546 10 11779 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/d4772af643d98d97b6d423fcf8d457b1.pdf 617c0abf011af701d20d26a7ae023f13 PDF Text Text �Part of Letter Reference: 1837_various-various Letter Reference: 1837_Nov02_Maiget&Murphy-Kinau Date of Letter: November 2, 1837 From: L. Maiget and J.C. Murphy To: Kīna‘u Content Summary: Murphy and Maigret sign a letter saying they will abide by the laws of the land. [Page 27 of 34] (Copy) The undersigned, passenger on board the Europa promise not to interfere with the laws & regulations of the Sandwich Islands desiring their sojourn, & to leave the islands the first favorable opportunity Signed L. Maigret (No date) J.C. Murphy Notes: 1. L. Maigret - Father Louis Desire Maigret was a French Catholic priest who arrived in Hawaiʻi with J.C. Murphy aboard the ship Europa in 1837 to establish the Catholic religion. 2. J.C. Murphy - Father Columba Murphy, born James Columba Murphy, was an Irish Catholic priest who arrived in Hawaiʻi with Father Maigret aboard the ship Europa in 1837 to establish the Catholic religion. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kinau - Ali`i Letters - 1837.11.02 - from Father Maiget and Father Murphy Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Description An account of the resource Murphy and Maigret sign a letter saying they will abide by the laws of the land. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kinau Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1837-11-02 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/2826bb62c981f530fac949368cfb0948.pdf f163e99cf9bca1dbb1745f7037fda8c5 PDF Text Text ��Part of Letter Reference: 1837_various-various Letter Reference: 1837_Nov2_Kinau-Capt of Europa Date of Letter: November 2, 1837 From: Kīna‘u To: Captain of the Europa Content Summary: Kīna‘u inquires of the Captain to make known the passengers on his ship, for French subjects are not allowed in Hawai‘i if they are connected with the Roman Catholic religion. (Copy) 1 Kauwila House, Honolulu Nov 2, 1837 This is my order to the captain of the ship called the Europa. I have heard by Capt Bruce of the British ship Imogene that you are expected to bring teachers of the religion of the Pope. If this is true & they have really come, I say to you by no means allow any of them to land till I give you permission in writingthen you may do so. & if you act contrary to this order, this is the forfeiture, ten thousand dollars to ^be paid by you & by the ship Europa This is what I make known to you, for their practices are taboo (forbidden) within the dominions of my king; but if you have not brought the said persons, you are at liberty to enter the harbor without any obstruction. By me, (Signed) Kaahumanu II. (Copy) 2. I, Kaahumanu II make known the determination of my king & also my own determination respecting you, the company of propagators of the reli- �[Page 26 of 34] gion of the Pope, who have arrived on board the Ship Europa. You must not land in the country until I have received written bonds for the protection of the kingdom of my king from you & for our satisfaction that you will speedily go away out of the kingdom, for your ceremonies are forbidden in this kingdom. Therefore you must remain on board the vessel, & unless you receive a written permission from me to be entertained here, you must not land, but go away to other countries, & if one of you lands contrary to this order, he will be subject to a fine of two thousand Dollars, & he will be imprisoned until he shall go away to other countries. By me, Kaahumanu II The above sent off by the pilot the following answers were received. Notes: 1. Kaahumanu II - Elizabeth Kīna‘u was a high-ranking daughter of Kamehameha and an early convert to Christianity. Five years prior to this letter, she became known as Kaʻahumanu II when she assumed the role of Kuhina Nui of the Hawaiian Islands from 1832-1839. 2. Captain of the ship Europa - Captain Shaw arrived on November 2, 1837 from Valparaiso, bringing as passengers the Rev. L.D. Maigret, pro-vicar, and Brother Colomban. 3. Captain Bruce - Captain Bruce of the British frigate Imogene arrived in Hawaiʻi on September 24, 1837 from Valparaiso, and remained until October 12, 1837. 4. Britannic ship Imogene - The Imogene was a British frigate ship. 5. the ship Europa - The ship Europa arrived in Hawaiʻi on November 2, 1837. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kinau - Ali`i Letters - 1837.11.02 - to Captain Shaw of the Europa Description An account of the resource Kīna‘u inquires of the Captain to make known the passengers on his ship, for French subjects are not allowed in Hawai‘i if they are connected with the Roman Catholic religion. