https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/1f92670236cb68f25f3500aae6b13426.pdf 9008188a4551e42060afa775632734f5 PDF Text Text FRIEND THE HONOLULU, SEPTRMBER I, 1868. Stto Series, ihin, 3Jo. g.j CONTENTS For September. I 73 {flftStritt, gal. 25. bTSuyrmipLea,arSrnd, ound Hawaii. Mis. We left Honolulu per Hawaiian steamer Kilauea, July 12th, and returned per American whaleship Roscoe, August 14th. During our absence, we made the circuit of the island of Hawaii. Landing at Kealakekun, we traveled by land via Kau to Hilo, 130 miles (a pleasant ride on mule-back), and Tai:k. NwDpiMii Shu Fnncaiea 73 Kliiul'n Bible, unit only odd mini who fan re;nl il 7:1 Summer Trip by I,ami ami Sim. around Hawaii: I Rarlhuuakc Kxpcrieniv*—naming, or lahnr mt I 3 -, inn Invention—llainhow Bnaonlll| law CrateroiKi- J- i?' It lauea—A Sabbath at Keaiwa, Kan—New Foreign | » Church at llilo—Heiaus ami ClturcliCN J The VVi.rlrl Mnv« 76,77 Age of Kumehameha. 77 Y. ft. Steamer Mokongo 77 New Hawaiian Quarterly (in Bontou) 77 Hand-Hook on Hawaii 77 The Muho, or WiuKlen Hirdof Hawaii 77 Ban 77 Submarine VolOanta Krnntiou 7K The Pope'n Guard and Ihe Crew of a W aaleahln Ti llate of Tidal WaTN 7S Uuccn Victoria'i Birth am] I'arentrge 80 hi) Marine News - *, THE FRIEND. SEPTKMBKH 1, IBUR. New Bethel at San Francisco—The Rev. J. Rowell, Pastor. We are glad to present our seafaring readothers with a good view of the new chapel in San Francisco. It is a most creditable establishment. The chaplain thus writes us under date of July 15th, 1868: Francisco, July 15, 1868. "lot,Sanwhich The is 89J by 50 feet in size, " is entirely covered by the building. The whole of the lower story is occupied by the public school department, and 150 to 200 children gathered from our water front, receive there equal educational advantages with the other children of the city. In the second story, the pastor's study is in the tower corner, and the Sabbath-school room occupies the rest of the front. The audience room, in the rear of this, is 65 by 46 feet in size, and when seated according to the plan, will accommodate 450 to 500 persons. The lot cost $10,000, and is now worth much more than this. The building, when finished and paid for, will have cost ejs and about $12,500, of which $8,000 must yet be raised. We are using the seats and pulpit from our old church, being unwilling to put in the new until we are able to pay for them. It is a very comfortable house, and we think that Jack has no reason to be ashamed of it. Our plan is, whenever we shall be out of debt, to fit up the front part of the lower story for a reading room." t We heartily rejoice in this effort on the part of the friends of seamen in San Francisco to erect so handsome and suitable a church edifice for the worship of God. We sincerely hope all our seafaring readers and friends visiting that port, will visit the new Bethel. Elliot's Bible, and only one Man who can Read it.—lt has been often asserted that no one could read Elliot's translation of the Bible into the Algonquin dialect, spoken by the Indians of New England in the 17th century. It appears., however, that the Hon. Mr. Trumbull, State Librarian, residing in Hartford, Ct., is an accomplished amateur scholar in the Algonquin dialect, and that he can not only read the Bible and books published in that dialect, but has actually prepared a dictionary of over seven thousand words in the same. A copy of Elliot's Bible was recently sold in New York for $1,130. Only a few copies are now in existence. We remember once to have seen a- copy preserved in the Antiquarian Library in Worcester, Massachusetts. Only two editions were ever printed, the first in 1663, of one thousand copies, and the second in 1685, of two thousand copies. returning, we sailed from Hilo around Kohala, touching at Kmvaihae. It was in every respect a most pleasant and agreeable summer vacation and excursion. We do not propose to publish an itinerary journal in the style of Xenophon's Anabasis, or Dr. Johnson's famous " tour to the Hebrides," or Ellis' " tour through Owhyhee " in 1822 ; but as an editor, we could not possibly visit those mythologic, historic, classic, volcanic and missionary regions without jotting down some few remarks for the perusal of our readers. Although tolerably well read up upon the history of these Islands, and especially upon Hawaii, yet as we paced along over those regions so replete with facts pertaining to geology and other sciences, how deeply we sighed for the knowledge of some of those masters in scientific reSear/:h, who may be said, in the language of the great Leibnitz, to drive all the sciences abreast," " but Brigham's geological lectures are a valuable assistance. In the regions around Kealakekua Bay. we visited the famous battleground where Kamehameha the Great conquered his foes and became " lord of all he surveyed," or king of the whole group, and also the spot where the battle was fought which decided the fate of the old tabu system. Neither did we fail to inspect the " City of Refuge," Ho. naunau, really one of the most remarkable places on these Islands. The huge walls of the city yet remain almost entire, and there they will remain for ages. We did not count the number of keiaus which we visited. Ellis somewhere remarks that in 1822, there were no less than twenty-eeven or twentyeight scattered along the shore from Kailua �74 to Kaawalon, a I HX FRIEND. SEPTEMBER, 1868. fourteen miles. At Kahuku we rode over the recent lavaflow, where the steam, und smoke are still