288 10 11779 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/a33b619fe87601e349cc433ed7bf4bc9.pdf 2e6e00a5f3a6524e71fe82c1689ca81b PDF Text Text ��Letter Reference: 1831_Nov24_Bingham-Evarts Date of Letter: Nov. 24, 1881 From: Hiram Bingham To: Jer. Evarts, Esq. Content Summary: Hiram Bingham writing to Jer. Evarts, Esq. discussing the translation of some letters from Kaahumanu to him, commenting on her burdens as a ruler bearing the yoke of Christ. Typescript: [Page 1 of 2] 223 224 Note - Nov. 24, 1881 To Jer. Evarts Esq. I have in the above endeavor to give you a correct translation of a letter which, Kaahumanu, in consequence of my advising her to write you, sometimes since sent to me to translate and forward to you if I approved of it. It appears to be in the hand writing of Laanui, and perhaps, he assisted her in ^the composition.- Some of the phrases are difficult to express in good English. The last paragraph is all in the dual number, the pronoun after repeated signifying mine & thine. Her reference to her inability to travel on as a strong man as with vigor & courage with christ's yoke resting on her shoulder, as a strong man in the pride and vigor if he's strongest takes up ^& carries the ordinary yoke with which the natives usually carry their burdens, is very striking in her mouth and in her language, as it distinctly refers to ^the great work which she suffers herself as a ruler to be required to perform for Christ, rather ^than the trials and comp sacrifices that she expects to meet. Her ^sense of her own weakness & her confidence that Christ will himself strengthen her to bear his yoke continually is and with ^her intended continual praise to him and his glory & his love, is a beautiful comment on the nature of that ^her gre trembling prostration beneath the shadow of the feet of Jesus when she heard by the gospel his gracious invitation. The last two or three years of her life have brought with them trials �which will prepare her with for sympathy with David.- She bears reproach and opposition with a good degree of moderation, and suffers abuse at unworthy hands, with what is thought by some singular forbearance.- But let her works praise herShe highly prizes your letter to her - & they appear to be useful and I hope may be repeated. Yours, truly and affectionately H. Bingham [Page 2 of 2] P.S. If it is a fault that I should add my remarks to the translation of this letter and another which accompanies it, they can easily be detached, & I can be corrected hereafter should ^I have this pleasant service to repeat after. Kaahumanu's letter Remarks by Mr. Bingham May 7, 1832. Rcvd Oct. 24 R.A. D.G. Double Edgartown Mass May 4th Jeremiah Evarts Esq. Cor. Sec. A.B.C.F.M. Missionary Rooms Boston, Mass. U.S.A. Ship Cyrus Capt. Hussey Notes: 1. Hiram Bingham - Rev. Hiram Bingham arrived in Hawaiʻi with the first company of missionaries in 1820. He was the leader of the Mission and was the pastor of the first church on Oʻahu, Kawaiahaʻo. 2. Jer. Evarts, Esq. - Jeremiah F. Evarts was an early leader of the American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions (A.B.C.F.M.). He was a reformer who advocated for the rights of Native Americans and wrote under the pseudonym William Penn. �3. Kaahumanu - The favorite wife of Kamehameha I, Kaʻahumanu was the first Kuhina Nui, or regent, from 1819-1832. She was a convert and a strong advocate for the Protestant religion. 4. Laʻanui [Gideon] - Gideon Peleiōhōlani Laʻanui was a native of Waimea, Hawaiʻi who was partly raised in the court of Kamehameha I and married Nāmāhana, a sister of Kaʻahumanu. He was an early Christian convert and became an active member of the church, living in Waialua, Oʻahu. 5. David - This is likely a biblical reference or to an unknown contemporary. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kaahumanu - Ali`i Letters - 1831.11.24 - Bingham, Hiram to Evarts, Jeremiah Description An account of the resource Hiram Bingham writing to Jeremiah Evarts, Esq. discussing the translation of some letters from Kaahumanu to him, commenting on her burdens as a ruler bearing the yoke of Christ. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kaahumanu, Elizabeth Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1831-11-24 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/60d75623f7445a999384a33900452daf.pdf c5b573e88bafacdbcb016eac1dd5a89a PDF Text Text ��Letter Reference: 1826_Jan24_Boki-Unknown Date of Letter: January 24, 1826 From: Boki To: Unknown Content Summary: A note containing a letter published in the Quarterly Review and supposedly written by Boki to friends in England describing the conduct of American Missionaries in Hawai‘i. Typescript: [Page 1 of 2] The Sandwich Islanders The following note to an article relative to the conduct of the American Missionaries at the Sandwich Islands appears in the number of the Quarterly Review just published: Note to the article on the Sandwich Islanders. “Since the preceeding pages have been struck off, we have been favored with the following literal copy of a letter from Boki (which we pledge ourselves to be genuine) confirming what we have stated with regard to the conduct of the American Missonaries at the Sandwich Islands. “Island of Woahoo Jan 24, 1826 “Sir - I take this opportunity to send you this few lines hopping the will find you in good health, as ples God the live me at present, I am sorry to inform you that Mr. Pitt (Karaimokoo) has gone thro four operashons since you sailed from here, but thank God he is now much better, and we ar in hops of his recovery, and I am very sorey to tell you that Mr. Bingham, the head of the Misheneries is trieing evere thing in his powr to have the Law of this country in his own hands, all of us are very �happy to have sum pepel to instruct us in what is rite and good but he wants us to be intirely under his laws, which will not do with the natives; I have done all in my powr to prevent