https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/0b5a92a04cbb5208bc817ee13244fcd6.pdf 09ea09b42569604d11a60f4f38c366af PDF Text Text FRIEND THE HONOLULU, FEBRUARY 1, 1866. 3ta Series, 001.17 Dto. U f CONTENTS For Frbrunry, 1 5t.... Visit of the laancnster Volcanic Phenomena of the Island of Hawaii New Zealandand Hawaiian Islands The Morning Star The Pacific Cod*Fishery Mutt Inexcusable Ignorance Salt* of Mr. Wyllk's Library Lines on a Skeletr n The arrival of the Ajax Hawaiian Antiquities PiOR. 9 0, 10, 11, 14 12 «2 13 13 13 16 M 10 THE FRIEND. FEItRUARY 1. 1866. We are glad to learn from Admiral Pearson, Capt. Davenport, and other officers ol the Lancaster, that they made so pleasant an excursion from Hilo to the Volcano, during their late trip to Hawaii. It was quite remarkable that they should have escaped the severe storm which was raging in other parts of the group. We would take this opportunity to express our gratification, in view of the very agreeable visit of the Lancaster to these islands. Both officers and seamen are an honor to the United States. In our intercourse among the seamen, as they have gathered around the " Home," it has afforded us very great delight to meet so many well disposed and excellent men. We have met some old man-of-war's men who had retired from the seas, but who nobly responded to the appeal wh»n the President called for seamen to man the vessels of war, and put down the rebellion. Their song was : "Down with the traitor— Up with the King." The sailors have a noble record in the late civil war. Uncle Sam's " web-footed " boys were not found among those who would pull down the flag. The following slip, from a late American paper, will be read with melancholy interest : " William Conway, the sailor who, on the secession of Florida in 1861, refused, at the dictation of an officer who had turned traitor to hi? country, to hnul down the national flag at the Pensacola Navy Yard, died last week at the Brooklyn Naval Hospital, aged about sixty-three years. His luneral was attended at the Hospital on Saturday afternoon. The services were conducted by Chaplain Stewart, who preached a suitable discourse, in which reference was made to the long naval service of deceased, and particularly to his action at the Warrenton Navy Yard, Pensacola, where, on the 15th of January, 1861, he was ordered by the rebel Lieut. Renshaw to haul down the old flag. 'No,' the veteran responded. ' I have served under that flag for over twenty years, and I shall not pull it down.' " Generous Response.—It affords us much gratification to acknowledge the prompt response which has been made by numerous families to our appeal for books and papers for seamen. The following persons have kindly sent buodles to our office : Mr. Hall, Miss Ogden, Mr. and Mrs. Whitney, Mrs. deVarigny, Rev. C. B. Andrews, Rev. J. F. Pogue, Capt. Snow, Mrs. Dimond, Mrs. Parke, and Mrs. Thrum. Most of the contributions have been distributed among the seamen and marines of the Lancaster. The friends of seamen never need fear that they can furnish an over supply. Among the colored seamen there has been a loud call for spelling and other school books. We are now employing Mr. Dunscomb, formerly a sailor, to act as keeper of the Depository and Reading Room at the Home. Seamen will always be supplied by making application to him. Seamen wishing to write letters will be supplied with materials at the Home. We favor our readers with a long and interesting communication from the Rev. Mr. Conn, upon the volcanic eruptions on Hawaii during the last half century. It was written for a Scientific Society in Paris, at the solicitation of Mons. Desnoyers, the French Consul and Commissioner. As we were honored with the transmission of the document we solicited a copy for our columns. Few persons have enjoyed such favorable opportunities for witnessing the action of the volcanoes on Hawaii as the Rev. Mr. Coan. 9 {©uStries, Mill. Volcanic Phenomena of the Island of Hawaii. BY REV. TITUS COAN. It is a well-known fact that all the Hawaiian Islands are of igneous origin. Submarine fires commenced the work of elevation in unknown ages past; subterranean, subaerial eruptions have continued until some of our mountain summits stand 14,000 feet above the sea-level. The whole Hawaiian group has been raised from unmeasured depths of the Ocean. Nor is this elevating process yet completed. The southern portion of Hawaii covers a vast abyss of fire, from which hot steam and gases escape at a thousand vents. Mauna Loa is the great crowning dome of this part of the island, and it is of itself only an immense volcano. From base to summit, on all sides, it is scarred with pits, rents and cones, and ten thousand marks ol fiery struggle. From these fissures, and yawning craters, molten floods have been disgorged from time immemorial—spreading and solidifying over all the mountain rushing in fiery streams and cataracts down its sides, expanding over the plains below, sweeping down forests, licking up lakes and rivers, and throwing up mounds, ridges and hills, and leaving a surface resembling a raging sea suddenly congealed in a tempest. On the summit of this mountain is the vast crater Mokuaweo•weo a yawning gulf of sufficient capacity to gorge the largest city on our planet. This crater is constantly emitting steam and sulphurous fumes, and occasionally eruptions of molten lava take place in its bottom. The whole mountain is subject to eruptions at any time and at any place. The great Kilauea, at its eastern base, is but one of scores of its lateral valves, extending on all sides to the ocean. The southern portion of Hawaii is unfinished land, subject to further changes of elevation, subsidence and extension ; even Mauna Loa—which is seen more than 200 feet lower than her sister peak, Mauna Kea—may yet tower far above her under the elevating process of subaerial eruptions. One eruption on the very summit of the mountain might raise it 500 feet. Mauna Kea is a cluster of extinct craters. It is unfortunate for science that our knowledge of the Hawaiian Archipelago is of recent-date. — — �IUK 11.1 I; M 1), lI.IIRI A X \ , 10 Chaotic darkness broods over the lonjr pa t river passed over a wild and uninhabited reapes, when submarine thunder rolled under gion, ami was little noticed by the natives (be deep—when the fiery throes of nature there being no foreigners near at the time. disturbed the quiet bosom of the Pacific, and As there was neither pen nor pencil, nor inheated her waves to licrceVbullition—raising telligent eye near the scene, little is known from unmeasured depths the massive piles ol this grand phenomenon except what can which form our beautiful group. Nowhere be gathered from the permanent results, conelse on earth are all the conditions for observ- sisting or caves, pits, hills, ridges, precipices, ing volcar.ic action so favorable as Hawaii ; caverns, yawning chasms, and vast fields ot and yet it is scarcely half ■ century since tlie smooth, glistening lava and of jagged scoria, world has been able to obtain reliable facts tiusos and steam are still issuing from many fissures along the line of flow. on the subject of our eruptions. Kruption of 1833. During the last forty years many travelers This was local and insignificant. It rent have visited our volcanoes —surveys have been made, charts projected, and observa-'. the northern bank of Kilauea ; spouted up tions, sketches, photographs and descriptions incandescent masses to a considerable height, published. To these the inquisitive reader, burning jungle and trees, and flowing off is referred. into an extinct and wooded crater at a little The limits of this paper preclude all butj distance north. Many of the jets were the merest outline and epitome of the vol- thrown up into trees where the lava-stalaccanic phenomena of our islands, or even of, tites still hang suspended from the branches. what has come under the observation of the j But, as this eruption was unimportant, we writer. We begin with pass it without further remark, and speak of — Kilts ii vn. Thcr This is the great active volcano of Hawaii, not to say of the world. It is a vast and nearly circular pit, near the eastern base of Mauna Loa (Long Mountain.) Its depth varies from 600 to 1.200 feet, the difference being occasioned by the filling up and the disgorgement of lava. The circumference by trigonometry is more than 7£ miles, while to a pedestrian it is 10 miles. The pit is sunk in a vast level tract, and one may ride for seveml miles along its margin, and horn his saddle look down into the black and smouldering abyss of lava, listening to its mutterings, its hissings, its belchings, the cracking and rending of its solid strata and the startling detonation of exploding rocks and