issuing from the fissures, cracks and crevices. At Kapapala we rode over the mud-flow, or land slide. At Honuapo and Punaluu we rode over the regions swept by the tidal waves of April 2d. While at the volcano of Kilauea. it was our privilege to witness an exhibition of Pele's pyrotechnic and volcanic agency, such as is quite rara, even in those regions shaken by earthquakes, rent by convulsions, and almost constantly presenting some new feature of volcanic action. At the time of our visit to the crater of Kilauea, July 27th and 28th, there were two hikes. One was situated much lower than theother. The south or large lake was quite active. Seven or eight cones were sending forth immense quantities of lava. From the largest issued two streams, which flowed down a precipice of some fifty feet in height towards the lower lake. The lava in the lower lake surged and dashed against the rock-bound sides of the crater with fearful violence, as apparent from the ledge projecting nearly over the lake. We could not see the lake itself, but it was visited a day or two previous by President Alexander and Captain Makee's party. Subsequent visitors following in only two or three days, report that scarcely any fire was visible. So quiet had the crater suddenly become, that visitors, aye, timid ladies, walked over the lake and ascended the cones, to catch, if possible, a slight view of the fiery regions below. We rejoice that they gratified their curiosity and made a successful retreat, for Pele might suddenly have become angry (kuhu) and punished them most fearfully for their temerity, und we hope the ladies will pardon us if we style it rashness. It is a great wonder that, as yet, do fisitor at Kilauea has lost his life, although some have barely escaped. We cannot bid farewell to the crater without complimenting the keeper of the Volcano House for his good fare, good fire and excellent accommodations. Having previously visited the volcano (in 1844,1855 and 1862) and experienced an untold amount of discomfort and inconvenience, it was a real luxury to be greeted by a " Celestial cook (representing " mine host"), whose face was wreathed in smiles, and whose vivid description of the volcano and earthquakes in " Canton English," was as good as a comedy of " Shakespeare. Earthquake Experiences. distance of only twelve or Among the luxuries of the season, there was an abundance of strawberries and milk at the Volcano House. In other parts of our columns will be found brief notices of Hilo and the regions around. ZZF A good eximple is the best sermon. The foreign and native inhabitants of the districts of Hilo, Puna, Kau and Kona are gradually recovering from the mental shock and the material losses occasioned by the earthquakes of last April. From what we have observed and the accounts of those who were upon the ground and experienced the terrible shock to their minds and nervous systems, we do not think the published narratives were exaggerated. The loss of property was very great. We have passed over the sites in Kau where the villages of Honuapo and Punaluu were situated. Not a house remains in either place. In Punaluu the site was pointed out to us as we rode along, where the Protestant church once stood. Not a timber remains. In conversing with scores who experienced the great shock of April 2d, it was interesting to listen to the account of the sad affair by different classes. Every one can state exactly where he was and how occupied at the precise moment when the shock occurred. One man remarked that he "was driving about fifty head of cattle from Kau to Hilo. He was near the volcano, and instantly the whole herd of cattle wheeled around and faced him. They stood trembling with fear. The earth appeared to move like the waves of the sea." A lady living near where the mud-flow occurred, remarked that "she caught her children and lay down upon the ground. The shaking of the earth, the slide of earth from the hills, the distant tidal wave, all indicated that they were about to be swallowed up." SINGULAR PHENOMENON. Flaming, or Labor-Saving Invention. If in any one Tespect the present age surpasses ages which have preceded, it is in the discovery of methods for saving labor, or in making steam, wind, water-power, or some other agencies do the work of man and beast. Steam is estimated by its amount of horse-power. During our visit at Hilo we witnessed the operation of Jluming on the sugar plantations in that vicinity, which is worthy of attention and a respectful notice in the Scie/itijic American, or some other publication devoted to the advancement of the mechanic arts or physical sciences. " Necessity is the mother of invention," says the old proverb. Now necessity compelled (he sugar planters in the vicinity of Hilo to contrive some method for dispensing with the use ol the cart and oxen in transporting the cane to the mill and the wood from the forest to the furnace. In this region the soil is deep, rains are übundant, and the food for working bullocks very poor. Under these disadvantageous circumstances, it became a serious question with planters—what can be done to dispense with the use of ox-teams and carts ? On the Onomea plantation the railroad, with cars, was tried; but that was expensive, dangerous, and not very satisfactory. At length the suggestion was made to try Jluming. In this region the cane-lands lie sloping towards the sea, on an angle of sor 6 degrees. All the plantations are supplied with numerous streams of water, rendering it comparatively easy to divert