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kinau Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1837-11-02 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/958fbc7e3931d2b8ac4b0918e47e190a.pdf dc028c081365419b287fb8d9179aef5c PDF Text Text ���Part of Letter Reference: 1837_various-various Letter Reference: 1837_Nov02_Kinau-PassengersOfEuropa Date of Letter: November 2, 1837 From: Kinau To: Spanish Subjects Content Summary: Kīna‘u replies to the passengers of the Europa. She allows the Spanish subjects to come ashore, but she further investigates the English and French subjects. Through various correspondence, she discovers that the French subject is indeed a Roman Catholic, and does not permit him to land even though he reassures her that he is to abide by the laws. The end of this document shows a dialogue between Kīna‘u and Jules Dudoit regarding this incident. (No date) [Page 27 of 34] Answers (copies) Salutations to you Chilian passengers on board the Europa. I have seen your writing of the 2 November 1837, & it is evident from your writing that it is proper for me to give my consent to you in writing in friendship to dwell a while at this place & then leave [Page 28 of 34] when you obtain a vessel. As you have testified in the said writing so will I bear in mind which you sojourn here, & no one shall molest you if you observe the laws & regulations while you dwell as strangers in the Kingdom. (Signed) Kaahumanu II To S. Purgor V. Obistondo �P. Fuerto Salutations to you L. Maigret & J.C. Murphy on board the Ship Europa. I received your writing to day & have seen what you have made known, but you have not stated definitely to me in the writing what countrymen you are, & what ^your employments & how long you wish to stay. You have not informed me in your writing to what country you wish to go by the first favorable opportunity. On this account I request you to make a clear statement of these points in writing. & if you or either of you are priests of the religion of the Pope, (Roman Catholics) or of any other office, make it known to me; do not hide it from me for this only is the reason why I hesitate to allow you to land. I do not desire propa[Page 29 of 34] gators of that religion to dwell here. That is taboo(forbidden) By me (signed) Kaahumanu II Honolulu Nov 2, 1837 Notes: 1. Purgor, Obistondo & Fuerto - These three men were passengers aboard the ship Europa who wrote to Kīnaʻu declaring their intention and duration in Hawaiʻi. 2. L. Maigret - Father Louis Desire Maigret was a French Catholic priest who arrived in Hawaiʻi with J.C. Murphy aboard the ship Europa in 1837 to establish the Catholic relig 3. ion. 4. J.C. Murphy - Father Columba Murphy, born James Columba Murphy, was an Irish Catholic priest who arrived in Hawaiʻi with Father Maigret aboard the ship Europa in 1837 to establish the Catholic religion. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kinau - Ali`i Letters - 1837.11.02 - to Spanish Subjects Description An account of the resource Kīna‘u replies to the passengers of the Europa. She allows the Spanish subjects to come ashore, but she further investigates the English and French subjects. Through various correspondence, she discovers that the French subject is indeed a Roman Catholic, and does not permit him to land even though he reassures her that he is to abide by the laws. The end of this document shows a dialogue between Kīna‘u and Jules Dudoit regarding this incident. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kinau Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1837-11-02 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/94af6ea497525085ba1c83d93c112f2e.pdf 360b7167f6c6f6c6624302e6b0e50127 PDF Text Text ������Part of Letter Reference: 1837_various-various Letter Reference: 1837_various-various Individual Letter Reference: 1837_Nov03_Maigret-KaahumanuII Date of Letter: November 3, 1837 From: L. Maigret To: Kaahumanu II Content Summary: In response to Kīnaʻu's letter to Maigret and Murphy, Jules Dudoit brought a letter from L. Maigret and then proceeds to have a long discussion with Kīnaʻu regarding Dudoit's willingness to put up a bond to ensure that L. Maigret will leave Hawaiʻi in the designated time. The last part of this file is Dudoit's promise that he will pay the fine should Maigret land without permission. [Page 29 of 34] The next morning Mr. Dudoit brought the following from Mr. Maigret to Kaahumahu II. Oahu, Nov 3 1837 This certifies that I, Louis Maigret, a Frenchman, came on board the ship Europa as passenger at Valparaiso. & my object was to remain here until I could get a passage to the Marquesas on the dangerous Archipelago islands, & that I will conform to the laws & regulations of government at all times. (Signed) L. Maigret. Kaahumanu ^earnestly inquired of Mr. Dudoit if Maigret was a priest & he frankly declared that he was. She said he had concealed that fact. Mr. Dudoit said “Mr. Mai- �gret told him he was afraid he should not be permitted to land if it was known that he was a priest. I said that was wrong, & told Mr. Maigret he ought not to have done so. A long conversation ended as follows, Mr. Dudoit said that the refusal on the part of [Page 30 of 34] the government to allow a French subject to land was an infraction of the treaty, inasmuch as citizens of other countries were allowed to come & go freely, Kaahumanu said she did not consider it so. The laws forbid the landing of Roman Catholic priests, but does not forbid the landing of Frenchmen. She did not consider the clause in the treaty to mean that the government have no power to prevent for any cause a subject of France from coming to these shores. It was ^not so understood when signed. Mr. Dudoit said that question he could not