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                <text>Levi Parsons Bingham (December 31, 1822 - January 16, 1823)&#13;
&#13;
A unobtrusive grave stone commemorates the first burial in the Kawaiaha‘o cemetery missionary plot. A white common stone rectangle about 18 inches tall is marked with an inscription chiseled by a stone worker with the words of pioneer Hawai‘i missionary company leader Hiram Bingham. The graceful lettering reads in part: “LEVI PARSONS, died Jan. 16, 1823, aged 16 days.”&#13;
&#13;
The death of new-born Levi Parsons Bingham, the first-born child of  the Rev. Hiram Bingham and his wife Sybil Moseley Bingham,  resulted in a key turning point for the good in the relationship of the royal Hawaiian Ali‘i and the early missionary families stationed in Honolulu.&#13;
&#13;
The Binghams baptized the child, suffering from jaundice, a day before his death. The Sandwich Islands Mission Journal for January 15, 1823 reads: “At a meeting of the family, the king, queen and several chiefs, brother and sister B’s babe, called Levi Parsons was dedicated to Christ, by baptism. It was a truly interesting scene.” &#13;
&#13;
Kuhina nui Ka‘ahumanu and her husband King Kaumuali‘i offered condolences to the Binghams when Levi Parsons Bingham died the next day. &#13;
&#13;
Hiram’s journal gives us a clue to the story behind his son Levi’s name. “L. Parsons Bingham, at the age of sixteen days, passed away suddenly, as did the dear missionary in Alexandria, whose name he was expected to bear, and by which he had been baptized.”&#13;
&#13;
Levi Parsons earned a foreign missions minister-qualifying degree along with Hiram at Andover Theological Seminary in Massachusetts. But their most poignant tie lies in the life of a missions-minded school teacher named Sybil Moseley from Westfield, Massachusetts. Sybil and Hiram’s daughter Lydia Bingham Coan remembered the story of her mother meeting Hiram at Goshen: “The name attracted him at once. A fellow student at Andover designated to the mission in Palestine to which it was not thought wise by the ABCFM to send married men had told him that if he were allowed to take a wife Miss Sybil Moseley would be his choice. As the young man now heard the name, he earnestly scanned her face and mentally queried if it could be possible that the lady so esteemed by his friend, but supposed to be at the far west was here before him! Ah, yes! The Lord had led her there. Providence was wondrously opening another door.”&#13;
&#13;
Levi Parsons and his fellow missionary Pliny Fisk were the sole members of the pioneer Palestine Mission of the ABCFM. Levi died of consumption in Alexandria, Egypt on February 5, 1822 at age 29. His body was interred in the church yard of a Greek Orthodox convent in Alexandria alongside the dead of the English expatriate community who dwelt in Alexandria. News of his death reached the Binghams almost a year later in Honolulu through a report in a copy of the Missionary Herald sent aboard a ship carrying mission supplies headed for Hawai‘i.&#13;
&#13;
Hiram wrote of his son’s burial, “As strangers and sojourners…we felt the affecting necessity of asking of the rulers a burying-place among them. A spot of ground near the church was, according to our wishes, readily granted us. There, with mournful but not desponding feelings, we broke the ground to deposit the beautiful flower that had fallen, where we expected the mission family would, one after another, be gathered around it, and where we should choose to be buried when our work is done. The funeral services and burial took place on the Sabbath, the 19th of January. The king and his principal chiefs, male and female, several foreign residents and others, assembled at the mission house and walked in procession to the church, where Mr. Thurston preached an appropriate sermon. We then drew around the grave, and with tenderness laid the little sleeper in its lonely, silent bed….”  Thus was established the site of today’s Kawaiaha‘o missionary cemetery plot.&#13;
&#13;
Levi Parsons Bingham&#13;
Born Honolulu, Hawaiʻi, December 31, 1822&#13;
Died Honolulu, Hawaiʻi, January 16, 1823&#13;
&#13;
The image is of Levi Parsons, the American Missionary to Palestine for which Levi Parsons Bingham is named after.&#13;
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                <text>Levi Parsons Bingham (December 31, 1822 - January 16, 1823) &#13;
An unobtrusive gravestone commemorates the first burial in the Kawaiaha‘o cemetery missionary plot. A white common stone rectangle about 18 inches tall is marked with an inscription chiseled by a stone worker with the words of pioneer Hawai‘i missionary company leader Hiram Bingham. The graceful lettering reads in part: “LEVI PARSONS, died Jan. 16, 1823, aged 16 days.”&#13;
The death of newborn Levi Parsons Bingham, the first-born child of the Rev. Hiram Bingham and his wife Sybil Moseley Bingham,  resulted in a key turning point for the good in the relationship of the royal Hawaiian Ali‘i and the early missionary families stationed in Honolulu.&#13;
The Binghams baptized the child, suffering from jaundice, a day before his death. The Sandwich Islands Mission Journal for January 15, 1823 reads: “At a meeting of the family, the king, queen and several chiefs, brother and sister B’s babe, called Levi Parsons was dedicated to Christ, by baptism. It was a truly interesting scene.” Kuhina nui Ka‘ahumanu and her husband King Kaumuali‘i offered condolences to the Binghams when Levi Parsons Bingham died the next day. &#13;
Hiram’s journal gives us a clue to the story behind his son Levi’s name. “L. Parsons Bingham, at the age of sixteen days, passed away suddenly, as did the dear missionary in Alexandria, whose name he was expected to bear, and by which he had been baptized.”&#13;
Levi Parsons earned a foreign missions minister-qualifying degree along with Hiram at Andover Theological Seminary in Massachusetts. But their most poignant tie lies in the life of a missions-minded school teacher named Sybil Moseley from Westfield, Massachusetts. Sybil and Hiram’s daughter Lydia Bingham Coan remembered the story of her mother meeting Hiram at Goshen: “The name attracted him at once. A fellow student at Andover designated to the mission in Palestine to which it was not thought wise by the ABCFM to send married men had told him that if he were allowed to take a wife Miss Sybil Moseley would be his choice. As the young man now heard the name, he earnestly scanned her face and mentally queried if it could be possible that the lady so esteemed by his friend, but supposed to be at the far west was here before him! Ah, yes! The Lord had led her there. Providence was wondrously opening another door.”&#13;
Levi Parsons and his fellow missionary Pliny Fisk were the sole members of the pioneer Palestine Mission of the ABCFM. Levi died of consumption in Alexandria, Egypt on February 5, 1822 at age 29. His body was interred in the church yard of a Greek Orthodox convent in Alexandria alongside the dead of the English expatriate community who dwelt in Alexandria. News of his death reached the Binghams almost a year later in Honolulu through a report in a copy of the Missionary Herald sent aboard a ship carrying mission supplies headed for Hawai‘i.&#13;
Hiram wrote of his son’s burial, “As strangers and sojourners…we felt the affecting necessity of asking of the rulers a burying-place among them. A spot of ground near the church was, according to our wishes, readily granted us. There, with mournful but not desponding feelings, we broke the ground to deposit the beautiful flower that had fallen, where we expected the mission family would, one after another, be gathered around it, and where we should choose to be buried when our work is done. The funeral services and burial took place on the Sabbath, the 19th of January. The king and his principal chiefs, male and female, several foreign residents and others, assembled at the mission house and walked in procession to the church, where Mr. Thurston preached an appropriate sermon. We then drew around the grave, and with tenderness laid the little sleeper in its lonely, silent bed….”  Thus was established the site of today’s Kawaiaha‘o missionary cemetery plot.&#13;
Levi Parsons Bingham&#13;
Born Honolulu, Hawaiʻi, December 31, 1822&#13;
Died Honolulu, Hawaiʻi, January 16, 1823&#13;
&#13;
The image is of Levi Parsons, the American Missionary to Palestine for which Levi Parsons Bingham is named after.&#13;
&#13;
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                    <text>����Letter Reference:
1823_Mar18_Liholiho-American Board
Date of Letter:
March 18, 1823
From:
Tamehameha [Liholiho]
To:
Ka Poe American Board [The people of the American Board]
Content Summary:
King Liholiho expresses gratitude to the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign
Missions for sending the missionaries and introducing the word of God. He reports that his
people are happy to have learned the word of God.
Typescript:
[Page 1 of 2]
[English note in left margin:
Letter of Tamehameha, in his own hand-writing.]
No. 240
Oahu March 18, 1823
E Ka poe American Board
Aroha ino oukou E noho nui la
i America. E ia kau wahi olero ia oukou a
pau uao iho nei makou ika Palapala ua ike
iho nei makou ua lohe iho nei makou ika olero
maitai a Jehova. ua makemake roa makou ike
ao maitai mai a Iesu Kraist maitai no
wale nohoi kana ao mai o kakou, Akahi no
makou Anaau wao ihonei. I aroha ia mai nei
makou e Iehova, hoo una mai nei ia Mi.
Bingham ame Mi. Thurston ame kapoe^kumu apau roa
A noho ae nei me makou ua naau ao ae nei
ko makou mau aina wa olioli roa ko makou naau,
ikala kou ao maitai mai ia makou, wahau oli
roa, ko makou naau i ka Iehova olero ana mai, ia
makou. pau waela ia wahi olero. E ia neia wahi olero
hou: walohe no paha oukou mamua E hoomowakaka

