest shortly after the close of
our last general meeting.
Wood for burning lime had been cut & coral
dug during the year previous.
The work of building was commenced
in Aug. last to be performed by apanas under the superintendance of
one foreigner.
But it was soon found that this would be a long,
costly & perplexing business.
It was therefore agreed on on the part
of the church, that the work should be done by hire & paid for by
their monthly contributions of 25 cts each for the men & 12-1
2
/ for the
women.
Accordingly the foreigner & ten men were employed to perform the
building of the stone work, collecting & preparing materials &c.
The dimentions ( !) of the house are 99 feet by 49, walls 2 feet thick
& 18 high.
The work of erecting the walls was all performed within the
space of 18 weeks after the foundation was laid.
Our old meeting
house was taken down in January last, the timber of which has been
well used for our new roof; & has made a saving of some 500 or more
dollars.
The house is now finished so far as was contemplated for the
present, except the ceiling, which we expect to lathe & plaster.
materials for this work are now in a good state of forwardness.
The
The
house is ventilated by eleven windows all excepting one of 60 lights
each 8 by 10 glass.
It has also 6 doors all of which are made in
�Waialua 1842
workman like style.
The house is so constructed that if a gallery
may at any future time be needed, it can he put in without any change
or remodeling of the house, & will he sufficiently ventilated by the
top part of the windows.
About 1/3 of the house is floored, a plat
form erected as a pulpit & seats sufficient to seat 100 persons are
already erected.
The cost of the house thus far, including only
board, nails, & hired labour amounts to $1026.
Voluntary labour in-
cluding timber, lime, wood, also, thatching &c. would amount to not
less than $1000 or more.
Of the funds already expended for which
cash has been paid have been raised in part as follows.
Contributed by the 2d Chch in Honolulu - - - do by the Chch in Ewa - - - - - - - - - - - do by the chch in Waianae - - - - - - - - - do by Br. Whitney
do by br. Gulick - - - - - - - - - - - - - - do by chch in Waialua past year in cash &
articles exchanged for materials for build.
cash formerly contributed & on hand
at com. of year
Amounting in all to
Leaving a debt not yet paid of
$82.00
38.00
15.00
61.00
50.00
230.67
53 .31
$529.98
$519.72
The cost of plastering &c overhead as contemplated will
increase the debt to about $600.00
Of this debt Mr. Lock(e) & myself
will probably cancel about about ( !) $100. leaving the people to pay
$500.
This debt they have frequently said was their own, & that they
intended to pay it as fast as they could, but time must show the
promptness with which they will fulfill their engagement.
This work of building has been a very great tax upon my time, &
has prevented much of the year almost all study & labour of a more
improving character.
Besides the work of building the meeting house, I have made an
addition of two sleeping rooms to my own house, for which I obtained
a grant from the mission of 100 dollars the last year.
The rooms
are now finished & cost $200; for which I am now in debt at the
�Waialua 1842
depository $100.
Assistance
Br. Locke has uniformly taken charge of the sabbath school
when at the station, & has also conducted the worship of the congre
gation in case of my absence or ill health.
Mrs. E. has a part of the year as health & other circumstances
would permit met with the mothers at the Station & has also taught a
singing school for adults & children.
Shortly after our return to the station Br. & Sister Rice came
& spent nearly three months in our family -
Sister R. rendered very
kind assistance in the instruction of our children, & in aiding both
our families at a season when aid was peculiarly needed.
Br. R.
taught a class in the English language, & a part of the time an other
class in the Helu Kamalii one hour per day.
Their assistance in our
families was in many respects very timely, & in all respects fraternal.
Catholicks
They have apparently been gaining influence among our people
the past year, & have added considerably to their numbers.
Their
influence has apparently diminished in some parts of the field dur
ing the past few months, while it has increased in an other part.
They have now w ithin the limits of our field six meeting houses
& 8 schools.
Their number of scholars present at their examination
in July last was 257, since then they may possibly have increased to
300 or near that number.
So that they have now about 1/3 of all the
children in the field; & probably the number of people who profess
to follow them is nearly equal in proportion.
But perhaps more of these
should be reckoned as infidels than as papists.
There is now in the field one catholick priest, & frequent visits
have been made during the year by two or three others.
�6.
Waialua 1842
Methods which they have adopted the past year for making pros
elytes ( !) are some what varied from the methods adopted the year
previous.
1.
They have of late, been more gregarious in their habits than
formerly.
A large portion of the whole company of their disciples
go from one portion of a district to an other to spend the sabbath;
& thus by changing the locality of their meetings from one place to
an other, they attract attention make a display of numbers & get some
prosolytes.
Bound together as they are by pledges of mutual hospitality,
they find no want of food wherever they may be among their own
people so long as the food in the place may last them.
An other popular way of making prosolytes is baptizing & naming
the children.
Every child that is bapatemad claims as god-parent
every older person that may bear the same name.
So that be he where
he may, he may call on his father ma ka inoa for food, raiment or
entertainment for some days, without any liability to fault-finding
on their part.
An other method of promoting their cause is by holding an anual (!)
feast on the sabbath to which all persons are invited except those who
are actually at work as a penalty for their transgressions.
a great distance to procure their means to aid in the feast.
Some go
One
man I saw driving a male of the goats without blemish 12 or 14 miles,
which he said was to be used at the feast; another in company was
driving a male of the swine without blemish which he said was to be
used in the same way.
A youth told me that that ( !) his father
furnished a boy with $2 & a hen & a pai of poi for the same feast; a
tax heavier than he ever before paid for the support of the gospel &
of schools & all other benevolent objects all together.
One boy,
�7
Waialua 1842
when asked why he wished to go to the catholick’s school replied,
"Ono ka puaa", (good the pig), meaning the great gratification he
enjoyed in partaking at the liberal feast.
Another device of the Catholicks appears to be a committee of
vigilance, who are on the lookout .
If there are any sick among
us who are neglected, any children who are not in our schools; any
persons who regard themselves unjustly accused of fault or crime,
all such persons are immediately sought out & commended to the kind
& parental care of the fraternity & priesthood.
The vanity of the natives is a circumstance that makes any
attention bestowed upon those who are inclined to leave us, as like
ly at least to injure as to help us.
It has been said that some
natives would be willing to be hung if thousands would be willing to
come & look on; so here if a common native can attract much attention
& become the subject of remark in consequence of his going to the
catholicks, he has a strong motive to do so.
Whether therefore to go
& attempt to look up those who wander after the beast or let them
alone is oftentimes a question that is quite perplexing Want of an additional missionary in Koolau
Catholicks then are becoming numerous, the soil is the richest
& most productive in the island, place 20 miles removed from any
station, population 2000 or more people now in an unsettled state of
feeling, a new meeting house has lately been erected for the people,
& are in expectation of a missionary.
While we have much occasion for humility in view of the evils
that have existed among us we have also occasion to speak of mercy &
kindness from the Lord.
Schools are improved in character, chchurch
( !) purified, & some few at least brought to the knowledge of the
saviour.
�Waialua
1842
Statisticks
675
23
112
3
48
24
28
10
8
16
25
86
520
472
90
28
16
550
357
162
208
178
94
Whole no. admitted to Chc h .from th e first
Whole no on certificate
Admitted past year on examin.
Admitted past year on certif.
Whole no Dismissed
Dismissed past year
Whole no. deceased
Deceased past year
Suspended past year
Remain suspended
Excom. past year
Remain excomd
Whole no in reg standing
Whole no bap. children
Baptized past year
couple married past year
No. of schools
No. of scholars
Readers
Geography
Writers
Mental Arithmetick Coulborn
Writers Arithmetick
(Unsigned; J.S. Emerson)
�(Waialua 1843 A.B. Smith)
The past year has been one of severe trial: to the station at
Waialua.
The Lord's hand has been laid heavily upon that station
& one who was here with us in health & vigor a year ago has been
snatched from us in an unexpected manner & we have been called to
mingle our tears over her untimely grave.
We have been reminded that
health & strength are no security against the assaults of disease &
death & that the weak & feeble who have apparently been long on the
borders of the grave, may notwithstanding outlive the most healthy
& robust.
It is the Lord's doings& it becomes us to be dumb with
silence & open not our mouth, because he has done it.
It is indeed
a mysterious Providence which we may not be able to interpret, but
it is a consolation to know that the event was ordered by him who
guides all things with unerring wisdom.
The loss we have sustained is great indeed & cannot be easily
repaired, but while it is such a loss to us & to her family, we are
o
confident that death to her was unspeakable gain. Her life was one
of uncommon blamelessness & yet her excellences were by no means of
a negative character.
Positive excellences were combined in just
proportions so as to render her character one of uncommon symmetry.
The mild & gentle graces of the gospel, meekness, humility, gentle
ness, patience & modesty, shone brightly in her character, but at the
same time they were mingled with an uncommon degree of firmness,
decision, energy & perseverence.
Her moral feelings too had been
judiciously cultivated, so as to avoid on the one hand a blame-able
laxness & on the other a sickly conscientiousness which rendered her
piety solid & consistent & gave her an elevated, unbending & digni
fied sense of moral rectitude.
With a character combining such
qualities & blended in such just proportions, she was enabled to
�Waialua - 1843 - A.B. Smith
exercise complete control over herself & act with calmness & consider
ation under the most trying & agitating circumstances.
Her cours ( !)
was silent & unpretending & her left hand knew not what her right
hand was doing.
None but those who were the most intimately acquain
ted with her knew her real worth or the amount of her labors & the
good she was accomplishing.
In all her labors, she pondered well
her steps, decided with judgment & discretion on her course of duty,
& pursued her course with a steady, unwavering perseverance toward
the accomplishment of her object.
Such was her character while in
health, & when disease was fixed upon her & all her powers were
brought into requisition to endure the bodily suffereings under wh.
she languished, she was still calm & tranquil & looked up to her
heavenly Father with sweet submission to his will.
When death was
in full prospect before her & her expectation of life was cut off,
tho' maternal feeling was evidently strong & her little ones the
?
burden of her anxiety, still she felt to leave the event with God,
calmly & composedly trusting in him.
The memory is sweet.
sight of the Lord.
Thus she lived & thus she died.
The death we doubt not was precious in the
I can contemplate her character & the scenes of
her sickness & death only with admiration.
She was ripe for heaven
& we can now think of her only as a saint in light, enjoying the full
vision of God & the Lamb.
But this Providence of God has made a painful breach upon us,
which is felt most deeply by the bereaved husband & the little
motherless ones.
It is a case which calls for our united sympathies
& prayers.
The labors of the station must necessarily be interrupted by
this Providence.
It is greatly to be regretted that the labors of
the School which have been prosecuted with so much energy & zeal &
�Waialua 1843 - A.B. Smith
3.
evident success, should be suspended at a time when its prospects
are more promising & flattering than at any time hitherto.
It is to
be hoped that the mission will take this subject into consideration
& devise some means to keep the school in operation.
You will I trust pardon me for saying thus ( !) much on a sub
ject which may not be considered as properly belonging to my report,
but the subject once introduced I knew not how to say less.
With regard to my own labors, the mission are aware of the cir
cumstances under which we were located at Waialua.
At that time we
were not considered members of this mission, but purely sojourning
invalids awaiting the decision of the Board as to the expediency of
our remaining here or return to the United States.
Under such cir
cumstances it will not be surprising if I have not been able to
accomplish as much as my brethren.
As to health I know not that
there has been any any (!) material change.
Mrs. Smith has at
times been very low & feeble & ready to give up all hope but she
is at present in quite as good health as she was a year ago.
she is feeble & has the prospect of remaining so.
Still
My own health was
good during the autumn, but the wet season has caused a return of
my difficulty, which has led me to fear that the time is not far
distant when I may be wholly unable to preach.
When I went to the station immediately after the last general
meeting I knew scarcely any thing of the language & was almost en
tirely unable to communicate with the people.
I commenced preaching
however, immediately after Mr. Emerson left, writing one sermon
each week & conducting the other exercises extemporaneously.
I
have been able usually to preach twice on the Sabbath, tho' of late
it has been attended with much fatigue & local irritation.
I have
also had a regular meeting on Wednesday besides other occasional
�Waialua 1 8 4 3
A .B . S m ith
meetings during the week.
As to the results of these efforts it cannot be expected that
very much would be accomplished by any one so little acquainted with
the language of the people.
You will not therefore be disappointed
that I have no revivals of religion to report & no extensive admis
sions to the church.
When
I commenced my labors the state of the
church seemed to be very low -
The usual congregation on the sab
bath did not exceed 160 or 200.
A large number of church members
were under censure & then manifested a spirit wholly unbecoming the
gospel of Christ.
of the year.
Such was the state of things during the first part
For several months past there has been an evident im
provement in the state of things.
The congregation has increased
to 300 & upwards, so that I should judge that the avarage ( !) for the
whole year would not fall short of 300 -
The appearance of the con
gregation has also improved & better attention has been paid to the
preached word.
tive hearers.
Still the people as a whole are far from being atten
While there are some who evidently hear with atten
tion & profit, there are a much greater number who either hear not
at all, or hear without treasuring up the word & profiting thereby.
Of the cases under censure in the church a few of them have
been restored, but the greater part of them manifested no signs of
repentance & have been cut off from church fellowship -
The number
of excommunications during the year has perhaps been unusually
were
large. There have been 41 in all. All except 12 of them xxx under
suspension when I commenced my labors at the station.
munion in Nov. 9 new cases occurred.
At the com
These persons have manifested
a peculiar hardness of heart & in some cases contempt of the church
& the word of God & they were accordingly cut off at the last com
munion.
The 3 other cases occurred at Koolau & were of such an ag-
�W aialua - 1843 - A. B . Smith
5.
gravated nature as to render excommunication the only proper step
in the case -
These are all that have occurred in that part of
the church during the year.
It is the understanding with the natives that the church at
Koolau is separate from the one at Waialua, tho' the records have not
been kept separately -
I have been able to do scarcely any thing
during the year for that part of the field & should we be alone at
the station during the coming year it will be still more difficult
for me to leave home so as to labor at all for that people.
It is
to be hoped therefore that an arrangement will be made to provide
for the wants of that field in some other way.
The meeting house occupied considerable of my attention during
the first part of the year.
The lathing, plastering &c remained
to be done when I went to the station.
cated on the 28th of Sept.
The meeting house was dedi
Mr. Bishop performed the exercises on
the occasion & a series of meetings were continued till the Sab.
following.
The amount expended by myself in finishing the Meeting H ouse,
including the expense of transporting the property rec’d from the
people to Honolulu is $ 141.04.
Receipts from all sources for the
liquidation of this debt $112.90, leaving 28.14 due to me.
of $25.19 previously contracted has also been paid.
A debt
The whole amount
rec'd. therefore is 138.09, not one fourth of which can be considered
as the donation of the people.
The prospect therefore that the people
will contribute to liquidate the debt is very small.
It has been found necessary to expend something upon the dwelling
house during the past year.
The cook room was originally some 3
feet or more lower than the rest of the house, causing Mrs. S. a
most serious inconvenience in her feeble state of health.
By the
�Waialua 1843 - A.B. Smith
advice of the secular agent this difficulty has been obviated, the
room rebuilt & the floor put on a level with the rest of the house.
Most of the plastering remains to be done:
$31. have been expended,
to cover which, finish the house, make other repairs &c $100. will
be needed.
The following are the statistics of the church
1843
Wh. No on Ex.
695
On Cert.
27
Exam past yr
20
Cert. past yr
5
Wh. No. past yr
25
Wh No Dis’d
56
Dis. past yr
8
Wh. No. Deceased
40
Died past yr
12
Exc'd past yr
41
Wh. No Exc'd
148
R em Exc'd
117
No. in Reg. Standing 509
Wh. No. Childn Bap
494
Bap past yr
22
Marriages
35
Avg. Cong.
300
The number of children in the schools is
.
How the
schools compare with former years I am of course unable to say.
One thing is very certain.
The schools are far from being what they
should be, yet perhaps they are all that could be expected from such
teachers.
Some new teachers are very much needed.
There are now
3 schools destitute of any teacher & doubtless others would be va
cated if there were better teachers to be obtained.
The operations of the Catholics have not excited much attention
among the people during the year.
So far as I am able to judge
their numbers have not increased, but remain about the same as they
were a year ago.
Some few have left them in Koolau & two of our own
church members who had fallen into sin, have gone over to them.
A.B. Smith
�(Waialua 1843)
|
The past like the previous year has been one of affliction to
me.
Care, anxiety & sorrow such as I knew not before, though mingled
with many unmerited favors & blessings have been my portion.
Mrs.
L. a few weeks after our return from Gen Meet last year was attacked
with disease which after two months of suffering & during much of
the time very severe suffering removed her to a better world.
This is not perhaps the time or place to speak of my departed
companion.
knew her.
Nor is it necessary that I should do so to those who
Her memory will ever be fondly cherished by all her friends
& her record is on high.
My loss & that of my motherless girls is
great. - I had almost said, irreparable.
God did not however leave
us without consolation & assistance in that dark hour.
But with that
kindness which ever tembers (tempers ?) the wind to the shorn lamb
& provides from (for ?) us in a way chosen by himself he sent kind
& dear friends to our help.
Br & Sister Rowell reached the Isles
on the 21 of Sept & were permitted to be with their sister during
the last two weeks of her life. & have remained with us till the
present time doing all in their power to supply the loss we have all
sustained.
I have done less for the people at large during the past than
in former year owing to my circumstances which have confind ( !) me
more closely at home.
Sabbath School This has been superintended as usual.
It has been thinly attended
the past as the previous year though the number of children who have
attended has been as great in proportion to the whole number of people
who have attended meeting as in former years
interest has been manifested in the exercises.
But a small degree of
Some knowledge of
Bible history has been acquired & perhaps some truth lodged in the
�2.
Waialua 1843
minds of the scholars which at some future day may with Gods blessing
spring up like good seed & bring forth fruit.
Boarding School
The number of boys at present is 22 one of whom is absent
h a v i n g most unfortunately had one of his hands so badly crushed
in the sugar mill as to render amputation necessary.
The school
has shared largely in the loss which the station has sustained
during the year.
devoted to it,
No small part of Mrs Ls time haveing ( !) been
While she had health.
In consequence of my circum
stances I have been compelled to neglect the boys almost entirely
except during their school hours not having labored with them as
formerly & not being able to devote time to their management & direc
tion except generly ( !) out of school.
The boys have evidently
suffered some in consequence of this neglect.
Not perhaps more than
ought to have been expected but enough to show that to make the most
& the best of their time & attention should be devoted to them
out of as well as in school.
Our secular or manual labor department has notwithstanding been
on the whole more prosperous than in any previous year.
When the out
standing crop shall all have been gathered in & the cane all manu
factured unless more than usual expense shall be required to accom
plish the work, we shall not only have paid all our expenses for the
past year which including costs of mill, casks (?), transportation,
commission &c will have amounted to 1000 Dolls. but we shall have
nearly or quite enough on hand probably to pay the current expenses
of the school during the coming year.
Rev. Rowell has spent about one hour in a day with the boys
in school during the past 5 or 6 months.
ing.
Has taught writing & sing
He has also done much in other ways to assist in the care &
�Waialua
1843
management of the school & but for his presence & assistance it
must (?) (for) some months since have been neglected.
As I cannot in my present circumstances do my duty to my child
ren & justice to the school I have come to the reluctant conclusion
to request that my place in the school may for the present be sup
plied by some other members of the Mission.
I am hoping to receive by the first opportunity from home a
reply to a request of mine for permission to visit the U.S. should
the Mission think it my duty.
The brethren will take such action
in the case as they think proper.
(Unsigned; Edwin Locke)
Waialua May 1843
�This may certify,
That, we, the undersigned, at the earnest
request of Mr. Emerson, have made a thorough examination of his
accounts with the meeting house at Waialua.
We have found the
accounts complicated.
But we find no evidence that any thing is
not
charged to the meeting house w h i c h ought/to b e charged.
On the
contrary, there is evidence that it was Mr. E ’s design to keep a
correct & fair account.
In adjusting his accounts a few errors crept
in some in favor of Mr. E. & some against him, w h i c h w e r e m anifestly
unintentional.
Mr. E. does not consider his accounts w i t h the meet-
ing house as fully settled.
have been discovered,
He is ready to mak e any corrections w h i c h
or which may, hereafter, b e discovered.
the wh o l e w e are ready to bea r testimony,
On
that we cannot f i n d any
shadow of evidence of dishonesty in M r . E ' s transactions w i t h the
ch u r c h & people at Waialua.
E.W. Clark
W.P. Alexander
Lahainaluna F eby 6 , 1843.
�(Waialua 1844)
In making our report of the Station at Waialua for the year
past, we are again called upon to speak of the afflictive dispen
sations of Divine Providence.
One of our number who was here with us
a year ago, in whose bereavement we were then called to sympathize,
& whosesociety we then hoped to enjoy again after a season of separa
tion, has been called to join the society of the blessed above.
His loss is deeply felt at the station.
A kind, affectionate &
sympathizing brother & neighbor has been taken from us.
He had en
deared himself to us by the manifestation of a noble & generous dis
position & the intercourse we had together was of a peculiarly plea
sant character.
His death has thrown a kind of loneliness & desola
tion over the station which cannot easily be removed.
The society
of the little ones however has in some measure relieved our own feelo
ing of l/neliness, still that house & establishment which was once
full of life & activity, is now desolate as the grave.
Its present
condition can but fill one's min d with mournful recollections.
The School which has been deprived of its teacher, has of course
been disbanded.
general meeting.
No labor was performed in the school after the last
The boys however remained on the premises till
August, when they were dismissed & went to their homes.
One of them
is said to be employed in a Popish school in Koolau, two of them
have been married &. none have become teachers in our schools.
It
is to be regretted that they could not have been further advanced
before the school should have been broken up in order that they might
have been employed as teachers -
Most of them however were too young
to be thus employed.
The lands belonging to the school are in the hands of a foreigner
with whom Mr. Locke made a contract, but it is not desirable that
he should remain on them after, his year shall have expired.
�2.
Waialua 1844
The question will doubtless come up during the meeting, whether
another teacher can be located there or if this be not practicable,
the only remaining question is, what disposition shall be made of the
lands &c belonging to the school?
In respect to my own department, I would say that we have for
the most past during the year enjoyed comfortable health.
of Mrs. Smith is on the whole somewhat improved.
The health
I have been able to
preach twice on the sabbath during the year, except for a few sab
baths in the winter when my lungs were so much affected by a cold as
to render it impracticable.
My bronchial difficulty however still
remains, & necessarily limits my labors in preaching to a moderate
amount.
The church at Waialua has been divided during the past year.