settle. K- said she would allow Mr. Maigret to land & stay any reasonable time, provided he gave bonds to go away within the time specified & not to teach his religion while here. Mr. Dudoit presumed no such terms would be complied with. It was never expected a man should give bonds in such a case. Mr. M only wished to stay a short time until he found an opportunity to go to the Marquesas. K. Why then did he not stay at the Society Islands? That was on his way. D. He heard that Bachelot & Short were imprisoned here & came to see if he could not aid them. K. Then let them procure a small vessel & go away together. D. They have no means, they cannot do that. K. I think he [Page 31 of 34] has no intention of leaving the islands. Mr. Walsh a British subject, landed under the same pretext, & has resided here a long time & we cannot get rid of him. D. I give you my word he will leave as soon as he finds an opportunity. K. Vessels never go from here �to the Marquesas: will you give a bond? D. No, Madam, I could not do that: I could not agree to pay my money. I give you my word that he will go away. K. Within how long a time? D. I can’t say - just as soon as he can get an opportunity. K. Cannot he get bonds in the village? D. I think not - nobody will expose themselves in this way. K. Will you give your word in writing officially as Capt Petit Thouars did in the case of Mr. Bachelot that he will go away in any definite period, or in case no other opportunity occurs that he shall be received on board a French ship of war. D. I will guarantee that he will go by the first opportunity, but no ship of war would take him unless he is willing to go. K. Are you a French consul? D. I have been nominated to that office, & Capt Petit Thouars said I should have it. K. Was he authorized to appoint consuls? Did he appoint you? D. He authorized me to act as consul until papers arrive from France K. Did he give you the appointment in writing? D. No. [Page 32 of 34] K: It seems then you can only give your word in the case as a private citizen, & are unwilling to give any of other bonds. D. Yes. K. That would not be according to this terms laid down by this government. D. It seems then Mr. M will not be allowed to land. K. Not unless he complies with the conditions. D. I consider it an infringement of the treaty. K. We do not. D. We shall see. It is then of no use to talk any longer. I will write you a letter & you can answer it & then the matters will rest for the present. I shall send both to the King of France. K. Very well. D. Be so good as to give the terms in writing. Mr Dudoit then requested the interpreter to write down the terms for him. The interpreter declined, but on the urgent solicitation of Mr. D. & the statements that he could not write English, the interpreter did it, read them to Mr. Dudoit, & interpreted to Kaahumanu, both of whom declared the mem- �orandum correct, & Mr. D. took it to carry to Mr. Maigret, saying, perhaps he would assent to them. The memorandum is as follows-may land on the following conditions1st Obseve the laws & regulations of the country & not teach his religion while here. [Page 33 of 34] 2d. Leave the islands within a definite period. 3d. give bonds for the fulfilment of these terms The correspondence already quoted from the supplement here ensued: After this Mr. Dudoit finding that Mr. Maigret would be obliged to go away in the Europa, made application for permission to remove him to a small schooner which he purchased for their use. This was aceeded to on the part of Kaahumanu & Mr. D gave the following bondMadam Kaahumanu II Madam, I bind myself to fulfil the same obligations as the captain of the Europa, that is, should Mr. Maigret land after his embarkation on board the schooner Honolulu without the permission, as your letter expressed, I will pay the fine. I have the honor to be &c (singed) Jules Dudoit Honolulu, November 13 1837 Mr. Murphy being declared by the British consul not a priest, was allowed to land. [Page 34 of 34] 1. Copy of a letter for the Sandwich Islands port to the President of the U.S.A. respecting the Capt J.C. Jones (translation) 2. Official correspondence �relative to the Roman Catholic missionaries, who was smuggled into the Sandwich Islands N.B. This copy was made in October 1842 by Mr Henry M. Hill from a US in the behavior of M. Samuel N. Castle of the Sandwich Islands Mission - author of the pamphlet on Capt Laplace's outrage. R.A. Notes: 1. L. Maigret - Father Louis Desire Maigret was a French Catholic priest who arrived in Hawaiʻi with J.C. Murphy aboard the ship Europa in 1837 to establish the Catholic religion. 2. Kaahumanu II - Elizabeth Kīna‘u was a high-ranking daughter of Kamehameha and an early convert to Christianity. Two years after this letter, she became known as Kaʻahumanu II when she assumed the role of Kuhina Nui of the Hawaiian Islands from 1832-1839. 3. Mr. Dudoit - Captain Jules Dudoit arrived in Hawaiʻi in 1837 and was appointed the Consular agent for France. 4. Bachelot & Short - Alexis Bachelot & Patrick Short were Catholic missionaries who arrived in Hawaiʻi in 1827 to practice their religion. Shortly thereafter tensions arose between the chiefs and the Catholics which led to their banishment by Kaʻahumanu in 1831. 