�’ku wau ilohe mai oukou, he kua laau ko makou
ika manava mamua ikuu maku akane mamua.
iau iho nei haarere au ike kua laau
Bono^no ka kuu haarerena mamua e hiti mai ana
ka O Mi. Bingham ame Mi. Thurston ame ka
poe kumu apau roa
[Page 2 of 2]
Na ko kakou makua ia roha mai ai ia oukou
apau maitai nohoi o Iesu Kraist ika olero
ana iho ia oukou I ihowai ia oukou “ehele
oukou e ao ina motu apuni ehai aku ika
olero maitai akeola” iholo mai hoi nakahu
na e hanapono ia makou wa olioli roa
makou a mamuli aku paha wa nei pono roa paha
wa nei makou, ke malama nei makou ika
Lakapu o ke Akua nui o kalani ikakakou
mea iolai
Aroha vale oukou iko oukou manao ana mai,
ia makou, ika oukou hoo una ^ana mai nei ia nei
E ole oukou e hoo una mai nei ikekumu
ino naau poeleele roa ko makou pae aina
Aole, aroha mai no hoi oukou ia makou
Wanaauao wae nei ko makou mau aina.
Aroha ino oukou apau roa
I ola kakou ia Iehova aia laua
me Iesu Kraist ko kakou Haku
Tamehameha
Arii, o Havaii nei
Translation:
[Page 1 of 2]
Oahu March 18, 1823
To those of the American Board,
Deep regards to all of you dwelling there in America. Here is my bit of message to all of
you. We have recently learned literacy, we have seen and heard the good word of Jehovah. We
really desire the good teachings of Jesus Christ. What he has taught all of us is excellent indeed
and we have finally become learned. We were shown compassion by Jehovah, who sent Mr.
Bingham and Mr. Thurston and all the teachers. And they dwelled with us here and our lands