271 members have been dismissed to form the church at Koolau which
has been the past year under the care of Mr. Parker.
ing members some have stood fast; others have fallen.
Of the remain
The time of
the restoration was distinguished not perhaps by a rejoicing that the
kingdom was restored, for there seemed to be little joy in that event,
but by a throwing off of restraint & giving themselves up to the
gratification of their vitiated appetites.
usual method of producing intoxication.
practices nion.
They resorted to their
Some went back to heathenish
Consequently 47 were suspended at the subsequent commu
Of these, 8 have been restored & one excommunicated.
The re
mainder are not seen at the house of God, show no signs of repen
tance & have all the marks of barren fig-trees - but it was thought
best to let them alone this year also, & dig about them &c, & if they
bear fruit, well; but if not, then after that, cut them down There has been no special interest among the people during the
�5.
Waialua 1844
year -
The congregation has varied from 250 to 300 -
casions there may have been more.
On extra oc
In respect to the Catholics, they
seem to be pursuing their labors quietly & attend to their own busi
ness -
None as I am able to learn have gone over to them since
I have been at the station.
The fact is that the principal part
of the people who were not connected with the families belonging to
the protestant church, had gone to the Catholics previously -
Some
excommunicated church members who had previously gone over to them
have returned, attend our meetings & manifest a desire to be restored
to the church -
There are a considerable number of excommunicated
persons who are desirous of being restored, but I wish for more evi
dence that they are the true children of God.
The Statistics of the church are as follows.
695 Whole no. ad. on Examination
30 On certificate
___Past year on Exam
3 Past year on certificate
3 Whole no. past year
333 Whole no. Dismissed
277 Dismissed past year
42 Whole no. Deceased
2 Deceased past year
59 Suspended past year
50 Remain suspended
3 Excomd past year
151 Whole no. Excomd
120 Remain Excom'd
180 Whole no in regular standing
Whole No children baptized 500 - past year 6
Marriages past year
32 - Avarage ( !) congregation 275
The schools during the past year have many of them been in a
low condition for want of teachers -
To remedy this evil several of
the oldest & best scholars in the schools have been selected & em
ployed as teachers.
In this way the number of schools has been
somewhat increased & tho’ these teachers are poorly qualified, it
�Waialua 1844
will doubtless be much better to employ them than to have none.
Still it is very desirable that there should be an increase of well
qualified teachers in the field.
There are now 11 schools all sup
plied with teachers & the number of scholars in all is 293.
The
statistics will be found in the accompanying schedule Altho' the new kahu seems to engage in his work with zeal,
there yet remains a difficulty in finding the means to pay the teach
ers from the fact th at the foreign Treasury department secures almost
the whole of the gov’t funds for other purposes, so that what is
allowed for the support of schools is not sufficient for the purpose.
Unless something is done by the gov’t to remedy this evil, the schools
will inevitably suffer.
In regard to pay which the teachers receive,
they complain that it is only makani (wind; breeze).
(Unsigned; Marked on back:)
A. B. Smith
Report 1844
Report of Schools at Waialua May, 1844.
(Copied from printed form, filled in)
1844
293
163
130
11
11
293
187
143
138
153
133
No. of
No. of
No. of
No. of
No. of
Number
No. of
No. of
No. in
Number
Number
children in the whole
boys
girls
schools
teachers
of children enrolled
readers
writers
Geo’phy
in Mental Arithmetic
in Written Arithmetic
�(Waialua 1846)
By a vote of the Mission in Gen. Meet. of 1844 we received an
invitation to remove from Hilo to Waialua and take charge of the
Manual Labor Boarding School which had been suspended by the death
of our lamented Bro. Locke in Oct. previous.
of Aug. and arrived at Honolulu the 11th.
We left Hilo the 9th
Removed to Waialua about
the last of Sept. and put our house and house-hold stuff in order.
Things being adjusted the Trustees of the School met at our house to
consult in reference to it and their unanimous advice was that under
existing circumstances it would for the present be better not to
revive the school but rather that we labor among the people at large
with a view to their spiritual good.
In Nov. following the meetings
on the Sab. - then the only ones in existence - came unsolicited and
refusing a denial into my hands.
I soon after revived the Wed. meet
ings and subsequently established a 4 o ’clock meet. on Saturday
afternoons.
A weekly female prayer meeting at our house was also
established and conducted by Mrs. W.
Visited among the people, at
tended funerals and held meetings at out-posts.
Received help from
the pastors and others at Honolulu and there was evidently a little
waking up of the people during the winter.
About the middle of
February following not having the meetings at the station to look
after, I opened two day-schools one for the teachers of the common
schools, the other for the largest scholars attending the common
schools at the station.
Continued to visit some among the people and
hold meetings at out-posts.
Naau
Helu Kakau
Huli Kanaka
’c.
Geog.
Studies pursued by my scholars Helu
Reading
Writing
Sacred Geography
Huli
In June last I resumed the meetings at the station
and have kept them up with the exception of the Saturday meetings
till the present time.
The 2 schools also till within the last few
�2
Waialua 1846
weeks h ave been continued, tho only 4 days in a week.
Owing to the
increase of other labors they have been suspended of late
Common Schools
These have been chiefly looked after with the exception of
supplying them with books &c by the Kahukula.
I have been present
at the examinations at the station where most of the schools exhibited
and have once been out with him to attend examinations abroad.
In
a little more than a year he has made 4 circuits.
The no. of schools within the present circumscribed limits of
this field is
16
In this no. are included schools of the Romanists
5
The no of scholars according to the report of their
teachers
Nos. present at recent exam, of their schools
Nos. present at exam. of Protestant Schools
Fluent readers in Prot. Schools
In Helu Naau - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- -- -- --
-- -
Helu Kamalii - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Writing - - -
--
58
164
Indifferent readers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Geog. - - - -
74
274
Not present - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Helu Kakau - - - - -
110
- - - - - - - -
- - - - --
51
138
93
42
139
106
There has been one Roman Catholic school broken up during the
last year and united with the Protestant School.
Ten scholars left
another of their schools at one time and joined the Protestant.
A
teacher of another of their schools came to me to procure for his
own use the Old Test. which I gave him.
He expressed a desire that
his scholars also who were readers should procure the Old Test. for
a reading book in School.
I told him I would give It them if they
�3.
Waialua 1846
would come for it.
their coming.
But probably an older and harder head prevented
Have since seen and talked with this same teacher and
he appears to be decidedly leaning towards protestantism.
recently attended some of our meetings on the Sab.
He has
Owing to the in
efficiency of the teachers in their schools, the Kahukula has recently
reduced their pay to 61/4 cts. per day.
Oh. Statistics, &c.
Since the Gen. Meet. in May of 1844 there have been three com
munion seasons of the Ch. at Waialua.
The first in March 1845
the
2d in June and the third in Dec. - brother Lowell Smith officiating
at the last.
During the same period i.e.
since Gen. Meet. in May
of 1844 till present time have been excom.
The no. of suspended church mem, for same time
Of the suspended there have been restored to the ch.
Of those excommunicated restored to the ch.
No. dismissed to and received by letter from other churches
is not known
Whole number on examination
Recvd. to the ch. from the world
Whole no. received on certificate
Remain suspended from the ch. at present time
No. of ch. members who died during 1845
No. of children baptized since Gen. Meet in 1844
N o. of ch. members now in regular standing
Average no. attending meetings at station Sab. morn.
No. of inhabitants within the district of Waialua
No. of deaths in 1845 within the district
No. of births during the same time
(On sheet pasted on:)
Whole no. received to the Church on Examination
Whole no received on certificate
Past year on examination
On certificate past year
Whole no past year
Whole no. dismissed to other churches
Past year
Whole no. deceased is about
Deceased the past year
Suspended past 2 years
Remain suspended
Excommunicated the last 2 years
Whole no. excommunicated
Remain excommunicated
Whole no. in regular standing
Whole no. of children baptized
Baptized-past 2 years
Average congregation on the Sabbath
29
16
15
0
696
1
32
16
11
14
141
200
1539
105
16
696
32
1
2
3
333
0
58
11
16
16
29
180
119
141
514
14
200
�Waialua
1846
In N o v . last weekly morning prayer meetings to about the n o .
of 15 were established to be held simultaneously in various parts of
the field.
A year ago last winter there seemed to be a little waking up
of the ch. and an increase in the size of our congregations on the
Sabbath.
But this was of short continuance.
For the last 4 months
however I think there has been a little reviving.
Within this time
we have had Wed. meetings at our house specially designed for those
who enquire the way to Zion with faces thitherward.
attended these enquiry meetings is rising of 30.
The no. who have
A few of them cut
off from ch. fellowship in former years, but most of them from the
world.
A few of them manifested real seriousness.
Two or 3 of them
living at a distance and not usually attending meetings were first
aroused at the protracted meeting at Waianae which followed the
dedication of the new house of worship there.
A no. who have not
heretofore attended meetings on the Sabbath have for 2 or 3 months
attended.
Probably some of the brethren had they been acquainted
with these individuals who have called themselves inquirers might
have been in favor of their being received to the church.
As it is,
however, there being no pastor, some, who perhaps belong to the
Israel of God, are not gathered.
Meet. House
On going to Waialua we found one half of the meet. house at the
station a mass of ruins and the other half filled with rubbish the windows dashed in by stones and if not thorny and nettles, yet.
the castor oil bean springing up within the crumbling walls.
The
The stone had cried out of the wall and the beam out of the timber
had answered it; and from the ridgepole to the foundation revolt
had been the order of the day, except that a part of the walls,
�Waialua 1846
like Judah, and Benjamin, remains.
In order to prevent the remainder
of the house from being blown down by the winds of the approaching
winter we induced the people to thatch the open end of the house
had the rubbish removed and they made it a comfortable place for
meetings.
As all the circumstances relative to Waialua meeting house are
generally known by the members of this mission I need not enlarge.
Suffice it then to say that the house has been built tho’ in troublous
times.
How long and how hard has been the tug of collecting the
materials and setting up the house I will not say but of the aid
rendered us by persons abroad I am bound to speak with gratitude.
The Pastor of the 2d native ch. in Honolulu supplied our lack by
raising money in Honolulu and purchasing materials for the house to
the amount of 155 dollars which he got shipped round on a government
vessel free of charge.
Many of the Foreign Residents contributed
liberally and some of the Brethren of this Mission.
Also the ch. at
Ewa the 2d ch. in Honolulu and the church at Kanapali.
The above said individual also engaged carpenters and went to
W. with them and took hold with his own hands in getting up the
house -
Also persuaded the Governor to go over and thatch the house
which he did - taking 80 men and women with him.
These all aided
in the work and with the people of Waialua accomplished it in two
days.
The thatching
lathing
and plastering yet remain.
The lath
are on the spot and there yet remains the collecting of the coral
and the wood for burning it.
A few weeks more, and what remains will
I trust have been accomplished.
It is due to the King and to the
governor to say that most of the timber was drawn on paahao days
given by them.
It is very apparent that but for aid rendered from
abroad the work would never have been done.
Still the people of
Waialua, principally the ch. have given in cash between 50 and 60
�Waialua 1846
dollars.
6.
About 50 more may be needed to finish, it.
A great burden is now removed from our minds and we cannot but
hope that a brighter day has begun to dawn on Waialua - that when a
devoted pastor shall be found to go out and come in before that
people and feed them with the bread of life many who now wander as
lost sheep will be restored to the fold of the Good Shepherd, and
many who never belonged to that fold will be drawn into it with
the cords of love.
As Israel importuned Samuel for a King that they
might be like the nations around them, so the people are clamorous
in their prayers to the Lord that he will give them a real Kahunapule
(priest; preacher; pastor). Thus they pray - E haawi mai oe i
e
a
kahunapul/ no makou. Ua loaa i/ makou heia wahi kumuao wale no.
(Unsigned but marked on back:)
Mr. Wilcox’s
Report, May 1846
�Waialua, Oct. 1847
Dear Bro. Chamberlain.
In a note rec'd from you a few days since
you wish statistics of Chch, etc. but in consequence of my records
of Koolau station being left at the station & there having been
no statistics published for 1846 - I can give but a very meager
statement for Koolau.
Waialua stands thus at the present time.
Waialua
Haula
or
Koolau
700
5
4
4
342
55
5
47
32
9
184
174
530
16
27
400
233
450
whole no. ad. church on exon cert.
past year on Ex.
on certif.
whole no past year
whole dismissed other chcs.
dismissed past year
died
died past year
Susp. past year
Rem. Susp.
Excom. past year
Whole no. Excom.
Rem. excom.
Now in regular standing
Children baptised
past year
children died
past year
married past year
Average cong.
Children attending schools
Waialua protestants on the list
at examination
papist on the list
at examination
Koolau protestants on the list
at examination
papist on the list
n at examination
304
272
65
56
346
289
129
90
The marriages at both stations are thrown together in the table.
�2
1847
\
The prospects of the people are improving, attention to the
preached word encouraging, books a good deal enquired for - &
much better paid for than in the years past Contributions for building chches paying for a native ministry
&
during the past year would in the whole field be more than
$125.
We have one native helper devoted to preaching & ex
horting the people.
He has been in the field about 3 months
& thus far promises well.
He is from the Sem. at Lahainaluna & his wife is from the Sem.
at Wailuku & both are among the best beloved in the schools.
A want of good school houses is a great draw-back upon
our schools.
The cause of papacy is for the past year on the decline
among us -
Qui te a number both of parents & children have
left their congergations & schools and returned to us.
Their
complaint is they gain no knowledge among the papists & have
no books to read.
Within the past year we hope their have been some conver
sions from sin to Holiness for which we bless the lord.
Your brother in haste
J.S. Emerson.
�Station Report, Waialua
presented May 11, 1848
In accordance with the vote of Gen. Meeting two years since,
I made due arrangements for leaving Lahainaluna, & on the seventh of
July, w i t h my family embarked for Waialua where we arrived the fol
lowing morning, & were kindly recd by bro. & Sister Wilcox; who were
in waiting for their departure for their Station on Kauai.
Our feelings, in coming back to Waialua, were any other than
sanguine. A
s
we approached the place a sense of gloom & sadness came
over us, of which we were unwilling to speak & yet could not but
feel.
"Can these dry bones live” was our feeling, kindred to that
of the faithless prophet.
look strangely at us.
A few stragglers on the shore seemed to
Our anchor was thrown down & no one had yet
come near us; quite unlike our reception by the unclad natives of the
same place fourteen years before.
a hard battle before us.
I thought that I could read in this
Soon a few boys came along side in small
canoes, by whom we sent to Lanui, the chief, to provide for us
breakfast.
This gave things a little start.
the river to our station.
Soon we were on. our way up
Here almost the first object that met my
eye was an old grey headed man, an excommunicate from the church,
filling his calabash by the side of the river.
His eye merily
glanced upon us, & then he returned from the bank of the river with
the same apparent indifference as though we had been his known &
personal enemies.
Arriving at Lanui's, we soon found that he appeared kind &
friendly, & had provided for us an ample breakfast; which however we
were soon constrained to leave (or carry with us) & follow bro. &
Sister Wilcox to their home, whom we had supposed too much lumbered
�Waialua 1848
up to be in circumstances to accommodate us.
to look after our baggage.
offered gratuitous aid.
After dinner we began
Men were ready to help us, but none
Old times had passed away.
After two nights
spent at B r . Wilcox's our house was tenantable & we entered it:
but it was a sorry looking home to Mrs. E ., quite unlike the place
we had left but four years before. -
Yet it was our home, & we re-
solved to make the best of it.
The sabbath soon arrived - & I preached in the morning to about
300 people, a congregation, as Bro. W. informed me, almost twice as
large as usual.
The afternoon cong. was 175.
For successive sabbaths there was
no falling off; but rather an increase in the numbers, this was en
couraging.
And indeed we soon found that the apparent distance at
which the people held themselves was not occasioned by the coldness
that we thought was visible.
They had long been kept at a distance,
& the idea that they could be met with mutual cordiality by their
pastor, had long been forgotton ( !).
Many times after we heard this
remark "God has heard our prayers & returned to us our pastor” .
This feeling we have since been fully satisfied was not without
sincerity.
There was in many hearts a deep feeling of attachment to
those who had been with them from the beginning.
Although much occupied in constructing places for books medi
cines &c ; I made occasional excursions to Waialee, Kawaihapai &
Waimea; & on all occasions found encouragement.
The people were
not dead; but the wise & the foolish were sleeping together.
After
visiting Waialee repeatedly the people from Kahuku came down on a
sabbath afternoon & gave me a large congregation.
At which time a
number now profess to have given their hearts to the Savior.
who had for a long time been debared ( !) the privilege of the
Many,
�3.
W aia lu a 1848
Lords t a b l e , came forward with words of penitence & promises to
serve the Lord.
I d id not however f e e l in h aste to c r e d it the pro
fe s s io n s of but few of those who seemed to be coming up out of a
s l eep of y e a r s .
The subject of a communion for the Chch. at W aialua
often came up to mind but w a s defered ( ! ) fo r about three months,
& they had had no Com. for s ix months p revious.
The dread of the
r e s p o n s ib il it ie s of th e occasion was one reason for the d e l a y .
October the communion season was h e ld ,
In
a fter conversing in d iv id u a l l y
w ith each member of th e Church, & every one under d i s c i p l i n e , & a l l
out of th e Chch. who might desire to speak w it h me about t h e ir souls
concerns.
The effe c t of the occasion was happy, as also was that of
the communion se aso n .
Many new faces were seen in the house of God;
many old associations revived; & some became from that reason p er
manent attendants on r e lig io u s worship who befo re were strangers to
the house of God.
The names of many a t this time were announced as
p rofessedly penitent fo r th e ir departures from duty, as professed
follow ers of C h rist , & as resolved to re tu rn to the f a i t h & obedience
of the Gospel.
D uring the f i r s t year after my return to the s t a t io n , but one
was r e cd to the Church by pro fessio n ;
quite a number however of those,
who h ad formerly b een p rofessors, were restored to the bosom of the
Church.
- many o f whom have since w alked orderly among u s , & have
apparently honored th eir pro fessio n .
Our congregations at W aialua
have been on the in c re a se , during the past two y e a r s , & y et so slow
has been the increase & so regular that we could hardly t e l l the sab
baths when the greatest increase took p la c e ;
or the pleasant sab
baths when there were no new faces in the congregation.
Our congre
gations are now about 500 in the morning, & 400 in the afternoon at
the s t a t io n ;
-
there are also meetings h eld re g u la rly at seven or
�Waialua 1848
eight other places in the field embracing a number several times as
large as that which meets at the station.
I could not say that there has been a great revival of religion
at our station during the past two years, & yet there has been an
upward progress that is truly pleasing. -
Divine truth has been
listened to with increased attention by increasing numbers both
morning & evening of the Sabbath, as well as on lecture days & monthly
concerts; -
a disposition also to contribute & to labor for the pro-
motion of objects of benevolence has greatly increased; -
all of
which are more encouraging than would have been any great & genral ( ! )
rush, that might continue for a few months & then subside.
Koolauloa.
There are now in Koolauloa two separate Chchs. whose centres
are Haula & Kahuku; eight miles distant from each other, & the
former is twenty miles from the station at W aialua.
The church at
Kahuku was not organized till the first Sabbath in April last, but
had a separate communion in the month of Decr previous.
With these
two churches I have spent seventeen or eighteen sabbaths during the
past year & ten months.
Bro. Gulick also has spent with them four
or five sabbaths besides repeated sabbaths & parts of sabbaths spent
at Waialee.
On my first visit to Haula ( !) I met a very large congregation,
many more than their meeting-house could contain; -
& on all pleas
ant sabbaths since, when due notice has been given, the attendance
in the morning has been uniformly large; & repeatedly so large, that
the school house has been filled with a congregation of children while
the meeting house was filled with adult worshippers.
The interest in
religious meetings i n Koolau is apparently very good, & increasingly
so.
More persons have been recd to those chchs. than to the Waialua
chch. -
not perhaps however because there is more piety there than
�Waialua
5.
1848
at Waialua, but it may be, because the pastor, having a less perfect
knowledge of their private habits & manner of life is less able to
reasonably oppose or deferr their admission to the chch.
Native helpers.
Of these we have in Koolau two, besides the leaders of sevral (!
)
divisions or neighbourhoods in the field, of these there are about
forty, who conduct morning prayer meetings &c.
These two native
helpers are both graduates from the Theol. class in the Seminary in
1847.
Their names are Kekela &. NUiapaakai.
The former is located
at Kahuku, & is doing good; the latter is just commencing his labors
at Laie, where there is much need of such labor as he is able to
perform.
I hope that these two men will be licensed to preach the gospel
by the Hawaiian Association or by brethren present before we break
up.
The religious interest in Koolau, as well as Waialua, has been
on the increase during the past year.
Morning prayer meetings in
nearly all the neighborhoods have been well attended.
The Bible
has been a good deal called for & many are reading it through in
course.
The Elele & school books generally have been much called
for.
Statistics of the church.
The statistics of the churches -
I unite in one as it is not
easy to report in form & correctly without so doing.
Whole no. ad. on examination
"
"
"
by letter - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Admitted the past two years on exam.
”
773.
60.
71.
the past two years on certif. - - - -
19
Dismissed -in all to other chchs. - - - - - -
65
Dismissed the past 2 years
10
�6.
Waialua 1848
Died in all
103
Died past two years - - - - - - - - - - - - -
27
Now in regular standing - - - - - - - - - - -
461
Whole no of children baptized - - - - - - - -
618
Baptized the past two years - - - - - - - - -
76
Marriages the past 2 years - - - - - - - - -
78
Average congregations
"
Waialua
" ---- ----------------- --
"
Kahuku
" - - - - - - -
"
Haula
" - - - - -
- - - -
---
___
- -
500
200
450
Contributions.
Our three Chchs. are but a small band, among the smallest of
the Hawaiian Chchs. & but a short time since they were very back
ward to hear the preached gospel; there has been however a pleasing
improvement in their disposition to act as well as to hear.
Contributions during the two past years have been as follows.
From Koolau cash
Waialua "
Koolau & Waialua for S.N.E.
"
forKekela
"
In all cash from both fields
$65.80
420.68
20.00
45.66
552.14
There have also been contributed in labor, materials for building a
meeting house in Koolau, which materials are on hand about
$100.
Work performed at Kahuku for Kekela & the meeting house at
that
place $50.00.
Work, at Waialua in getting wood, lime for meeting house & thatch
ing a room for a vestry
in all
$200.
$350.
Whole amount of contributions in the field, not including $662, handed
me by Mr. Wilcox & $5.87 by Rev. L. Smith
$902.14 of the cash con
tributed, $420.68 have been expended in repairs on the meeting house
�Waialua 1848
7.
at W. which is now floored & partially seated, the rest, except what
was contributed for S .N.E. & Kekela, is in the form of materials
for the erection of a permanent church at Haula in Koolau.