5. Capt Petit Thouars - Captain Abel Aubert Dupetit Thouars, a French naval captain, signed an agreement with Kamehameha III that allowed French citizens to live in the islands and also verbally appointed Jules Dudoit as French consul in Hawaiʻi. 6. Brig Clementine - The Clementine was owned by Captain Jules Dudoit and it was the vessel that retruned the banished papal missionaries to Hawaiʻi in 1837 after theri banishment in 1831. 7. Lord Edward Russel - Captain of HMS Actaeon, who signed a treaty with Kamehameha III, Kauikeaouli, on November 16, 1836 regarding the rights of British subjects in Hawaiʻi. 8. John C. Jones - U.S. Captain John Coffin Jones was appointed U.S. consular agent to Hawaiʻi in 1820. �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kinau - Ali`i Letters - 1837.11.03 - from Father Maigret Description An account of the resource In response to Kīnaʻu's letter to Maigret and Murphy, Jules Dudoit brought a letter from L. Maigret and then proceeds to have a long discussion with Kīnaʻu regarding Dudoit's willingness to put up a bond to ensure that L. Maigret will leave Hawaiʻi in the designated time. The last part of this file is Dudoit's promise that he will pay the fine should Maigret land without permission. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kinau Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1837-11-03 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/8d1912b010b44a80d156c8079247471f.pdf 889289166b96ef69c6c7478118e8088f PDF Text Text ������Letter Reference: 1838_Jan27_Kinau-NaKanaka Date of Letter: January 27, 1838 To: na kanaka o ka aina [The people of the land] From: Kaahumanu II [Elizabeth Kīnaʻu] Content Summary: Kaʻahumanu II writes to her people regarding upcoming road improvements. Typescript: [Page 1 of 6] Oahu, Honolulu, Ianuari 27. M. 1838. O wau o Kaahumanu II. Ke hoakaka aku nei au ia oukou e na kanaka o ka aina e, a me ko keia pae aina no^#hoi i ka hana o keia makahiki o kakou, eia ka hana e hoakea ae ana au i na alanui o loko o ke kulana kauhale o kakou, a e wawahi ia no ke kauwahi, e 5 ^lima alanui ma ka loa o ka aina, e 6 ono alanui ma ka laula o ka aina, o ke alanui mawaena konu o ka loa o ke kulanakauhale, he 10 anana ka laula, oia ke alanui e hoopololei mai Kikihale, a hiki i ka Luakini i Waiahao, O na pili hoi ^e ono anana ka lau la a o na kihi aono ka laula Aka o na alanui ma ka laula o ka aina elua alanui eono anana ka laula, a o ko ka papu, a me ko Hotele ona pili elima anana ka laula a o na kihi eha anana ka laula. Pela e hanaia ai na alanui o kakou. [Page 2 of 6] No ka pilikia o ke alanui i pakele ai kekahi ^mau kanaka mai make loa i ka poe holo lio, a pakele wale iho no ke lii nona ke aupuni i ka makahiki 1834. No ka pilikia o ke No alanui no ka hihia kahi o ka poe nana e malama mai ke kulanakauhale o kakou, a me ke �aupuni o ke Lii, no ka pilikia o kae alanui i na pahale no laila paha ka pelapela a me ka pilau, a me ka haiki pono ole, i mai ai na kanaka; o ke kulanakauhale, no ka pilikia o ke alanui i nui ai na mea inoino a ka ihu e honi ai, nolaila paha ka na lulu, a nui loa ka poe i make, Nolaila mai keakea mai me ka [Page 3 of 6] loko ino e na mea pahale o ke kulanakauhale i na mea nana e hana aku na alanui o kakou. Kaahumanu 2. O Eia ka poe i ae i keia olelo a ke pau i ka i ko lakou inoa nana e hana mamuli o keia olelo Mataio Kekuanaoa Paki Kaniua J. Ii. Iiwahine Kanaholo Kaeo Nahinu Kaluna^aina Kuapanio Isaia Kanohohema [Page 4 of 6] Elia Kuhia, Kahikili, Kalauwalu, Naholowaa, Unauna, Kuluwailehua, Kaapuiki, Haalilio, Keaniani, Kaio, Palu, Nohomihi, Kaaiawaawa. �[Pages 5 and 6 are an English translation that was part of the original file. Notes and translation from original file not included here as part of the Awaiaulu MHM Project 2016] Translation: [Page 1 of 6] Oahu Honolulu, January 27, 1838 I am Kaahumanu II, I hereby clarify to you all, those from foreign lands and those of this island chain, about our tasks this year. Here is the work: I will be widening the roads in our city and demolishing some sections. Five streets along the length of the land, six streets across the breadth of the land; the road in the center of the city shall be 10 fathoms wide, it being the road that runs directly from Kikihale to the church at Waiahao. The adjacent roads are to be six fathoms wide and the intersections six wide. As for the roads along the breadth of the land, two will be six fathoms wide, namely, Fort and Hotel Streets. Adjacent streets will be five fathoms wide with intersections four fathoms wide. That is how our roads will be made. [Page 2 of 6] Trouble with the roads have led some to nearly be killed by horse riders, and the king of the country barely escaped [that fate] in 1834. Trouble with the roads has caused entanglements for those who maintain our city and for the king's government; the conflict between roads and house lots is likely the cause of the filth, stink and crowding that sickens people of the city. Trouble with the roads increases the foul things that the nose smells. Those are likely the causes of dull headaches and many have died. Therefore, obstruct, [Page 3 of 6] lot holders of the city, do not begrudgingly obstruct those who must work on our roads. Kaahumanu 2. Here are the people who are to act in accordance with this order: Mataio Kekuanaoa Paki Kaniua J. Ii. Iiwahine Kanaholo Kaeo Nahinu Kalunaaina Kuapanio Isaia Kanohohema [Page 4 of 6] Elia Kuhia, �Kahikili, Kalauwalu, Naholowaa, Unauna, Kuluwailehua, Kaapuiki, Haalilio, Keaniani, Kaio, Palu, Nohomihi, Kaaiawaawa. [Pages 5 and 6 are an English translation that was part of the original file. Annotation and translation from original file not included here as part of the Awaiaulu MHM Project 2016] Notes: 1. Kaahumanu 2- Elizabeth Kīna‘u was a high-ranking daughter of Kamehameha and an early convert to Christianity. She became known as Kaʻahumanu II when she assumed the role of Kuhina Nui of the Hawaiian Islands from 1832-1839. 