gases. He may also witness its fiery jets, its smoking cones, its molten streams, its burning caverns, its glaring ovens, its boiling pools, and its raging lakes of liquid minerals, and all a thousand feet below him. All over the bottom of this pit, and from its craggy and creviced walls, and from the regions surrounding its upper rim, innumerable puffs of smoke, steam and gases are constantly arising, indicating the presence of a vast abyss of Are below. The old native mythology called this crater Ka Lua o Pele (the pit of Pele), supposing that the fire-goddess Pele held carnival there—bathing and disporting in the molten sea—hiding in fiery caverns, breathing out fire and smoke and sulphur from her nostrils ; glaring with her burning eye-balls from fissures, and vomiting out floods of wrath upon all who failed to propitiate her. Leaving legends and traditions, we will speak of some of the great eruptions of Kilauea ; and first, I minion of INK). This combined the elements which kindle the emotions of sublimity, grandeur, awe and terror. It commenced in June, and for twentyseven miles it was chiefly subterranean. For seventeen years the great cauldron of Kilauea had been slowly filling up. The fused lava had been rising, and fiery demonstrations had been increasing within the crater, and becoming more and more vivid and startling. Many lakes of boiling fusia opened in the bottom of the cmtor. Scores of hissing cones are from five to twenty-five feet high, spiiting out fire and sulphurous gases, with a voice which resembled the letting off steam from a hundred fire engines. Fissures epencd all over the floor of the crater, from which lines of fire were everywhere seen like chain lightning in the clouds. At length the lateral pressure of the igneous lava became too great for the walls of the pit and the fusia found vent in subterranean galleries, some 1,200 feet below the rim of the crater, and for days the flow was so deep and obscure that it was known only by the subsidence of the lava in the crater, the cracking of the superincumbent strata under which it was flowing towards the sea, and the throwing up of puffs of gas and smoke, of hot jets of lava from the fissures. As the liquid flood was drawn off from the crater the solid mural floor, which had rested upon it, fell in with cracking, crashing and roaring sounds like those of ice when the water is drawn from under it. When the molten stream was within twelve miles of the sea it broke ground in a vast and burning flood, and from this point it pushed its way over the surfcice, The Kruplion of 1823. consuming forests, filling up pits and ravines, This, for some miles, was subterranean. licking up pools of water, sweeping around The lava at first found vent in chambers and and over hills, bearing immense rocks, boulducts under the south bank of the crater, a ders and masses of earth upon its bosom, and thousand feet below the surface of the coun- finally pouring over a precipice some thirty try—in their dark passage, cracking and feet high into the ocean in a sheet of fire rending the superincumbent strata and throw- one mile broad ! The scene baffles descriping up puffs of smoke and jets of sand along tion. the line of the flow, until at length the obThe ocean boiled intensely and the waters structed fusia burst forth in a sea of fire and were heated and fishes killed for twenty rolled down to the ocean in the districtofKau. miles along the coast. The explosion of This stream is from one to four miles wide, rocks, the shivering of lava, the detonation about twenty-five long, and varying in depth of gases, the smoke, the sulphur, the gyratirorri five to one hundred feet and more. The ing clouds of steam, the dark volumes of angle of descent is about 2 ° The igneous smoke, the flashes and gleamings of lurid . 18 ti 6. light conflicting with darkness, and the confused rape of the elements, formed a. scene of awful sublimity. For three weeks this river of fiery ruin flowed into the sea, push- ing out the const line, and raising large mounds of tufa and sand, which towered from two to three hundred feet above the water. The stream fell into the ocean in the district of Puna, nearly twenty miles from the town of Hilo, and during its flow all communication between the people on the opposite of the igneous river was intercepted. All eastern Hawaii was lighted up at night, and the scene resembled a burning firmament. Many of the natives gazed upon it with little emotion, while others were struck as if the final conflagration of all things had commenced. The length of the stream, above and lielow ground, is estimated at thirty-nine miles. It is from one to three miles wide, and of unequal depths, say from four feet on the margin to one hundred, two hundred or three hundred in basins and central channels. The subsidence of the lava in the crater of Kilauea was four hundred feet, and from this it has been estimated, by Prof. Dana, that the amount of the disgorged lava was 15,400,000,000 cubic feet. A few small villages and some cultivated patches were destroyed, but no lives were lost. A few small villages and some cultivated patches were destroyed, but no lives were lost. After a lapse of twenty-five years hot stea,m and gases are still rising at many points along the line of eruption. The depth of Kilauea, after this depletion, was more than a thousand feet. In some places the walls were smooth and perpendicular, in others jagged and beetling. At some points immense masses of toppling debris lay against the walls, from the base to the top, on angles of 60 to 80 degrees. For a long time it was thought to be impossible to descend to the bottom of the crater, but the writer at length, with difficulty and peril, reached the floor of the abyss, no one venturing to accompany him. The great cauldron of fusia, called Halemaumau, was found to be in feeble action, and the forces which had, for so long a time, startled and astonished beholders, seemed in a state of rest or exhaustion. Through 1841-2 the action was feeble, but gradually increasing. In 1843 action became more intense. Overflowings of the fiery lake spread large deposits over the bottom of the crater. Uplifting forces—such as gases, steam and the gradual rising of the fusia from below— elevated the superincumbent strata, so that in 1844 the crater had nearly regained all it had lost by the eruption of 1840. At the present time all thecentral portion is elevated 500 to 600 feet above the point to which it fell during the eruption. Since 1840 there have been no discharges of lava from Kilauea, either subterranean or subaerial, though there have been boilings, and gushings, and overflowings, and many fiery demonstrations within its walls. A pit 600 feet deep, and two to three miles in diameter, furnishes an area sufficient for pyrotechnical displays on a scale of great grandeur. And such are often witnessed in this wonderful laboratory. The great lake of fire, sometimes enlarged to half a mile in diameter, mutters, boils, surges, rages, and throws up spiteful splashes and fierce jets of �11 1 II E FRIEND, FEBRUARY, 1866. ; .sometimes the rocky walls of the pit are lent and the awful flood, bursting its adamantine barrier.!, pours forth u sea of fiery ruin, covering an area of two or three square miles, and sending up a radiance which lights the heavens and hangs like a burning cloud from the firmament. Hot sulphurous steam often fills the atmosphere, hissing cones rise and disappear, the roofs ol vast fiery caverns fall in, extended fissures open, and streams of igneous lava gush up. Avalanches of rocks and earth fall from the high, circumvallating walls with thundering roar ; pits of liquid fire open and rage at numerous points in the bottom of the crater, and for a season all the infernal forges of Pluto seem in full blast. I have seen eighty to a hundred points of action in the bottom of Kilauea at one time. Anon, all will be comparatively quiet for months, or for years. The old mother-lake babbles sluggishly ; her circumference contracts ; her sanguinary bosom is nearly covered with a black and hardened pall, under which it beats feebly; here and there the lire shines up through a crevice, or a few jets are thrown out against the walls. Her satellites are all obscured ; her glowing furnaces extinguished; ferns and other plants shoot up in bottom of the crater, and men begin to predict that the extinction of this amazing fire-fountain is near. Again we are startled by sights and sounds, and by such vivid demonstrations as arouse all the powers of the spectator, and fix his attention with resistless interest. The great lake once lifted the superincumbent strata of solid lava, and formed over herself a rock-roof, or dome, sdme two miles in circumference and 200 