The contributions at Waialua have altogether exceeded my expec
tations; as that portion of the Church has contributed, during the
past two weeks to cancel a debt for the last repairs on the meeting
house a sum of$
.
0
2
1
I indulge the hope that some of our people are beginning to feel
that poverty is not induced by giving in support of benevolent objects,
but the contrary.
Of the truth of this they have of late had several
striking illustrations.
One chch. member, under discipline, had with held his contribu
tions, & had successfully persuaded others to do likewise.
This man
has recently had his buildings all destroyed by fire with everything
he posse(sse)d.
Another individual of opposite character, who had
contributed in cash about $18. for the meeting house, found all his
plans were prospering; this man, in order to pay up the debt standing
against them, contributed only a few days since $350 in addition to
former contributions.
His neighbours see in these two cases, as well
as in a multitude of others, that the Lord prospers those who seek
intelligently the promotion of his kingdom in the earth.
The prompt
ness with which this debt has been paid up has greatly relieved &
cheered my mind.
Labors.
Much of the time I have given all who wished to converse with me
in the district of Waialua a chance to do it once per month.
Of this
opportunity some two hundred persons have been in the habit of avail
ing themselves.
To this labor a good portion of three days has gen-
erally been devoted each month; & it has not been without its ad-
�Waialua
vantages.
1848
8.-------
When practable ( !) I have had a school 1 1/2 hours each
week, in which I have read & explained the Hawaiian laws to the
people.
This school has been much desired by a few of the more
intelligent portion of the people.
It has been attended Wednesday
P.M. previous to the stated Wednesday lecture.
During the past four months I have made eight tours in the dis
trict of Koolau, for preaching & attending protracted meetings
examining schools &c.
I have also spent twelve days during this
time in conversing with the people individually in respect to their
spiritual condition.
I am of the opinion that frequent, close & pointed conversation
with individuals, in respect to their feelings, habits & hopes are,
in connection with the preaching of the gospel of very great impor
tance in rousing the attention of the careless & the stupid.
Communion seasons, of which we have twelve per year in three
chchs. are seasons of great labor & exhaustion; - as I am in the
habit of conversing individually with each member of the chch. during
the week previous to the communion.
This season is made the more laborious, from the necessity that
is put upon me to withstand a torrent of urging & pressing arguments
from our deacons for large & speedy additions to the church.
One
said, standing before me in an eloquent atitude ( !), "Was not Saul,
the son (of) Kish, a wicked man up to the time when Samuel annointed
him with oil; & did he not immediately receive another heart & be
come another man; why then not expect that men will become better by
being baptized & recd . to the church?"
I find no argument against
making natives pastors of chchs. so strong as this one, the utter
impossibility of their being able to say no, when importuned to
make great additions to the chch.
Meetings for prayer have been
�9.
Waialua 1848
held, the past year in many neighbourhoods, every morning; the fe
males in many cases meeting by themselves & the males by themselves.
Mrs. E. has held a monthly meeting with all the female super
intendents of prayer meetings, & they in turn have held weekly
meetings for prayer & exhortation which have been productive of much
good.
Schools.
the schools in Waialua will be reported by Bro. Gu-
lick & also his other labors, respecting which it becomes me here
to say that his labors in conducting meetings at the out posts, &
preaching at the station, in case of my absence & at other times as
health would permit has often been very timely & desireable ( !).
Schools in Koolau have been of an improved order of late, &
the teachers, getting better pay than formerly, are coming up to
their work with an increase of strength.
There are in Koolau thir
teen protestant schools, & five papist schools - protestant scholars
385, papist do. 90, prot. readers 190 papist do. 52; prot. writers
130, papist do. 20; protest in written Arithmetic 111, papist do. 31.
Protestant Algebra 50, Papist do none.
papist none.
Protestant singers 58,
The pay o f teachers is in proportion to their qualifi
cations to teach & the number of their scholars.
Nearly all the protestant teachers are paid 25 cts. per day,
but not more than one of the papist teachers receives more than
122 cts. - & no one of them could probably pass an examination such
as would meet the requirements of the law.
Of the protestant teachers, five are from the Seminary at Lahainaluna, the rest were taught in the field.
The schools of the
papists are all small, & a large number of the children nominally
belonging to them are very young, really too young to be in school.
�Waialua 1848
Schools & temperance celebrations.
Of these we have had five in the field during the past two
years, two at Waialua, two at Haula in Koolau & one at Kahuku.
The feasts at Waialua were very pleasant seasons, the latter, which
was attended in February last, far surpassing in the exhibition
of comforts & conveniences for furnishing a table the former, &
showing a progress onward & upward in civilization.
The feasts at
Haula also were of an encouraging character, showing that the people
have resources & ability, whenever they may set about the accomplish
ment of an object.
Tables, chairs, plates, knives, forks, bowls,
spoons, tumblers, mugs &c &c. all seemed to be at hand & abundant.
But the exhibition of their table furniture at the last celebration
much exceeded that of the year previous.
A range of tables, not
less than four hundred or 500 feet in length, was well furnished
with an abundance of crockery & glass ware, displaying a good degree
of taste & skill both in selection & arrangement & order of the fur
niture, as well as the richness & variety of the vivands (viands ?).
Some of the tables cost fifteen dollars each; & the whole amount
expended by the people in procuring these articles of furniture &
clothing for themselves & children for this occasion was estimated
at several thousand dollars.
There were also on the ground & tied
near the place of feasting between 400 & 500 horses & animals
of the horse kind, nearly all of which were rode on to the ground
by natives who owned them.
The cellebration ( !) at Kahuku was encouraging, displayed a
good amount of effort to improve their furniture dress &c.
The
effect of these cellebrations will be in all cases to aid forward
the cause of civilization & refinement, by creating wants such as
the rude barbarian does not feel & is slow to cherish.
It is by
�Waialua 1848
impulses, such, as these, this people will be lead to use tables,
plates, knives, forks, spoons, tumblers, pots, kettles &c. all of
which at the outset are to them useless articles, only in the way;
& when the feast is over most of them will be laid aside to rust
or not, as useless trash.
Without new wants are created, industry can hardly be expected
to increase to a very great extent; for who will work without a
motive?
There needs however in my opinion much vigilance on the
part of the missionary to prevent their celebrations from running
into an ext(r)eme.
At the last celebration at Haula, I noticed an
elegant youth, dressed in the perfection of good taste, from the
ribbon in the shoe to the white glove.
I marveled to know where he
could deposit his rich attire after the occasion was passed.
A
few days later, I called at the home, where the youth lived, to ad
minister medicine to a poor sick woman.
25 feet by twelve without partitions.
The house was in size about
The posts of the house/ were
four & a half or five feet high; door at the end where I entered
three &
or four feet high.
The house was covered with thatch,
well smoked up by cooking food &c in the centre of the house.
The
bui(l)ding was inhabited by fourteen souls of men, besides cats
& dogs many.
There were no mats on the ground, inside of the house,
except in a portion of the house, but the ground was covered by dry
grass.
A roll of mats however lay on one side of the building be
sides a canoe & its furniture, with an abundance of calabashes &
perhaps one or two trunks -
The air in the building, as I remained
in it ten or fifteen minutes created in me a pain in my head, &
quite an uncomfortable feeling in my stomach, so foul was its charac
ter; yet in this house lived that young man whose dress at the tem
perance celebration was sufficiently splendid & rich to adorn the
�Waialua 1848
palace of the King.
If such celebrations could (be) closed up by an examination
of the houses of the people & their internal arrangments ( !), I
think that the happy effects of the same might be greatly increased.
As to school houses.
There was but one protestant school
house in the district two years since, & that was a meeting house
used for a school house.
There are now seven good grass houses for
schools, but furniture for the same is wanting.
Papists.
The papists have two meetings regularly in our field on sabbath
days, one in the district of Waialua, & the other at Kaluanui in
Koolau, nearly thirty miles apart.
They occasionally meet at two
or three other places, when the foreign priest passes through the
field.
The number who are accostomed ( !) to meet on the sabbath
is now as I am informed very small, perhaps 50 or 100 at Waialua, &
100 or 125 in Koolau.
They have ho decent house of worship in the
k (!)
field, & none of any kin\, that would accommodate over 100 persons.
They have had the foundation of a stone house laid at Waialua for
more than two years, but for the past two years I have seen no
evidence of progress in the work.
There has been a regular but very gradual decline in popish
influence in our field for at least two years.
Their foreign priests
have not been popular, & were rather tolerated & endured than de
sired by their own followers.
I regard the present influence of the papists in our field as
an evil but not without its advantages in this imperfect state.
It
makes the people more observing; they judge the professed teachers
of religion as well as their disciples by their works.
They also
begin to feel the necessity of going to the Bible to learn truth &
to see if the preacher builds on the foundation of the apostles &
�Waialua 1848
13.
prophets & not on his own.
It is reported that there is a dissatisfaction with the Popish
priest arising from an undue partiality shown by him in the confessional to the handsom(e) females, to the mortification of those
who receive no kiss from him; but the truth of this I have not at
tempted to trace out very largely.
A few females give these unde
sired attentions as the reason for leaving the papists.
Other practices are rumored, not suitable to be reported here,
that raised the disgust of some, who once were of their number.
Time the revealer of secrets will make its own report on this subject.
Secular labors.
Of these I have found occasion for the performance of a great
variety.
When we returned to the post two years since cultivation,
except in the kalo patches beyon(d) the reach of the cat(t)le, had been
almost entirely laid aside; so that for many months the past year
bananas, potatoes, melons &c. were not to be found in the district,
& there was no prospect that there ever would be any again till
some one made a move on the subject.
Many of the people had left
their lands, & others were on the point of leaving, as poverty only
was before them.
The pastor, in these circumstances, felt either
compelled to see his parish given up to the entire ravages of wild
cat(
t)
le, & be left without a people or else engage in efforts to
procure them relief.
The latter alternative was adopted; & after
much time was expended, much writing performed, & many trials of
feeling submited ( !) to, the people are now placed in a fair way to
be protected in their rights.
There is now a pound for estrays ready
for use; &, what is better, there is a law made by the people themsleves taxing all catle ( !) & horses running at large, to aid in
building enclosures.
The people have also engaged to work two full
�Waialua 1848
days per month on these inclosures; or, in case of absence, to pay
25 cts. for each days absence.
The lord of the soil has also engaged
to give two of his working days for the same object.
The people are
now engaged with a good degree of enthusiasm in erecting stone
walls, of not less than ten of (or) fifteen miles in extent, to
enclose their various plantations.
If this work is completed Waialua
will be greatly improved.
The people, in some parts of the field, are beginning to think
of the use of the plough.
Fifteen yoke of steers have (been) sold
to natives from the Mission heard
( !), & most of them are at this
time in the progress of training, by drawing stones for fences.
plough is already purchased by a native & ready for use.
One
When
natives use their own ploughs on their own soil, there is hope that
they will not all become hewers of wood & drawers of water, & herds
men for foreigners.
Untill the plough is thus used by them, their
prospect of becoming their own masters is small.
Our oven family.
We have been generally blessed with health yet Mrs. E. has
been a part of the time somewhat afflicted.
We have sent to Hono
lulu once only for a physician for a sick child, but in that case
were disappointed in not being able to obtain one; yet God in mercy
blessed our instrumentality & raised up the child then prostrate with
disease.
Our oldest son, after two years detention from study on account
of disease in his eyes, took passage in the Abraham Howland with Br.
Forbes & family for the U. States.
was great, but duty was clear.
The trial of parting with him
This trial hew ever was much relieved
by the pleasing & increasing evidence we were permited ( !) to enjoy,
that he had truly given his heart to the Savior.
On the 7th of
�15.
Waialua 1848
January, he & John Gulick united themselves to the native chch. at
Waialua, a circumstance which I doubt not, has tended to increase
the interest of the natives in them both.
When Saml was about leav
ing for the U. States the chch. members, at their own instance, made
up a purse of $20. for his use in procuring articles to he regarded
as a present from them.
They now often speak of him with interest.
My opinion is, that our children, if pious should unite to the chchs.
of which their parents are pastors, & not to a mission chch. which,
from the nature of the case, cannot not ( !) meet but once in one or
two years.
In conclusion I would record the goodness of God to us, at this
station, during the past two years.
While we have not been unvisited
by sickness, death has not been allowed to enter our Missionary dwell
ings.
While our labours as missionaries have been attended with the
blessing of God.
I know of no period when the Influences of the Spirit
have appeared to be more obviously & abidin(g)ly present with the
people, yet working in a still & silent way, making it obvious that it
was of God & not of man.
As our congregation have been regularly in
creasing in number, so have our contributions regularly increased in
amount & our people advanced in industry & civilization.
Our debts for meeting house &c have been paid up & every good work
progresses.
Intemperance has not been known in our field during the
past two years - yet I have heard of awa having been raised & sold to
the government officer in some quantities & used secretly by the lowest
class of the people.
�16.
Waialua 1848
Statistics of the Chch.
Ad. on Exam.
By letter
Ad. past 2 years by exam
Do by letter
Dis to other chchs.
Do past 2 years
Died in all
Died past 2 years
Now in reg. standing
Lost or wandering
Whole no. children paptized ( !)
Bap. past 2 years
Married past 2 years.
Average cong. Waialua
D o . Kahuku
Haula
773
60
71
19
65
10
103
27
461
210
618
76
78
500
200
450
(Unsigned; J.S. Emerson)
�Gulick's Report - Waialua, 1848
In reviewing the period that has elapsed since we last assembled
here, it will he no tedious task to tell the amt of my missionary la
bors.
They have been few & feebly performed.
Owing to causes beyond
our control, it was not till the first of Aug. /46 that we reached our
present station. And the effort required for moving & getting things
in their proper places I found quite exhausting to my enfeebled system.
And I had scarcely recovered from sickness occasioned by those efforts,
ere an unusually rainy winter set in; & this bro't with it, rheumatism
cough, & an increase of the bronchial disease, with wh. I have long
been afflicted.
And my history during the last winter has been sub
stantially the same.
Two of our children have also been visited with alarming illness.
But through divine goodness, they were graciously spared to us. -
For
months in succession I have been unable to do anything worth naming.
And even when more comfortable, I am so far worn out, rusted out
or withered by disease, that I have very little energy & resolution
either for mental or physical effort of any kind.
I have however,
during most of the time been able to preach a little; & exercise a
limited superintendence of the schools in Waialua district.
In all I
have delivered 87 sermons & lectures, attended some funerals & prayer
meetings; & the children's Sab. schools when health permitted. The schools In our district, tho by no means what we wish to see
them, are doubtless doing much good, & I think are better sustained
than they formerly were.
The teachers are now promptly paid, & I be
lieve to the full amt of their earning.
There are a little rising 300
pupils on the Protestant teachers' list; but somewhat short of this
in regular attendance.
50 pupils.
There are also two popish schools with about
The govt Superintendent is an honest, & good man, & himself
�Waialua 1848
a teacher.
2.
There are 9 schools & 7 other teachers, & 2 assistant
teachers on half pay.
A singing school is also taught by a graduate from Lahainaluna;
& is exerting a good influence.
During the year a substantial stone school house has been erected
at the station, 60 feet by 30, & so far finished as to be useable tho
quite incomplete.
It has already cost about $200.- cash, beside a
considerable amt of lumber & some work done by publick authority.
To
meet this expense, it was deemed necessary to suspend the schools 3
months, & devote the funds usually appropriated to paying teachers to
that object.
Another schoolhouse has been erected at an out station.
The children that can read, generally commit a verse of Scripture
daily, & recite it in school; & more than 100 are connected with the
station Sab. school.
Their attendance however, till latterly has been
quite irregular; but for several weeks past there has been a very
pleasing change in this respect.
recite it at the Sab. school.
Those pupils who commit Scripture
And when able to be present I endeavor
to expound the verses recited, & to impress the truth upon their minds.
We have had annually a publick festival, about the beginning of
the year designed chiefly tho not exclusively for the benefit of the
children.
On these, & other occasions it has been very gratifying to
observe the clear indications of advancing civilization, & improvement
in the social condition, of the people with whom we sojourn.
These
are apparent in the dress, & general appearance of the mass of the
people, & more especially of the children.
They appear also in the
increase of their household furniture, the possession of cattle horses,
&c.
>•
�3.
Waialua 1848
Statistics
10 Teachers, including 2 assistants
7
? X Schools
300 pupils
185 Readers
100 writers
180 In arithmetic
100 In geography
45 Scripture Geography
Protestant
Schools &
teachers
�Report of P.J. Gulick April 1849
Waialua, Oahu
In reviewing the year past, we find very little worth recording,
except an uninterrupted stream, of goodness & mercy, to us & ours, from
the Giver of every good gift.
When in His righteous dispensations, the rain descended, & the
floods came, & li terally surrounded, & threatened to overwhelm us,
He who sitteth upon the flood, said, hitherto shalt thou come, but no
further; & here shall thy proud waves be stayed; hence we were neither
swallowed up, nor seriously injured.
And when the pestilence which walketh In darkness, & the destruc
tion which wasted at noonday, on our right hand, & on our left, entered
out dwelling, & had even prostrated one of our number, the same all
powerful voice, of our great Benefactor arrested their progress; the
victim was restored, and our 'olive plants' are still about us.
May these unspeakable mercies, lead both them & their parents, to feel
their increased obligations to honor & glorify Him, who hath bestowed
them.
Although our own steps have apparently, of a long season, been on
the verge of the grave, which has as it were yawned to receive us, still
our tottering feeble frames have been sustained, and our health, not
greatly reduced below its ordinary level.
And yet, so little direct
missionary work, has either of us been able to do, that I cant imagine
it has been for this, that our lives have been prolonged.
During the prevalence of the epidemics (which as you are aware,
was several months;) we, like many of our brethren, were chiefly oc
cupied in efforts to supply the physical wants of our sick & dying
neighbors.
The scenes of suffering then witnessed, have led us in
publick & private to make efforts to induce them to provide in time
�2.
Waialua 1849
of health, for emergencies of a similar nature.
It seems apparent,
that, unless they can be induced in stead of spending their money for
silks & other superfluities, to lay it out in building comfortable
houses, & in procuring food & raiment for themselves and families adap
ted to their circumstances, a few more such visitations, would leave
but a meager remnant of the nation. -
The dispensations of Providence
towards them, seem to say to each of us, with emphatic tone, What
thou doest, (either for their bodies or their souls - 'do quickly',
for the time to do them good, is gliding rapidly away; \ they will soon
be beyond your reach. Our direct public efforts, in our Master's cause, may be summed up
in a few words.
Though not always able to preach, I have on an averag\ (!)
delivered about one sermon weekly.
In addition to this, I have usually
superintended the station Sabbath school, have attended some 12 or 15
funerals, & various prayermeetings.
During a considerable part of the year, I have also, held a weekly
meeting with the children of 5 schools of our vicinity in our station
school house.
I usually spend about an hour with them in hearing them
recite the catechism prepared by Mr. Armstrong, explaining it to them,
and endeavoring to impress the fundamental truths therein contained,
on their consciences.
And from their proficiency in committing to memory, & their appar
ent understanding of the subjects bro't to view, I have hope that some
salutary impressions may be made on their minds, which will never be
oblitterated; & that should they be spared a generation may be reared,
which shall be far in advance of their fathers; in mental & moral
culture.
For a few months, I have had a school once a week for the
teachers in our vicinity.
Our time was spent in reading Moral Phil
osophy correcting their errors & comments on that work.
�Waialua 1849
3.
During the prevalence of the epidemics, the schools were unavoid
ably suspended.
Except this, and a previous recess of two weeks, they
have been in operation, & the teachers are promptly paid, & as I think
to the full value of their services.
And although they are not doing,
nor qualified to do, all the school master should do; yet it is believed
they are doing an important work, for the rising generation.
And al
though the children do not advance, as fast as we desire to see them,
still that they do advance, I have no doubt.
And that many of them, can
readily answer questions, in arithmetic & geography which would have
puzzled many who were teachers a few years since, I am equally sure. As to school houses, there is, in our district, but one that can
sustain even a tolerable claim to that name; & that tho having substan
tial walls, & a good thatched roof, has neither doors floor, nor seats;
properly speaking.
We should however have been able to report more favorably, in this
particular, had there been suitable lumber for finishing the house,
in market.
Beams for a floor have been procured, funds are in hand for
purchasing flooring &c; & an effort to raise more, for paying the car
penter, & defraying other incidental expenses, has been commenced by
cultivating the land in our enclosure.
a bill of expense.
But as yet, this has been only
It is presumed however that some $40. or 50.00 will
be realized from this source, in a few months.
(Unsigned)
�Waialua 1849
Statistics of schools
Waialua
9 Schools
9 Teachers
325 Pupils total at last examination.
221 Readers
207 In arithmetic
145 In written geography
122 in Topographical do
100 Writers
35
Read in Huli kanaka viz Moral philosophy
About 200 Have read in the Scriptures X
Until they commenced the study of the catechism in school, the readers w
were accustomed to commit a verse a day from the N. Testament.
Teachers receive from 12 1/2 to 25 cts pr day for their services, either
in cash, or articles at cash value.
X Since the examination from which these statistics were gathered one
school of 39 has been suspended the no. of scholars having fallen below
15 wh the law requires to constitute a school.
including 77 pupils.
There were 4 Popish schools
But one of these of 19 pupils has been disbanded.
In our station Sab. School there were a little rising 100 children.
Some $200. or $300 on hand for building School houses.
(Unsigned) (Gulick)
�April 1849
Station report for Waialua, Oahu
The past year has been to us a very eventful one.
During its
rapid flight we have passed through Scenes pleasant & cheering to
our hearts, & others again deeply distressing & disheartening.
Sick
ness among the natives & in my own family has disarranged a large por
tion of my plans; so that many things I fully intended to do have
failed of accomplishment, while many others that I had no calculation
for performing have been forced upon me.
On returning home from our last General Meeting, we found our
people in a good degree of readiness to attend to religious instruction.
Congregations on the sabbath were full & attentive, & meetings, of two
or three days continuance, were held at the request of the people in
various parts of the field.
These meetings were well attended; &
were instrumental of bringing out to public worship quite a number of
people, who had been stupid & unconcerned; & on the minds of some
it is hoped that Divine truth has been set home with saving power.
Much of my time during the first three or four months of the year was
spent very pleasantly & I trust profitably among the people in Waialua
& Koolau.
B r . Gulick also being in better health than usual, labored
as his health would allow.
us.
That was one of the spring seasons among
The word of the Lord seemed to take effect.