2. This letter was published in Book 3 Page 71 of Ke Kumu Hawaii on January 31, 1838. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kinau - Ali`i Letters - 1838.01.27 - to Na Kanaka Description An account of the resource Kaʻahumanu II writes to her people regarding upcoming road improvements. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Hawaiian Evangelical Association Archives, 1853-1947. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kinau Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1838-01-27 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/aba5d27060a323b8ba553431fe9dacfe.pdf 49e9fe1ad7530107e2d31be57f18397e PDF Text Text �Letter Reference: 1838_Sep25_Kinau-Chamberlain Date of Letter: September 25, 1838 From: Kaahumanu II [Elizabeth Kīnaʻu, Kaʻahumanu II] To: Kamalena [Mr. Levi Chamberlain] Content Summary: Kīnaʻu invites Mr. and Mrs. Chamberlain to have tea at Halekauila. Typescript: [Page 1 of 1] [Letter Cover] [Written in a different hand] Kaahumanu II. Invitation Sept 26 Na Kamalena [Name added in the hand of letter writer] 1838. Na Binamu Aloha oe e Mi Kamalena a me Mi Kamalena wahine. E hele mai olua e inu ki i ko'u wahi ma ke ahiahi o kal la apopo hora eono Na Kaahumanu II Halekauila Sepatemaba 25 Translation: [Page 1 of 1] [Letter Cover] Kaahumanu II. Invitation September 26, 1838 For Chamberlain �Greetings to you, Mr. and Mrs. Chamberlain, Do come, both of you. and drink tea at my place tomorrow evening at six. From Kaahumanu II Halekauila September 25 Notes: 1. Mi Kamalena - Mr. Levi Chamberlain was a member of the second company of missionaries. He was the superintendent of secular affairs for the mission and served as a missionary teacher. 2. Kaahumanu II - Kīna‘u was a high-ranking daughter of Kamehameha and an early convert to Christianity. She married Mataio Kekūanāoʻa in 1827 and two of their sons became sovereigns, Kamehameha IV and Kamehameha V. In 1832, she became known as Kaʻahumanu II when she assumed the role of Kuhina Nui of the Hawaiian Islands, a position she held until her death in 1839. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kinau - Ali`i Letters - 1838.09.26 - to Chamberlain, Levi Description An account of the resource Kīnaʻu invites Mr. and Mrs. Chamberlain to have tea at Halekauila. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Hawaiian Evangelical Association Archives, 1853-1947. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kinau Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1838-09-26 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/f51b9c547497ca338d8deb53db366fdc.pdf eb326f55bfefc4a169c12171964d8a21 PDF Text Text ���������Letter Reference: 1839_Jan12_Kinau-VanBuren Date of Letter: January 12, 1839 From: Kinau [Elizabeth Kīnaʻu, Kaʻahumanu II] To: President Martin Van Buren of the United States Content Summary: A letter from Kīna‘u to the President of the United States, Martin Van Buren regarding the conduct of the American consul in the Hawaiian Islands with regards to the marriage law and including letters about the incident on the part of the Hawaiian Kingdom. Typescript: [Page 1 of 9] 43 Translation Honolulu Oahu, Jan 12 1839 To Martin Van Buren, President of the United States of America, Salutations of friendship & uninterrupted peace. Allow me to trouble you with a letter, for we have met some difficulty which I desire to explain to you. The American Consul, John C. Jones, has refused to submit to the laws of these islands, an account of which I will give you, together with our proceedings in the business, which have been adjusted as correctly as we could with our knowledge on the subject. Some years ago, perhaps thirteen, the said consul took to himself a wife, Hannah by name, altho' he was not married by a clergyman, as that custom was not then established among us & some of our own people were doing the same. In the year of our Lord 1827, a law was enacted, declaring that “christian marriage was proper �for men & women, but if a woman regard her man as her only husband, & the man regard his woman as [Page 2 of 9] his only wife, they are legally husband & wife, but if the parties are not married, nor regard themselves as husband & wife, let them forthwith separate. This law was translated into English, printed & put into circulation, October 7, 1829. Many of the chiefs & people now live united in marriage by this law, & would be punished if they should separate, although they have never been formally married by a