it, and I have done it as yet, ther is Cahomano wishes the Misheneres to have the whole atority, but I sholl prevent it as long as I cane, for if we have, ther will be nothing done in these islands not even cultivation for ther own use, I wish the pepel to reid and to rite and likewise to worke, but the misheneres [Page 2 of 2] have got them night and day old and young so that there is verrey little don her at present, The pepel in general ar verrey much discertisfled at the Misheneres thinking they will have the laws in ther own hands. Captain Charlton has not arrived from Otiety which makes me think sumthing has hapned to him. Mr. Bingham has gone so far as to tell the natives neither King George nor Lord Biron has an regard for God, or aney of the English Cheefs, that they are all bad pepel but themselves, and ther is no Redemsion for aney of the heads of the English or American nations, God send you good health and a long life “Mrs. Boki sends her kind love to Lord Biron and M. Camrone and the Hon M. Hill (Signed) “Na Boki” Notes: 1. Boki - Boki Kamāʻuleʻule was a high chief in the court of Kamehameha I, a husband of Kuini Liliha and a sibling of Kālaimoku. He accompanied Kamehameha II on the journey to London in 1823. Guardian of young Kauikeaouli, Kamehameha III, Boki served as a governor of Oʻahu from the time of Kamehameha I and was an entrepreneur until he departed on an ill-fated expedition in 1829. 2. London Quarterly Review - This was a literary and political periodical published from 1809 to 1967, where the English version of this letter was apparently printed. �3. Mika Pitt (Karaimokoo) - Kālaimoku, also known as Kalanimoku and William Pitt Kalanimoku, was a trusted advisor of Kamehameha I. During the travels of Liholiho and Kamāmalu to Great Britain, he co-ruled the Hawaiian kingdom with Kaʻahumanu, maintaining a leadership role during the first reigning years of the new king, Liholiho's younger brother, Kauikeaouli. 4. Mika Binamu - Rev. Hiram Bingham arrived in Hawaiʻi with the first company of missionaries in 1820. He was the leader of the Mission and was the pastor of the church at Kawaiahaʻo. 5. Cahomano - Kaʻahumanu, the favorite wife of Kamehameha I, was the kindom's first Kuhina Nui, or regent, from 1819-1832. She converted to Christianity in 1825 and became a strong advocate for the Protestant religion. 6. Captain Charlton - Richard Charlton was a businessman and the English Consul in Hawaiʻi who was a good friend of Liliha. 7. Lord Byron - A captain in the British Royal navy who accompanied homewards, on the HMS Blonde, the bodies of King Kamehameha II and Queen Kamāmalu in 1824. 8. Mr. Camrone - A familiar of Boki's, to whom he sends regards. 9. Mr. Hill - A familiar of Boki's, to whom he sends regards. 10. This letter also appears in Hawaiian, a copy of which has been translated by the Awaiaulu MHM Project 2016 in file #5 of Chiefs Hawaiian Letters � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Boki - Ali`i Letters - 1826.01.24 - to Unknown Description An account of the resource A note containing a letter published in the Quarterly Review and supposedly written by Boki to friends in England describing the conduct of American Missionaries in Hawai‘i. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Boki Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1826-01-24 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/c8f4358efc021708c36e09e877f7e03a.pdf 64e0859f27cb707419c66e8425600629 PDF Text Text ���Letter Reference: 1828_Jul31_Boki-Unknown Date of Letter: July 31, 1828 From: Boki To: Unknown Content Summary Boki writes about a conversation he has with a “chief of the man a war” in which the “chief” expresses his objection towards the prostitution law. Typescript: [Page 1 of 2] Translation of the foregoing [July 31,1828. The chief of the man of war said to me the very strict tabu is not good. Do you go slow, lest going quick, you tumble down. Do like other lands. In America, some women are tabu and some are not - In England some women are tabu and some are not. The women that regard god, they are tabu, the women that regard not god are not tabu Let them alone, and leave them to their own thoughts; for you have taught them sufficiently, but they do not listen to what you say. If the foreigners from the vessels giveth them money or cloth, let them take it. Let them not say we are tabu - neither let the chiefs go after the prostitutes on board the ships, that is a very shameful thing with our chiefs. This is all which I correctly heard, myself, but there is one more thing, Kahuhu told me the chief of the man of war said thus to me," The men of my vessel are going up to pull �down Mr. Bingham’s house. Let them look out. Twice it was told to me, and twice I told Kaahumanu and Rev. Bingham. Here is one thing more that I heard di[Page 2 of 2] rectly from his own mouth," Mr. Bingham is not good in his tabuing riding on the sabbath and racing for money on other days. witnesses Signed Boki Davida Malo Manuia Boki Recd at the Rooms April 18 1829 Notes: 1. Kahuhu - James Kahuhu was educated with the chiefs, part of the first group to learn English and written Hawaiian. He became a teacher of literacy and Christianity. 2. Bingham - Rev. Hiram Bingham arrived in Hawaiʻi with the first company of missionaries in 1820. He was the leader of the Mission and was the pastor of the first church on Oʻahu, Kawaiahaʻo. 3. Kaahumanu - The favorite wife of Kamehameha I, Kaʻahumanu was the first Kuhina Nui, or regent, from 1819-1832. She was a convert and a strong advocate for the Protestant religion. 4. Boki - Boki Kamāʻuleʻule was a high chief in the court of Kamehameha and a sibling of Kālaimoku. Boki served as a governor of Oʻahu and was an entrepreneur. 5. Davida Malo - David Malo was close with Governor Adams, brother of Kaʻahumanu. He was an early convert to Christianity, was schooled at Lahainaluna and was regarded as a great Hawaiian scholar and an important advisor to the chiefs. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Boki - Ali`i Letters - 1828.07.31 - to Unknown Description An account of the resource Boki writes about a conversation he has with a “chief of the man a war” in which the “chief” expresses his objection towards the prostitution law. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Boki Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1828-07-31 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/3baff92caad9da8ad2974e92ad5bfe02.pdf 991da4a1de8757978d8f6336ac62501f PDF Text Text ����Letter Reference: 1827_Oct24_Hoapilikane-Kaahumanu Date of Letter: October 24, 1827 From: Hoapilikane To: Kaahumanu Content Summary: A letter from Hoapilikane to Kaahumanu reporting about an incident in Maui regarding Capt. Clark taking women on board his ship for the purpose of prostitution. [Page 1 of 4] Typescript: [Archival Note] No. 222 Translation of a letter from Hoapili to Kaahumanu, giving an account of the firing on Lahaina + the reason for it. Lahaina. Oct. 24th, 1827. Love to you Elizabeth Kaahumana, This is the word which I have to declare to you. We have recently been in difficulty, we here of Maui. No one else is involved, I alone. It was my own personal resolution. This is the ground of the difficulty which you are to consider.- a strict regard to God.- because you & we had said, the women must not go on board the ships for the purposes of prostitution. I have strictly observed this word of ours. There have recently gone off secretly several women for purposes of lewdness, Nakoko and Hikapako and others whose names I do not know. When I heard by the people that the ship had got possession of the women, then I requested the commander of the ship, Capt. Clark, to return to me the women. He would not consent. He ridiculed what I said. That day passed, next morning I urged him again, three times I insisted on it. He said to me, your efforts are vain, it is not right, it is not thus in Great Britain - it is not right for �you to withhold women from Englishmen.- Dont keep [Page 2 of 4] back the women that go in the bad way otherwise a man of war will come & destroy you all. Then I replied, I do not at all regard what you have said, there is but one thing that is right in my view, that you send me back the women.- but understand, if you do not return them, I shall detain you here on shore till we obtain the women, then you may go to the ship. My requirement was not at all complied with. Then I sent men to take the boat. The boat was detained by me, & the foreigner was detained by me here on shore. He said to me, this place will be full of ships & Maui shall be free from tabu or entirely burnt, so that not a cluster of houses shall be left: my ship is ready to fire upon you this night. I replied, if the guns of your ship fire, I will take care of you. You & I and my chiefs will go to another place. If your men fire from the ship, we the people of the island will remain quiet, but if the people land here on shore to fight us then my people will fight them. You and I will sit still & let your people & mine do the fighting. I will take care of you. If you do not give me back the women, you & I will dwell here on shore, & you shall not return to your vessel. I have but one desire, & that is the return hither of the women. I ended. We continued together from the early to the latter part of the [Page 3 of 4] evening, when the cannon of the ship were fired. Mr. Richards had come to me saying, "I have come to promote a reconciliation out of love to you, & out of love to them." Mr. Richards inquired of me, "What is your design? I replied, my only design is that the women be returned. We were pursuaded to yield by Mr. Richards. I therefore sent the foreigner back but did not obtain the women. These are my thoughts concerning the recent doings in this place belonging to your king; it is nearly right perhaps, it is nearly wrong, perhaps. He said to me, "I shall sail to Oahu, Boki and the Consul will come and fight. Where are you? look out well for Nakoko & those with �her, and if you can get them, send them back here to Maui, and if the vessel does not anchor, then give directions to Pelekaluhi. It is ended. Love to you all, Hoapilikane. [Page 4 of 4] Translations of Various Letters. April 24, 1829. Notes: 1. Nakoko & Hikapako - Two Hawaiian women who were prostituting themselves and at the center of this incident. 2. Capt. Clark - Captain of an English ship who fired his ship's cannon at Lahaina in protest of restrictions that kept women from being taken on board. 3. Mr. Richards - William Richards came to Hawaiʻi with the second company of missionaries and taught at Lahainaluna. He would later leave the Mission and became an integral member of the Hawaiian government. 4. Boki - Boki Kamāʻuleʻule was a high chief in the court of Kamehameha I, a husband of Kuini Liliha and a sibling of Kālaimoku. He had accompanied Kamehameha II on the journey to London in 1823 and on his return, became the guardian of young Kauikeaouli, Kamehameha III. 5. Pelekaluhi - Palekaluhi was a name of Kaikioʻewa, a chief from the time of Kamehameha I, who later became the governor of Kauaʻi. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hoapilikane - Ali`i Letters - 1827.10.24 - to Kaahumanu, Elizabeth Description An account of the resource A letter from Hoapilikane to Kaahumanu reporting about an incident in Maui regarding Capt. Clark taking women on board his ship for the purpose of prostitution. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hoapilikane Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1827-10-24 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/c732a636643dbbb2e6283401f7238454.pdf ef5319459e1db54a572f36488a9a34cc PDF Text Text ����Letter Reference: 1827_Nov09_HoapiliWahine.et.al-Unknown Date of Letter: Nov. 9, 1827 From: Statements of Hoapili Wahine, Hoapilikāne, Harriet Nahiʻenaʻena and Michael Kekauonohi regarding the sale of Leoiki, a Hawaiian woman, to Captain Buckle. To: Unknown Content Summary: Declarations of Hoapili Wahine, Hoapilikāne, Harriet Nahiʻenaʻena and Michael Kekauonohi regarding the purchase by Capt. Buckle of the woman, Leoiki, from the chief, Wahinepio. Typescript: [Page 1 of 4] 219 Translations of Certificates from several persons respecting Capt. Buckle's purchasing a mistress to accompany him on a sea voyage. Lahaina Nov. 9th, 1827. Here is my declaration respecting what I have heard Wahinepio herself told me, here are the golden dollars paid for Leoiki. I am keeping them for our chief. This is what I heard from Wahine Pio; but what we all know is that Leoiki went for the golden dollars, & where there is payment there is purchase. We all know that Leoiki went for money. By Hoapili Wahine ----------------------------This also is my declaration. I perfectly understand the sale of Leoiki. It is perfectly clear to me that the payment of the money was what caused the woman to go. The bargain was plain to us. Leoiki wept on account of her unwillingness to go - but she was unable to stay on account of the desire of her chief for the money. Her very weeping made it plain to us that she was sold. But in this country a payment is evidence of a sale, so also is prostitution for pay, so also are gifts and rewards of adulterers. The bargain is unquestionable. The woman �[Page 2 of 4] was carried to sea. We all know that Leoiki went for money. The child of the bargain is large. All the people of Maui know that Leoiki went for money. My declaration is made. By Hoapilikane. ----------------------------Here also is my declaration. When Wahine Pio told me of the bringing of the golden dollars for me, she said, "here are some golden dollars for you," to which I replied, ["]By whom are they?["] to which she answered, "by my woman, by Leoiki. The foreigner, Capt. Buckle, insisted on having her sail with him as his wife - I assented and by this obtained the money." I did not take it. Thus Wahine Pio said to me; afterward she said again, "go and get the money belonging to Rihoriho; it is with Kehekili, who is keeping this additional money." Then I clearly understood that the money had been received for the woman, and that the woman had gone for money. This is all I declare, By Harriet Nahienaena. ----------------------------This is my declaration respecting the sale of Leoiki. I was at Oahu when Wahine Pio arrived there. While at Oahu, Kalaimoku said, ["]You have sold Leoiki for gold dollars, have you? Wahine Pio replied. "It is indeed so." - I am wicked - the woman has gone to the foreigner - and the money has passed over to me." [Page 3 of 4] Then Kalaimoku said, "You are exceedingly wicked - I too perhaps shall be involved in the crime. Perhaps our souls will both die together on account of this your crime. This is what I heard respecting the sale of Leoiki for money. The woman did go for money. This is all I declare. By Michael Kekauonohi. [Page 4 of 4] Blank Notes: 1. Hoapili Wahine - Hoapiliwahine, also know as Kalākua Kaheiheimālie, was a Maui chiefess and wife of Hoapilikāne. �2. Wahine Pio - Kahakuhaʻakoi Wahinepio was the third wife of Kamehameha I and a sibling of Kālaimoku. She served as governor of Maui for a time. She was accused of selling a native woman, Leoiki, to Captain Buckle. 3. Leoiki - Leoiki was a female subject of Wahinepio who was sold to Captain Buckle. 4. Hoapilikāne - Hoapilikāne, also known as Ulumeheihei, was a chief in the royal court of Kamehameha I. Because of his close kinship with Kamehameha, Ulumeheihei was dubbed Hoapili, or close friend, as a title of endearment. 5. Harriet Nahienaena - Nāhiʻenaʻena, the daughter of Kamehameha I and his most sacred wife, Keōpūolani, was the younger sister of Liholiho and Kauikeaouli. 6. Michael Kekauonohi - Keahikuni Kekauʻōnohi, also known as Miriam was a grandaughter of Kamehameha I, and a wife of Kamehameha II, Liholiho, and later married Kealiʻiahonui. 7. Capt. Buckle - A British sea captain, William Buckle, caused an incident in 1827 when he purchased Leoiki, a Hawaiian girl, and held her captive on his ship for seven months. 8. Rihoriho - Liholiho, Kamehameha II, was the son of Kamehameha I. He inherited his father's rule and was the sovereign of Hawaiʻi at the time of this letter. 9. Kehekili - Kahekili Keʻeaumoku was also known as George Cox, was the brother of Kaʻahumanu and the Governor of Maui, Molokaʻi and Lānaʻi. 10. Kalaimoku - Kālaimoku, also known as Kalanimoku and William Pitt Kalanimoku, was a trusted advisor of Kamehameha I. During the travels of Liholiho and Kamāmalu to Great Britain, he co-ruled with Kaʻahumanu, maintaining a leadership role during the first reigning years of the new king, Liholiho's younger brother, Kauikeaouli. He was also the brother of Wahinepio. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hoapiliwahine - Ali`i Letters - 1827.11.09 - to Unknown Description An account of the resource Statements of Hoapili Wahine, Hoapilikāne, Harriet Nahiʻenaʻena and Michael Kekauonohi regarding the sale of Leoiki, a Hawaiian woman, to Captain Buckle. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hoapiliwahine Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1827-11-09 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/c1553a6f3fbb53cae093f15cf19c6dd3.pdf 7e8db45f1503e44628f53ba3bc00160b PDF Text Text ��Letter Reference: 1827_Jun03_Kaahumanu-Loomis Date of Letter: June 3, 1827 From: Ka‘ahumanu To: Mr. and Mrs. Loomis Content Summary: A letter from Ka‘ahumanu to Mr. and Mrs. Loomis requesting copies of the scriptures. Typescript: [Page 1 of 2] [Archival Note] No. 209. Honolulu, Jun. 3,1827 Sincere love to you two Mr. & Mrs. Loomis I have affection for you, my friends on account of your returning to America. Too see all your friends there. Herein is my affection towards you. When you arrive in America, think of my love. Do not forget in the least. This is what I desire, when you print; Do you print together ^the gospel of Matthew with John and Luke and Mark and Adam,* and the Acts of the apostles, and the Epistles, and indeed indeed the whole of the word of god. Let none be omitted. There (with the scriptures) are my affections forever. Our thoughts centre in the love of God. I say unto you, give my love to all the chiefs in America. Together with all friends there: for the refreshing breeze now blows here even from the presence of God. Here is my love to them wafted by the winds you ye will �obtain it there. Elizabeth Mr.