It was not like water
spilled upon the ground, but like seed planted in a prepared soil.
This pleasant state of things continued with increasing interest, till
early in October, when a sudden check was put to our efforts in preach
ing the gospel, & to many of our hearers a final period for hearing it.
Sickness among the people & in my own family.
Early in October, influenza, measles & whooping cough, made their
A appearance almost simultaniously ( !) among our people; & in a short
time prostrated their energies, so that meeting for public worship
�Waialua 1849 -
J.S. Emerson
2.
were well nigh suspended for the want of attendants.
Indeed all meet
ings , except the regular services on the Sabbath, Wednesday lecture,
monthly concert & Sabbath morning prayer meetings were entirely omitted,
& these were thinly attended.
The congregation during the winter was
not more than one third as large as during the summer previous.
Those
who were well were very few, & all seemed needed to take care of the
sick, both on the Sabbath & on week days; & their attentions were quite
inadequate to the necessities of those prostrate by disease.
The
measles were generally followed by diarrhea, which frequently was
neglected till past remedy.
Many fell victims to its rage; others were
reduced to a weak & feeble state, & lingered along till February, when
the influenza made a new attack upon us; & very many, who were slowly
recovering from debility, were soon laid prostrate in death.
During the year 1848
298nof our people were called to their final
account, & most of them during this period of sickness.
Many others
have died since the first of January last, but how many I am not able
to state.
Deaths are still occuring with more than ordinary frequency.
By means of this protracted sickness much that was encouraging
became less so; much that seemed well begun, must be begun over again.
Up to the present time we have not got back to the favorable
position in which we stood six months since.
Our schools, that were
suspended from Novr till February, are not yet as efficient as or as
well attended as before.
Neither are our meetings for publick worship
as fully attended as in Sept. last.
Stupidity & neglect, rather than
wakefulness & attention, seem to have been induced by sickness & death.
The period of sickness was one of much heaviness of heart, & of
much labor.
It created great heaviness of heart to see the house of
God well nigh deserted, & no access to the people except as we dealt
out medicines at our doors, or visited from house to house.
The people
�Waialua 1849 - J.S. Emerson
3.
were allowed free access to us by day & by night, without any detriment
to ourselves; & hundreds of the sick were visited at their homes, where
the demonstrations of their gratitude were often truly gratifying.
Both of the mission families have been visited with more or less
illness during the year.
Both Bro. & Sister Gulick have been repeatedly
ill; - & I also have been admonished that I am mortal.
But no pro
tracted or severe attack of disease has called for a visit from the
physician till the 24th of January last, when another was added to
the number of our children.
Since then & up to the present day Mrs.
E . has been a sufferer, & most of the time confined to her bed.
The
active stage of her disease, phlegmasia solens, is now past; but a
weakened system, a limb some what swelled, often painful & very much
weakened, are still depriving her of the privilege of administering as
formerly to the necessities of the family.
Receptions to the Chch.
The effects of the interest at the commencement of the year, have
not wholy ( !) passed away.
trust will endure.
There are some precious fruits which we
Quite a number of backsliders have been reclaimed;
some chch. members that were inactive have been revived; & a number
of whom we indulged doubts have become more decided in their religious
characters; & others who never before appeared to have any interest in
religion now pray.
There have been recd to the chchs under my care
by profession during the past year
by certificate
Restored to the fellowship of the chch.
Present number of chch. members
151
12
47
610
Native helpers.
Kekela, of whom mention was made last year, still labors at Kahuku,
with fidelity & success.
whom 87 are chch. members.
The population of his field is but 331; of
His influence over them is good; they
�Waialua 1849 - J.S. Emerson
4.
appear to love & respect him, & think they can support him.
May last they have contributed for his support $48.17.
Since
He has also
recd by the hand of Bro. Alexander from the students of the Seminary
$10. & a like sum has also been contributed to Naua paakai, from the
same source.
Kekela & his wife are daily employed in teaching a singing & day
School, from which employment they receive a portion of their support.
Nauapaakai preaches at Hauula, & occasionally at other places in
Koolau.
He is doing well so far as has come to my knowledge.
He &
his wife are both employed in teaching schools a good portion of the
time & from school teaching they obtain most of their means of support.
The chch. at Hauula is now making an effort to erect a stone house
for publick worship.
They contributed in cash the past year mainly for
that object $111.87.
The walls of the house were commenced before the
sickness, but have not been touched since.
Timber & lime are ready for the completion of the frame work of
the house.
The chch. hopes to have the building up the present season.
There are in the Hauula chch. 237 members; & the whole population of
the field is 1216.
Their contributions in cash the past year for the
cause of Christ if averaged upon the entire population would amount to
between 9 & 10 cts each. -
If averaged upon the members of the chch.
it would equal 47 cts. to each member/.
Admissions to this chch by profession the past year 63 - & 47
have been restored to its fellowship.
Waialua Chch.
This embraces at the present time 286 members of
whom 63 were received the past year by profession & 5 by letter.
There
have been restored to this Chch. 35 who were under discipline.
Benevolent contributions - Cash contributed the past year in the
District of Waialua for seating the meeting house
$401.93.
This nearly
�Waialua 1849 - J.S . Emerson
5.
covers the whole expense of the work, that remained to b e done at
the close of the previous year.
The entire population of the field over which this chch. is
spread is 1690. of whom several hundred profess to he popists.
The
contributions of the past ten months if equalized upon the entire popu
lation of Waialua would amount to 25 cts to each man woman & child.
equalized upon the chch. it amounts to $1.40 for each member.
If
A
large portion of the people in this field have paid their school tax
in cash $2. each.
Church discipline.
The occasions for discipline in the chch.
during the past year have not been numerous, in all eight, four of which
were for giving or aiding in false testimony; a sin which is alarmingly
prevalent among the Hawaiian people.
Improvements.
The flooring & seating our Meeting House at Waialua
have added much to its appearance, & to t h e convenience of the worshipers.
The house is now nearly fitted with
made of N.W. boards &
well put together; & all paid for by the people except one or two
contributions by other friends.
Many of these slips have been purchased by individuals for the accom
odation of their families.
The idea of owning each his own slip is
very popular, & has aided much in raising the requisite funds to defray
the expenses of the house.
The idea also of each family always ap
pearing in their own slip on the sabbath is pleasing to them as well
as to their pastor.
Little has been done for school-houses during the year, either
in Waialua or Koolau.
have been erected.
Four or five grass ones of moderate value only
That portion of the year in which the erection of
school-houses was contemplated, was a season of sickness & a part of
it was also the rainy season.
We very much need ten or twelve good
school houses in the field & also two houses for public worship.
I
�Waialua 1849 - J.S Emerson
am happy to state that the materials for the erection of two of the
former are on hand, & the business has been commenced.
The meeting house at Hauula which is to be built of stone laid up
in lime, it is hoped will be in a good state of forwardness during the
present season.
Popery.
This evil has not apparently been on the increase, during
the past year.
Their Schools are two less than they were one year
since; & one or two others would be droped ( !), if the Kahu-kula en
forced the law that requires 15 scholars to entitle the teacher to pay
from Government.
A few of the papal teachers needing books have come
to us for bibles & testaments.
To one I gave 12 testaments on receiving
a promise from him, that he would take care of them & daily teach his
scholars to read in them.
books.
To this he readily made promise & took the
But at the examination of schools, that soon followed, he apo
logized for not bringing forward his testaments as the priest had taken
possession of them, & locked them up in his chest.
The teacher has
since informed me that the books could not be returned to me, as the
priest had distributed them around among his brethren, the priests, &
several of them had become soiled by use.
There is hope for the papal
priests, if they are so anxious to get hold of the word of God for
themselves to read, as to feel justified In taking without leave the
property of others, that they may read it.
The last report of schools
in Koolau gives the following statistics Scholars in papal schools
58
Scholars in protestant Schools
329
Papal schools diminished in numbers past year
71
Protestant
17
do
do
do
This decrease is in part occasioned by a tax levied on boys over
16 years of age for the support of schools - & nearly all such boys
�Waialua 1849 - J.S. Emerson
choose to leave school if they must pay a tax for its support.
Schools in Waialua will he reported by Bro. Gulick.
An. attempt at proselyting by a Jesuite. ( !)
One of our deacons was very sick, the past winter & was supposed
by many of his friends to be past recovery.
One of them, a papist
l (!)
It was a rainy /ime, the streams
reported his condition to the priest.
(I)
were greatly swolen & very rapid; a good time for meritorious action
in the view of a jesuite.
Our deacon lived on one side of a large &
rapid stream & the papist priest on the other side.
The Priest chose
this as a good time for conquest, so he waded through the water & mud,
& swimming the turbid stream, landed near the house of the deacon; &,
all dripping wet, went in to convert him to popery.
After some words
of salutation, the priest expressed his great solicitude for the sal
vation of the heretic; & proposed to baptize him that he might die
happy & be saved.
The deacon objected as he had been baptized.
The
priest insisted that his baptism would not save him as it was not
administered by the right person, but by a heretic only; & in proof
of his honesty & truth in thus saying alluded to his own clothing all
soaking wet; & that nothing but love for his soul could have induced
him, under such circumstances to come to baptize & save him.
The deacon assured him that dying or living he was satisfied with
his baptism & his Saviour & wished no other.
The priest retired much
grieved at the hard & unyielding character of our deacon.
This fact is one of the many to show that Jesuites in these Isls .
do attempt to proselyte; how much so ever they may complain of us, as
guilty of it.
General improvements.
Some natives are getting possession of meat-cattle; yokes chains
drags &c are in considerable use.
Good stone walls are rising up in
many places a substitute for old rotten adoby fences.
Timber is now
�Waialua 1849 - J.S. Emerson
8.
drawn from the woods by oxen; which but a little time since was drawn
by natives.
Ploughs are enquired for - But upland cultivation has not
yet been commenced with much vigor.
Land is desired by many, but only
one native has yet been able to procure any by purchase.
There are now 4 or 5 boats running much of the time between W.
& H. owned by the natives of Waialua.
Is now very much out of fashion.
Carrying burdens across the Land
Industry is obviously increasing, but
it increases slowly, & ability to obtain property has increased beyong
the disposition to industry.
Statistics of the Church
924 Whole no. admitted on Examination
72 Whole no. admitted on certificate
151 Ad. past year on exam.
12 Do on certificate
70 Dismissed to other chchs.
5 Do past year
155 Died in all
52 Died past year
610 Now in regular standing
654 Children baptized
36 Baptized past year
8
Disciplined the past year
35 Married the past year.
1500 Attendants on public worship in the field
Statistics of Schools in Waialua & Koolau
Number of Schools
No. Scholars
Boys
Girls
A. (Arithmetic)
Spelling
Reading
Writing
Mental Arith.
Written do.
Geography
Moral Phil.
Singing
In Koolau
16
387
213
174
78
58
251
108
128
125
188
8
32
In Waialua
11
306
153
Total
27
693
366
153
97
192
404
205
320
118
306
�Waialua 1839 - J.S. Emerson
Population
9.
Births & Deaths
Population of Waialua Jan. 49
1532
Pop of Koolau loa Jan. 1849
1689
Total in the field
324
Births in W. 1848
29
Births in K. 1848
28
Total births
57
Deaths in W. 1848
113
Deaths in K. 1848
185
Total of deaths in the two
298
Decrease in 1848
241
Average of deaths
1/11
J.S. Emerson
�Mr. Gulick's
(Report) 1851.
The writer of this report has abundant cause of gratitude to
the Giver of all good, for manifold mercies to himself & his family
since we last met together.
Then, we were deeply solicitous for the safety of a dear child,
whose wasted & attenuated form, & general debility, had awakened
the fears of his parents, & induced them to commit him to the care
of a kind friend & a gracious Providence for a voyage to & residence
in, a foreign land.
We would now gratefully record, the distinguishing goodness
of our heavenly Father, manifested in watching over that youth in
his voyaging & journeying on the deceitful & tempestuous ocean,
thro fog & frost, sleet rain & snow; thro desserts (! ) & forrests ( !),
inhabbited ( !) by ferocious animals, & fierce trecherous ( !) &
exasperated savages; by whom he was repeatedly plundered; & from
whose violence, he was protected, not by human strength or wisdom,
but by the Providential care of Him without whom not a sparrow
falls to the ground.
A little less than a year since, after more
than two years absence, we were permitted again to embrace him, whom
m any had deemed beyond the bounds of time; & with health, if not
permanently restored, certainly wonderfully improved; & also, with
the satisfaction derived from the fact, that, notwithstanding the
debility with which he left, & which continued to some extent, in
to the second year of his pilgrimage, & (up to that period, prevented
any vigorous effort for his own support) still, by his own efforts,
& after serious losses he had enough left, to more than cover all
his expenses, from the time of his embarkation.
We would also with deep gratitude, record the tender mercies
of our covenant God, to another member of our family; who, without
�Gulick (1851)
asking aid from any human being, has been permitted to visit the
father land, travel somewhat extensively in it, & return in less
than a year, without a day’s sickness, or any serious accident.
And also that we have been permitted to see still another of
our no. publicly united to the household of faith.
And although
his health was so poor that we deemed it necessary to try the
effect of a change of climate for its restoration, we trust even
this will result in his good & the glory of our great Benefactor.
And although we have had in our family probably more than our or
dinary share of sickness still so far as is known death has not
diminished our number, nor any chronic disease except in my own
case, been permitted to fasten on our frames.
But in regard to myself, & my helpmeet, tho infirmities, as well
as the marks of age are multiplying upon us.
Our strength & resolu
tion for efforts, whether physical or mental, are failing together. Our labors as an assistant missy have been similar to those of
years past, but somewhat, perhaps considerably, lessing ( !) quantity.
I have usually preached once on the Sabbath, sometimes twice & occa
sionally on a week day; beside attending the children's Sab. school,
& ordinarily meeting weekly with the station day school, to catechise
the children, on the verses of Scripture committed, & expound the same
to them.
The schools are, as you have heard in a condition by no means
flourishing.
And yet I think they are doing much good.
The cause of
their languishing is I think essentially the same that produces a
similar condition in the common schools in rural districts in our
native land, in the summer season; v iz the demand for the services of
the children & the high wages which the teachers can command in other
employment.
The high prices of native produce have rendered the
whole year harvest time, with this people.
And although the wages
�3.
Gulick (1851)
still, young men of enterprise could accumu
late faster in other ways.
During the past year the station school house has been floored &
pretty well seated; & is now comfortable & pleasant house.
The teachers are promptly (paid) at the end of every month &
there are on hand some 200.00 of school funds.
-
Statistics
as follows
Schools 8.
Whole no of scholars
Readers 186.
In mental arithmetic
Written Arithmetic 139.
Music 99.
Geography
Papal scholars about
276
179
145
50
Here permit me to say what I have often tho't. viz . that consider
ing merely my direct efforts for the spiritual welfare of this people,
were it not for the prejudice against miss.s returning to their native
land I & my family might perhaps as well be in the U.S. as here.
But
since it is not only, in spiritual things, this people need instruc
tion & example; & since from facts stated in the former part of this
report, I am encouraged to hope, that through my representatives I
may give to a portion of them a slight example of Yankee enterprise,
based as I hope it may be, on Puritan principles; perhaps it may be
well for me, to take the advice of Secretary Green & hold on here & see
what the Lord will do for us, & with us.
This on the whole we have
resolved to do; & it affords us sincere pleasure, to be able so to do,
without leaning on the funds of the Board for a support.
Still, I
w d here remark that as the land, most of i t ,at least wh. is connected
with the premises we occupy & wh. we expected to have without expense
under the 7th resolution, was given originally to support a manual
labor school, wh. we neither have sustained nor can, has already cost
me, in order to get it awarded to the Missn more than 80.00, & I
�G U L CK (1851)
4
have engaged to pay 20.00 more for the same object, it seems to me
proper that that amt. should be refunded to me.
to the Missn .
But I submit this
Perhaps it ought to be stated in this connection that
for the passage of my three sons to the U.S. no draught has ever been
made on the funds of the Board; nor am I aware that anything has been
drawn for the support of any of mine there except
$60.00 for the
eldest wh. may have been repaid by his guardian, as we are told he
purposed to do It is perhaps due to the mission that I here introduce another
subject, which however, I should have deemed quite unnecessary, had it
not been for remarks in a letter & in privat(!) conversation from the
moderator; in the latter urging that I adopt that course.
I allude
to my relation to the people of Waialua as their representative in the
nation legislature.
It was distinctly static, that by accepting this
post, which may call me away 6 or 8 weeks from my station I have in
his opinion lost my claim to all the privileges conveyed by the 7th
resolution, under which I took a dismission from the Board.
Now, while
I shall not deny that during the session of the legislature my duties
as a representative do somewhat conflict with the letter of the resolu
tion, I can’t see that it does with the spirit of it.
Nor can I see
any just ground for a distinction wh. the above mentioned brother thinks
he sees, between my helping the people to secure their rights by aid
ing them to get just laws, & aiding them as others do to secure land
?
by writing out their kuleanas, selling them land under the
gov't surveying; or in overseeing roads, &c . Perhaps self Interest
or some other wrong motive blinds me.
This must be the case or he
imagins ( !) there is a difference where there is none.
also to your kind & candid consideration.
P.J. Gulick
May 17, 1851.
I submit this
�Waialua Station Report May 1851
(J.S. Emerson)
We returned to our station at the close of Gen. Meeting in May
1849 encouraged by the improvement of Mrs. Emersons health that in
time her lameness might be mainly removed.
Hope also dawned upon us
in relation to the temporal prospects of our people, with which we
regarded our own permanent usefulness as closely connected.
But there was one subject that pressed with a mountains weight
upon our minds.
Our third son had for five or six years given evidence
of an organic affection of the heart, which from the time he had the
measles in 1848 developed itself with fearful rapidity.
The opinion
of the physicians whom we consulted at Gen. Meeting abated nothing
from our apprehensions.
That we were to take the child away from all
medical advice & from the midst of our brethren to die at a remote
station with but few to sympathize with us was trying.
But that he
professed at the time to indulge no hope that he had given his heart
to the Saviour created feelings of deep anxiety.
But our Heavenly
Father was better to us than our fears; although he did not alter the
decision to take the child from us, he comforted our hearts with the
belief that he was about to take him to himself.
That mind which for months had been making the anxious enquiry
"What shall I do to be saved?”
Saviour?"
"How shall I give my heart to the
"How can I pray aright?"
with declarations like the fol-
lowing; I fear I do not pray aright; the Saviour seems to be far off;
I fear I have never been born again; I do not feel that I am good enough
to go to the Saviour; I would do any thing I could to please God, but.
know not how to be reconciled to him"
This same child, when panting
for breath, & under the exercise of almost constant pain; hungry &
thirsty & yet unable to take but a morsel of food into his stomach;
& fully assured that his days were drawing very near a close; in
language very different from the above was heard to say, he envied
�Waialua 1851 - Emerson
2.
no one of those he saw in health around him; he was willing to he sick,
he would not have one of God's plans in the least changed to accommo
date him; God's law was right & good & he loved it.
His character was
holy, & he would love him although he should slay him.
He had no
other in heaven or on earth that he desired besides him, & that he would
not wish to get well unless it was the Lord's will."
The child left
messages for his brothers, who were absent, & for the children at
Punahou, expressive of his strong desire that they would early give
their hearts to the Saviour; & when sinking in the arms of death, he
repeatedly said that Christ was near & precious that he could trust
his all in him.
Such feelings expressed by our child during the few
days & hours previous to his departure, more than removed that oppres
sive weight of anxiety that we had long felt for him.
It caused the
tear that flowed spontaneous at his departure to be more the expres
sion of gratitude for the grace bestowed than of grief for the loss
of one we loved.
May not this lesson be lost upon us & our surviving
children.
The general health of the families at the station has not been
much unlike what was enjoyed in years previous.
Bro. & Sister Gulick
although feeble & frequently unable for a time to be about, have yet
been able to do much for their family & Bro. G. has frequently preached
on the sabboth a part or the whole of the day.
In January 1850 I was
laid aside from my labors several weeks by a severe attack of fever.
Also in October last, I recd a fracture of the collar bone, which
after being set, became displaced, & is now & will be likely to remain
a permanent source of considerable inconvenience.
But although our
strength is weakened by the way our days are yet lengthened out, for
which we have much occasion for gratitude.
�Waialua 1851 - Emerson
State of the chch.
During the past two years there have been fewer additions to the
chch, under my care than usual in previous years.
Several protracted
meetings of two or three days in continuance have been held in places
somewhat remote from the station & to good purpose & there have been
several instances of hopeful conversion.
as a general
thing prayer meetings & week day lectures have not been attended so
numerously as at some former period, & more worldly mindedness has
been apparent in the community generally.
Meetings however on the
sabbath have been generally pretty well attended & cases of open sin
in the chch. have not been numerous.
Many of the people feel that this is among their last chances
to purchase land for themselves & their children, & therefore they
feel justified in making exertions that they would not otherwise make;
consequently they have been more frequently absent from Waialua &
our place of worship on the sabbath & on lecture days than was usual
in former times.
It is to be hoped that this evil will not be perma
nent.
Settlement of a native pastor at Kahuku.
Since our last Gen. Meeting, the portion of the chch. residing
at Kahuku have united in the settlement of Rev. James Kekela as pastor
over them, for whose support they have pledged $100. per year.
This
together with chch. lands & other facilities afforded him, it is hoped
will give him at least an economical support. Kekela was ordained in
Decr 1849 & has thus far sustained the pastoral relation to his chch.
with that modest dignity that becomes him, & which gives promise of
permanent usefulness.
So far as I have been informed he gives good
satisfaction to all who attend upon his ministry.
But as he will wish
to read you his own report, I will refrain from fruther comment upon
his labors.
�4.
Waialua 1851 - Emerson
Schools.
These are at the present time less flourishing than in
former years, the scholars forsake the schools at a younger age than
formerly; all who become liable to pay the school tax with very few
exceptions forsake the schools, & the teacher in consequence is left
with younger scholars, makes himself fewer exertions to replenish his
own mind with knowledge, & goes back down the hill of science which he
ought constantly to strive to ascend.
From repeated trials I feel
that I hazzard nothing that there are but two natives in our field
who at the present time could sustain a thorough examination in Mental
Arithmetic.
School books are much needed.
I do not mean that the
Ikemua, Kumumua, Helunaau &c are out of print, but that such books
as would tend to stir up the slumbering energies of both teachers &
scholars are not now in our schools.
We must have in part at least a
new set of school books, made in modern style & got up in better taste
than former books, or this nation will go back, back, in its intellec
tual attainments & our young men seek nothing higher than dexterity
in lassoing a horse or a bullock.