�have become enlightened. Our hearts rejoice for their good teaching to us. Our hearts are joyful
at Jehovah’s words to us. That bit of message is finished. Here is another message: you may have
already heard. I will clarify so that you all hear. We had wooden deities before, during my
father’s time. In my time, I have abandoned wooden deities. It turns out my abandoning of them
beforehand was appropriate, for Mr. Bingham, Mr. Thurston and all the teachers were arriving.
[Page 2 of 2]
It is through our father that I may greet all of you. Jesus Christ was good in speaking to you,
saying to you all, “Go and teach throughout the islands, and preach the good word of salvation.”
The ministers sailed here to do good things for us, we were overjoyed. And later on we may well
be fully virtuous. We observe the sacred day of Almighty God in heaven, savior of us all.
Greatly beloved are all of you for thinking of us, for sending them here. Thankfully you sent
teachers or our lands would be completely ignorant. But no, you showed us compassion. Our
lands have become enlightened.
Deep regards to all of you.
May we have salvation through Jehovah and
Jesus Christ our Lord.
Tamehameha
King of Hawaiʻi
Notes:
1. American Board - The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
(ABCFM) was a Christian organization that sent companies of missionaries to Hawaiʻi
beginning in 1820.
2. Mi. Bingham - Rev. Hiram Bingham was in the first company of missionaries that arrived
in Hawaiʻi in 1820.
3. Mi. Thurston - Rev. Asa Thurston was in the first company of missionaries that arrived in
Hawaiʻi in 1820.
4. Tamehameha - Liholiho, Kamehameha II, was the son of Kamehameha I. He inherited
his father's rule and was the sovereign of Hawaiʻi at the time of this letter.