& Mrs. Loomis [Page 2 of 2] [Letter Cover] Translation of Kaahumanu's letter. July 14, 1827. Kaahumanu Det. 3 Jun. 3, 1827 Translation Notes: 1. Elizabeth - The favorite wife of Kamehameha I, Elizabeth Kaʻahumanu was the first Kuhina Nui, or regent, of the Hawaiian kingdom, sharing the rule of the nation from 1819-1832. She was a convert and a strong advocate for the Protestant religion. 2. Mr. and Mrs. Loomis -Mr. Loomis - Elisha Loomis was in the first missionary company in 1820 and became the first printer in Hawai‘i. He arrived in Hawaiʻi with his wife, Maria. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kaahumanu, Elizabeth - Ali`i Letters - 1827.06.03 - to Loomis, Elisha Description An account of the resource A letter from Ka‘ahumanu to Mr. and Mrs. Loomis requesting copies of the scriptures. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kaahumanu, Elizabeth Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1827-06-03 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/95c6d902dd3bd17dc27469d463459ee5.pdf 222baf01239bd758df2d3c6a68da07e8 PDF Text Text ��Letter Reference: 1825_Jul20_Kauikeaouli-Unknown Date of Letter: July 20, 1825 From: Kauikeaouli and Haleki‘i To: Unknown Content Summary: Kauikeaouli expresses his devotion to the word of God. Haleki‘i also expresses his appreciation and devotion to the word of God. Typescript: [Page 1 of 2] Translation of an article written by Kaui-ke-a-o-u-li, king of the S.I. and presented at an examination of the schools July 20, 1825 *The examination was held in the mea house of public worship. Love to you all the company of missionaries. This is communication to you. I encourage myself by the word of God I strengthen my kingdom, by the word of God. My mind is wholly devoted to the Son of God. I grasp catch the voice of the Son of God, and I humble my body. My communication is ended. Kauikeaouli Oahu July 20, 1825 Ha-la-kii’s composition, presented at the same time Love to you all who are now in the house of God.* On account of the goodness of God, is my love very great. Love without allay to you �missionaries from Hawaii to Tauwai. My heart loves Jesus Christ on account of his charge to you. He said to you, go ye to all the world around and preach the gospel to every creature; that it may be a lamp to enlighten all the lands that are enveloped in thick darkness. This is the communication which I have to make to you. I was a prisoner of the devil [Page 2 of 2] I am from within his kingdom of death. I have just escaped from the arm of the devil The ^right hand & Jesus Christ has secured me. He has snatched me away those that are his. My heart is devoted to Jesus on account of obtaining salvation, and an enlightened mind. I give my body, and my heart, and my soul to Jesus. May the power of his Spirit wash me that I may live. Halekii Halekii’s Composition July 20 1825 Notes 1. Kauikeaouli - This younger brother of Liholiho who became Kamehameha III after the death of Kamehameha II and his queen, Kamāmalu, in London. 2. Haleki‘i - This person is unidentified, but was apparently being educated with Kauikeaouli. 3. Tauwai - One of the many early variant spellings of the name the island, spelled Kauaʻi today. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kauikeaouli - Ali`i Letters - 1825.07.20 - to Unknown Description An account of the resource Kauikeaouli expresses his devotion to the word of God. Haleki‘i also expresses his appreciation and devotion to the word of God. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kauikeaouli Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1825-07-20 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/860e203032f3017460561a5b6993674b.pdf 7a216c9466759f533e30bd35f02b96f1 PDF Text Text ������Part of Letter Reference: 1837_various-various Letter Reference: 1837_May23_Jones-Kauikeaouli Date of Letter: May 23, 1837 From: John Jones To: Kauikeaouli Content Summary: A letter from United States consul John Jones to Kauikeaouli concerning the complaint of an American citizen (Mr. William French) with regards to the seizure of the Brig Clementine. This file includes responses from Kauikeaouli, and letters between Kinaʻu and Jules Dudoit regarding the Hawaiian governments expulsion of two Catholic priests onboard the ship Clementine. Typescript: [Page 1 of 34] 44 No. 1 Official United States Consulate Sandwich Islands The undersigned, consul of the United States at the Sandwich Islands, feels it an imperative duty to represent to your Majesty that on or about the 10th day of the present month, Mr. William French, a citizen of the United States, residing & doing business upon the Island of Oahu, chartered of Mr. Jules Dudoit, the English Registered Brig Clementine to perform a voyage to the coast of California that in consequence he purchased a large amount of goods suitable for �that market & commenced loading the brig that on the twentieth day of the same month, he had embarked a proportion of said cargo & was proceeding to complete the lading of said vessel when he was apprised by Mr. Dudoit that the Clementine had been seized by the officers of government under your direction, & that himself & crew had abandoned the brig. Whether this illegal & unjustifiable proceeding has been sanctioned by your Majesty is not for the undersigned to say. It devolves upon him, however, officially to