these streams into small troughs, or flumes, extending over the hills and through the cane-fields. It is now only necessary to cut the cane and put it into these flumes, nnd with very little labor it is conveyed to the mill. Now five or six men will do the work of twenty carts, with four or five men to a cart, and withal so easy and safe. Eventually every plantation in this region will adopt this method of transporta- fact that while down over walls were thrown half of the Hawaii, houses churches pushed island of and shakfoundations, and a general from their volcano, the house at the directions, ing in all situated on the very brink of the crater, remained uninjured. There was not perceptible the least crack in the brick chimney, perhaps twenty feet high. The lava in the cra- tion. ter sunk down hundreds of feet, and the Not only will it answer for the transportmost frightful detonations were heard, yet ation of cane, but also for the transportation the volcano house remained intact. of wood from the forests situated on the SUBSIDENCE OF THE EARTH. slopes of Mauna Kea, above these plantaMr. Jones, a pulu trader residing at Keautions. The flume on the Onomea plantahou, on the sea coast, about twelve miles tion, we were informed, answered to bring from the volcano, informs us that not only cords of wood in a single did the tidal wave sweepaway his buildings down seventy-five are now The flumes extended up. into and much valuable property, but at that day. immense quantities forests, and of wood point there has been a subsidence of the the are brought down. The Hitchcock brothers shore from four to six feet. This subsidence have a flume on their ranch about five miles is unmistakably indicated by cocoanut trees out of Hilo, which is used alone for the now standing in the sea, which formerly transportation of wood and lumber. Their were above high water mark. This subsiflume is three and a half miles long. It is dence extends along the coast for several constructed of North-West lumber, one foot miles. The statements of other persons conthe bottom, and with sides rising nine firm the declarations of Mr. Jones upon this on inches, flaring at the top, measuring eighteen subject. It is a most �THE I I! IK \ I), SEPTEMBER, 1868. inches. Let this flume be filled with water, continued in sight for some two hours. As we advanced towards Halemaumau, or the active pit, the rainbow receded until it came and stood over the boiling and fiery crater, exactly spanning the chasm. It was so distinct that a second bow was visible. Our thoughts were involuntarily directed to this striking phenomenon as the token of the covenant when God said to Noah : " This is the token of the covenant which I make between me and you, and every living creature that is with you, for perpetual generations; 1 do set my bow in the cloud, and it shall be for a token of a covenant between me and the earth." (Genesis 9:12, 13.) There appeared this token in all its original beauty, undimmed by age, a perpetual pledge lhat God would not again destroy the earth by a flood of waters. Underneath lhat beautiful and symmetrical arch there was another token. It was a fiery token.. The heaving, surging, boiling lava, was a token of God's other covenant that He would destroy this earth by the fiuming would not probably exceed, under agency of fire. Thus discourseth the Aposordinary circumstances, $1,000 per mile, and tle Peter in his second epistle : " The world with care the flume will last for years. It that then was being overflowed with water, requires about thirty minutes for wood to be perished; but the heavens and the earth conveyed in the Hitchcock flume, a distance which are now, by the same word are kept in of three and a half miles. Some young men store, reserved unto fire against the day of we wot of came down coasting in this same judgment and perdition of ungodly men. * flume in twenty-four minutes. It is rare But the day of the Lord will come as a thief sport, as we can testify, to place a few sticks in the night; in the which the heavens shall in this flume for a seat, and then to be pass away with a great noise, and the elebrought down at the rate of " six knots " an ments shall melt with fervent heat; the hour merely by the force of the stream. If earth also and the works that are therein our readers will not credit this statement, shall be burnt up." No language could more let them try it. Natives will sometimes distinctly and emphatically announce the come down the whole length of the flume fact that at some future time this earth shall standing upright. It is as rare sport for them be made over anew by the agency of fire. as playing in the surf. The elements of which the earth is comSo successful has this fiuming proved, that posed shall be melted with fervent heat. we would suggest that all our planters and God will create a new heavens and a new others put their " wits to work " to see if earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness. No other labor-saving contrivances may not be limits can be set to the fanciful conjectures discovered. So great is the cost of labor and upon this subject, if we allow our imaginaexpense of manufacture, that any suggestion tions to play with Scripture language, but in this respect may lead to very important the simple facts are all with which we have results. We are inclined to think that our now to do. God's word is pledged, and the planters require too much machinery and rainbow is a token or seal of that pledge that too many processes for