feet high, with a single aperture in the apex of about 100 feet in diameter, down which the spectator looked, as into a shaft, and saw and heard the fiery billows raging 150 feet below incandescent fusia him. Afterwards this whole dome fell in, forming a great depression or basin, and bringing the fire lake tn the surface. Sometimes the lake rises very gradually Aid overflows its rim—the overflowing stratum hardening at once, like water freezing around the mouth of a well. By repeated overflowings of this kind the surrounding rim of the lake is raised from ten to twenty feet above the general floor of the crater, and, as the fusia is constantly rising within the rim and serving t0 form it, the whole lake of fire, half a mile it may be in diameter, is thus elevated above the surrounding area where it boils and rages above the head of the amazed spectator, until at length the lateral pressure becomes so great or the action so fierce as to burst the barrier and flow off in a sea of lire, covering three or four square miles with its molten wave, and lighting up the heavens with its lurid glare and forming ■ scene of terrible sublimity. But we must leave Kilauea, though a tenth ol its wonders have not been told, and glance at a few outside eruptions ; and, first, Kritplioli on Miiuiis I lint, .fiiiiimry l(>, 18 13. Near daybreak of the above date, a twinkle, like that of a lamp or a small star, was seen near the summit of the mountain. The light increased rapidly, and in an hour floods of liquid fire were spreading over those high regions and beginning to rush down the side of the mountain towards, the north. The light rose high in the firmament, and a splendid radiance spread over all the summit of the mountain. In a day or two the burning river had reached the northern base of the of the infernal regions. This eruption spent itself on the higher regions of the island and never reached the sea. It covered a superficial area of about sixty square miles. mountain, while a branch of the stream shot I'. in|»i ion on Ma iinft 1.1111. I'YbriKi ry off to the westward towards Kona, and a This eruption commenced near second branch flowed northwest towards Wnimea. With a congenial companion, and several native helpers and guides, I was soon on my way to the scene of eruption. Our path, for twenty-five miles;, was up the bed of a rapid stream, full of beautiful and noisy cascades, and leading through a dense jungle and forest, and without a human habitation or a domestic animal in all the route. The scene was wild and romantic—the flora was tropical and of wonderful luxuriance. The consisted of wild cattle, wild dogs, fauna wild hogs and wild birds and insects. We slept two nights in the deep forest, listening to the roar of the cascades, the music of the rills, the chirp of insects and the bark of wild dogs. On the third day we emerged from the jungle, and, after traveling some fifteen miles over rocky fields and grass plains, we came at night to the foot of the great trunk of the igneous river, near the base of Mauna Kea, and about twenty miles from the terminal crater of Mauna Loa. The stream was nearly a mile wide, and it was creeping slowly over the plains, its upper suface blackening and hardening rapidly by the reduction of heat caused by contact with the atmosphere. From under this indurated crust the viscid fusia flowed out, forming an irradiating line of fifty yards in breadth across the whole width of the stream. Here, and at lateral gulches along the margin of the river, and at numerous pools, which broke throagh the hardened stratum which covered like ice the flowing fusia, we could dip up any quantity of the igneous minerals, and cool and preserve them. We spent the first two nights and a day on the high plains between the bases of Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa, in close proximity to the great molten sea which was spreading over all that region. On the next day we ascended the mountain, following the stream up to its great terminal furnace, about 13,000 feet high. In going up we walked over the solidified surface of the stream —now on the left, now on the right margin, crossing and recrossing as safety, convenience, speed and curiosity dictated. In passing up upon the solidified surface or counterpane of the stream numerous fissures and orifices, like cracks and holes in ice, opened down to the fiery stream below. Through these apertures we could look down the depth of from twenty to one hundred feet, and see the incandescent river of fire rushing down the steep side of the mountain in a smooth, vitrified fire-duct, at the rate of forty miles an tour, directly under our feet. When this fusia first began to flow down the mountain, and before the surface refrigerated, it spread out to the breadth of three miles, but alter it was covered and protected by the hardened crust it was confined to dykes and deep channels, which were cut by its own heat and motion. To look into the very bowels of the mountain and witness this stream of fire and brimstone, as it rushed along its awful track, was a scene of startling and amazing interest. It if one had had a vision i -<>» I KfVJ. the summit of the mountain and only five or six miles southeast of the eruption of 1843. For two days, this sumniit-cratcr sent down its burning floods along the norlh-eastcrn slope of the mountain; then suddenly the valve closed and the great furnace apparently ceased blast. After thirty-six hours the fusia was seen bursting out of the eastern side of the mountain, about midway from the top to the base. It would seem that the summit lava had found a subterranean tunnel for half the way down the mountain, when coming to a weak point or meeting with some obstruction, it burst up vertically, sending a column of incandescent fusia a thousand feet high into the air. This fire-jet was about one hundred feet in diameter, and it was sustained for twenty days and nights, varying in hight from 500 to 1,000 feet. The disgorgement from the mountain side was often with terrific explosions which shook the hills, and with detonations which were heard for forty miles. This column of liquid fire was an object of surpassing brilliancy, of intense and awful grandeur. As the jet issued from the awful orifice it was at white heat. As it ascended higher and higher it reddened like fresh blood, deepening its color until, in its descent, much of it assumed the color of clotted gore. In a few days it had raised a cone some three hundred feet high around the burning orifice, and, as the showers of burning minerals fell in livid torrents upon the cone,it became one vast heap of glowing coals, flashing and quivering with restless action, and sending out the heat of ten thousand furnaces in intense blast. The struggles in disgorging the fiery masses, the upward rush of the column, (he force which raised it thousand vertical feet, and the continuous falling back of thousands of tons of mineral a fusia into the burning throat of the crater and over a cone of glowing minerals, one mile in circumference, was a sight to inspire awe and terror, attended with explosive shocks which seemed to rend the mural ribs of the mountain and sounds to wake the dead and startle the spirits in Hades. From this fountain a river of fire went rushing and leaping down the mountain with amazing velocity, filling up basins and ravines, dashing over precipices and exploding rocks until it reached the forests at the base of the mountain, where it burnt its fiery way, consuming the jungle, evaporating the water of streams and pools, cutting down the trees and sending up clouds of smoke and steam in murky columns or fleecy wreaths to heaven. All Eastern Hawaii was a sheen of light, and our night was turned into day. So great was the illumination at night that one could read without a lamp, and labor, traveling and recreation might go on as in the day time. Mariners at sea saw the light at two hundred miles distance. It was a pyrotechnical disrlay more magnificent and marvelous than was ever made by an earthly monarch. Concluded on psje li �12 I II ft riMh.Nl>. FEBRUARY, narrowly this people the which is now seen doom escaped general FEBRUARY I, 1868. to have overtaken the aboriginal inhabitants of other groups of Polynesia. There have The War is New Zealand—The war of races in New Zealand still goes on with unabated vigor, as it been crises when it seemed as if they must always does wherever Anglo Saxons oome into colgo, and their independent nationality be lost. lision witb men guilty of a tawny skin. In their own country the brave, intelligent, and warlike We need but refer to the events of 1839, Maories have no friends among the white population; 1543, and to others which might be cited. bat in England, where their lands