Let this Gov. expend a few of the
thousands now devoted to the support of a large police, many members of
which are of little or no service to the community in printing books
for the schools & I would hope some permanent advantage to the schools
as a consequent.
While on the subject of schools & books I will suggest that the
Ai o ka la for 1850 began to be both popular & useful with us before
the close of the year & we hoped a reprint of the same thing for
1851 as our people desired to go over it again - but the present Ai o
ka la is little sought & less used.
Let our Aio ka la for 1852 be got
up in better taste with covers & pictures some what in the style of
the American Christian Almanac, & be sold to the people, not given
away as a general thing & I shall hope good from it.
While gold is
among us what silver was & silver is as the stones of the street in
�Waialua 1851 - Emerson
5.
the estimation of the people, it can not be either wise or just to
allow foreign Christians to supply our chchs. with books of any kind.
Benevolent contributions in Waialua
Between April 1849 & April 1850
Between April 1850 & April 1851
$225.68
1096.25
Disbursed as follows
Lumber & repairs on meeting house
109.15
Contributed to Prot. Soc. in France
30.87
Towards the payment of a note to The
A.B.C.F.M.
105.78
To the funds of the A.B.C.F.M.
100.00
To aid the Western Mission
17.69
To aid in shingl\ing our Meeting
House
949.10
All paid in to the Depository
Remaining in my hands
11.38
$ 1323.97
(1321.93)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
-$ 1312.59
This sum except a portion of the contribution to the Fr. Prot. Soc.
was given entirely by the people in the district of Waialua.
The portion of the chch residing in Koolau have contributed about
$400 the past two years towards building for themselves a substantial
stone chch. but as the money is in the hands of their superintendant
I cannot state the exact sum.
The work of building is now at a stand,
not for the want of means but for want of a suitable person to carry
on the work.
The spirit of Christian liberality was perhaps never greater than
at the present time.
General improvement
Although we can not speak of a high degree of interest in our
sabbath or day schools, nor of much that can be called especial inter
est in religion during the two past years, yet the temporal condition
of many of the people has been greatly improved, & we hope that this
improvement in temporal things may ultimately benefit their spiritual
interests.
During these 2 years natives in Waialua have purchased
land in fee-simple which has been paid for to an expense of about
$3,000. & more is bargained for; 130 Royal patents are granted to them
�Waialua 1851 - Emerson
6.
& at least 130 families particpate as owners in these lands, 7,000
or 8,000 acres.
The purchase & pay for these lands is giving a spring
to energy in various ways.
The very effort called for to raise funds
to pay for lands has made the individuals who have made such efforts
both more able & willing to aid liberally in the promotion of benevo
lent objects than others who have made less effort to procure lands
for themselves & families.
Support of the Gospel.
Our people had commenced making quarterly contributions for the
support of their pastor but it was thought best to concentrate their
efforts the past & present year on the one object of re-roofing &
shingling our meeting house.
Therefore only one hundred dollars ap
pears in the report as contributed for that object the past year.
It
is hoped that after the present year their contributions will be more
substancial ( !).
The population however of Waialua district is only about 1400
of whom perhaps 1/7 are papists & 1/7 more are indifferent to the
gospel, & 2/7 more live at such a distance that they contemplate
building a meeting-house for themselves & having the ordinances of
religion sustained among them, which would leave 800 people all told
connected with the society worshiping ( !) at Waialua.
The population
of Koolau is 1,500, of whom about 500 belong to Kekela's field, & 300
or 400 more are either indifferent or are papists, leaving but 600
or 700 interested people, including women & children connected with
the outstation at Hauula.
These are now engaged in building a meeting
house which will require all or nearly all their contributions for
three or 4 years to come.
So that the prospects of our people for
giving the half of a support to their pastor for several years to come
Is rather uncertain.
�Waialua 1851 - Emerson
7.
Papists. At the present time the Papists have but one school
supported by Govt in the district of Koolau & that has not had of late
a sufficient number of scholars to claim a support for their teacher.
They occasionally hold one meeting on the sabbath within the district.
In Waialua there are two schools within the district belongingto the
papists & about fifty scholars.
But I am not aware that there has
been any accession to their numbers for several years.
They have a
chapel in Waialua built of stone, & at a very considerable expense,
only a small portion of which has been born by the people.
J S Emerson
May
1850
May
1 851
Recd past year on ex.
Whole No. do
Whole no. recd from other chchs
Dismissed to other chchs.
died past yr
Chchm members excluded died past year
Whole no. deceased in good stand •
Excluded past year
Remain Excluded
Now in regular standing
children baptized past year
Whole no. bap.
Marriages past year
population of the field
Attend public worship
24
948
81
150
47
--///
8
__
495
42
736
54
2400
1/2
16
964
92
59 *
40
///
7
__
466
10
746
44
2400
1/2
No. Schools
Scholars
Readers
Writers
Arithmetic
Geography
Music
Koolau
8
276
186
139
179
145
99
Papal Schools
Papal Scholars
1
50
Waialua Total
12
20
317
593
163
349
47
186
140
319
105
250
81
180
2
13
3
63
�Waialua Station Report read May 1852
It is now 20 years since the Waialua Station was commenced.
These 20
years have developed many changes among the people; most for the
better, but many apparently for the worse.
The spirit of servile
obedience has in a great degree departed; & men., if they move at all,
now act from some other if not better motive than the mere will of
those who were once Lords of the soil.
There is now in the land much more cheerful & productive industry
than then; more comfort; more wealth; & this wealth is obtained as a
general thing more honorably & intelligently & more equally distribu
ted than it then was.
There is now more noble independance ( !) of mind less hypocrisy &
much more intelligent, manly & efficient piety than then.
On the contrary there is now much more open sabbath-breaking than
then.
He who then feared to feed his pig or fill his calabash with
water because it was kapu day, has now learned to interpret the pas
sage "the sabbath was made for man" liberally as to feel no hesita
tion xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx in saddling his horse for a ride on the even
ing of the Lord’s day.
There is now more profanity, more filthy con
versation in public places, more stealing, & more litigation than then
Books are less sought now than then, but better read; Schools are less
attended & yet scholars make more progress in the same length of time
And what of all this; it is only saying that there is progress Where wheat grows well tares also will thrive.
The Gospel proves a
savour of life unto life to some & of death unto death to others.
In reviewing the events of the past year we find many things for
which to be grateful.
Death has not visited our dwelling, nor, so
far as we know, our children or near relatives.
Neither have deaths
among our people been as numerous as in past years.
we have had sickness & pain.
Yet in our family
Mrs. Emerson's health has been feeble &
Wm Schauffler has been a great sufferer from dyspepsia .
As a last
�Waialua - 1852
2.
resort we have sent h i m on a whaling cruise to the North.
Capt.
Gelett, with w h o m you are all more or less acquainted, consented to
take h i m into his cabin & allow h i m to do whatever his s t r ength would
permit; hoping at the end of six or seven months to restore h i m to us
in at least improved health.
We regard it as an experiment but trem
bl i n g l y hope it will prove favourable.
We have also h a d under our
roof since August last a foreigner who w a s drawn in a state of h e l p
lessness out of a house on fire & cast upon us rheumatic in every
joint destitute of clothing & penny less
drawn, & scorched w i t h the flame.
( !) Lasce r a t e d
b y being
He i s n o w better & we hope that
his afflictions w i l l be of use to him.
Our associates Bro. Gulick & family have enjoyed about their
us u a l amount of health & strength; & Bro. G. has been able to render
assistance on the sabbath & on other occasions, much as in former
years.
General improvements.
During the past y e a r a n e w road has bee n opened in front of our
meeting- h o u s e which has diminished our distance to Honolulu about 1/2
of a mile.
Five substancial
( !) bridges also have b e e n thrown
over
the streams bet w e e n Waialua & Ewa, which relieve us f r o m the necessity
of fording streams, & fro m the anxiety w e often have felt lest some
of the streams be deep & impassible.
A n e w road has also b e e n laid
out through most of the district of Koolau which shortens
in traveling some what & adds greatly
the distance
to the comfort in traveling -
W h e n the remainder of the road is finished & other bridges are com
pleted we shall h a v e a passible carriage road between Honolulu &
Waialua.
Indus try
Our p e o p l e h a d some w h a t e n l a r g e d t heir plans f o r
cul
t i v a t i o n the past year, b u t the f l u c t u a t i o n in the m a r k e t & the u n
u s u a l d r o u g h t in the a u t u m n b l a s t e d m a n y of their fond e x p e c t a t i o n s
of
�Waialua 1852
3.
large returns for their labor. A large number of acres of kalo were
entirely ruined.
School & meeting houses are much as they were at last Gen. Meet
ing.
But few of the school-houses are any thing like what they should
be; & those that have been erected the two or three years past are
built of such frail material & are so slightly put together that they
are apt to stand only two or three years before they are blown to
pieces.
About twice the sum requisite for a framed house if expended on
a good stone building & well laid up floored & seated would be good
economy.
The material for shingling our meeting-house at Waialua is
now on hand & paid for & rising $100. are raised to defray the ex
pense of shingling it; which job we hope will be completed the present
season.
It is also hoped that the meeting house at Hauula will be
put up the present season as the people have concluded to work them
selves on the house, & not depend on hiring.
As to Schools.
It may be said that a lack of competent teachers
through the field has been a great draw-back on their success.
And
this incompetency both in the supply & the qualifications of the teach
ers must remain, so long as they are not paid so much for their work
as they can get in other employments.
If the Govt, as has been done
the past year, pay a half-breed $5. per day for superintending work
on the road, it could hardly be expected that an intelligent native,
every way as competent for the same business, would cheerfully teach
school a month or a half of a month for the same $5.
If the pay for
catching a horse, which can be done in one or two hours, is 50¢
who
but a dunce or a Christian of more than ordinary benevolence will
teach school two days for the same 50 ¢ .
Let teachers of schools be
paid $20 of $30. per months or not employed, because incompetent, &
we may soon have teachers in our schools competent to the work &
�probably not before.
School books have not been extensively called for.
Atlasses &
Bibles have appeared to be most in demand & of both we have failed to
obtain a supply, the past year.
The primary School book given me to
make is not finished - but I will endeavour that it shall be, soon
after the present meeting, if such is the pleasure of the brethren.
Secular employments.
The business of selling lands & superin
tending the erection of bridges has ocupied ( !) some of my time the
past as well as the previous year.
up -
It is however now nearly closed
Some remuneration has been made me for these services, which I
shall wish to report to the Mission or a Committee such as the Prudencial ( !) Committee in Boston have recommended, at a suitable time.
I see my name placed among the corresponding members of the Mis
sion, but for what reason or by whose authority I know not, as I have
as yet held no correspondence with the Prud. Com. on the Subject.
Papists.
They have made no perceptible advance in our field during
the past year, that has come to my knowledge; unless it be in the fact
that they have succeeded by stratagem in introducing a protestant adhe
vocate of rum & awa into the Legislature for us. But that the (honour
able gentleman) will effect much we have but few fears as a large
majority of the voters have put in a strong petition opposing his
measures.
The meeting house of the papists at Waialua, that has already
been ten years & more in building, is far from completion.
The work
is mainly performed by two or three Frenchmen who appear to take things
easy.
The house is now occupied by a sugar mill.
Catholic schools
are not increasing in the number of their pupils or the extent of
their acquisitions.
Occasionally one of our people is drawn into
their embrace, but rarely one who was hopeful as a Christian or a
�W
a
i a
l u
a
1
8
5
5.
2
member of so c ie ty .
But more frequently one of th eir number leaves to
attend our meeting.
State of Religion in our f i e l d .
During the past f a l l & winter more than u su al in t e re s t was m ani
fe s te d in social prayer meetings in a l l parts of the f i e l d .
These
meetings were attended at day break in the morning by very large
numbers in every considerable v ilag e ( ! ) in the f i e l d , & many of the
meetings s t i l l continue although w ith abated in t e r e s t .
on the
Pub l i c worship
sabbath has been w e l l attended throughout the f i e l d .
Protracted meetings have been h e ld in W aialua & in Hauula w ith a
good degree of interest during the y e a r.
That held at H auula in Feb
ruary la st was w e l l s u s t a in e d , very solemn & appeared to b e productive
of good.
The communion season which was on the sabbath fo llo w in g the
protracted meeting was remarked to be the most solemn occasion o f the
k in d ever witnessed in the place.
The Chch. at Hauula has been a part of the year under the care
of H a i a ,
a graduate of Lahainaluna .
But h is course has not been such
as to encourage strong hopes of his success as a luna of the Chch.
As to our Chch. lunas generally i t may b e sa id w ith few excep tio ns,
that those who were once the most laboreous
( ! ) & su cce ssfu l now f i n d
a variety of other o ffic e s that they are s o l ic it e d to f i l l ,
& an i n
competent support from any other quarter n a tu rally in c lin e s
them to
accept such o f f i c e s .
So that the more laibore ous part of the labor of
deacons is performed by at best second rate men in the Chch.
We have re cd but few members to the chch. the past year in a ll
2 0 , by profession eleven & by letter 9 .
A larger number are now pro
pounded, which it is hoped may b e recd at a future seaso n .
�Waialua 1852
6
Benevolent contributions
At Mo. Concerts contributions to the A.B.C.F.M
.
for Western missions
or
$56.26
To complete the payment for lumber for the
meeting house & frt (freight ?) to Waialua
716.59
Cash on hand to aid in completing the Shingling &c
108.00
Cash recd at Hauula to aid in the building of their
meeting house
119.26
In all
$
1000.11
To complete the work of Shingling our meeting house we shall need at
last $200. more.
Many of our people have contributed liberally, con
sidering their circumstances; & regarding the small number in our field
we consider their contributions on the whole as good.
But it is obviously the feeling of some that the Shingling of our
meeting house is to be their last great effort; & when this is effected
their contributions will be about at an end for life.
Only a few have
as yet begun to feel like taking up the work of supporting the Gospel
among them.
Statistics of Chchs.
May 1852
Waialua
Whole no ad. on examination
Who l e no. on Cert.
Ad. past year on Exam.
Ad. past year on certif.
Dismissed to other chch. past year
Died past year
Diciplined ( !)
Now in regular standing
Children baptized
do past year
Marriages past year
The chchs
united
Hauula
-
—
3
6
2
8
4
270
----10
8
3
11
9
9
21
11
481
——
15
24
7
13
7
211
---5
24
Statistics of
Schools &c.
No. of
Schools
No. of
No.
No.
N o. in
Scholars Readers Writers Arithmeti
c
Waialua
Koolau
Papist Waialua
Papist Koolau
Total Protestant
Total Papist
7
11
2
2
20
4
225
280
57
32
505
87
150
176
35
22
326
57
133
144
17
15
277
32
140
156
44
19
296
23
�Waialua 1852
Statistics of
Schools &c.
Waialua
Koolau
Papist Waialua
Papist Koolau
Total Protestant
Total Papist
7
No. in
No. in
Geography Singing
105
145
17
8
248
25
80
60
0
0
140
Born
Died
37
17
37
20
4
57
J.S. Emerson
in
year
�Waialua (Abstract, 1852, J.S. Emerson)
But few deaths & not much sickness, the past year.
General improvements. New roads have been made & 5 important &
substancial bridges have been built at a cost of nearly $? ,000; the
people are increasing their comforts & conveniences, & impliments ( !)
for agriculture.
Temperance. But one or two cases of intoxication have been heard
of the past year in the district & they were among foreigners.
Meeting houses. The materials have been collected & paid for to
shingle the meeting-house at Waialua, & some new materials have been
collected to build in Koolau.
Common Schools.
These have been about as in the previous year;
lack of competent teachers, willing to work for small pay, has been an
inconvenience.
Papacy. This evil has made no perceptible progress; some have left
its ranks to attend our meeting.
Mormonism. Some 20 or 30 mo\stly rude young men were baptized by
a Mormon priest quite a number of whom forsook him before sun-set &
nearly all of the remainder did in a few days.
Contributions. These are larger than in any former year. For the
A.B.C.F.M. $56,26
To shingle the Meet. House in Waialua $824.59 - To
build the Meet. House at Hauula $119.26.
Sabboth Schools - have been held among the children & adults in
all parts of the field; but have not been well sustained except In a few
of the districts.
The church, has been peaceful & harmonious, but few cases have
called for discipline & several who were formerly wandering have been
restored to the bosom of the chch.
Prayer meetings have been held the greater part of the year in
most of the neighbourhoods, & meetings of several days continuance in
three different places. Several cases of hopeful conversion have occured.
Statistics
See report
�(Waialua 1853)
In reviewing the year past, I have very little to record, except an
uninterrupted stream, of divine mercies to my family & myself; & which,
at least on my part, have been entirely unmeritted.
The various members of our family, with, & near us, not only, have
enjoyed their accustomed share of health, but our hearts have often been
gladdened, by reports, or rather letters, showing the prosperity of
those now widely separated from us.
When however, I speak of our accustomed health, it must not be
forgotten, that I am of a long season, an invalid; a very feeble one,
& without hope of any change for the better.
This ma\y in good measure at least, account for the fact, that I
have done very little, & therefore have a very brief report.
I have usually been able to preach once on the Sabbath, either in
Hawaiian, or English occasionally - in brother Emerson's absence twice;
& in this case have sometimes delivered the Wednesday lecture.
Have also
had charge of the children's Sab. school till it was merged into the
adult Sab. School; & have also had the superintendance of the common
schools.
Our common schools though far below what they should he, are
I think, of great value, to those who are disposed to improve the ad
vantages they afford.
The Kahu, I believe is the best our community can
furnish, & the teachers are most of them in advance of the people around
them in intellectual culture, & not inferior in morals.
The school funds have I think been faithfully collected & honestly
appropriated to their legitimate objects.
But they have not been suf
ficient to keep the schools constantly in operation now to make any con
siderable improvement/ in school houses, which however is greatly needed
I have no statistics of schools, because it is found much easier to
get them in a mass from the minister of Instruction whose reports at
least from our field, are very carefully prepared. For want of funds,
these schools have been suspended about two months, during the year.
P.J. Gulick
�Waialua Station Report for May 1853 .
In reviewing the events of the past year, we find occasion to
speak of comforts & of trials, of prosperity & of seeming adversity.
No raging epidemic has been suffered to prevail amongst us.
done only his usual work.
Death has
Pestilence & famine have not been known in the
land; & yet the Lord has come near us, & more than once most vividiy re
minded us of the uncertainty of life & of all our earthly hopes & ex
pectations.
The child, whom we reported last year as being on a voyage
to the north for his health, had closed his voyage even before the date
of our report.
His strength at first seemed to be a little increased by
being on ship-board; but, after two or three weeks, he began to sink;
& in five weeks from the time he left Honolulu his spirit took its flight
from earth.
A few days before his death, Capt. Gelett informed him that
he could not probably live many days.
Upon which he set about doing up
the work that he considered remaining for him to do.
He dictated a fare
well letter to his parents, brothers & sister, gave a few parting words
of affection & counsel to each of the seamen, - enquired in respect to
to
the disposal of his body & gave his approbation
- - being deposited
in the ocean.
He often desired the reading of the Scriptures & prayer;
& expressed a regret that he had not publicly expressed his faith in
Christ; a purpose he had intended to have executed at the time of our
last General Meeting, had he not left home before.
His hope in Christ
appeared to be stable, & even joyful, as he approached the period of his
departure.
To the Captain he once said with a smile "I shall see the
Saviour before you do."
His end was peace.
We feel his absence from us -
Hopes are crushed & earthly plans are defeated.
we allow ourselves to mourn or grieve.
But we feel reproved if
Our dear one has obtained a
better inheritance than earth, & we feel our relation-ship to that better
land strengthened by the transfer of a portion of our of(f)spring there.
The health of our family has been about as usual.
We have had
�Waialua 1853
2.
no occasion to call for the services of a physician till about foive ( !)
weeks since, when in the act of watering a young horse I was caught by
his taking fright in the noose of a rope attached to him & drawn with
great violence over the top of an open well among stones rough\ & large,
by which my right shoulder was fractured & I recd several contussions(!)
from which I have not yet wholly recovered.
But that I escaped with
life is more wonderful to me than that I was hurt so much.
For this
deliverance we feel much occasion to thank & praise the Lord.
As to my labors the past year the(y) have not been fewer nor less
arduous than in former years.
The erection of our stone church at Hau
ula has called for much time & strength at that post, so that I have
spent nearly 8 weeks there since our last General Meeting.
In Kekela's
field I have also spent several sabbaths & parts of sabbaths during his
absence; & I regard his people as on the whole appearing verry ( !)
well.
I have done less than usual among the people at Waialua, the past
year owing to the call for assistance in Koolau.
Yet there has on the
whole been a good degree of interest on the subject of religion through
the whole field.
Public worship on the sabbath has been well attended
& morning prayer meetings have been common.
Accessions to the Chch. by confession have been more numerous than
in any one year for ten years, although most of those admitted the past
year profess to have been on the Lord's side for one two or three years.
Quite a number of those formerly cut off from the fellowship of the
church have been restored to fellowship; so that, if the number who
have died while under discipline be stricken out from that list, the
remainder would be but few.
General improvements.
Our roads & bridges are such as to allow carts & wagons to pass
& repass between Honolulu & Waialua; & the former are frequently em-
�W a i a l u a 1853
3.
ployed in carrying freight to market.
Since many are becoming owners of
the soil, carts & plows & cultivators & fields of corn are multiplying
among us.
Cultivation by the plow is 2 or three times as great as it
was last year.
Our meeting-house at Waialua has been shingled & put in good con
dition since our last General Meeting & all expenses are paid, so that
t h e eye rests upon it with a good degree of satisfaction.
The walls of the meeting-house at Hauula have been laid up in good
lime mortar, & covered with a very substancial roof.
It has 12 good
windows & three pannel ( !) doors; & the work of flooring the house with
good pitch pine boards tongued & grooved in the U. States is going on.
When the flooring is completed & the pulpit made there will be a debt
of probably less than $200.
The work of erecting this meeting house
considering the distance of the people from their pastor has been carried
on with a good degree of spirit.
Schools
The schools in Waialua & Koolau loa have appeared better
the past year than in the year previous.
In Koolau, of which I would
more particularly speak, there has been more spirit among the teachers
than in the year previous.
But wh ile the schools are accomplishing a
good & a great work, they are not doing all that is to be desired in
the field.
A teachers school or a school of a higher
( !)
is very
much to be desired.
Heresies & delusions.
The papists seem (?) to have had but one
work in our field the past year; viz. the erection of a porch & steeple
for a bell house, at the east end of their meeting house at Waialua.
This work w a s so closed up that the(y) dedicated their house I was told
on the 2d sabbath of the present month.