clergyman. When Kaahumanu I ascertained that Mr. Jones had many women, contrary to law, she made known to him the law, & in the presence of Hannah, asked him which woman he would choose for his wife. He pointed to Hannah, & said “this one”. Kaahumanu then asked Hannah whom she would choose for her husband, & she said “this man.” Then Kaahumanu said to the consul, “you must put away all your other women, this one is your wife.” & he assented to her words. Hannah likewise assented. Mr. Jones lived with this woman, occupying the same house, their daughter being well grown, when the kingdom was confirmed to Kauikeaouli & the agency of government to me. When I heard that Mr. Jones had another woman besides Hannah, I enquired [Page 3 of 9] of him, which was the woman of his choice. He replied, “Hannah.” I said to him, “Let her be your wife, you must have but one.” I accordingly regarded her as his wife forever, & they continued to live together until he made a voyage to California, from whence he returned on the third of December 1838. Hannah then wrote me, informing me of his arrival with another wife - a Spanish woman whom he had married, & making complaint to me against him. I �accordingly summoned the consul on the 13th day of December by the following letter. Salutations to you John C. Jones, the American Consul. Your wife Hannah has complained to me that you have married another woman in a foreign land, & have brought her to Honolulu, & that you do not return home to her. She therefore demands that we restore to her, her lawful husband to live with her as before, & that you separate from the new woman. You will therefore come to my house, & settle this business tomorrow, at three o’clock P.M. We shall be at leisure when we will meet you & have a talk. When you receive this, let me know what you mean to do. Yours, &c Kaahumanu II [Page 4 of 9] When the consul had read this letter he said to the bearer of it, “I will answer it this evening.” Four days passed away, but he did not answer my letter nor comply with my summons, then I wrote to him again as follows Honolulu Fort, Dec 17, 1838 To John C Jones Sir, We waited for your letter on the 13th but did not receive it & for your attendance at my house on the 14th but you did not meet us & the time passed by. I now summon you to appear immediately before me & answer to the complaint of your wife Hannah that you have married another wife in a foreign land & brought her to this place. I must know the truths of this charge, & we must settle it together. But I do not wish you to increase your offence, nor can a settlement of this accusation of Hannah your wife be any longer delayed. You will therefore appear before me tomorrow at three o’clock �P.M. & we will set apart that time from all other business. Do not treat this with contempt lest your offence be greatly augmented. Desiring your good, I am with salutations, Kaahumanu II [Page 5 of 9] When the time appointed for trial had passed by without the Consul making his appearance, the governor sent an officer after him, but he did not come: he repeated the message in vain, & while we were considering whether we should send soldiers & fetch him, he came on our sending the officer the third time. There were assembled chiefs, judges, Hannah & the witnesses. I required him to return to his wife Hannah, but he refused, saying he had married another woman in a foreign country & that she was his wife. This would have been right if he had not already a wife here. Then I declared to him that Hannah was his lawful wife, that they had lived together many years like our own people who have not been united in christian marriage & when the laws were established, their union was confirmed. You two are in the same circumstances. The consul then said, “I knew not the law”. There was much said on this occasion, which it was unnecessary to repeat. The time expired before the meeting business was closed. I therefore required him to appear on the 20th day of December at three o’clock P.M. for another talk to which he consented, but he returning to his place, has never made his appearance since. [Page 6 of 9] After a few days had been allowed to pass, I wrote to him the following letter, of which he took no notice. Honolulu Fort, Dec 25, 1838 To John C. Jones �Sir, We have looked in vain for your appearance before us on the 20th of this month - & the governor has likewise sent his officer several times to summon you to a further trial, but you have not seen fit to pay the least attention to our demand. You have brought yourself into greater difficulty by this contemptuous treatment of us. Although we first addressed you in kindness, yet you would not regard it? But be cause of my great desire that this business may be amicably adjusted come to-morrow at three o’clock P. M. & we will bring it to a conclusion. Do not absent yourself. If you do not appear at the time appointed, I will talk no more with you & you will have no further opportunity to make any plea, I shall after that talk only with Hannah, for on the evening of the 19th of December, it was evident to me that you are really married to another woman from a foreign country, according to the accusation of Hannah which she said before us. And