are not so immediately coveted, their cause has been token up by the According to our view, three fundamental Society for the Protection of Aboriginal Raoes." principles have been successfully adopted in " officers of this Society have written to ihc MaoTbe ries, advising them not to sell their lands to the the administration of the affairs of this GovEoglith settlers, sh their titles are as valid as those ernment which have led to the happy results of the Dukes of Bedford or Northumberland to their immense estates. But this doctrine finds little sup- now to be witnessed port. It is especially denounced by the London 1. The native government has been upTimes as destructive of colonization, which says that tbe only title the Maories have to their lands is tbe held, and foreigners, when admitted to partifaot that many years ago they killed and devoured cipate in governmental and political affairs, Ibe former occupants. It is diffiult to sec how they could have a better or clearer tille. In swallowing were required to take the oath of allegiance. tbe proprietors tbey may be said to have appro2. When the feudal tcnureship of laud priated all their rights and interests in the lands; from the King and Chiefs, the compassed and oertainly there is little danger of tho former owner) returning to press their claims. This primi- mon native was secured in his kuleana " tive bat effectual way of conveyanoing strikes the London Times with horror; that journal maintains ho became a bona fide land-owner. The the right of the Anglo-Saxon to displace all inferior common native was also allowed to enjoy raoes in the interests of trade and civilization; and as this is also the prevailing sentiment iv England, the right of suffrage, and other civil and we presume the finest and most intelligent race in the political rights, without regard to his propSouth Pacific—a race capable of a high grade of civilization—is doomed to extinction.— Exchangepaper. erty qualifications. He was treated as a The sbove paragraph presents a most un- man, and we fail to see any bad results from desirable state of civil, social and political such treatment. 3. Foreigners have not only been permitaffairs in another part of Polynesia. In his habits, customs, character, language and ted or tolerated in the country, but allowed manner of life the New Zealander strikingly to own land and enjoy the same civil rights resembles his Hawaiian cousin. He belongs as the natives of the soil. There has been to the same family group with the Samoan, political, religious and civil equality. Tahitian, Marquesan and Hawaiian. His We might also refer to the general diffudoom appears to be sealed, but he says: "If sion of knowledge—establishment of schools I must go to the wall, I'll go facing my ene- and of churches. We arc not unmindful mies, with weapons in my hands." It would of the principle enunciated by Kamehameha appear that there are those in England who 111., which has become the national motto strongly protest against the treatment which "Ua mau ke ea oka aina i pono." (The the New Zealander is receiving from the life of the land is perpetuated by righteousness, or through right.) British Government. In closing our remarks, we would merely We desire our readers to survey carefully the state of the aboriginal Polynesian races refer to one other fact lhat has had a strong in New Zealand, Fejeean, Samoan, Tongan, conservative influence. American MissionTahitian and Hawaiian islands. Note this aries have always felt that the benign infa:t, that in no part of all the widely ex- fluence of Christianity among Hawaiians tended regions of Polynesia does the Anglo- would be most happily carried out by the Saxon take off his /tat to an aboriginal Chief perpetuation of Hawaiian Independence. except upon Hawaiian soil. This is a most This idea has been embodied in their consignificant fact. Now it is well worthy of stant prayers to heaven for this people. It is the thoughtful reader's attention to stop a not for man to say how far Hawaiian Indemoment and enquire into the reasons for this pendence may be in answer to prayer, acremarkable fact—singular political phenom- companied by the earnest efforts of the friends enon! Here, where Americans—Republican of this people. In view of all these facts, and Democratic Americans—have settled as how superlatively absurd for the Hawaiian Missionaries and merchants, planters and Consul —Mr. Hopkins—in London, or the mechanics, here the aboriginal race is pro- Bishop of Oxford, or any other Bishop, to tected and secured in its rights; whereas, in proclaim the American Mission to these other parts of Polynesia, where European islands a failure." Hawaiian Independ" Missionaries and settlers have taken up their ence is, undoubtedly, one of its results. abode, the native ofthe soil is told in the lanThis is a subject which is yet to attract, of the London Times, that he belongs more and more, the attention of thoughtful ■n inferior race and must retire, if un- minds. /The Hawaiian nation is great bypohng, then by force—" vi et armis." sition. Our islands arc a most favored part of Pereous unacquainted with Hawaiian his- the world. Hitherto different races have THE FRIEND, Tory are not aware how : " — — lige 1866. here dwelt together in peace and harmony. We shall continue to do so, in our confident belief, if we continue to treat man as man, irrespective of color or nice ; but a war will come when the wicked doctrines of the London Times are allowed to prevail, and the Anglo-Saxon is allowed to disp'ace an inferior race in the interests of trade and civilization. "Our foreign people wish me to continue to preach to them. Can I bear tho strain ? I can do all things through Christ." Ac. We copy the foregoing paragraph from a letter recently received from a Missionary, located at one of those stations on the island;, where the foreign population is upon the increase. We know that Missionaries are always ready to assist in keeping up religious services in English, but, having large parish-_ es, the tax is somewhat onerous. The question arises, has not the time fully come for Sugar Planters and others, residing at Wailuku, Hilo, Kona, Hanalei, and perhaps elsewhere, to take up the subject in serious earnest to supply English preachers for the growing population? Such enterprises will require an outlay of funds at the beginning, and then need to be constantly fostered and supported. We believe the Hawaiian Evangelical Association would readily assist in enterprises of this nature, but the well disposed monied men at those localities ought to take the initiative steps and come forward with liberal subscriptions, accompanying such subscriptions with pledges of what they are willing to do in the future. Now is the time for those looking to the future welfare of the foreign population of these islands, to " devise liberal things," and act out a true-hearted generosity. No, we will not denominate the support of the gospel and gospel ministry a generosity, it is#a solemn duty devolving upon those who look to the welfare of the community and the interests of religion. Large property holders should realize that they have more than an individual responsibility in this matter. Now is the time to consider the subject and act accordingly. All may help in promoting it. In the meantime, where there are even a few foreigner! l, let them come together and hold religious, services upon the Sabbath. New "Morning Star."—Letters received from the Mission House, Boston, per Ajax, announce that this vessel will not be ready for sailing until on or about the Ist of October. This, however, will afford her a favorable season for doubling Cape Horn. The Missionary Society is authorized to charter a vessel, if necessary, to visit the Mission Stations in Micronesia. Donation.