For that occasion I am told that
the bishop bought & slaughtered three oxen, & the natives bought a fourth
beeve; while swine & turkies many were slaughtered by the residents
�Waialua 1853
for the entertainment of all who went to the great feast; which
they held on the Lords day; & to which they invited men of profane &
intemperate habits to go & share with them.
It is said that more
than 600 strangers were present to partake of their repast.
It
was truly a great day to them; but not a day kept holy to the Lord ,
but the Lords day profaned to purposes of rioting & glutony.
I
am not aware that the papists have made any proselytes or that they
have increased the number of their scholars or their schools the
past year.
Mormons. About a year & a half since the Mormons came into the
district of Koolau loa & influenced several persons, mostly rude
young men to be baptized by them.
But their method of doing things
was so slack, as they required no evidence of conversion, & not even
a morral ( !) life as a qualification for baptism.
Their converts
soon doubted whether there was any virtue or utility in their
baptism, & sacrament of the supper.
The result was, their converts
soon left them, all except Kauahi & perhaps one or two others.
Kauahi finds he can live in violation of the seventh commandment,
& yet be able to hold his head up among the Mormons.
About 4 months
since an attempt was made to convert the people of Waialua to their
faith; & they soon baptized 20 or thirty young persons, most of whom
are bullock catchers; but all of them so far as our knowledge ex
tends, feel very doubtful whether they are made better by their
immersion, & in this doubt we all agree,
A Mormon priest in a dilemma.
Three or four months since two
Mormon priests called on me, requesting permission to preach in
my pulpit &c.
I enquired of them in respect to their doctrines,
whether they believed in polygamy &c. & whether their prophet Brig
ham Young had not more than one wife.
They denied that polygamy
was an article of their creed; & also any knowledge of Brigham
�Waialua 185
3
5.
Young's having more than one wife.
slandered.
But said that they were basely
One month later, one of the same men called on me with
a new comer.
To the latter of whom I again put the question, if
they did not believe in polygamy & practice it.
yes with greatearnestness.
To which he said
He also said it was a doctrine of the
Bible, & a practise approved by God, from the time of Abraham &
Solomon down to the present time.
I then asked the other Mormon,
who, only one month before, had denied the existence of such a doc
trine among them, what all this meant ! & what do you think was
his reply.
" O this is a new revelation, I did not know it before,
but you will see more surprising things than these."
It has been stated to me that an ex-Mormon has said, that it is
or has been in the plans of the Mormons to take these Islands for
themselves.
We may yet find it true.
Support of the Gospel
As both of our chchs. were engaged in raising funds for meeting
house purposes during the early part of the past year, the subject
of supporting their pastor was not fully brought before the people
till the last part of July, at which time the Waialua people agreed
to raise $200 for the remainder of the year & Koolau Church $100.
which was contributed.
For the current year (1853) the people of Waialua have promised
to raise $550.
The Koolau people will probably raise about $100
only as they have a meeting-house debt to pay off.
The contributions
of our people for various benevolent objects may be said to be
liberal; & all put together would be adequate to the support of
their pastor, but that they will ever feel able to support their
pastor without aid from other sources is hardly to be expected.
Contributions of the people between May 1st 1852 & Decr 31
stand thus
�6.
Waialua 1853
$73.43 )
Waialua Chch Mo Concert
32.00 )
"
Genl. Association
56.00
)
H
Ladies do
"
Support of pastor
"
Contributions for Mauula Meet. H.
"
To liquidate debt of Waialua Meet. H.
Hauula Chch. Mo. Concert
"
"
Support of pastor
"
"
Cost for their own Meet.
$ 161.43
200.00
50.00
267.18
49.31
100.00
293.31
s
n
Total Contributio
$ 1121.23
Schools
Koolau
Protestant
Papal
9
1
284
24
183 )
4 )
40
58
44
Waialua
Protestant
Papal
7
2
187
45
124 )
17 )
36
43
Chch Statistics
Added to Chch past year on examination
"
" by certif
Dismissed to other chchs by letter
Died past year
Disciplined the past year
Disciplined Restd the past year
Bow in Regular Standing
Children baptized past year
63
16
15
22
8
22
575
42
The first reading book for children has been finished & is in the
hands of the printer.
Br Gulick has assisted as usual (?)
Resp. Submitted
J .S. Emerson
�Report of Waialua Station, May 1854
In attempting a report of labors for the year ending April
1854, we find occasion to speak of mercies & afflictions, of prosper
ity & adversity.
In our family we had no serious illness during the former part
of the year, & till the latter part of March indulged the fond hope
that we should pass through the year without occasion to call for a
phisicions ( !) services.
But in the latter part of March our little
daughter was attacked by a pain in her hip accompanied by a slight
fever, which both increased for several days; & at length became so
severe as to render it expedient to send for a physician, who on a
second visit pronounced it a hip disease, & for three subsequent visits
he spoke of it as being of an alarming character which would probably
terminate her life; after a protracted season of severe suffering Dr. Ford accompanied Dr. Judd on his third visit, yet both thought
it inexpedient to operate upon the limb although both felt confident
that an operation would be needed.
& nights of painful anxiety.
For a full month we suffered days
Our child was sick, her anguish of body
was much of the time excrusiating, & our hope of her recovery exceed
ingly faint; we hardly dared to ask for her life.
Her fitness to be
recd to the bosom of the Saviour was our greatest anxiety.
well nigh departed from us.
Sleep
The moans & shrieks of the child particu
larly at night were much of the time heart-rending.
We thought that
our Heavenly Father was about to reclaim his own, & we said "Thy will
be done."
But about the 28th of April we found a slight relief in her
symptons yet so slight that for nearly a week we did not allow our
selves to indulge the belief that there was any real improvement.
But
on the 6th instant Dr. Judd accompanied by Dr. Ford made his 7th visit,
& both for the first time pronounced the symptoms decidedly favorable
& encouraged the hope that the child may recover.
If the Lord may
�Waialua 185
4
2.
restore the child to health we hope it may be that she may glorify
him in the earth.
18th
Nearly two weeks have passed since the above was written -
appearances are not so favorable now as then the future is all in the
dark in respect to her case.
We feel that the Hand of the Lord is
upon us; & hope to be benefited by the chastisement.
Labours.
The departure of Kekela to Fatuhiwa has thrown back under my
pastoral care the Chch. at Kahuku, so that I have had the past year
three chchs. to look after & eleven communion seasons to prepare for &
attend.
The Chch. at Hauula has had the services of Kuaia about
of the
2
/
1
year & the Chch at Kahuku has been looked after to some extent by
Haia, now a member of the Legislature.
The Small Pox.
This fearful disease commenced its ravages in
Waialua early in the month of July, but was for a long time kept so
much at bay by Kapus &c. that its progress was slow & its work was
not done up till the close of 8 long months from the commencement.
Nursing the sick, vaccinating & re-vaccinating the people many
time over in some cases, receiving messages xx & giving advice in
respect to the disease &c. consumed very much time for many months.
But we have occasion for gratitude that our portion of Oahu was visited
with less severity than any other portion of the Island.
Deaths by small pox in Waialua were 201 & in Koolauloa 250 =
451 which is about 1/6 (?) of the whole population of the two dis
tricts .
During the prevalence of the Small Pox religious meetings were
not so well attended as usual.
Mary staid away from publick worship
because they had been exposed to the disease & others from fears of
exposure -
Yet numbers during the year have been awakened to a sense
of their condition & responsibility, as sinners against God; & quite
�W
a
i
a
l
u
a
1
8
5
4
a number of backsliders have been restored to the fellowship of the
Chch.
The number of cases that have called for discipline in the chchs.
the past year has been small, fewer than in most years.
Popery has made no perceptible progress the past year unless It
be that some 4 or five persons of our chch. when they supposed them
selves dying consented to be baptized by the papal Priest,
But all
the converts made by the papists under such circumstances, are, so far
as my knowledge extends, either in their graves at the present time or
else in prison for violating the 7th commandment.
Papal Schools in
Koolau loa are now entirely extinct or suspended, & in the district
of Waialua there is but one in existence.
Mormons. A few people have at different times consented, both
in Koolau & Waialua to be baptized by a Mormon priest, but they have
with few exceptions returned to our meeting & said that they had com
mitted an error.
There is no regular meeting among the Mormons any
where in our field; although several have been induced to meet with
them on various occasions.
Schools.
ishing.
The number of our schools as well as scholars is dimin
We have now but 9 schools in Koolauloa & but 6 in Waialua.
In two or three cases two schools have been merged into one for lack
of scholars.
During the prevalence of the Small Pox the major part of the
schools were suspended so that our schools have not been very flourish
ing during the year.
Yet they have done something, & we hope more
for the present year.
Improvements.
The plow, the hoe, the cart, the cultivator, &
the ox-team &c are now a good deal relied on by natives for the cul
tivation of the soil & for transportation of their produce & c . Carts
are frequently running from Waialua to Honolulu.
The old method of
carrying burdens with the auamo (stick) upon the shoulder is now rare
�Waialua 1854
except for a very short distance.
The natives have plowed two or
three times as much land the past year as any previous year, yet owing
to the destructive ravages of the caterpillar & grub-worm their crops
have failed to a great extent.
Roads in Waialua are gradually improv
ing & quite a number of the natives are increasing in wealth.
State of Morals.
While there have been but few cases of wayward
ness in the chch. that called for action there has been a constant
change going on, which shows that the people are getting under other
influences besides what were exerted upon them in years past.
Occa
sionally we hear of the young man returning from Honolulu partially
intoxicated.
Some are learning the manly art of chewing tobacco, &
others find out that to play cards & go to the theatre when at Honolulu
well nigh allies them with royalty itself.
The following statistics
furnished me by our superintend(ant) of Schools for Waialua will indi
cate a little the state of things.
Adults who can not read 158.
Adult/ readers in Waialua 726
Smokers 625 Drunkards 8 .
Adults for
eigners 28 of whom 17 are drunkards or drinkers of strong drink &
19 of them use tobacco -
Things of this character are among the
painful evidences that many of the influences now exerted on the Ha
waiian youth are not such as the Christian can contemplate without
pain.
Religious state & prospects.
There has been no general revival
of religion in our field the past year, & yet there have been quite a
number of cases, of awakening to the subject of religion in different
parts of the field.
There have been recd to the chchs. in all 124
members by profession & ten by letter, while seven have been dismissed
to other chchs. & 146 have died leaving our present number nearly as
it was one year since.
The number of cases of disorderly walk requir
ing discipline has been smaller than the number restored to the
�Waialua 1854
communion of the Chch.
Death has swept away the larger portion of
those who were ever in the chch. & not now in fellowship only 8 or 10
of this number remain in Koolau & I think a smaller number in Waialua.
Kahuku Chch.
& people are rapidly decreasing in numbers by re
movals to other places.
The lands awarded to many are so small & so
inadequate to their necessities, that they are disposed to either sell
or abandon them & remove to other places.
Many have already moved
away & others are contemplating a removal.
Hauula people remain
much as they were a year since, except that many connected with the
Society have been swept away by the Small Pox.
At our last Gen.
Meeting that people were collecting the materials to floor their new
house of worship.
This work has been done & paid for & nearly $300
are now collected for putting permanent seats into the building.
Kuaia, a graduate of Lahaina-luna of one years standing has been
laboring faithfully & successfully the major part of the year in that
parish; & the chch. is expecting to settle him as their pastor so soon
as the house of worship may be in decent order for the occasion.
Population.
Koolau 1214.
The present population of Waialua is 1137, that of
Decrease in Waialua in 6 years
"
"
Koolauloa
395
475
The influx into the field has exceeded the migration to other fields It is probably that the next census will show a larger population In
Waialua than in Koolau, as there are many causes at work in the latter
place to drive the people away.
Benevolent contributions.
The sum contributed for the support
of pastor
For the support of native assistants
For the Haw. Mis. Society
For Meeting houses
Total
$573
205
143.47
650
$ 1557.47 of which
�Waialua
1854
Missions
104.80
Sup. pastor
Waialua contrd - $ 423
Meet. H.
$ 30.00
Kahuku
50
9.00
100.00
Hauula
100
29.67
500.00
Hauula for native assistants
Kahuku
for
do
Whole n o . on
profession
$130.
75.00
Hauula
Kahuku
Waialua
Whole no. on
certif.
Past year on ex
Past year on cert.
52
34
38
5
0
5
Whole no past year
Whole no. dismissed
0
Dismissed past year
Whole no deceased
died past year
Suspended past year
65
19
62
2
4
Rem. Susp
Excom past year
Whole n o . ex
Remain ex
Now in Regular standing
261
188
277
11
5
13
No Ch. hap
Bap. past year
Married (?) past year
(All together)
51
J.S. Emerson
�Report of P.J. Gulick
(Waialua)
May 1854
In reviewing the past year, we are called upon to speak of
chastisement,
as well as m e r c i e s . -
Our beloved son had recently left us, to complete his education
in the father land; & the mail wh i c h brought the tidings of his safe
arrival there, brought also the sad news of his brother's death;
and that ere they were permitted to see, and embrace each other.
Our dear Charles had been of a long period seriously afflicted
with dyspepsy;
and a few weeks previous to his death, h a d been more
than usually ill.
During this period,
he would not recover;
replied,
live,
a Christian friend had told him,
she thought
& asked h i m if he felt prepared to die.
He
"My hope is in Christ"; and added, that he h a d des ired to
to do good, b u t that he was willing to die, if such were the
wil l of God.
P rom all we kno w of him, w e trust he is now, where the infirmities
of a feeble body, will no longer impede the progress of his mental
powers - in the society of angels, & spirits of the just made p e r
fect, & under the tuition of the great Teacher; whose praises he will
never cease to sing.
In regard to our labors, we have very little to report.
usually preached once a week.
occasionally,
I have
In the absence of brother Emerson,
twice.
I sometimes supply his place in the Sabbath school, which now
includes,
children a n d adults, & also, help to sustain a service in
English w h i c h we have usually hel d Sabbath P.M.
Have also as usual,
had the superintendence of the common schools in Waialua district.
Owing to the prevailing epidemic, there were but two terms of school
in the year.
And so many of the tax payers, have b e c o m e soldiers,
constable & the like, & thereby become exempt from the school tax,
�Waialua 1854
2.
that they will not probably have funds to pay for more than two
terms the current year.
The kahu, is a faithful man; the best I think, that can be ob
tained, in our district.
The teachers, although by no means, such as
we desire to see, are in general, among the best informed & most trust
worthy in their respective neighborhoods.
The schools, although
poorly furnished with houses, teachers, books, & stationary, are still,
I believe, accomplishing much good, by cultivating and enlarging the
minds of the pupils, & thereby making them better citizens, & prepar
ing them to understand & appreciate the Truth, which is able to make
them wise unto salvation.
I have given no statistics of schools, as these are accurately
reported to the Minister of Instruction; & can be more easily obtained
through him, than from station reports.
(Unsigned)
�Waialua May 1855
To the Genl Meet.g
assembled at Honolulu
Dear Brethren
In reviewing the past year, I have very little
of interest to report; at least, so far as my labors are concerned.
A grateful acknowledgment, however, is due, to our gracious heavenly
Father, for a constant succession of his distinguishing mercies to
me & mine.
To his paternal care we owe the preservation of our lives, the
continued exercise of our reason, & the enjoyment of about our, or
dinary share of health.
But I need not inform you, that with regard to myself & Mrs.
Gulick, this, has not been, at all times, sufficient to keep us from
the bed of sickness.
My wife's digestive (powers), organs, are so
permanently enfeebled that she is obliged, almost continually, either
to take medicin e , or to be on the road taking exercise & seeking a
change of location.
This, & the infirmities of age, & my own chronic disease have
lessened even the ordinarily small amount of my public labors.
I have however, usually preached once on the Sabath ( !), or
assisted in sustaining religious exercises in English, at our station;
& to some extent, superintended the schools of our district.
For statistics of the schools, I refer to the report of the Min.
of Instruction, as they are carefully rendered to him.
I believe the common schools, are, with all their faults, worth
sustaining.
And from the experiment of a few months in which English
was taught, I feel persuaded the young Hawaiians will acquire a know
ledge of that language, faster than has usually been supposed.
P.J. Gulick
�Synopsis of Waialua Station Report.
(1855 )
A usual degree of health has been enjoyed by the missionaries
at the station - Mr. Emerson's little daughter still unable to walk
& under the care of the physician.
The two chchs of Waialua & Kahuku
only are embraced in the Waialua report,
their own.
Hauula having a pastor of
Mr. E. has performed the usual routine of missionary la-
bors - administered the Lords Supper eight times in the field & three
times at Hauula.
Papists have made no apparent progress the past year -
The
Mormons have had some success in attracting the attention of the immorral ( !) & vicious.
Health of the people unusually good - A small excess of deaths
over the births.
Improvements in temporal affairs making slow but steady progress
but the progress in morals not so perceptible.
Public worship has been pretty well attended on the sabbath day
but not so well on week days.
past year 15.
Recd to the chch. by profession the
No especial attention to religion.
�Report of Waialua Station May 1855.
In presenting the 22d report of the Waialua Station from its
first occupancy, we find new occasion to speak of mercies & of afflic
tions.
Death has not been allowed the past year to enter the dwell
ings of our families, although sickness has not departed from us.
The little daughter, who was, reported last year as being afflicted
with a hip disease, is still afflicted, unable to walk, &, sometimes,
much pained.
She now can sit up, ride out in her little carriage &
often employ her hands in some manual labor; is generally cheerful &
comfortable.
The care anxiety & watching over her by day, &, often
times, a large portion of the night have drawn largely upon the health
& spirits of her mother, &, will be likely so to do for a long time
to come.
Pieces of bone of a small size are often discharged through
various orifices in the thigh; & as yet there is no immediate prospect
of a cure.
A stiff hip joint is the best that can be hoped.
The other
members of our family have enjoyed about their usual degree of health.
Our people also have been free from any prevailing or desolating epi
demic, & a good degree of health has been enjoyed throughout the com
munity.
For all which unmerited favors we give thanks to our Heavenly
Father.
Division of the station.
The report of the Waialua Station, so called, will hereafter be
presented as two separate reports.
The former, embracing Waialua &
that portion of Koolauloa included in the parish formerly occupied
by Kekela, whose centre is Kahuku, & the latter embracing the remainder
of Koolauloa & extending from Laie to Kaawa ( !) a coast of about 12
or 13 miles embracing a population of about 780 in all -
That part
of the field connected with the Station at Waialua has a population
at present of about 1552 of whom 1118 are in the district of Waialua.
�W
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The present Waialua station has a coast of about 30 miles, - a sparce
population. & to do the work in this part of the vineyard we have
generally one papal priest, & much of the time a mormon priest besides
our own services.
Preparatory to the division of my former field, I spent much of
the time during the earlier part of the year at Hauula to make ready
for the settlement of their new pastor.
Their new & very desirable
meeting house, which had been floored the year before, was fully
seated with slips & the debts for the same with all the arrearages
were squared off by the first of October last, at which time I arranged
to attend their communion, as I supposed for the last time in the
capacity of pastor.
But at the close of the preparatory exercises
for the communion, I was requested by a unanimous vote of the Chch.
seconded by Kuaea their pastor elect to retain the relation of senior
Pastor to the Chch. which I thought it on the whole expedient to do.
Moses Kuaea was ordained & set apart to the work of the ministry at
Hauula on the 18th of October last by a Council composed of nearly all
of the members of the Oahu Clerical Association; & thus far he appears
well in the work to which he is consecrated.
He will doubtless
read before you the Report of the Hauula Station.
My statistics having been remodeled will now be confined to the
field embracing the chchs. at Waialua & Kahuku combined.
The chch.
at Kahuku is now small, & has every prospect of rapidly decreasing, as
the people are moving out of the region, & giving place to flocks &
herds that are thrust in upon them.
Probably no native pastor will
ever be supported by that people here-after.
Schools .
These are diminishing throughout the field both In
consequence of diminution in population & lack of suitable teachers,
& also on account of an earlier forsaking of the schools than was
customary in year past, & also on account of less attractive books
�Waialua
1855
3.
than were formerly provided for them.
In Waialua there are two schools less than two years since; &
in Koolau quite a number are so reduced that there are barely scholar
enough to legalize them; & no one of our schools except perhaps one
at Hauula is so far advanced as many of them were 5 years since.
English Schools.
Shortly after the close of our last convention
one English School was commenced at Waialua & soon increased to 40
scholars -
This school was kept for 5 months & then suspended for
lack of a teacher -
It is now revived again & it is hoped that it
may become a permanent affair.
A school room of good size has been
fitted up with seats, benches, table, black-boards &c for the purpose.
Arrangements were made with the people of Koolauloa to have an
English school taught at Hauula, but after the most deffinite (! )
terms were agreed upon between the teacher & the people, the whole
affair, like many other good projects fell through for the lack of
some one to make it go.
There is however a strong desire both in
Koolau & Waialua for a knowledge of the English langauge.
"All like
the purchase, Pew the price will pay.”
Heresies.
The Mormons have made frequent visits to our field &
have proselyted a number to their creed; Which so far as developed at
Waialua consists mainly in two sentiments viz. Religious teachers not
to be supported by a stipend; - & immersion a requisite for salvation
The papists are much as they have been in years past.
The papal
priest told me a few weeks since that their numbers near his meeting
house had by removals & death deminished to 1/3 of what they were 12
or 14 years since.
In Koolauloa there is now no papal school; ten
years since there were 6 or 7.
years since there were 3 or 4.
In Waialua there is now but one, 10
�Waialua 1855
4
Improvements.
The sources of wealth are now accumulating
the hands of common natives among us.
Many natives can exhibit ox
cart plow & one or two yoke of oxen trained to work.
for beef are abundant.
in
Horses & cattle
A few are making arrangements for better
houses, & more for articles for display.
But thus far it is very obvious that wealth does not promote
benevolence nor yet piety among our people.
able means was not
When the amount of avail
of what it now is the disposition to aid in the
support of the Gospel & contribute to the cause of benevolence was
much greater than it is of late.
Neither does the possession of wealth aid in the promotion of
self-respect or of good morals.
He who can steal or commit adultery
& pay up promptly his fine does not appear to lose much by his trans
gression either in his own eyes or in the esteem of many around him.
Neither does the possession of wealth make the natives neat.
Wealth often creates or promotes extravagance, but rarely neatness Silks & broad-cloths, hats, bonnets, shoes & gloves will often be
exhibited in consequence of wealth, but not neatness.
The drudgery
connected with habits of civilization is an intollerable ( !) burden
to most Hawaiians, not to be endured except for a limited time, &
for an occasion, after which the whole is generally laid aside like
a gala dress.
State of Religion.