when I demanded of you that you return to Hannah, your lawful wife, you refused in the presence [Page 7 of 9] of us all, saying, “I will not live with her again, I had rather die than return to her. This you said, but what have I to do with that? You have forsaken your wife, of whom Kaahumanu the I said to you at a certain time, “Hannah is your wife.” likewise the law which binds all persons and aims that a man must not have two wives, nor a woman two husbands. I myself once asked you what woman you chose to take according to the law, & you replied, “Hannah is my wife.” This reply you made to me in conversation we had before you went to California. Under this government all persons have not had the ceremony of marriage performed who have long lived regularly with their wives; for when the law was passed, such connections as that of you & Hannah became legally ratified. But you have denied before me that you knew of any such law. That �was very strange language to my ears that I heard from you. How can you deny your knowledge of a law which was everywhere understood? You cannot. This is what you are now required to do: return to Hannah, otherwise you must be deprived of a wife while you live under this government, just the same as any other person against whom our laws grant a divorce. This however, does not rest entirely with me: it will be for Hannah to ask a bill of divorcement. This is what [Page 8 of 9] I have to communicate Yours &c Kaahumanu II The consul not making his appearance before me, I wrote to my king who is living at Lahaina informing him of what I had done, & asking his judgement on this case. When the king received this information, he together with his Counsellors, gave the subject due considerations & the result of their deliberations was that the consul is a very great offender, that an American consul ought not to conduct himself on these islands as he has done, & that we ought not to suffer it. One duty only appeared plain for us to do in order to wipe off the stain from both governments, namely to refuse to acknowledge him any longer as consul. The king therefore sent him the following communication: To John C. Jones You have long enjoyed the consulship at these island with the consent of this government. You have often treated this government with contempt, & recently have been guilty of the crime of bigamy; when under trial for that crime, you treated my government with new contempt. Wherefore I refuse [Page 9 of 9] �any longer to know you as the consul from the United States of America. Respect for the government of your country as well as respect for my own, compels me to do this. Kaamehameha III Lahaina January 8, 1839 Such has been the course in regards to your officer which we have pursued, believing it to be both just & honorable, but if you think otherwise, please inform me by letter, for we have not yet acquired much knowledge. We have no books which give us information respecting the customs of foreign governments & how we ought to conduct ourselves towards their consuls. I have the honor to be with respect & consideration, By authority of the King, Yours, (signed) Kaahumanu II Notes: 1. Martin Van Buren - Martin Van Buren was the 8th President of the United States who served from March,1837 to March, 1841. 2. John C. Jones - U.S. Captain John Coffin Jones was appointed U.S. consular agent to Hawaiʻi in 1820. 3. Hannah - Hannah was a Hawaiian woman who Capt. Jones chose as his wife in 1829 when the laws had been enacted and translated into English declaring that "Christian marriage was proper for men & women." 4. Ka‘ahumanu -The favorite wife of Kamehameha I, Kaʻahumanu was the first Kuhina Nui, or co-regent, from 1819-1832. She was a convert and a strong advocate for the Protestant religion. 5. Kauikeaouli (Kamehameha III) - Kauikeaouli, also known as Kamehameha III, was the second royal son of Kamehameha Paiʻea. Kauikeaouli ruled the Hawaiian Kingdom from 1825 to 1854. 6. Ka‘ahumanu II - Elizabeth Kīnaʻu was a high-ranking daughter of Kamehameha I and an early convert to Christianity. After the death of Kaʻahumanu, Kīnaʻu became known as Kaʻahumanu II when she assumed the role of Kuhina Nui of the Hawaiian Islands from 1832 - 1839. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kinau - Ali`i Letters - 1839.01.12 - to Van Buren, Martin Description An account of the resource A letter from Kīna‘u to the President of the United States, Martin Van Buren regarding the conduct of the American consul in the Hawaiian Islands with regards to the marriage law and including letters about the incident on the part of the Hawaiian Kingdom. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kinau Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1839-01-12 https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/06fa7f841e1467818d77d7e621ed8de3.pdf ac915de2062241f3d7b09f465c57b611 PDF Text Text �Letter Reference: Undated_Kinau-Chamberlain Date of Letter: Undated From: Kinau [Elizabeth Kīnaʻu, Kaʻahumanu II] To: Mi Kemelena [Mr. Levi Chamberlain] Content Summary: Kīna‘u requests white paint and copper from Mr. Chamberlain. Typescript: [Page 1 of 1, left side] [Letter Cover] Kinau’s request for white paint & Copper ia Mi Kamalani 14 70 980 [Page 1 of 1, right side] Aloha oe e Mikemelena Eia kou wa hi manao ia oe e haawi mai oe i pe na keokeo e aloha mai oe iau e haawi mai oe i kelea we no Paalua Na Kinau Translation: [Page 1 of 1, left side] [Letter Cover] Kinau’s request for white paint & Copper �To Mr. Chamberlain [Page 1 of 1, right side] Greetings, Mr. Chamberlain. Here is my short message to you. Do provide some white paint, if you would be so kind to me, and do give some copper for Paalua. From Kinau Notes: 1. Kinau – Kīna‘u was a high-ranking daughter of Kamehameha and an early convert to Christianity. She married Mataio Kekūanāoʻa in 1827 and two of their sons became sovereigns, Kamehameha IV and Kamehameha V. Kīnaʻu became known as Kaʻahumanu II when she assumed the role of Kuhina Nui (regent) of the Hawaiian Islands from 1832-1839. 2. Kemelena – Mr. Levi Chamberlain was a member of the second company of missionaries. He was the superintendent of secular affairs for the mission and served as a missionary teacher. 3. Paalua – A Hawaiian schooner used for interisland trade and passage. Originally referred to as a man-o-war, the ship belonged to the Hawaiian government, which collected the fees for cargo and passage. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kinau - Ali`i Letters - No Date - to Chamberlain, Levi Description An account of the resource Kīna‘u requests white paint and copper from Mr. Chamberlain. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Hawaiian Evangelical Association Archives, 1853-1947. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kinau Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource No date https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/da783aa126099027e35efbc270407411.pdf 15700afac96d233009c669b36358c8e7 PDF Text Text �Letter Reference: Undated_Kinau-Chamberlain Date of Letter: Undated From: Kinau [Elizabeth Kīnaʻu, Kaʻahumanu II] To: Kamalani [Mr. Levi Chamberlain] Content Summary: Kīna‘u asks Mr. Chamberlain’s assistance with language. Typescript: [Page 1 of 1, left side] [Letter Cover] Kinau Na Liwai Kama lani Waiahao [Page 1 of 1, right side] E Kamalani e iho mai oe i lalo nei i mea hoa kaka olelo Na Kinau Translation: [Page 1 of 1, left side] [Letter Cover] Kinau For Levi Kama lani Waiahao [Page 1 of 1, right side] Chamberlain Come down here to clarify language. From Kinau Notes: 1. Kinau - Kīna‘u was a high-ranking daughter of Kamehameha and an early convert to Christianity. She married Mataio Kekūanāoʻa in 1827 and two of their sons became sovereigns, Kamehameha IV and Kamehameha V. Two years after this letter, she became known as Kaʻahumanu II when she assumed the role of Kuhina Nui of the Hawaiian Islands from 1832-1839. �2. Liwai Kamalani - A spelling variation of Levi Chamberlain 3. Kamalani - Mr. Levi Chamberlain was a member of the second company of missionaries. He was the superintendent of secular affairs for the mission and served as a missionary teacher. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kinau - Ali`i Letters - No Date - to Chamberlain, Levi Description An account of the resource Kīna‘u asks Mr. Chamberlain’s assistance with language. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Hawaiian Evangelical Association Archives, 1853-1947. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kinau Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource No date https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/55a909c2c5ae3c91e19fedfb235bf05e.pdf a0154a035371ef52ad73f7a6f6db5145 PDF Text Text ��Letter Reference: Undated_Kinau-Unknown Date of Letter: Undated From: Unsigned [Archived in Kīnaʻu file] To: Unknown Content Summary: This document contains a list of names with no context. Typescript: [Page 1 of 2] Waialee. Kaheana. Manu. Keaka. Pahoa. O Nua. Tahaleipu. Tuheleloa. Tauaua. O Puhi. Poouluku. Tauku. Tupau. Taianui. Tuapuu. Tahalaloa. Tahuionohi. Tahilinui. Teananahelehele. Taoli. Taakau Tiaalauale Tauaila [Page 2 of 2] Tauhiokalani O Taina Namaka �O Tuulei O Papa O Talehuaopu^na Tiheua. Taoiai. Tahanaiua No Kaunala Translation: [No translation is given, as the listing appears to be proper names of persons and perhaps places.] Notes: 1. This list of what appear to be proper names of persons and/or places, is undated and without context. The list includes object markers (o) on a few names, periods following some names and a few of the names are underlined. The significance is unknown. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kinau - Ali`i Letters - No Date - to Unknown Description An account of the resource This document contains a list of names with no context. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Hawaiian Evangelical Association Archives, 1853-1947. Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the Hawaiian Mission Houses Historic Site and Archives Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kinau Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Puakea Nogelmeier Translated by Awaiaulu Foundation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource If you would like permission to publish or reproduce this material, please send your requests to archives@missionhouses.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource No date