—In our last issue the Bethel was reported in debt, $29 62. A friend (S. P.) has forwarded $30 to liquidate the same. Many thank*. �I II I. The Pacific Cod-Fishery. generally known that fishing grounds have been discovered in the Pacific quite as extensive, and, if anything, more prolific and inexhaustible than those on the Banks of Newfoundland. But such is the fact, and to Captain Mathew Turner is due the credit of inaugurating the lucrative trade which now flourishes between these It is not as yet - 1866. rßinii. FEBRUARY, Most Inexcusable Ignorance. •' Look on thin picture, then on thut. '— Shakespeare. The following remarks were made by the Bishop of Oxford at " one of the largest and most fashionable audiences that has ever assembled at the Victoria Hall, in Leeds, England —Queen Emma, Rev. J. Hoapili, and many dignitaries of the Church being ' rjresent: / "The means of livelihood in these (the Hawaiian Islands) distant islands arc abundant, but then life is supported almost upon nothing. The mere growth of a single plant is enough to maintain a man in all that is necessary for his physical wants. It is with them as we might expect it would be ; they have a very poor country. They did export the native grown sandal wood, but the sandal forests have been almost entirely cut down, and there is no exports now. Since the cessation of that trade there has been next to no export, and, therefore, next to no imported wealth in the islands. They are, therefore, as far as regards silver and gold and the like, a poor people, and they cannot raise a sufficient sum of money at home to build their first Churches, and to plant among their people the first Missionaries of our Christian faith. Therefore, we must send them the help if the work is to be done." Having read the foregoing, we desire our readers will peruse with care the following grounds and San Francisco. In the spring of 1863, Capt. Turner, in the brig Timandra, made an experimental trip in search of codfish, and, although only partially prepared, he met with sufficient success to induce him, the next season, to fit himself out with everything necessary for entering into the business in a regular way. This time his success was complete. He filled his vessel, taking more than one hundred tons of fish, which brought from 12 to 16cents per pound in the San Francisco market. Two other vessels were fitted out at the same time, but did not succeed in finding the right spot, and returned with a few tons only. Last season, however, seven vessels were fitted out from San Francisco. They sailed from that port about the last of April, and returned during the month of September—every one full. Their united cargoes amounted to at least statistics: five hundred tons, and, at the price averaged From the last issue of the government (12 cents per pound), would bring, in round paper, the Hawaiian Gazette, published Satnumbers, $120,000. The minimum price, urday, Jan 27th, we copy the following stawhen all the vessels were in port, was 11 tistics relating to the imports and exports for cents per pound ; and when the Smyrniote ;1865: left San Francisco, about six weeks ago, the IMPORTS. faliic of goods having paid duly. - $1,220,937 77 price had advanced again to 13 cents, and It Honolulu goods in bond, 489,964 d9 the probability is that the fish will all be Lt Honolulu imported free of duty.- 204,997 14 Honolulu imp'd at I.alumni duty consumed long before the next season's catch Itpaid, 2,542 22 arrive, not a has been Lt Honolulu although pound 1,946 70 imp'd at Lahaina tree. shall Lt Honolulu Imp'd at Hilo dntyp'd, 11.391 18 seen, be Thus, it that alwill exported. It Honolulu imp'd at Hilo free, 3.963 .VI M N though the fleet in this trade be doubled, or Lt Honolulu imp'd at Kinvailutcp'd. Kawaihae live MM 87 even trebled, there will still be a market for Lt Honolulu imp'd at all, and for a long time the business must be Total. Sl,946.26;> 68 jast year total imports were in value 1.712,241 (17 one of extraordinary profit to those engaged - in it. Showing an excess over last year of $234.024 01 BXFORTB. The Pacific codfish arc of an excellent Value foreign goods exported, • 5 287.04;> 73 sweet —and without —fresh and the quality Value domestic goods exported. - 1.130.211 82 offensive odor of the Eastern fish which Value domestic goods furnished as supplies, fl 1,000 00 have made the voyage around the Horn, Total. $1,808,157 id and a great many of which are of a very uncertain age when shipped. We speak ad- j HAL AM> KMONAL PBOreBTT til HAWAIIAN KIKODOJf. real estate. no - m.:s:i:j..->82 visedly with regard to the quality of the Total Total personal property, :S.li<!3.122 00 is several fish, for, it years although Pacific Total, - S7.996.701 III) since we met our friend Capt. Turner, he has The Custom House receipts for 1865 were sent us a package of them, for which we would here take occasion to thank him 5192,5«6 63. and to assure him that, although we ■ are Aside from all sectarian and religious much pleased at the receipt of it, the thought considerations, we do think His Majesty that he bears us in remembrance is still more should instruct the proper officers of his gratifying. Kingdom to furnish the Hawaiian Consul in of distribution The London with a truthful statement respecting gratuitous For Gelett, Rev. the financial condition of this Kingdom, and $10; T. From Capt. Friend : Coan, $5 ; Mrs. Sinclair,of Niihau,sS, and that he be instructed to cause the same to be I published in the leading papers of England. 1 Hcninrwrll Estl Boiloil. $10. 13 It is most lamentable that a Bishop of the Church of England should appear before the English people with such barefaced misrepresentations. If we should know an American Bishop or clergyman to be guilty of such flagrant departures from facts and figures, in appealing for funds, we should say that he should be silenced instanter and deposed from the ministry. In conclusion, we would merely add that, poor as Hawaiians may be, they have built, during the last quarter of a century, Church edifices the estimated value of which is from $150,000 to $200,000. These-are exclusive of Catholic Churches and Chapels. But it is utterly useless to argue this point with our readers. Sale of Mr. Wyllie's Library.—The sale of about one thousand volumes of this valuable library took place at Cole's Auction Room, on the evening of the 23d ult. The books sold at fair prices, and some quite high. The total amount realized was about $1,300. Most of the books, we nre glad to know, arc scattered abroad among foreigners on tho islands. Some have regretted that the library should be scattered, but it speaks well for our community that these books are distributed and to be read by many more than would ever have perused them had they remained together. Our people read and prize good books. We are of the opinion that there is as much reading among the foreign community here as among the same number of people in any other part of the world. Books, we also are of opinion, are the very cheapest ornamental furniture with which any one can adorn his house. Good and substantial furniture, with plenty of books, furnish a dwelling far more elegantly than costly furniture and no books—except a few yellow covered novels! Children had better spend their money for books than toys and candy ; young men had far better dispense with wine and segars than with a good library, while good books and old age are most admirable companions. Musical Concert.—Just as our paper was going to press we noticed hand billsannouncing that Madame Bishop would give a grand concert at the Court House. We need not commend to the people of Honolulu the musical talents of this lady —so well and favorably known in Europe and America. We think " the lovers of song," by patronizing her concert, will be amply repaid. Books Missing.—Guthrie's Sermons on Ezekiel; Hawaiian Islands, by Miss Anderson j General Miller's Memoirs, 2d volume —from the library of Mr. Wyllie. Any person having these books in their possession �TII X IRI X N I), Fi:BRI A R Y 14 |Colicla<Ml from psffr ll] In the day time the atmosphere, for thousands of square miles, would be filled with a murky hHze, through which the sunbeams shed a pale and sickly light. Smoke, steam, gases, ashes, cinders—furnace and capillary or filamentous vitrifactions called I'ele's hair—floated in the uir, sometimes spreading out like a fan, sometimes careering in sw,lt currents upon the wind, or gyrating in everehanging colors in the fitful breezes. The point from which the lire-fountain issued is 10,000 feet above the level of the sea, thus making the igneous pillar :i distinct object of observation along 'the whole eastern coast of Hawaii. During the eruption the writer made an excursion to its source. After three days of hard' struggle in the jungle and over fields, ridges and hills of bristling scoria, he arrived near sunset at the scene of action. All night long ho stood as near to the glowing pillar as the vehement heat would allow, listening to the startling explosions and the awful roar of the molten column as it rushed upwards a thousand feet and fell back in a fiery avalanche which made the mountain tremble. It was such a scene as few mortals ever witnessed. There was no sleep for the spectator. The fierce, red glare, the subterranean mutterings and strugglings, the rapid explosions of gases, the rush and roar, the sudden and startling bursts as of crashing thunder —all, all were awe-inspiring, and all combined to render the scene one of indescribable brilliancy and of terrible sublimity. The'river of fire from this fountain flowed about thirty-five miles and stopped within ten miles of Hilo. Had the fountain played twenty days longer it would, probably, have reached the shore. Eruption »< Minima Lost, Annual. 