We have been favored with no especial revival
of religion the past year.
Only 10 have been added to the Chch. at
Waialua by profession, & 5 at Kahuku in all 15, one of those united
at W aialua is a foreigner Thomas King, who has at some former time
sailed a schooner at the Isis.
We have at Waialua about 35 foreigners,
very few of whom give any evidence of love to Christ, his cause or
his people.
Neither are they in temporals much elevate d
natives around them; with a few exceptions.
above the
�5.
Waialua 1855
Contributions for the support of the Gospel, benevolence &c.
Recd for my family support from the
Paid Haia at Kahuku
Waialua Mo Concert & Mens Associ.
Female Association in Waialua
Hauula Mo. Concert paid before Oct.
Kahuku Mo Concert
chchs past year
(no figure given)
In all
$416.42
85.22
100.00
27.75
65.97
___
695.38
This is Exclusive of Contributions for Support of pastor &c at Hauula
since October & Expenditures for their Meeting H. the past year.
Statistics of Chchs
978
180
15
12
27
296
8
309
10
0
9
19
406
754
9
37
500
1552
Waialua Station
Whole No on Prof
Whole no. by Cert
Past year by Prof
Past year by Cert.
Whole no. past year
Whole no. Dis. to Chchs.
Dismissed past year
Whole no. Deceased
Died past year
Susp. past year
Rem. Suspended
Excom past year
Whole no Ex.
Rem. Excom
Whole no in Reg Stand
Whole no. Children baptized
Bap. past year
Marriages
Avarage ( !) Cong.
Population
J.S. Emerson
May 1855
�(The following was written in pencil on the back of the Waialua 1855
report)
Death of the King— This was with us well nigh a great event.
morning after his Majesty's decease.
The
A messenger arrived at Waialua
with letters to the Judge of the District & others, announcing the
event— The Judge immediately repaired to the house of the Missionary
announcing the event & also his instructions from the Governor to
send forth criers proclaiming that the kapus were at an end— & that
it was propper (!) to (Kuiniho, Kakau i ka ili,) inu name oe oe.
The missionary warned his brother the Judge in vain, & in vain
instructed him to desist from such a foolish & sinful act, but to no
purpose— he demanded also to see the letter—
The criers were sent out— but after they had spread the liberty
far & w i d e
, a further examination of the letter showed clearly
that the letter did not give any license but was intended to enforce
the kapu so a new sett (!) of messengers were not to forbid the things
before commanded.
And, on the sabbath following, all concerned made
their confession, the Judge among the rest.
�Report for Waialua Station, May 1856
In presenting this our 24th Report since our first occupancy
of the station at Waialua it is our privilege to acknowledge the
receipts of many unwonted blessings from the hand of our Heavenly
Father the past year.
Unusual health has been enjoyed by our people;
our family in general have been well; & our daughter, over whom her
mother had watched day & night, with almost unceasing vigilance much
of the time for two years, has lately so improved in general health
as to allow her to come with her parents to this gathering, & to ride
most of the way on horseback alone.
Our eldest son after an absence
of eight years in the father-land has returned to our embrace in good
health & qualified as we trust to do good in some humble occupation His reason for leaving us, when he did was imperfect vision.
His
sight is now good.
Missionary field.
The settlement of Kekela at Kahuku & his sub
sequent removal, & the consequent restoration of that chch to my
care, as well as the more recent settlement of Kuaea at Hauula have
occasioned an almost annual change in my statistics, necessary in
order to suit the changing circumstances.
In future the statistics
of the Hauula Chch. willbbe given by Kuaea, & those of the Kahuku
Chch. will be incorporated with those of Waialua.
Labors
The business of selling Govt lands is now at an end;
none of much value remains unsold in the district; & an other Is ap
pointed to attend to any future sales; for all which I am thankful.
From many of my cares in connection with grazing & agriculture I find
much relief, in the assistance of my son & expect that this relief
will increase.
My labors for the people have been much as in former years.
When at the station I have uniformly had 3 services with the people
on the sabbath, & often an extra meeting with the lunas of the chch.
�Waialua 1856
During the week I uniformly hold a morning meeting on Wednesday &
a catechetical school in the P.M. at the station & occasional meetings
in other villages.
I have spent 5 sabbaths at Kahuku & a number of
week days; - have made three visits to Hauula spending the sabbath &
the two or three preceding days at each visit.
In my absence Bro.
Gulick has conducted worship at the station the whole or a part of
the day when well & at home.
Samuel has also rendered some assistance
in my absence, & has been frequently to Kahuku to aid in public worship
Schools.
Of these I can not report any thing more favorable than
the Pres, of the Board of Ed. has done.
Although the schools are kept
up the qualifications of the teachers are not rising, nor is the
number of the scholars Increasing, or the adaptation of their books
to the end to be obtained.
Our books on history both civil & Ecle-
siastical, algebra, helu kamalii, & atlasses for the study of topical
geography are not in our schools in Waialua or Koolauloa except a
few parts of copies.
But still our schools are doing good & must be continued till
English Schools & English teachers can be substituted in their place.
Of papal schools there is but one in Waialua & none in Koolauloa The one papal School in Waialua is taught by a female, & at the exam
ination when I visited the school it had In all 13 scholars present, 3
of whom could read some & others were in monosyllables, but several
of the younger ones were apparently under 4 years of age & knew only
a part of the alphabet.
The catholic priest strongly objected to my
presence at the examination as it could not be for any good intent.
It was the first time I had visited their school for many years; but
if hereafter called upon to pay taxes for the support of native schools
I shall be likely to claim the privilege of attending the examinations
of the same whether they be papal or protestant.
An English School has been in operation during nine months of the
�Waialua 1856
past year under the tuition of Mr. W. Chamberlain, & has been quite
popular among the natives.
The attendance was from 40 to 50 scholars.
The number of scholars in our native schools alone has been 115 added to the 50 in the Eng. School make in all 165 in a course of in
struction in Waialua.
Five years ago there were 247 now 1/3 less.
If the children in our native schools could all be brought into
three English schools with good teachers, it would to me indicate
progress in the right direction.
General Improvemen t .
Our people are doing some thing to improve
their lands & increase their sources of wealth in flocks & herds,
teams, carts, plows, &c. but the things to improve the mind & refine
the taste are less sought than articles of mere show & ornament.
But
as the supply of one want makes way for two more to be supplied, so
in the present case wants accumulate faster than the means to supply
them.
But this is only the sure indication of progress.
State of Morals.
Many things among us are far from what they should be, - far from
what we would have them far from prosperous.
Many do not keep the
sabbath; some lie & steal, some commit adultery, some take false oaths,
some contract debts without any apparent intention of paying them.
Children are disobedient to their parents; parents neglect their child
ren, & allow them to run at large with little or no restraint.
Some
parents, after solemnly promising to train up their children for the
Lord, put them into other hands to get rid of the trouble of taking
care of them.
All of this is bad, far from what it should be; & what
makes it appear worse is that, these evils are much more noticable ( !)
now than they were 20 years ago.
Then moral principle seemed to be in
advance of a naked & uncivilized community.
But civilization has ad
vanced & now we expect much much more; & in reality we have it.
We
�W
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have more strength of morral ( !) & religious character now than then;
more by far who honestly & intelligently strive to keep the commands
of God.
The increase of wealth in Waialua the flocks & herds grazing upon
the hills & plains & in the valleys belonging to perhaps a hundred
different owners, & in a common pasture lay before the unprincipled
a strong temptation to take & appropriate to themselves wealth that
ten years since did not exist among them.
As temptations multiply
strength of character is proved.
Hula, drinking rum &c to produce intoxication has for many years
rarely occured in the district,
common as in years past.
Licenciousness is probably about as
I fear it will long remain the Hawaiians
crying sin, unless some more strenuous & efficient measures are taken
to controll ( !) the young & produce habits of industry, economy &
self-respect.
Heresies.
The papists are still In the land.
They maintain their
worship in one place only in Waialua & occasionally in one place in
Koolau.
But the number of those who ordinarily attend their worship
is very small, probably less than 50.
They have but one school of
less than 20 scholars, where formerly they had ten schools & 150 or
200 scholars.
The demeanor of the papal priest has of late been rather
less arrogant than it was formerly; & he now virtually at least con
fesses that his effort to revile protestants for taking up contri
butions among the people for purposes of benevolence was not only un
called for but suicidal.
The Mormons are doing some thing among us - but nothing it is
believed that strengthens any good cause.
We have no expectation from
present appearances that any thing but the chaff will be blown off &
gathered in among them.
They are not numerous, if increasing.
�Waialua 1856
5.
Progress of religion.
On this topic we can not report any thing
very encouraging the year past.
Attendance on public worship on the
sabbath has been pretty good especially at the morning service; but
week day meetings have been thinly attended.
worldliness have appeared among the people.
Much luke-warmness &
We have had nothing that
could be called a revival of religion during the year.
The young have
been taken up to a great extent with horses & articles of gaiety; while
Few
the old have been striving to increase their wealth. Few have sought
in earnest the way of life & salvation.
We have recd to the fellowship of the Chch. but 11 & 5 of these
by letter.
6 have been dismissed to other chchs. & 8 have died.-
& 11 have been excommunicated from the fellowship of the chch.
whole number now in regular standing is 390 Children baptized
Our
the
past year 10 married 17 couple.
The number of births in Waialua the past year has been 30 deaths
28
in Koolau (births ) 30 (deaths 50.
A result in respect to popula
tion altogether more favorable than has existed for many years.
Contributions
Our people have contributed the past year towards
44
their pastors support $ //3.13 of which $330.62 were contributed by
the Chch at Waialua & the remainder by the Kahuku & Hauula Chchs. For Missions $78.15
Avails of books $19.12 & Elele $28. -
$47.12 -
& in addition to the above they have paid for school house & English
teacher more than $300.
Foreigners resident at the station about 30
sabbath keeping men.
But few of whom are
�Waialua Station Report for May, 1857.
During the past year we, as a family & a station, have enjoyed
at least an ordinary degree of health, & of other temporal blessings.
The rains have come in their season & watered the earth abundantly
& caused it to produce food both for man & beast; & the cry of famine
or pestilence has not been heard among us.
Industry & economy are
increasing among the people; & as a consequent ( !) better habitations
better enclosures, better agricultural implements, & more of them,
are often to be found.
Our people are now well nigh prepared for the
enactment of a new law: viz. That “they, who cultivate fields, shall
enclose them, or receive no damages for loss of crops,"
When fully
prepared for such a law civilization & industry may be regarded as
having made good progress.
But progress in civilization generally has its attendant evils;
The supply of one want creates two more; so that a liberal bestowment
of goods in aid of benevolent objects often decreases in proportion
as men’s worldly substance increases.
Such has been the fact thus
far to a greater or less extent with our people.
This however is al
most the inevitable consequent of progress.
State of morals.
Most of the people pay at least an external
regard to the Sabbath & its institutions.
A large portion of them
abstain from labor, travelling &c. on the sabbath & attend public worship, at least occasionally.
Yet some follow the example, so com
monly set by foreigners, of making the sabbath their usual day for
passing between Honolulu & Waialua.
The hulahula, card-playing, adultery & drinking are now prac
ticed with a considerable, degree of boldness by those whose taste
it suits to follow them - they having high authority to back them
up.
But the number is not large of those who follow such practices.
�Waialua 1857
2.
The business of cultivating awa for commerce has lately been
urged upon some of the people by authority from the Governor & His
Royal Highness, Lot Kamehameha.
The tool they selected to carry out
their purpose over one whose influence has been greater in Waialua
than that of any other native.
But he now lies low in death.
This
morning his mortal remains were committed to the tomb.
Tobacco patches are seen here & there growing with great luxurience.
Coffee does not do well in our district & tea has not been
tried to my knowledge.
Whatever influence\ the missionary can judiciously use in re
spect to either or all of these articles among the natives must be
such as he can unhesitatingly use toward foreigners as well as natives.
The cause of Christ has often been injured by straining at a gnat when
the camel has been left in the dish.
Schools.
Our common schools although doing some thing are far
inferior to what they were ten years ago.
To obtain the books that
we then had is impossible or others as good to supply their places To induce the young men, who are now taxed as men for all purposes
of government, to attend school is beyond our power; & what is worse
than all is the difficulty of obtaining a competent teacher for any
one of our native schools.
All among us, who are competent to teach,
are wanted for more lucrative employments, such as judges, clerks,
tax gatherers, cattle drivers, &c. &c.
Then again, that the Govt
should allow the wages of a teacher of English to be $800. per year,
& that of a teacher of native to be at most but about $100. does not
fall in very well with their notions of equality.
teach our school at 25
of $600 per year.
He that used to
cts. per day is now a Judge with a salary
Quite a contrast in the view of all*
Unless some
new arrangement can be made for our native schools, or some stronger
�Waialua 1857
3.
motive placed before those, who are competent to teach them, the
progress must he retrograde.
And I for one am well nigh\ persuaded
that, if our native schools in Waialua were entirely suspended, &
two competent teachers of English were placed here in their stead
our prospects for a common education among the people would he better
than they now are.
English School.
We have had one English school taught the
past year, by Mr. W. Chamberlain - he has had about 50 pupils, &,
although laboring under a serious disadvantage from deafness, his
school is well & punctually attended by all his pupils, some of whom
come daily 5 or 6 miles for instruction.
While the native schools
need their lunas to collect the children together, he has for almost
two years found prompt attendance without any luna, & such was the
experience of those who preceded him in that school I opened a school in English to be taught gratis for one month,
admitting all children who did not attend Mr. C' s school.
I had 50
scholars, & good attendance, & in some cases remarkable proficiency When the month was closed, Mr. Chamberlain recd quite an accession to
his school as the result of my effort.
Our native schools are now reduced to 3 or 4, where we had, 24
years since at least 16; & yet our population is about 1/2 as large
as it was then.
In September last we had a temperance celebration in connection
with the examination of the English School, at which were rehearsed
& sung, both in English & native, speeches & songs or hymns to the
great interest of the community, of all classes, & creeds attending.
This was followed by a very good repast, served up in good style &
variety, & obviously attractive to the sharpened appetites of the
many, who partook of the bounty.
�Waialua 1857
4.
Roads, Bridges, & Harbours.
While improvements in many things are gradually advancing at the
Isls . we are astonished at the short sighted policy of this Govt,
which seems to confine all public improvements to the City of Honolulu.
The Legislature appropriated the means for putting down an anchor in
the Harbor of Waialua, & for repairing certain roads, very important
to the progress of agriculture, & for the repair of bridges; but all
to little effect; as he, with whom the appointment of supervision
of roads is lodged, appoints no supervisors that we hear of, & leaves
roads, bridges & harbors mainly as they were. While a goodly Siam
must be expended for the war department, (better expended perhaps
in killing bed-bugs & fleas) & another large sum, in filling up the
sea, to provide for an exigency that will not soon arrive, if the
country is not first laid open, by good roads, to the easy conveyance
of produce to the market, Progress in civilization can never be great
while facilities for inter-communication are poor, & inducements to
agriculture small.
Heresies.
The spread & promotion of Mormonism. among us has cost
for the past 4 or 5 years the efforts of two or three foreigners much
of the time & a part of the time a larger number, together with the
efforts of several young men of Hawaiian blood whose reputation for
honesty chastity & truth has never been high.
But the rise, progress,
decline & fall of Mormonism among us might as well be written now as
at any later date - were it worth any one's time to do it.
They have
no meetings of late in our districts, & no disciples who hold themselves
ready to entertain them; & but here & there a stupid & stubborn one who
will allow the name of Mormon to attach to him.
Mr. Hyde’s & Kauahi's
tract seems to have come in good time to finish up the work that
was in progress before, viz. the developement ( !) of the rottenness
�W a i a l u a 1857
5
of Mormonism.
Popery is like a fire going out for the want of fuel.
They have
but one small school in the district of Wa i a l u a & none in Koolau.
Their priest is a more quiet & peaceable, m a n than most of those who
have b e e n among us, & perhaps on the whole good results f r o m his being
among us.
Incidents & labors of the year.
I have made three visits to Hauula during the year & attended
the communion there twice - Have been to Kahuku six or eight times
& h a d four communion seasons there*
Our religious exercises have
b ee n as usual three on the sabbath, besides the sabbath school, wh i c h
latter has of late been conducted by Samuel & his mother.
We have
h a d a meeting on Wednesday morning at the station, & a p art of the year
one on thursday in some one of the School districts.
M r . Gulick has
often assisted i n the services when at the Station - Particularly in
the E n g l i s h meeting, wh i c h has been uniformly attended at our house
on Sabbath P.M.
But he w ith his family has resided mos t of the year
at P u n a h o u .
The past year & the past w eek have b een marked by the death of
Lot Kuok o aa a man of more than ordinary influence in the chch. &
in t h e District of Waialua.
He was a man of strong m i n d & persuasive
eloquence & rarely f a i l e d to be found on the right side.
He was of
the old school & never could divert himself of the idea that the people
were the property of the king & chiefs & bound to obey t hem in all
things.
Not a m o n t h before his d e a t h he pl e a d as an apology for having
traveled f r o m Honolulu to Waialua some years since that the chiefs
ordered him. to do it; & quoted thus "O k a mea hoolohe i ke
hoolohe n o ia i ke Aku a " . (
'lii
�Waialua
1857
The chiefs have sustained a great loss to their influence as lords of
the people in the death of Kuokoa; the chch. also will feel his loss.
He was benevolent & kind industrious, & temperate & far in advance of
most men of his age.
Condition of the Chch.
The past has been a year of pruning the
vine & not of gathering in clusters among us.
More individuals have
been cut off from the chch. for fruitlessness than have been recd to
it by profession of their faith; & most of those who have been cut
off have been branches that for a long time have borne no fruit.
10 have been cut off from the Waialua Chch. for long habits of negligence & indifference to the means of grace, & 16 from the Kahuku
Chch. for drunkness ( !) hulahula & neglect of public worship, & 11
have been removed by death, in all 37. while only 13 have been recd
to the chch, 2 by profession & 11 by letter.
We have now in the chch. quite a number of aged & infirm people
& a few drones.
But we trust that the major part of our present
number are on the Lords side & will be numbered with his jewels.
Our
last communion seasons were marked by more than an ordinary degree of
interest & inspired hope that the Lord is about to revisit his people,
A few individuals appear to be fervent in prayer.
The table of statistics is appended.
Whole No. Recd on profession
Whole "
by letter
Recd past year by profession
"
"
"
by letter
Total receipts the past year
Whole No. dismissed to other chchs.
"
"
"
past year
Whole " died
Died the past year
Suspended the past year
Remain suspended
Excommunicated the past year
Remain excommunicated
Whole no in regular standing
Whole no. child baptized
Baptized the past year
Married the past year
991
196
3
11
14
371
0
245
11
—
26
56
365
767
3
9
�Waialua
1857
7.
Support of Pastor &c.
The people of my charge have contributed for my support the past
year in all $211.50 about $18. of which was given by Kahuku chch. &
the rest by Waialua Chch. nothing has been paid me by the chch. at
Hauula.
There has been contributed for Missions abroad $67.37 1/2 &
Recently there has been handed me for Kekela cash $11.
Cloth &c $7.00
The Chch. at Hauula consider themselves indebted to me rising $50.
which they have requested the Mis. Soc. to cansel (!) as they are at
present unable to do it.
Proposition for future arrangements.
It is my opinion that the later ( !) letter of Mr. Anderson,
recommending that our native Chchs. be divided up & native pastors be
settled over them, is founded in wisdom; & ought to receive our immediate attention.
I can not obtain my support nor 1/3 part of if from
the three chchs. with which I am connected.
But if the people were
released from all obligation to assist in my support, & were induced
to Settle three native pastors in colleague with me. (I mean Kuaea
for one of the three) I think I could do more good the rest of my days
in aiding them in their duties & in preparing them to take the charge
of the field, when it may be vacated by me, than by holding it alone
so long as I have strength to do it.
Waimalu also needs help very
much at Waianae, & such help as I think I might render him were I
in a condition to do it.
I grant that I or any of my brethren can do
all the work of our stations more easily alone than with a colleague.
But that I think is not the point we should aim it ( !).
It should be
to prepare our field for native pastors & native pastors for our
fields.
If the A.B.C.F.M. will pay me $600. annually as a part of
my support I will relinquish all claims upon the people for future
support & devote myself more to preparing them for native pastors.
Respectfully Submitted,
J/ S. Emerson
�Brief report of Waialua Station
Feb. 24, 1860
On the eve of leaving the Isls. for a short visit to the U.
States with Mrs. Emerson, I report briefly in respect to my station
& labors the past 3/4 of a year.
Our daily morning prayer meetings have been well sustained, our
congregations on the sabbath have been larger than the two previous
years. -
The sabbath school managed by my son & Mrs. Emerson has been
unusually well attended.
Much of the time Mrs. E. has attended a
meeting with the women on friday & attended one & sometimes two singing
schools per week.
The pastor has had a Theological School on Satur
day afternoon most of the year - has had three communion seasons at
Waialua, assisted the pastor at W aianae in sifting & reorganizing his
Church. 5 days - visited the Chch. at Hauula twice, & made repeated
attempts to gather together the scattered flock left by Kekela at
Kahuku; but with poor success.
While intemperance & adultery are increasing among the ungodly,
the Lord has not left his people here without some tokens of his favor.
Twenty seven have been added to the chch. by profession & nineteen by
letter.
Marriages have been 8 couple & deaths about twice as numerous
as the births.
51 deaths & 25 births.
My own health is much better than it was ten months since, although
my nervous system has received a shock from which it has not fully
recovered.
Mrs. E. is also much worn down.
We now hope to visit the U. States & to be absent from the
Islands ten or eleven months.
so clearly pointed out as now.
A duty which we have never before seen
May it be of the Lord, for good to
us & to his cause.
Emerson
�Waialua 1860
Statistics of the Chch at Waialua
Feb. 24, 1860.
Whole No. on Prof recd to Chch.
"
"
"
Certif
Past year on prof "
"
"
Certif
1031
227
27
19
Total past year
46
Whole number dismissed
73
Dismissed the past year
Total deceased
1
267
Deceased the past year
5
Excluded the past year
4
Remain excluded
Now in reg. Standing
325
�(Abstract)
Waialua,
J.S. Emerson
(1861)
The church have enjoyed some revival, 84 added by profession,
6 by letter, & 20 restored to fellowship.
Owing to the absence of the pastor, but 3 communions the past
year.
Contributions in cash fewer than usual, for pastor $193. - for
mo concert $35. - $228.
Habits of the people are improving.
buildings improving.
Industry is increasing &
Demands for the products of the soil are small,
Horses & meat cattle of little value.