represent to your Majesty the facts of the case, & solemly to protest against an act so invasive of the right of an Amer[Page 2 of 34] ican citizen, so adverse to the spirit of the treaty now existing between your Majesty & the Republic of the United States, & so at variance with every principle of equity & justice. For the insult that have been offered to the Brisish Flag & the total violation of the treaty concluded between yourself & Lord Edward Russel on the part of the English government, you will no doubt be called on for redress by the Representative of that Nation. Any remark on that outrage would be improper & indelicate for the undersigned to make. He feels it incumbent on him only to state to you Majesty, that a large amount of property belonging to a citizen of the United States is now on board the Clementine, exposed to every risk, & that the said citizen has been presented by an unwarrantable act on the part of your Majesty’s government, from protecting his intended voyage, thereby sustaining a heavy & oppressive loss. In consequence therefore, it has become the solemn & imperious duty of the undersigned as the Representative of the United States of America to demand of your Majesty a full & ample reparation for all the losses & injuries which may or have resulted to the citizen of the United States which the undersigned has referred to & �[Page 3 of 34] also that such means immediately be adopted, as will enable him to proceed with the voyage he had designed, without further molestation or hindrances. The undersigned avails himself of this opportunity to offer to his Majesty the assurance of his respect & consideration. (Signed) John C. Jones Honolulu, Oahu, May 23 1837. To His Majesty King of the Sandwich Islands P.S. Enclosed is a copy of the protest made by Mr. French, which will be forwarded immediately to the government of the United Sates & to the comman der of the American Naval forces in the Pacific. (Signed): J.C.Jones By this public instrument of declaration & Protest, be it known unto all whom it may concern, that on the twenty second day of May in the year of our Lord, One Thousand Eight Hundred & thirty-seven before the undersigned consul of the United States at the Sandwich Islands, personally came & appeared William French, a citizen of the United States; at [Page 4 of 34] present residing & doing business at Oahu, one of the Sandwich Islands, who declared for himself & all other interested with him, that whereas Jules Dudoit, master & owner of the English registered Brigantine called the Clementine, had by charter party let the said Brigantine unto the said appearer & those interested with him for a voyage with her, to be made from this port of Honolulu, Island of Oahu, to the coast of California, & back again to the said port of discharge. And whereas the said appearer having partly loaded the said Brigantine & was proceeding with all despatch to complete her �lading, & have her readiness to proceed to sea, he was on the twentieth day of aforesaid month notified & informed by Jules Dudoit that the aforesaid Brigantine had been seized by the authorities of the Sandwich Islands & abandoned by himself, officers & crew, & that consequently no more goods could be received on board, & himself was unable to comply with the terms of the charter party. Therefore the said appearer did allow declare to protest for himself & those interested with him, as he doth by these presents most solemnly protest [Page 5 of 34] as well against the said Jules Dudoit as all others whom it may or doth concern, for breach of the said charter party, for not receiving on board the goods of her lading & proceeding on the stipulated voyage, & for all costs, loss, damage, & detriment, which he or those interested wit him have already suffered or sustained, or shall or may hereafter suffer or sustain, by reason of the said Brigantine not receiving on board the goods of her cargo, & not departing & proceeding on her voyage as aforesaid, & for otherwise howsoever & for what else the said appearer or those interested, can, may or ought to protest, to recover all the same in time & place convenient. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand & affixed the seal of this consuL.S. late at Oahu this twenty second day of May (1837) in the year of our Lord one thousand Eight hundred & thirty seven. John C. Jones I the undersigned do declare that the facts stated in the foregoing certificate of protest have been clearly & distinctly read over to me the deponent, & that the same are right & true as the same [Page 6 of 34] are therein particularly alleged, declared, & set �forth. William French. United States Consulate, Sandwich Islands. The above sworn to before me by the appearer William French this twenty second day of May in the year of our Lord one Thousand Eight hundred & thirty seven. John C. Jones Notes: 1. your Majesty - Kauikeaouli, also known as Kamehameha III, was the second royal son of Kamehameha Paiʻea. Kauikeaouli ruled the Hawaiian Kingdom from 1825 to 1854. Signing the letter as "King Kauikeaouli" may have intended to impress upon Kīnaʻu his authority to make his own decisions in the matter. 2. Mr. William French - Mr. William French was an American citizen who chartered the brig Clementine from Jules Dudoit to transport goods to the coast of California. 3. Mr. Jules Dudoit - Captain Jules Dudoit arrived in Hawaiʻi in 1837 and was appointed the Consular agent for France. 4. English Registered Brig Clementine - The Clementine was owned by Captain Jules Dudoit, it was the vessel that returned the banished papal missionaries to Hawaiʻi in 1837 after their banishment in 1831. 5. Treaty between your majesty & the Republic of the United States - This is a reference to a treaty signed between Captain Thomas Catesby Jones and Kaʻahumanu, Kālaimoku, Boki, Hoapili and Lidia Namahana on behalf of the Hawaiian Kingdom on December 23, 1826. 