18ftS. This eruption, though less noisy and demonstrative than the former, exceeded in magnitude and duration any eruption during the present generation. The stream, including its windings, maybe sixty miles long and varying in oreadth from one to three miles. The depth of the deposits is, of course, unequal, ranging from five to two hundred feet. The point of eruption is about 12,000feet high, and neurly mid-way between the eruptions of 1843 and 1852. The stream mil nearly parallel with that of 1852, and in some places not more than two or three miles from it. The fusia issued from immense rents near the summit of the mountain and extending far several miles down its north-eastern slope. The duration of the eruption wus fifteen months. The igneous matter was first vomited upon the surface of the mountain, whence it rushed rapidly down to the plains and forests below. At length, as in other eruptions, the surface of the stream solidified, forming ■ covering and protection to the fusia which, like a river frozen over, continued to flow beneath. The writer visited this eruption some twenty times, exploring it all the way from its high source on the mountain to its terminus, five miles from the shores of Hilo. He spent days and nights on the refrigerated part of its surface and along its irregular margins ; noting its progress through a dense forest of twenty-five miles—boiling his teakettle and toasting bread and ham over its , 18 66. mineral (ires. I once spent a cold and rainy times immense boulders, EprUssded with night on its margin without shelter, warm- chrysolites, are raised from unknown depths ing myself by its beat, and watching its open and deposited in heaps and ridges upon tli'" channels, its boiling pools, its jots and its la- cooled surface of a lava stream. These are teral and vertical gushing of fusia until morn- very cotnpnet, as if cooled under great presing. In my position 1 could command n sure. Some of them have a metallic apview of ten square miles of the river, witness pearance and give out a ringing sound when its thousand thousand glowing points of struck with the hammer. The volcanic caverns abound with beautifusia, listen to the sound of fulling trees and see numerous bonfires ol consuming forest ful and multiform stalactites and stalagmites —often tubular and vermiform, sometimes and jungle. On other occasions 1 would sit all night ferruginous in appearance and often iiic-riistgazing upon the molten stream ;is it pushed ed with the most delicate crystalline salts. Pumice of an imperfect character is proits way down some deep and precipitous water channel, leaping down cataracts, plung- duced in moderate quantities. Obsidian is ing into deep basins of water from twenty to sometimes found. Vitresceut filaments, callforty feet deep, throwing the aqueous flood ed Pele's hair, are abundant. This hair-lik<into intense ebullition and sending it all up substance is spun by the shivering of melted in fleecy wreaths of vapor towards heaven. lava ejected suddenly into the air or thrown Some of those scenes were of indescribable against the craggy walls of the volcano. interest, and, as the burning stream ap- Some of these capilliform vitriftietions inea.proached to ten and five miles of Hilo, mul- ure a yard in length, but the more common titudes of people visited it. For fifteen long measure from four to six inches. It hangs months the inhabitants of this town watched in masses and festoons from the crags of the with deepening interest the progress of the craters like swingling-tow around a flaxdevouring flood. Its course was direct for the town and harbor, and its breadth insured the burial of both should its steady and relentless progress not be arrested. Mercifully the fusia ceased to progress seaward when only five miles from the shore, and, although the great terminal fountain continued to send down its burning floods, the lava was so obstructed in its long course as to be thrown out laterally and vertically and deposited in heaps and ridges and capes along the flow, without reaching its terminus. Thus Hilo was saved from a fiery tomb, and we were culled upon to render thanks to the Lord for this merciful de- liverance. Eruption of January, INSII. dresser's barn. Some of the filaments are. exceedingly fine and light, and they are often floated in the atmosphere and carried in currents of wind to the distance of ono hundred miles. Of salts, sulphur and sulphate of lime arc most abundant. Sulphate of alumina, of ammonia and of copper arc found in moderate quantities. Chloride of sodium and glauhcr salts are found in caves. Oxyde of iron is abundant. Of copper less. Silicious deposits are sometimes found. The foregoing is a very incomplete history of Hawaiian volcanoes during the last fortytwo years. Many other eruptions of lesser note have occurred during this period, but the limits of this article exclude them. This is the latest outburst from our great Or the Eruption* volcanic mountain. The first point of this Noticed in this pfiper, B mere epitome has eruption was high on the northern part of been given. An extended and full presentathe mountain, and northwest from the three tion of the facts would require a volume of last named eruptions. At first the lava several huudred pages. flowed north and was seen on tbe eastern and Hilo, Hawaii, Bth Sept., 1886, northeastern shores of Hawaii. Soon, however, this upper furnace ceased its subaenal action, and the igneous stream passed down in subterranean channels, opening fissures on the northwestern slope iind descending rapidly to the sea in North Kona, reaching the shore in eight days. The scenes witnessed in this flow were vivid and thrilling. The igneous stream Igaped precipices, rushed along tunnels, sometimes on the surface and now and then .spouting up jets of great beauty and brilliancy. The eruption was quite accessible and it was visited by large and numerous parties of ladies and gentlemen, lt lias also been so often described in public papers that a narrative on our part would be superfluous. ProilnclM of lliiwiiilnn Volriinoc.. Of theso I need say only a word. The lava, minerals and stilts have ban examined, analysed and described by Professors Dana, Silliman, and many other savans. Most of the deposits of our eruptions consist of palioehoe—a comparatively smooth lava, either compact or'vesicular and cellular—and aa, an exceedingly rough and pointed slag. The rocks forming the outer walls of our craters are basaltic, and often very compact. Some- Almost daily we are applied to for information formation respecting seamen and others who have Wandered away from home and will not keep their friends and relatives informed of their whereabouts, As an incentive to urge upon all such wandering rovers, upon land and MB, the importance of keeping their friends posted up, we Would state the fact that, baring succeeded in opening up communication between one such arid bis friends, it affords us pleasure to inform bin that "an estate worth, at least, $10,000," awaits bis return. He litis been absent some fourteen years. The Friend found nut this man. Now we would earnestly entreat all teamen and others, absent from home, not to fail in writing every time they visit Honolulu, or any port where they can send letters. At the Sailors' Home you will find " pens, ink and paper," gratis, and if you have no money to pay the postage, come and we will furniih stamps. �mm; iv I I■; ,\ l), rRIRI A R V, ADVERTISEMENTS. PLW OACEFS ORSHIP. ADVERTISEMENTS. •I'sMKN'S llr.TilKi. Itev 8 C Damon Chaplain-Klug fin.,.l, nedr Uss Eillßia' bmbbw. rc.n. hing at II A. M. J. B. iTUrfll-'V MM •. tOOtti y,i, FrSB BatßlßsSfl IewSEJ itft-T tie- In.irinlig servii**. AMI N. CA-ITI.K. Prayer meeting ..el Wc.ln-rtd.-iy sveningfl :it 7<i o'clock. CASTLE & U.S. laßßsth Sahsal or Bible Class f'.r MrsßsrS at 0) QtMtftl MtTflitinU in Mo- Kir<-].n»>f ftsM, Kinp Strrrot, r>|>,MV cluck I iI.ImCIi EtSEaBBf. nitr tin' S Jtniril'i Chllp' I FORT ITeVSR C'FII 111 ll—Corner of Fort and Bi-rrlauia Ai.so ai;kms for strc.-t-i~U.-v. X, I'urwin PaasOC. IV. .u't.ini.* no tnici.i cy* :it Dr. .luync'* (Vlfhr:ii'-'l t'-unily M''«lirin««, II A. M.:in.i 7! P. K. eWibbse Ist I cit 10 A. M. Wlk.