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                <text>American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University. Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries </text>
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                    <text>����Letter Reference:
1850_Apr01_AlexanderLiholiho-Bates
Date of Letter:
April 1, 1850
From:
Alexander Liholiho
To:
Mrs. Bates
Content Summary:
Alexander Liholiho writes Mrs. Bates about his stay in France, letters he has received and those
that may have been lost.
Typescript:
[Page 1 of 4]
Hotel Meurice
1 April 1850
My dear Mother Bates,
Your very kind
letter of the 26th of November was gratefully
received I assure you, for it was about the only
one of the few answers that I received to the
many letters that I wrote to friends in the
Islands, but with a few exceptions. I find
that my letters were all directed wrong, for
perhaps if I had not written to those I did
not write to, I would have received answers
as prompt as if they took a little interest in
friends at a distance. I am sorry I did not
write to the Girls, for, Lot, who wrote to them
has received their answers, and they are I
think the only ones that answered his letters
at all except the King &amp; Queen &amp; John Young.
I have only received one from the King since
I left, and also only one from John Young,
but the Queen is very kind to me &amp; writes very
often. Besides your own, the Queens are the only
ones that have reces acknowledged the receipts

�of my letters; I believe John Young did so too, but
of my other letters that I wrote I presume they
[Page 2 of 4]
have all been lost. For their fate does not seem to
be known. I wrote to Bernice, to Hopkins and to several others, but, I do not what the matter is in
Honolulu. In the Girls of letters to Lot, they speak
of having a great deal of company, I do not think
some of my other friends have half the Company,
and yet the Girls have found time enough to
answer their letters and also to their father.
Perhaps - but I do not know how much credit
to give to some reports that I have reached us,
and, therefore, perhaps I ought not to Complain.
But, I assure you, that I felt it quite hard, for
I have no reason to think of, that would prevent
some reasons of my friends that I wrote to from
answering. William, writes regularly, and I am so
obliged to him. We have now been in this delightful city for more than two months, and sad to relate, the longer I stop in Paris, the more attached
I have become, You must think me very naughty
but so it is. We have gone some into English society
in France, &amp; I like it much, but, I think I prefer
French Society, and I think I would enjoy it
infinitely more if I could speak the language.
The French society I think is more fascinating, but
perhaps you will say, that I have been soft soaped
by the French, but I do not know what it is, but
[Page 3 of 3]
there is something that is so pleasant, with the French
young ladies especially. We are taking French lessons, &amp;
to hear some of the Mademoiselles use words that we
know, to my ear it is exceedingly sweet. We go to theatres
in the Evening &amp; also to the Operas and other sights in
Paris which are all very interesting. - I think Paris
is the finest city that we have been in yet, and there
is such a gaiety among the population, and the streets

�are far superior to any other in Cleanliness, and also the
Climate agrees with me better than any we have been in
yet, and on the Whole I think I would like to spend
a year in France before I return, but, I suppose I
am to return sooner. I wrote to Libby at
last mail, and shall write to Nell soon, for I like
to receive answers to letters. And I shall also write to
Mr. Bates, and the boys if I can have time. I am sorry
Mr. Jasper and his wife have fallen out. but are quite amused with the Vida affair. I cannot write much longer.
I can only add that Your brother is doing his work &amp;
has begun at it with right good earnest. I hope he will
succeed in his Mission ^but have doubts. He enjoys very good health, &amp; grows
very fat. My great love to the boys, and a kiss for Sissy &amp;
her baby. Tell sissy I shall bring her home something very
nice. Remember me to Mrs. Judd, &amp; the Girls and Also
to Mr. Bates. Mr. Judd &amp; Lot join in sending great love,
and believe me to be your “Keiki Aloha”
Alexander
[Page 4 of 4]
His Majesty 1850
Mrs. Bates
Honolulu
The @
Honolulu

Notes:
1. Mother Bates - This is assumed to be the wife of Mr. A.B. Bates, an attorney who for a
short time was a tutor to the princes, Lot and Alexander.
2. Lot - Lot Kapuāiwa Kamehameha was the son of Kīnaʻu and Mataio Kekūanāoʻa. He
would later become king, Kamehameha V, and rule the Hawaiian Kingdom from
November, 1863 - December, 1872.
3. King &amp; Queen - Kauikeaouli &amp; Kalama were the king &amp; queen at the time of this letter
and the adopted parents of Alexander Liholiho.
4. John Young - John Kaleipaihala Young also known as Keoni Ana, was the son of
Kamehameha I's trusted foreign advisor, John Young and Kaʻōanaʻeha, daughter of