6. Lord Edward Russel - Lord Edward Russell was the captain of HMS Actaeon, who signed a treaty with Kamehameha III, Kauikeaouli, on November 16, 1836 regarding the rights of British subjects in Hawaiʻi. 7. Treaty with the English Government - This is a reference to a treaty signed between Great Britain and the Sandwich Islands on November 16, 1836. 8. John C. Jones - U.S. Captain John Coffin Jones was appointed U.S. consular agent to Hawaiʻi in 1820. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kauikeaouli - Ali`i Letters - 1837.05.23 - from Jones, John Coffin Description An account of the resource A letter from United States consul John Jones to Kauikeaouli concerning the complaint of an American citizen (Mr. William French) with regards to the seizure of the Brig Clementine. This file includes responses from Kauikeaouli, and letters between Kinau and Jules Dudoit regarding the Hawaiian governments expulsion of two Catholic priests onboard the ship Clementine. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kauikeaouli Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1837-05-23 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/ce15a98729d173e7aa452ee8e3e68512.pdf 48b9980cfecc6a128776a2c812e2273c PDF Text Text ����Part of Letter Reference: 1837_various-various Individual Letter Reference: 1837_May24_Jones-Kauikeaouli Date of Letter: May 24, 1837 From: John Jones To: Kauikeaouli Content Summary: Jones writes Kauikeaouli with regards to his protest of forcing two Roman Catholic priests aboard the Clementine. [Page 6 of 34] Honolulu Oahu, May 24 1837. (3) Sir, I have written you an official communication by this conveyance respecting the unwarranted seizure of the English Brig Clementine in this harbor. And you will allow me the liberty of saying to you at this time a few words in the way of friendship with the best intentions & the greatest desire of the prosperity of your reign. The act which has been committed by the officers of your government at his Island by the seizure of the Brig Clementine, & the forcibly putting on board that vessel two innocent unoffending men (which I hope has not been sanctioned by yourself) is an act of the [Page 7 of 34] most unjustifiable character & the most piratical nature: it is an act which is contrary to the laws of every �nation & one which will never be submitted to by any civilized power on the globe. You no doubt, sir, are but little aware of the consequences of such violent & outrageous proceedings. You must be entirely ignorant of the nature of such an offence, as unjustifiable as it is impolitic, or you never would have ventured such an unwarrantable usurpation of power. It has been officially reported here that the order to force the French missionaries on board of the Clementine emanated from yourself. I trust, however, that your Majesty has given no such mandate, but that those who have acted have overstepped the limits of their power. Be it however as it may, the act has been perpetrated, & your Majesty will be accountable. Yes, accountable to that nation whose flag has been insulted, to that nation whose subject has been persecuted, wronged, & oppressed, & to that nation government too, the property of whose citizen has been jeopardized, & his lawful occupation interrupted. Do not flatter yourself that this outrage will be quietly passed over, that it will cease to be remem[Page 8 of 34] bered. No, never. Believe me when I tell you as a friend that reparation will be exacted of you; justice may indeed be slow in her movements, but the day will come when the most ample satisfaction will be required of you, & it will be demanded by a power which will not be refused. If there be any in the community of foreigners residing on your shores who have been your advisers in the nefarious transaction or would persuade you to disbelieve what I have here stated to you, believe me they are our enemies & would lead you into difficulty & trouble. When the hour of retribution shall come, you will not find them near to lend you a saving hand, or to assist you in the moment of difficulty. If you will receive my advice (& I assure you it is most disinterested) you will immediately take such steps as will ameliorate the aggravations of the act which �has been committed, that you will offer the most ample compensation to the parties which have been aggrieved & as an act of humanity permit the two gentlemen of the Catholic religion to reside on your land till they can obtain an opportunity (which is all they have ever asked) to proceed to the island of Gambier or the Port of Valparaiso. With best wishes for your welfare & pros[Page 9 of 34] perity, I am, Sir Your obedient servant John C. Jones To his Majesty Kauikeaouli King of the Sandwich Islands. Notes: 1. French Missionaries - This is a reference to Father Patrick Short and Father Alexis Bachelot who arrived in Hawaiʻi in 1827 to establish the Catholic religion and were banished by Kaʻahumanu in 1831. 2. Gambier - Is an island located in Howe Sound near Vancouver, British Columbia. 3. Port of Valparaiso - An important geopolitical port in the 19th century. 4. John C. Jones - Captain John Coffin Jones was the first U.S. Consul appointed to Hawaiʻi in 1820. 5. his Majesty Kauikeaouli - Kauikeaouli, also known as Kamehameha III, was the second royal son of Kamehameha Paiʻea. Kauikeaouli ruled the Hawaiian Kingdom from 1825 to 1854. Signing the letter as "King Kauikeaouli" may have intended to impress upon Kīnaʻu his authority to make his own decisions in the matter. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kauikeaouli - Ali`i Letters - 1837.05.24 - from Jones, John Coffin Description An account of the resource Jones writes Kauikeaouli with regards to his protest of forcing two Roman Catholic priests aboard the Clementine. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kauikeaouli Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1837.05.24 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/f82f913185cce2d6baced98e61736b07.pdf 7efc9ff5b6102d74d0eec98f2ffff9cb PDF Text Text ����Part of Letter Reference: 1837_various-various Letter Reference: 1837_Jun14_Kauikeaouli-Jones Date of Letter: June 14, 1837 From: Kauikeaouli To: John Jones Content Summary: Kauikeaouli's response to John Jones with regards to the Roman Catholic priests being forced upon the Clementine. Kauikeaouli explains events that led up to the present issue, and expresses his disapproval of the Roman Catholic religion in the Sandwich Islands. [Page 9 of 34] (4) To John C. Jones the American Consul, Sir, I make my declaration to you according to fact & truth, for you are acquainted with the rejection of these men, Messrs “Bachelot & Short,["] by Kaahumanu who were sent away on board the Brig Waverley & were left on the coast of California where the religion of the Pope is like their own. From that time to this rejection has been perpetual. You have also seen my orders which have been handed you, concerning my disapproval of them & their popish religion, the services of which are not allowed in my kingdom. According to that order has Kinau done & that justly, & has returned the said two men to the vessel on board which they came according to the document which has been given you by Kinau, & in �[Page 10 of 34] her returning those two men to the vessel of Mr. Jules Dudoit, the Clementine. She made no seizure of the vessel of Mr. Jules Dudoit. You have known no previous order of mine that the Clementine was to become mine. There is nothing like that in my order which you have seen. There stands the vessel at anchor at the disposal of those of you to whom it belongs. I have nothing on board that vessel. The men only which the said vessel brought, but my people are here on my own ground for the protection of the country. If you wish damages to be paid for the want of protection to the property of an American citizen on board that vessel that has been improperly deserted, it is proper for you to demand of Dudoit such damages as you please, or if not, then let Charlton be answerable, for those two have detained that vessel, & not us; for be it known to you that Mr. Jules Dudoit has broken the contract which he & the man who chartered the vessel made between them. But I moreover consider that your hasty condemnation of me, you have duly considered, & your supporting those men of the Pope’s religion. Is not this your opposition to me? It is opposition, for what we have done, we have done understandingly & what you have done, you have [Page 11 of 34] done ignorantly for it is with me to welcome strangers, & it is with me to reject them; but ye have usurped this prerogative of mine. Still I think you know the laws of enlightened countries, & your intention which I know is to complain of us to the men of war of your countries that they may come & condemn us, according to your great desire. Should that prove the fault to be on your side, what then will you do? for we know that the statements of some of you on oath, are utterly false, in saying “that we have seized the vessel”. Kekuanaoa early gave orders to Capt. Handly to take back those men to the vessel be- �fore her cargo was discharged. In the same manner did he give orders to Dudoit. And the American citizen understood that Kinau had often said, those rejected men were to return on board the Clementine & that Mr. Dudoit was to take them on board the vessel that brought them. Wherefore then did this man hire a vessel that was a transgression & load her with the goods, for the banished men were brought here by that vessel, & if on that account the American citizen sinks his property, the responsibility is his own, not ours. Long ago, Kinau, that those men of France, Bachelot & Short, who had been banished, might not be brought back here, gave official warning to you as American Consul. [Page 12 of 34] Very kind regards to you with pleasure. (Signed) Kamehameha III Honolulu June 14, 1837 Notes: 1. John C. Jones - Captain John Coffin Jones was the first U.S. Consul appointed to Hawaiʻi in 1820. 2. Messrs Bachelot & Short - This is a reference to Father Patrick Short and Father Alexis Bachelot who arrived in Hawaiʻi in 1827 to establish the Catholic religion and were banished by Kaʻahumanu in 1831. 3. Ka‘ahumanu - The favorite wife of Kamehameha I, Kaʻahumanu was the first Kuhina Nui, or co-regent, from 1819-1832. She was a convert and a strong advocate for the Protestant religion. 4. Brig Waverly - The ship Waverly, captained by William Sumner, was commissioned by Kaʻahumanu to take the French priests to California. 5. Kina‘u - Elizabeth Kīna‘u was a high-ranking daughter of Kamehameha and an early convert to Christianity. Two years after this letter, she became known as Kaʻahumanu II when she assumed the role of Kuhina Nui of the Hawaiian Islands from 1832-1839. 6. Charlton - This man was a businessman and the English Consul in Hawaiʻi who was a good friend of Liliha. 7. Kekuanaoa - Mataio Kekūanāoʻa, of chiefly descent, was first married to Kalani Pauahi and then to Elizabeth Kīnaʻu. He was the Royal Governor of the island of Oʻahu from 1834-1868. He served as a member of the House of Nobles and Privy Council, and went on to become the 6th Kuhina Nui of the Hawaiian Islands. �8. Capt. Handly - An American who commissioned the use of the ship Clementine that brought the banished papal missionaries back to Hawaiʻi. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kauikeaouli - Ali`i Letters - 1837.06.14 - to Jones, John Coffin Description An account of the resource Kauikeaouli's response to John Jones with regards to the Roman Catholic priests being forced upon the Clementine. Kauikeaouli explains events that led up to the present issue, and expresses his disapproval of the Roman Catholic religion in the Sandwich Islands. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kauikeaouli Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1837-06-14