-i.t a- Wlboa*. to*In* Mrit-liiiM's, ■TOlvl iMirili'il-Kin ? street, sbshbi bee Pslsbb Isv. 11. B. TbC K'-lillti Ni.'iir *'"in|..niy. I'lrk.r Fastor. eVrvkssi m Bawaltso. every SnßsSs/at tj The New Buflaod Mntiiril Lift Insunince Cum,-any, A. 11, unci:; p, 11. Tins N'-v sfort. lMiiiii\ .Marini' [iMWMM i'mnpany. CATIIOI.U: ('II tlllCll—Fort street, Mag Heretaiiin—under Tin- V-w York Sri unly .Murini' Itisiirunct: Coinpuny. of lv. Bar. Bhksa Hsurrst, ssslwes by Hot, 603-ly tbscbarfc Plans t-'.iiehr,. Ivice. cv. ry Sun.l.iy ..t 10 A.M. uml I'M. FMITII'jJ CIIL'KCII lleret.mia street, near Nuncum street— Itev. Lowell ifnnih Pattor. bWtbbel in Hawaiian every y.au lay ot 10 A. M. and 2J P. M. RtFOSMSO CATHOLIC ClU'llOH—Corner of Kilkul and AGENTS* lOR Noaaon streets, aadar idusrfß of lv. li.v. IvtEwop Bulbf, asiiMte.l by Itev. Meisri. ll.botß.tn, IsalEtgbsr and Hiking- • tea. Knijlish service every ScuM at 11 A. M. and 7* P M. SAILOR'S HOME! COOKE, ~ - — tons EBBSWBESBEBESG .BJesBH"" ''■■|."*.. Wt—JlßmrwHl offlßni|li'lllllllffiFll'llllllCl ffiF COOKE, -^fc BBSBI Wheeler & Wilson's ~- SEWING MACHINES! ADVERTISEaVCEIs'TS. 11. «'. SKVKRANI * CASTLE 15 186 |. ,1 aMATIIIXE HAS AM.THK [aATIWT j I riMUS wan j OflioorH' ft iin|>Hivi'itinit:i, mill, hi X, A.XJ aTlONiam*.. AND COMMISSION MERCHANT, ' :i,Milinu to former i-n-QiiuuiH, tulilo, prlM iii»<ivp all KumjuMii ami American iiwfliilid Sewing Mfirhiuertntthf World-i KxhiMUon in I'AKltf In 1861, jjSeaineuß' ilo. uml al tin' Exhibition in London hi iv.: .'lie evidence of the superiority <>f 11*.-*>Murium' il I im«l in th** rword at lv Halon. In 1861— quekn mm, Honolulu. Tin- OfOfff k Uaki'r OompMiy. ■taton, 477-ly Will continuebusiness at the new stand, The Florence Coaipaiiy, Musaacliu'wUi. The l'urkrr Ciiiiipaiiy, ('..niieoUai., .1. M. Singer if Cn., New York, J. 11. COLE, Kiuklr k Lyon, " AUOTIONBEH, Chan. W. Howlinid, ,>elnwaT'\ (f;cc!Ci:S.-COR TO A. P. KVKKRTT.) Jfc Co., t'itichniiiti, 0.. M. 476-ly N.S. C. IVrkitiP, Norwalk, 0., Al his Isle rnoins, Quern Street. WttMQ H. Smith. Connecticut, old 18,5f10, whilntthi) Wheeler -V Wilvhi Company, or Bridge i>ft. J. JIOTT SMITH, niatle and sold 19,726 during the •ame period. ort, DUIVTIST. ] ,' I'lniNi* •trail nll I Kxiniilnr. 11 (I 469-ly i)IH.» mtSMT of Fort und Hotel Streets. Fire-proof Store, Roliinxon's Kiiiliiiiie, " with lodging, per week,. 86 6 do. do. do. Shower llntlis on tin- Premises. Mr. mill Mrs. MM.I.Kit, Honolulu, April I, 1866. Managers. W. A. AILRICH. Commission Merchant AID -f^uQtioiieers, PHYSICIAN fc SURGEON, HILO, HAWAII, S. I. MM and 300 Calltornla Street, CEO. W. VOLLUM, BOOK-BINDER, C. 11. WETMORE, M. D. SA.N I IS V\< IM O. ALSO, AOKNTS OF TUB Sail Francisco k Honolulu Packet**. REMOVED TO THE LARGE building In Merchant Btrcct, opposite the Sailor's Home, is prepared to execute all ordsJ.) for binding ItlioKs, Plimphlcts, HAVING N. B.—Medicine Chests carefully replenished at the HILO DIMTf; STORE. 6-tf JOBS MCBACBEE. ALDRICH, MERRILL <V Co., I tEMOVAL! E. HOFFMANN, M. I)., Physician and Surgeon, Makec'sBlock, corner Queen and Kaa 478-ly humanu streets. J. C. MKEEILL, Particular attention given to the sale and purchaie of aer ehanillse, ships' business, supplying whaleships, negotiating exchange. Ac. I,- All freight arriving at San Francisco, by or to the Ho nolulu Line of Packets, will be forwarJcd rass or commission. O* Exchange on Honolulu bought and sold. XH Ac, Ac. —EErBBEEOBS— Attorney nnd Counsellor nt law. Orders from the other Islands should be accompanied with Messrs. C. Is RiciusDS A Co., Honolulu OAIIU COUNKII FORT and MERCHANT St., HONOLULU, particular directions in to the style, and If the work is to •| II Hacepeld A Co., 490-ly sample volume should be bound, match volumes previously a C Bbewer 0.,, C If '-ft sent Willi the job. Bishop A Co m Dr. R. W. Wood, BKOOES, W. FKANE LADD, EDWAHD I. nAI.I.,Ja. DBAS. WOLCOTT Mechanic* Importer and Dealer in llamhwahk, Cijtlebt, Hon. K. 11. ALI.EM, Thou and Aukioultcbal Implements, For street, llono DC. WatkeMAK, Esq., 478-ly 490-ly lulu. A. F. JUDD, G tf Newspapers, Music, Old Books, " W. N. LADD. " CUAS. W. BROOKS k CO., CO.,O.'iieral C. L. RICHARDS &dealers in Chandlers ami Commission Merchants, Mwilhllsillßw> EMS constantly on hand a full assortment of merchandise, for the supply of Whalers and Merchant vessels. 400-ly^ fltip JOHN THOS. WATERHOUSE, Importer and Dealer in General Merchandise. Honolulu, 11. I —RMKKISCBs— SHIPPING AND BIBLE, BOOKand TRACT DEPOSITORY. SAILOR'S HOME, AND TRACTS, in the French, Portuguese, German, Welsh, Swedish and Spanish languages. These books are the Hawaiian Bible and cost for sale, Tract Societies, but Commission Merchants. BIBLES, BOOKS HONOLULU. English, offered prioos, by at PACKET UNE HAWAIIAN furnished AXiKEIVTH FOB THE EanomiifamiiiwisfOsiit GRATUITOUSLY TO SEAMEN. Honolulu His Ex. R. C. Wyllie,. .Hon. B. F. Snow, Esq., Thos. S|ienccr, Esq Hilo Dimomcl A Son, 11. Dickinson, Ksq...Lahnlna Meltuer <V Merrill. San Francisco 11. () ...San Esq., tj Lawton, AT. Brinks F. C. W. OFFICE—.si I tlnEsomr St.,corner Merchnni Field A Rice, New York Toliln, Hr.ii. A Co., " SAN FltA-NCISC*. Wilcov, Hlrhanls A Co It .-i .lulu. " , 3SI-I.V _____ "• VBKRMAN PKCE. " A. I'. CASTES C. BREWER & CO., Commission & Shipping Merchants, II ~i,oluln. OH.hu. 11. I. AUENTS Of iln- ll.wii.il and Honolulu I'nrlo-i Line.' AUENTS For I hi- Milker, W 11iluUn A. liana I'lli inn I iou. AUENTS For ihr I'lin-hns*-nn.l Snlr ol lain ml Produce. HKKK.It TO— New York. Joss M. Himo, Esq ) Cnss. Bbkwkk, A Co. ( Boston. Jaxeslluenewell, Esq. i ' ) J. C. Merrill. A Co. R. B. Bwah A Co. Esq.) Okas. Woi.oott Bbooes, > San Francisco. 496 ly BOUND VOLUMES — FRIKND, FROM 1 546 lo 18J5 For sale by the Publisher-Prlee »l fwr volume, OF bound tofether. THE yolumea for Also, Offioe of The Friend, bound sale. Subscriptions received. on N B.—Seamen belonging to vessels lying by and on," will be supplied with books and papers, the Depository, from 12 to 8 o clock P. M. ATTENTION GIVEN TO calling at 8. C. DAMON, SeamCen's haplain. te and Sale of For. Merchandise; the Purchase,Shipment warding and Transhipment of floods; the Chartering and Hale PARTICULAR of Vessels ; the Supplying of Whaleships; and the Negotiation of Exchange. Kxohange on Honolulu in sums to suit. ADVANCES MADE ON CONSIGNMENTS. Kr.H--.il WALEEB, AU.KS If Co, Honolulu. F. Bsow,Bsq., •' C. Bkkwbb A Co., Bishop Co., Tboh. .Sr«»rnß, Esq Hilo. Ai.i-makd If Co., Kanagawa. 606-lr Besj. * , "" Per order a FR.KBH SUPPLY. BOUND IN NBAT For sale t, A and convenient style. TO jAS.HOE«EWBLLHEq.,BOStOn Hbkrv A. Peiece A Co. lli'Tlke, Sise A Co., Perron A Co.. New York. Wm. 11. Fooa A Co., 11. Food A Co., Uhanghae. M'Ceaebe, Mebeii.i. A 00. Portland, Oregon. " "" READING ROOM, LIBRARY AND DEPOSITORY. OEAMEN AND OTHERS, WISHING O to obtain books from the Sailors* Home Library, will please apply to the Bethel Sexton, who will have charge of the Depository and Reading Room outil further notice. Hawaiian Phrase Books. wrnrntßY. THE FRIEND : A JOURNAL, DEVOTED TO TEMJ PERANCE, SEAMEN, MARINE AND MONTHLY GENERAL INTELLIGENCE, PUBLISHED AND EDITED BT SAMUEL C. DAMON. ... TERMS: One copy, per annum, Two copies, Fi»e copies. " . *iwK J.W **" �TII X IKIK N l» 16 The following lines accidentally fell under our observation in the cabin of the Lancaster, when Captain Davenport informed us that he found them while overhauling the baggage of the pimtes whom he captured at Panama. It will be recollected that the pirates were prepared, under a commission from the "Confederate" government, to fit out privateers in the Pacific. They were taken to San Francisco, and were there tried and sentenced to be hung, but that sentence was subsequently commuted to imprisonment. The leader of the gang is in prison for life. Captain Davenport represents him as a well educated man. The original of these lines was found hanging on a case of skeletons, at the Royal College, London: Linos on a Skeleton. Behold this ruin! 'Twas a skull Once of ethereal spirit full, This narrow cell was life's retreat: This space was thought's mysterious seat. What beauteous visions filled this spot, What dreams of pleasure long forgot. Nor hope, nor joy. nor love, nor fear Have left one trace of record here. Beneath this mouldering canopy Once shone the bright and busy eye: But start not at the dismal void— If social love that eye employed. If with a lawless fire it gleamed. But through the dews of kindness beamed, That eye shall be forever bright When stars and seas are sunk in night. Within this hollow cavern bung Tbe ready, swift and tuneful tongue. If falsehood's honey it disdained, And when It could not praise was chained, If bold in virtue's cause it spoke, Yet gentle concord never broke: This silent tongue shall plead for thee When time unveils eternity. Say, did these fingers delve the mine! Or with the envied rubies shine? To hew the rock or wear the gem Can little now avail to them. But if the page of truth they sought. Or comfort to the mourner brought: These hands a richer meed shall claim Than all that wait on wealth or fame. San Francisco "Call." the passengers by the Ajax came one of the founders and chief editorof that lively sheet. We learn from him that he expects to spend a few months on the islands. We hope he may find his sojourn agreeable, and may the readers of the Call be enlightened by his communications from our shores. of the I V , 186 «. The Ajax.