Schools - better attended than last year.
attended.
Sabbath Schools well
Many of the youth have become hopefully pious.
Our congregations are large on the sabbath - morning prayer
meetings daily attended, & a meeting on Thursday is well filled, en
quiry meetings are held every week.
General intelligence slowly increasing - Christian character is
becoming more reliable.
A little increase in the population the past
4 years.
Mormonism is dead; Papists diminished
�Waeanae ( !) - J.S. Emerson
(Abstract 1861)
This church has been blessed with some revival the past year,
& 78 have been added to their number, nearly all by their late
pastor, Waimalu, who died in October last.
The church is poor, ill-informed & but partially supplied with
book(s) or periodicals, but in a more orderly & hopeful condition than
a year ago.
Contributions about $200, in part to support their former pastor
& in part to liquidate their debts.
They have erected a new meeting
house in a remote school district, & are still in debt over $100.
Sabbath & day schools are moderately useful.
The church has had three conmunion seasons the past year; two
since the death of their pastor.
Their roads have been entirely neglected the past four years,
& are very bad.
Their property, - horses & cattle, almost valueless, & many will
die for lack of food.
They desire a native sub-pastor & may perhaps pay him $150. per
year.
�Report of Waiahae Station for May 1862.
I have visited the Church at Waianae five times since our last
General Meeting, ocupying ( !) five days in each visit.
My labor with
the church has consisted in stirring them up by preaching the gospel,
conversing with them individually so far as I had opportunity, & ad
ministering discipline when required.
There are some good men in
that Chch. but never having enjoyed the constant labor of an intelli
gent pastor, they have not learned to bear the yoke & draw together
in harmony.
The Chch. has received no additions the past year, but
several deaths have occured ( !) several dismissions & more excisions.
There still remain quite a number on the list of members, who would
probably be cut off if the lunas were more active & faithful in their
duties.
The dry branches intertwining with those that would otherwise
bear fruit are a great evil in the Waianae Church.
While with them in July last a report was brought to my ears that
an apostate from brother Clarke’s ( !) Chch. had stated in Waianae &
repeatedly, that there was not a native minister in the Sandwich Isls .
who had not been guilty of adultery, &, as I understood it, while in
the ministry.
The statement did not seem to trouble the people much.
But, for the honor of our native ministry, I felt bound to try & prove
it false & slanderous, at least in its relation to Waianae.
I first
enquired of the Deacon - the ex-Judge of the district whether the re
port so far as related to their former pastor were true.
He said that
such was the general belief, & yet there had never been any proof of
it before the Ghch.
I then sent for the supposed guilty woman, a
church member, &, to my astonishment, she confessed all that had been
reported of them.
She professed penitence for her sin & a readiness
to make a public confession before the church, which she did do the
next sabbath.
�2.
Waianae 1862
This confession roused the anger of Waimalu’s sons, & they
threatened the woman & also the pastor with legal prossecution ( !)
for defaming the dead.
Waimalu’s widow acknowledged that she had sus
pected her husband of guilt, but he had constantly denied it.
With this guilt resting upon him Waimalu administered the Lords
supper & recd more than seventy to the Chch. but was taken with
symptoms of paralysis in the midst of the exercise.
The next day
being relieved he went in-land to superintend the building of some
stone wall, was siezed with a relapse & died before he could be got
back to his house.
The circumstances connected with Waimalu’s ministry, life & death
suggest questions of vital importance, in relation to the placing of
native pastors in full charge of churches, & suggest enquiries like
this
Ought any man who is even suspected of adultery while in the
church to be ordained as a gospel minister in these Islands?
The Church at Waianae have hired Koliko, one of Bro. Bishops
divinity students, to labor among them for one year; & are to pay him
$100 per year.
He appears pretty well & I hope will be useful.
The debt of the Chch. is mainly paid off but not entirely.
people with few exceptions are poor.
The
Most of the land Is either sold,
or under lease, to foreigners.
Two or three smaller lands are under lease to natives.
The people
are generally living on the old konohiki (one man in charge, with
others under him) system; & to get pasturage for their, worse than
worthless, horses is the burden of their effort through the year.
The population of the district is decreasing; schools are de
creasing in numbers, although the teachers are trying to do all they
can for their pupils.
Sabbath schools are attended with some interest,
but the number of attendants is small.
�Waianae 1862
5
There is a goodly number of adults in this district w h o appear
to prize the Wo r d of God, & listen to the instructions of the Sanctuary
w i t h mu c h interest.
What God has done for this people is n o t to b e
lightly estimated, that he w i l l do more & better things is t o be h o p e d
& praye d for.
Statistics of the Chch, I have as yet failed to get.
receive t h e m soon,
enough for our minutes.
But hope to
�Report of Waialua Station May 1862
The past year with us has been more miscelanious ( !) than any
year of our residence at the Isls.
Returning from our journey to the
U. States but just before our last General Meeting, both Mrs. E . &
myself have found the work of two years thrown upon one.
especially heavy upon the mother of many sons.
This bears
I have spent 49 days
of the year in visiting the Chchs. at Waianae & Hauula; & all our
churches have required increased attention from the fact that they
were all increased by large additions the year before.
The past year
8 have been recd to the Waialua chch. by profession & 7 by letter while
8 have died & 8 have been excommunicated & one has been restored to
fellowship, so that our number is the same as at the beginning of the
year.
We have had a daily prayer meeting at the station & much of the
time in several of the school districts connected with the station & on
thursdays a lecture in some one of the school districts.
day-meetings are usually rather thinly attended.
But week
Our reading of the
Scriptures through in company is now in progress for the eighth time,
& in my opinion is a valuable institution for our people.
One of the
chapters for the sabbath day; not unfrequently furnishes the text for
one of the sermons on the Sabbath.
Improvements.
The past year our people have built no meeting houses, nor school
houses, have purchased no bells, nor broken any.
Neither have we
started any new plantations, have constructed no new roads or bridges;
& till within the past few weeks have not kept our old roads in repair.
Our people have gone into no great excesses
e ither of dances,
bacchanalian revels, card playing or such like things.
But there have
been improvements.
During the past few weeks our roads have been put into better
�Waialua 1862
5
our mean horses met a like fate, So that we expect a somewhat improved
breed of horses & cattle from this evil, & no thanks to man for the
blessing.
Our roads have within the past few weeks been very much improved
so that a one or two horse team many now pass with ease in six or 7
hours between Honolulu & Waialua.
We have the prospect of still
greater improvements in roads & bridges so that we may hope to pass
with much ease & safety between Honolulu & Hauula.
Our population is not increasing unless it may be by immigration.
Deaths the past year in Waialua 53
Births 36 - decrease 17; & perhaps
about that number have entered the district during the year.
Our chch. at Waialua has recd but 8 additions by profession, &
7 by letter, while 8 have been removed by death & 8 by discipline so
that our number is about the same as it was one year ago.
Deaths of those who have at any time been members of our church
are 610 so far as is ascertained.
My time has been much occupied in visits among the people &
meetings with the different chchs.
The Oahu Clerical association has met twice during the year,
once at Hauula & once at Honolulu.
Its meetings have been conducted
with great harmony, & are productive of much good especially to those
of us who live some what remote from the metropolis.
The exercises
are almost entirely in English, as three or four of our members do
not understand the native language.
In September, we formed a conference of Chchs for Oahu at Haaula,
which had its second meeting at Honolulu, in February.
The business
of this conference, is conducted entirely in the native language, &
is attended by five native delegates from each of the native Chchs.
on the Island.
No measure has been adopted on Oahu, which promises
�Waialua 1862
2.
repair than they have been in for two years before.
A few natives
have built them wooden houses some with shingled roofs, others are
collecting materials to do the same.
A few are trying experiments
in rice, others in cotton, But the latter have generally been un
successful.
Our schools are about as they were a year ago both as to numbers
& interest.
The lack of suitable school-books is an obvious hindrance
to their progress; & teachers do not seem to be in advance of those
we had 15 or 20 years ago.
The Sabbath School is receiving the kind & anxious attention of
Mrs. Emerson, Samuel & Levi Chamberlain with some native teachers of
classes.
Although the number of scholars is much smaller than it
should be, the influence of the school is very happy.
The progress
of our people in every desirable thing is slow & spasmodic.
thing moves by impulses.
Every
One month we get up an Agricultural Society;
& talk bravely of planting rice, cotton, coffee, Sugar &c. &c. but
before three months are past, our society sleeps apparently the sleep
of death, unless the missionary consents to be its soul & body too.
We get up an effort to fence our cultivated lands & secure them
from the depridation of cattle but the enthusiasm subsides when the
job is half done, & so of a hundred other things.
A nation, that is
born in a day, will require generation to mature in.
It was so with
the Israelites, it mast be expected to be so of Hawaiians.
The almost total lack of rain during the latter part of the year
1860 & all of 1861 has caused a great scarcity of food for man & for
beast.
But rains of late have been abundant & the beast of the field
rejoice, while vegetable food for man is yet very scarce.
But famine is not without its blessings.
Our poor cattle were
slaughtered by hundreds to prevent the starvation of many & some of
�Waialua1862
4.
so much toward enlightening & harnessing in to the work the lay mem
bers of cur Chchs. as this.
We hope that the conference will he
long perpetuated & increase in usefulness.
Trials & pleasures of the way.
One of our Chch. members of 28 years standing, who has during
this period withstood the temptations to which many others have yield
ed, & on the whole conducted very well as a Christian, has, during the
past few months, fallen into a quarrel with a brother in-law, a very
small matter, but so contumacious, blind & deaf to all counsel has
he shown himself that we were obliged to set him aside from the com
munion.
Upon this he has broken loose from every chord that bound him
to his brethren; & he now acts like the man who became re-possessed
of 7 unclean spirits instead of one.
But it is possible he will yet
come to his senses & be a better man than before.
It was the deaf &
dumb foul spirits that baffled the power of Christs disciples; &
such are probably the hardest cases to be dealt with.
The case allu
ded to Is deaf to all instruction, but as he is not dumb, there is
possible the more hope ------- that he will be brought to repentance.
We have two other cases of a more interesting character, who left
the Chch. & enlisted for Satan in connection with Keawehunahalo's
rebellion.
And one of them at the time declared he had enlisted to
serve during the war.
So he in a particular manner plunged into
almost every excess of drunkness (! ), falsehood perjury & sabbathbreaking, speaking often great swelling words of vanity.
But for the
past few months both of these have been constant & interested hearers
of the word & usually are found in the morning prayer-meeting, humble
& apparently in their right mind sitting at the feet of Jesus.
It
is truly marvelous to see how the Spirit of God changes the tiger,
the lion, & the swine to the docile & confiding lamb.
One of them
�Waialua 1862
says that while pride would not allow him to come & confess his sins,
the sound of the church going bell was a dreadful sound to him, &
while others went to the house of God he often went & read his Bible
to try & atone for his neglects.
Thanks to the Lord that some appar
ently hardened rebels have a conscience within to trouble them.
Bible reading.
We are now reading the Bible through with our
people the eighth time; &, almost every day, I find a chance to throw
some light on the chapter for the day in a little gathering of our
people.
The amount of scripture knowledge obtained & the increasing
ability to receive more manifested by our constant & daily Bible
readers are to me circumstances of deep interest.
The day of fasting & prayer appointed by the president of the
U. States our annual thanksgiving & the day of fasting & prayer for
schools & colleges were observed by many of our people with much
interest.
Our chch. has contributed the past year in cash,
For Mo Concert
Support of pastor
In all
$
35.25
297.03
330.28
Beside this some small bundles have been sent to missionaries in the
Marquesas Isls.
Our contributions are small, & the people feel poor.
The proper
ty in which they abound & from which their means have been to a great
extent obtained in former years, has the past year been of no value,
& in many instances only a bill of expense.
In the Chchs. under my care I find there is a very great negli
gence among the members in bringing forward their children for bap
tism.
Perhaps the fault is in part my own, as I have uniformly refused
to baptize those children that the parents intended to give away to
their friends.
I also have refused to baptize adopted children for
�Waialua 1862
6.
our church members when the form prescribed by the laws of the Kingdom
to make adoption legal had not been complied with -
As the duty of
church members to have their children baptized is one in which we
are generally agreed & yet our practice may be diverse I should like
to be instructed on the subject by this body.
Statistics of the Waialua Chch. 1862
Total received by Prof
by letter
Past year by prof
by letter
total
total dismissed
past year
total died
” past year
Excluded past year
Now in reg - standing
Children baptized
Baptized past year
Marriages
Born in Waialua
died
1123
230
8
7
15
73
0
282
8
8
408
705
1
14
36
53
�Report of Waialua Station, Oahu. May, 1863.
The past year has been marked by no very extraordinary events
to make it unlike the years that have gone before.
We have had sick
ness in our family; but death has not entered our dwelling.
We are
conscious that as we commence the thirity ( !) second year of our resi
dence at the islands, we have not the elasticity of limb with which
we entered the field, nor the buoyant hope of living to see around us
a civilized, industrious, thriving congenial and homogenious race of
people.
”The fathers where are they? ”
book of church names is badly starred.
The first thirty pages of my
The first page contains but
four names of living church members; and many pages are starred from
top to bottom.
Out of 1166 who have been registered as church members
at least 622 are numbered with the dead.
More than half have departed.
There are now living 48 who have at different times, and for reasons
that appeared sufficient at the time, been cut off from the fellow
ship of the church.
Of these 48, about twelve are now numbered with
the Papists, and six or eight have joined the Mormon Fraternity.
Of the rest some ten or twelve are frequently seen with us in the house
of God on the Sabbath day.
Many of those who joined the Papists did
it to avoid all contributions for every religious object.
Those who
have united with the Mormons have done it knowing that with their habits
of life they could never be expected to be fellowshiped ( !) by us.
There are a number of names on our church book that we have
neither excommunicated nor dismissed, and I have not learned their
locality; although not numbered with the dead, we do not reckon them
with the living; so in the table they will be unaccounted for.
The past year I have spent ten Sabbaths away from Waialua, four
with the church in Waianae, five with the church in Hauula, and one
in Honolulu.
My routine of labors has been much as in past years.
�Waialua 1863
2.
A morning prayer meeting every day in the week; usually two other
meetings during the week, a lecture in some part of Waialua, and on
Friday a lesson in scripture history at the station.
On the Friday
previous to the communion, we have a day of religious exercises, when
all of the church in the district are expected to be present, and
answer to their names.
are very laborious.
These preparatory meetings for the communions
Sometimes the whole week is devoted to conversing
a few minutes with each member of the church.
Such personal conver
sations are undesired and disagreeable only to those who are negligent
& wandering.
Our church has not been increased the past year, except
by letter, either in Waialua, Waianae or Hauula.
If there has been
any progress among us in anything good it has been by growth in grace,
or by the lopping off of dead or unfruitful branches.
The winnowing
process has been carried on somewhat extensively; and, we trust, to
the advantage of all our churches.
In this we have been especially
aided by a company of very unclean Mormons, who by flattery and false
hood are able to beguile unstable, ignorant and unfruitful professors
of religion, and many who were once professors, but have apostatized.
But so marked is the difference between our stable church members and
the Mormon community, even the least among them, that all can tell a
Mormon by his peculiar fruits.
Papists.
Our Papist neighbors embrace nominally about one fifth
of the community.
Iokeewe, their priest, is a Frenchman, naturally
irascible, but now in poor health, and advanced in years.
He improves,
I think, as he grows older, and the little community of which he is
the center is becoming a more staid, liberal, Intelligent and respectIble ( !) community than in former years; and, although as a community
far below the Evangelical Protestants, in education, industry, wealth
and business tact, yet they are far above the Mormons in Industry,
morals, and every desirable trait.
�Waialua 1863
Of the English Reformed Catholics we have hut few specimens; and,
so far as we have seen them, they are well described by their own
poet, -
"Baptized infidels, the worse for mending,
"Washed to fowler stains",
confirmed in their sins, not purified from them. We can but marvel
that the church of England, with all her knowledge and tact at finan
ciering, could not have found among the millions of unevangelized
pagans some spot on which to bestow her Christian liberality in some
more praiseworthy manner, and on some more needy & promising people
than they can find at these Isls . after the field has been so fully
cultivated for more than one third of a century.
But some men do not
blush to reject Paul's good advice to the Corrinthians ( !) (2d 10:16)
"To preach the gospel in the regions beyond, and not to boast in
another man’s line of things, made ready to their hand."
Population.
The population of Waialua in 1854 was 1137, and in
1860 it was 1309; an increase by immigration of nearly 200.
While
in Koolauloa the population in 1854 was 1214, but is now less than
that of Waialua.
62.
The births in Waialua the past year were 41, deaths
In no year have the births exceeded the deaths since 1853; but
generally they have been only two thirds as numerous.
Why has the
population in Waialua increased, while it has decreased in every other
rural district of the island, if not of the whole group?
only one way to account for it.
I have
There is more land owned by common
natives in Waialua than in any other district of Oahu; and the people
are less oppressed by foreign land owners than in any other district;
and so they increase by immigration faster than they decrease by excess
of deaths above the births.
Famine. Waialua is the granary of the west of Oahu.
Its capa
bilities for the production of kalo have not been fully tested of late
years, nor are they likely soon to be, as the people do not calculate
�4.
Waialua 1863
to cultivate any more than they expect to find a good market for near
home.
Some portions of Waialua and a part of Koolau have suffered
severely from drought the past three years.
manner has lost its kalo crop for two years.
Waimea in an especial
They have used up their
money in buying food, and are now in a state of great destitution.
(Unsigned)
�Report of Waianae Station (1863)
The district of Waianae contains about 700 people at the present
time, about one half of the number it contained twenty five or thirty
years ago.
The land is mainly adapted to grazing.
Fifty or a hundred
acres may be fit for kalo; and 500 for the plow in favorable seasons.
The pasture land is divided into six or seven divissions ( !);
and
secured to as many parties or individuals on long lease or fee simple
titles.
These six or seven parties may be called the lords of the
soil, and of the people; as they controll ( !) much of the time of the
people in pay for the pasturage of their horses, of which they are very
fond, and own a far too large number for their good.
The kalo land
of the d i s
trict, as now cultivated, furnishes but little more food
than Is consumed by the people.
Fish and fungus are the principal
commodities of export for the common people; and fishermen are pro
verbially poor from ancient times.
There are now two schools with about twenty five scholars apiece.
There is a mission church, and two buildings for worship, and two
places for meetings, about eight miles apart.
Besides the mission
church there is a company of Papists, not well organized, influential
or industrious.
There is also a company who call themselves Mormons.
These consist generally of persons who have been cut off from the
Protestant church for indifference to all its ordinances, or adultery,
or both, and also of that class who, being very ignorant, have never
been members of any church, and who are promised life, health and sal
vation by joining the Mormons.
This costs them little more than to
submit to be immersed in water, an act which is not very trying to
them in any way .
The church of Waianae has been under a native pastor for ten or
twelve years till the death of Waimalu in the year 1860.
It was then
�Waianae 1863
2.
without a pastor except as I have attended its communious(
) four times
!
per year, up to the present time.
During the past year, ending in
April last, they have had the services of a native licentiate, at
one hundred dollars per annum.
But, as the pay was so inadequate to
his necessities, he had devoted more of his time to agriculture than
to the cultivation of the people.
The church hoped to get out of debt
by giving little for the gospel, but it has been otherwise.
They have
now concluded to do without any pastoral labor between the communion
seasons until they may again be in funds, which I fear will not soon
take place.
In the time of Waimalu there were nominally in the church between
200 & 300 members.
Of these 277 have died; and, during the past two
years, 33 have been cut off from the church.
Sixty one who were once
In the church are now living as excluded members.
There are many
aged persons still living in the church who are too feeble to go far
to meeting, or contribute anything for the support of the gospel.
The members who can be relied on for aid in supporting the gospel is
probably less than one hundred.
No additions have been made to the
church during the past year, except that one has been restored to its
communions.
At the communion in October, 1862
19 were cut off, nearly
all of them for living in a state of socialism in its fullest sense,
and in which, as I afterwards learned, some of them had lived for many
years.
I have visited the church four times during the year; and spent
nearly a week on each visit, holding a communion with the church, and
meeting the people repeatedly in different parts of the district.
There is little prospect of the population’s increasing for years
to come, but the opposite, as no part of the district is suitable for
an extensive sugar plantation.
There are in Waianae, generally ten
or twelve white or half white people who speak the English language.
�Waianae
1863
3.
But their influence is far from being favorable to religion.
They need the labors of a good, faithful native pastor, and he
to be helped by missionary visits, to secure his support, and help
forward any good he may aim to accomplish.
Wai
alua
Waia
nae
Whole number of church members on profession 1066 582
Whole number by certificate
—
102
Received past year on profession of faith
0
1
"
"
by certificate
5
0
Whole number past year
5
1
"
" dismissed to other churches
365
39
’’
past year
0
16
"
"
died
333 277
"
past year
13
16
—
Suspended past year
——
Excommunicated past year
9
33
Total excommunicated
88
61
Living
do
48
Total in regular standing
348 160
Total children baptized
720
66
Children baptized past year
15
16
Married past year
-10
Contributions for pastor
$276.87
(Unsigned)
Hauula
651
39
0
2
2
21
6
250
8
36
265
177
9
10
�Waialua
June 1865
Report of J.S. Emerson’s labors.
During the past year since June last I have partially supplied
the pulpit at Waialua 16 sabbaths conducted 12 of the communions, &
also attended the communions in Koolau loa at Hauula & Kahana.
I
have uniformly attended a reading & prayer meeting at sunrise on the
Sabbath & conducted also Bible school Sabbath noon when at Waialua -
I
have attended somewhat to the medical wants of the people & visited
some what among the people.
My health is gradually improving but it
is not such as would enable me to read with ease & correctness for any
length of time in any language -
There is as I think a slight paraly
sis of both of the optic nerves which prevents ready & acute vision
although It does not acquaint with the cause of the defect, or produce
any pain in the organs of vision.
A portion of my time - perhaps the largest has been ocupied ( !) in
supervising some small matters connected with my family, but without
much hand labor on my part -
The Mormons have come into our field &
done more to injure it than Bishop Staley & all his staff.
But the
low state of religion among the people - Horse racing, Gambling &
card playing & the great lack of family religion & parental govt have
troubled me more than all else -
If family religion is neglected
little else can avail to produce a reform.
(Unsigned; done in pencil)
�
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Mission Station Reports - Oahu
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Mission Station Reports - Oahu - Waialua / Waianae - 1832-1865
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1832, 1833, 1834, 1835, 1836, 1837, 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, 1843, 1844, 1846, 1848, 1849, 1851, 1852, 1853, 1854, 1855, 1856, 1857, 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1865