�Kamehameha I's brother, Keliʻimaikaʻi. He was a trusted advisor of Kamehameha III and
was the Kuhina Nui from 1845-1855.
5. Bernice -	&#13;  Bernice Pauahi, daughter of Konia and Pākī. Her mother was a daughter of
Kamehameha I.
6. Hopkins - This person is unknown.
7. Libby - This person is unknown.
8. Mr. Bates - Mr. A.B. Bates, an attorney who for a short time was a tutor to the princes,
Lot and Alexander.
9. “the boys”- This appears to refer to the sons of Mrs. Bates.
10. Mr. Jasper and wife - Mr. John Robert Jasper was married to Jane Loeau, who was the
daughter of Kuini Liliha and Kalaniulumoku and a school mate of Alexander at the
Chiefs' Children's School.
11. Vida affair - The spelling of this term is not clear, and this event is unknown.
12. Your brother - Mrs. Bates brother is unknown, but was apparently in Paris or in one of
the cities visited on the princes' tour.
13. Libby, Nell, Sissy - These three girls are mentioned as having letters sent to them by
Alexander, but not having responded. They are unidentified.
14. Mrs. Judd - Laura Fish Judd was the wife of Dr. Gerrit P. Judd.
15. Mr. Judd - Dr. Gerrit Parmele Judd was a member of the third company of missionaries
and a medical doctor. In 1842, he resigned from the mission and became an advisor and
translator to King Kamehameha III. He held many positions in the Hawaiian government
and in 1849, he was commissioned as Minister Plenipotentiary to England, France and
the United States where he visited, accompanied by Lot &amp; Alexander. It was on these
travels that Alexander wrote this letter.
16. Lot - Lot Kapuāiwa Kamehameha was the son of Kīnaʻu and Mataio Kekūanāoʻa. He
would later become king, Kamehameha V, and rule the Hawaiian Kingdom from
November, 1863 - December, 1872.
17. Alexander - Alexander Liholiho would become king and rule from January, 1855 November, 1863, as Kamehameha IV.

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                    <text>��Letter Reference:
1850_May24_Alexander Liholiho-Hubbard
Date of Letter:
May 24, 1850
From:
Alexander Liholiho
To:
Wm. Hubbard
Content Summary:
Alexander Liholiho expresses his appreciation to William Hubbard for the hospitality he
received in Boston.
Typescript:
[Page 1 of 2]
214 Revere House
Boston, May 24, 1850
Dear Sir.
Before leaving this city,
I feel it to be my duty to render thanks
to those who have so welcomed us, and who
have so received us as it were in open arms,
to those who feel so much, interest in the welfare and happiness of the Sandwich Islands,
and also to those who have not only taken an
interest, but taken a hand in the great
work of civilizing the earth.
And I know of no better
channel through which to express those thanks
than yourself as Chairman of the Committee
of that Board of Missions which will always
be looked to by Hawaiians as our religious
Parents, Guardians and Friends.
Not only do I thank you
for the kindness received here through indirect means, but by presenting me with a

�copy of that Word of God, which not very
many years ago you gave to our people in
their own language who were then heathens and
benighted. I shall keep that Holy volume as
a token of remembrance, and not only the
book shall I keep, but I will try and follow
the instructions which were imparted to me
on its presentation.
I remain
Sir
Yours very truly
Liholiho
Hon. Wm J. Hubbard
Chairman of the Presidential
Committee of the American
Board of Commissioners for
Foreign Missions
[Page 2 of 2]
Liholiho
May 24, 1850
13-72

To: Wm. Hubbard

Notes:
1. Revere House - Revere House was an upscale hotel in the 19th-century Boston,
Massachusetts, located in Bowdoin Square in the West End.
2. Sandwich Islands - The name given to the Hawaiian Islands by Capt. James Cook in 1778
and still in common usage through the first half of the 19th century.
3. American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions - The A.B.C.F.M. was an
American Christian missionary organization that sent the first missionaries to Hawaiʻi.
4. Liholiho - Alexander Liholiho, the son of Mataio Kekūanāoʻa and Kīnaʻu, was adopted
by Kauikeaouli, Kamehameha III, whom he would succeed to rule Hawaiʻi from January,
1855 - November, 1863 as Kamehameha IV.
5. Hon. Wm J. Hubbard - William J. Hubbard is referenced as the Chairman of the
Presidential Committee for the A.B.C.F.M. who hosted Dr. Judd and the two princes
during their stay in Boston.

�</text>
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                <text>Liholiho, Alexander - Ali`i Letters - 1850.05.24 - to Hubbard, William</text>
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                <text>Alexander Liholiho expresses his appreciation to William Hubbard for the hospitality he received in Boston. </text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="18311">
                <text>American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions Pacific Islands Missions Records, 1819-1960 (ABC 19.1-19.7). Houghton Library, Harvard University.  Used by permission of Wider Church Ministries </text>
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