—The long looked for steamer arrived Saturday, January 27th, having made the passnge from San Francisco in fourteen days. During her passage she experienced a severe gale and constant head winds, which accouuts for her long passage. The clipper ship Blue Jacket made the passage a few days previously in ten days. The Ajax is now discharging her cargo, and is advertised to sail on the 10th. Nearly all the staterooms, we learn, are already engaged. The arrival of this steamer has essentially quickened the pulse of life in Honolulu, and should a line become permanently established, we may expect the tide of Hawaiian life will flow much more rapidly. Photography.—Mr. Chase has removed his establishment to the rooms lately occupied by the Messrs. Weed. It is a fine location, and fitted up with much taste and expense. May his success correspond to his liberal outlay. The old stand of Mr. Chase has already an occupant, Mr. Burgess, whose Married.—The reading public Dec. 31—Danish brig- Carl Ludwlg, Callson, Hdays from _F. Jan. 2—Russian hark Nahinoff, Archlraauilriftoft, 34 days from Sitka, with salmon to Hackfeld A Co. 3—Am brig W. D. Rice, Buddington, from San Fran ciaco, via Ililo. 7—Hnw'n brig W. C. Talbot,Dallmann. fm Howland's I 7—Am clip ship Blue Jacket, Dillingham, 14 dys fm S. F Vl— Bremen bark Dodo, Heustman, 80 days from Newcastle, with a cargo of coal, en route for San Francisco, put in for provisions and water. U. 19— 8. 8. Lancaster, Pearson, 80 guns, from Hilo. 27—Am stmr Ajax, Godfrey, 14 days from S. Francisco. "Ike" is have long been acquainted with this member of the Partington family. A sister of " Ike " is now upon a visit to our shores, and makes known this item of domestic news. We are also glad to learn that Mrs. P. is still a member of the corps of editors whose brilliant and witty paragraphs have so long rendered the Boston Evening Gazette a favorite with the reading public. specimen photographs exhibit much artistic skill and taste. MARINE JOURNAL. PORT OF HONOLULU, S. I. ARRIVALS. PASSENGERS. C. Murray, Jan. 3—Mrs McForHull, Mr C Cooks, Capt T Long. Julian, Chas X Smith, Capt B PinParker. Jones, Mr H L A Hawaiian Antiquities.—We are glad to nex, B Frank Bolles, C Louis, Mr Spencer, J 8 Trimble, U T Carr, F Hout, T Alback—lB. learn from the Rev. L. Andrews, author of Webster, From San Fbancisco—per Blue Jackrt, Jan. 7—Mr and Mrs and child, Mr and Mrs Fowler, Mrs Bailey. C H Bailey, the Dictionary, that he is now engaged in Bolten Mr Sissons, Mr Low, Mr Richardson; Mr Sourof, Mr Congden, translating and elaborating a work upon the C C Lapman, Doutherland, II W Potter, Mr Wheelsck—l6. For San Kbaxcisco—per Whistler. Jan. 22—Henry Hayrr, antiquities of the Hawaiian people. The Wiegard, Jas Wilson, C 11 King, J West, Shalarbaum—6. translation is from the original manuscripts For New Abcbasoel—per Nahinoff, Jim. 25—Geo Uiggins. of the late Rev. David Malo, of Lahaina. From San Fbaecisco—per Ajax, Jan. 27—Capt W H Moore family, Mrs. H T Whitney, Miss M R Audubon, B C Horn Mr. Malo has been styled the John Locke— and and wife, Rev Geo B Whipple and wife, Clara Workonanic, Bishop Shultz, Mr Shultz, Mils Phealan, C the philosopher—of this people. He was Madame Anna Lewis Leland, Asa D Nndd Joseph Farwell, F 8 really a learned man in Hawaiian history Laicellcs, Wood, J W Grifnn, Dr J W Alsop, Jr., Chai Crowtll, W II VanReed, Klssassboro, John Oreenwald, Capt and antiquities. We hope, at a future time, Bailey, Eugene J J Ayers, Mrs R S Frits and servant, Col JamesW Bicknell, Kuler, Geo E C to present extracts to our readers. Mrs L Wood, Chss Buckner, Mr Reese, AB llluyas, Dr Chas Spear, Jacob Stelninao anil arriant. Dr Frank Spaulding, II D Dunn, Albert E Massi-y. H A Benjamin, W MARRIED. A Oilman, Ed Hoflschlaeger and acrvant, G C Filch, X H Arthur, J B Lynde, James Spruance, Bam'l Drury, JumesSatLewis—Kai-ena—ln Honolulu, Dec. 31st, 1865, by Rev. 8 terlee, 8 A Wood, M R Evans, and 14 others. C. Damon, Mr. John G. Lewis of Honolulu, to Amelia Kalcna, ot Kohala, Hawaii. Information Wanted, Lyman—Bbicewood—ln Honolulu, January Bth, at the resRespecting John M. ./action, aged 24 yeara ; light hair and inence of thebride's rather, A. P. Brickwood, Esq by the Rev. BrickA. to Lyman eyea. Kufus Miss Rebecca He ia a native of Clarksville, Red River County, A. gray 8. C. Damon. Mr. wood. D" No Cards. Texas. He left home In April, 1860. He ia reported to hare theSandwich Islands, in company with one K. J. Reyvisited nolds. Any information will be moat gladly received by the DIED. Editor, or the Postmaster in Honolulu, or the young man's brother, R. 11. Jackson, Clarksville, Texas, care of K. Marque: Bibcock—ln Honolulu, Sabbath afternoon, January 21st, & Co.,Ne ■- Orleans, La. She Annie Kllaa Baboock, aged 8 yeara 2 monthsand 16 days. upon Respecting John Bingham and Thoma*Bint/ham, reported was the daughter of Capt. W. H. Babcook. In reßectii been lo°t while attached to the American schooner or the death of this charming child the lines of Dickens rise to to have brlr T <' ~.»o reported to have been lost, about the year 1848 mind : or 1849, while on her trip from San Francisco to the Islands, or Oh ! it Is hard to take to heart The lessons thatsuch deaths will teach,on her passage from Honolulu to Lahaina. Any information But let no man regret it, will be gladly received by the Editor, or John Bingham, Esq., at Adams' Express Co.. Philadelphia. For It is one that all must learn. And is a mighty, universal Truth. When,death strikes down theinnocent and young. For every fragile form from which he lets The parting spirit free A hundred virtues rise. dt> VISITE; In shapes of mercy, charity and love, LARGER PHOTOGRAPHS; To walk the world and bless it. Of every tear COPYING AND ENLARGING; That sorrowing mortals shed on such green graves. RETOUCHING <lor- its ihr beat uiniinrt. Some good is born, some gentler nature cured. and on the moat reasonable terms. Purr—Of consumption, January°th, at the residence of his Also for saleJPhotographs of the Craters Kilxuen and brother, F. 8. Pratt, Tasker S. Pratt, Esq., aged 32 years. The llnlrnknln, and other Island SceDes; the KINDS KAM X deceased had been residing for several years in San Francisco, lIKMEHA, &c.,«yc. and he came to theislands hoping that a change of climate would operate favorably. His funeral was numerously attended on the Sabbath afternoon following his death B. L. CIIASR. Ccminqs—Capt. Preston Cumlngs disappeared from Honop. s —Having purchased the Portrait Negatives from Mr. lulu, January 6th, and on Thursday of the following week his remains were found in a mountain gorge or ravine in rear of Weed, duplicate copiea can be had by those persona wishiug Punchbowl. He is supposed to have committed suicide. He for the same. 505-2 m H. I- (.. left a nativewife at the place of bis residence at Kealakekua, Hawaii, wherehe has resided forabout flfteen years, and accumulated considerable property, haviag been engaged in mer<fc CONWAY, cantile pursuits. KAWAIHAB. HAWAII, HiomtAS) —Capt. JacobUeustman, matter of the German the Oenera Merchandise and Shipping business hark Dodo, committed suicide on the plain east of Honolulu, Will contlnae at the above port, where they are prepared to furnish UnJanuary 16th. His mind la reported to have given signs of Kawalhae Potatoes, and such other re justly celebrated Insanity before arriving in port. cruits aa are required by whale ships at the shortestnotice WABXEKJra—II. Warneken was drowned in the harbor of 47Srly terms. reasonable body but his was not and on the moat Honolulu, Saturday nlgbt, January lath, recovered until the 16th. He was a blacksmith on board the whaleship Julian.Capt. Lubbers. For Ban Fbaxcisco—per D. resl and daughter. Capt Jas T , Avails it whether bare or shod, These feet the paths of duty trod 1 If from the bowers of ease they fled, To seek affliction's bumble shed. If Grandeur's guilty bribe they spurned, And home to nature's cot returned: These feet with angels' wings shall vie, And tread the palace of the sky. Akontmods. Editor _IBRt A —Among By the Ajax arrived H. D. Dunn, Esq., connected with the Bulletin, of San Francisco. He visited our islands some ye»» »go. We extend to him a cordial welcome, feeling assured that his « notes " on the islands will be reliable. , "photographs. CARTES At the Gallery on Port Street. ALLEN FIRE WOOD ON HAND. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Friend (1866) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Friend - 1866.02.01 - Newspaper Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1866.02.01