the manufacture of God will not destroy the world by a flood of sugar. Simplification is what is required. waters. As surely has God pledged his solMachinery is expensive, as well as labor. emn word lhat He will destroy, ormake over Now is the time for invention and contrivance. anew, but not annihilate, this material globe by the agency of fire. The streams of lava issuing from the volcano are a pledge or nhiegCoratef RainSbpotawKilauea; token or sign that He will do it. The burnKilauea, of our visit the crater to ing crater or the seething caldron of Kilauea During beauwitness a most is a seal of that sure word of prophecy." was our to privilege it " scene to witness the side to the crater from was an awe-inspiring rainbow It arching tiful side. A heavy mist filled the atmosphere, union of those two tokens or seals. The one but not sufficient to obstruct the rays of the was radiant with hope, and calculated to inmorning's sun. On descending into the spire trust and confidence, while the other crater, the rainbow appeared before us, and was a most terrific display of the fiery ele- and easily fifty cords of wood per day may be conveyed from the forest to the landing on the beach, requiring only two men to put the wood into the flume, and two men to take it out and pile it up, or throw it into boats or lighters. To convey this amount of wood in the same space of time would require fifty carts drawn by four oxen each, with two men to each cart. It will readily appear that the saving is very great. We arc inclined to the opinion that, considering the increased cost of laljor and the enormous expense attending the " wear and tear " of carts and oxen, that had not the system of fiuming been introduced, some of the Hilo plantations would have been abandoned. The labor and expense of cultivation would have absorbed all the profits and left a large deficit unprovided for. It was particularly interesting to study the operation of the principle involved in flaming, because it is so simple, satisfactory and comparatively cheap. The original cost of * or,thUeofTwoTnoorikensof Seals wiGod'CovtehMankind. nsants 75 ment, such as is no where ehe to be seen on our globe. The one token referred to the memorable event of the flood which occurred four thousand years ago, while the other token pointed to a coming event, when this world would be burnt up. How suggestive of solemn thought are these tokens! The book o( Nature and volume of Divine Revelation harmonize in their disclosures. A Sabbath at Keaiwa, Kau. It has long been our desire to spend a Sabbath among Hawaiian Christians at some station where there was settled a native pastor, unassisted by any foreign missionary. This opportunity we enjoyed during our partial tour around Hawaii on our arrival at Keaiwa, situated about midway between the volcano of Kilauea and the southern part of tti2 island. The church edifice is situated within one mile of the recent mud-flow which has attracted so much attention. In order to enjoy the privilege of a quiet Sabbath at this place, we halted in our journey, and spent one day in riding over the region overspread bytliis remarkable land slide or mudflow. The church is situated in the open country, with only one native house in sight besides that of the pastor, the Rev. Mr. Kauhane. On the morning of July 26th, at " the hour of prayer," about half-past nine o'clock, we walked from our lodgings to the church. Having repeatedly passed the church during the previous week, the thought was often suggested, from whence can this church be filled with hearers, for the region appears uninhabited ! To our great surprise, on entering the church, we found the pastor engaged in teaching s Bible class, composed of more than one hundred adults. In the schoolhouse near the church there was a Sabbathschool of about twenty-five children. The pastor questioned his people upon the leading facts of interest, as stated in the 4th, sth and 6th chapters.of Genesis. The congregation assembled at 11 A. M. When every seat in the church was occupied, the number of hearers was over two hundred. A more attentive audience #ye have seldom witnessed. The services were conducted in the usual Congregational order. The pastor commanded the altention of his audience, although not speaking in the usual animated and gesticulating style so common among Hawaiian*. He discoursed from the text, Ephesians 5:8 : " For ye were sometimes darkness, but now are ye light in'the Lord ; walk as children of the light" We noticed that the preacher assisted his memory by glancing at a brief .skeleton of his discourse. On retiring from the church, we asked him for his « notes," when he gave �76 Til us a slip of paper, of which this is the translation : t Ephesiuns 5:8. First. —Look at the works ol iboat in darkness, knowing not the light. (1.) Ignorantc a. Ignorance in reference to the body. b. Ignorance in reference to the spirit. Second. —The new light of the prevent lime—ihe Lord having come. (1.) Wisdom. a. Wisdom in reference to the body. It. Wisdom in reference to ihe spirit. Third. —What is your thought, friends and brethren, in reference l<> this subject I Upon inquiry, we learned that tins unlive pastor was supported by his people upon ■ salary of two hundred dollars per annum. He whs educated at Mr. Lyman's school in Hilo, I/ahniiiitluiia Seminary, and the Theological School nt Wniluku. lie has been settled several yean at iliis place, The parsonage was in keeping with the modes) appearance of the church. Two weeks after our departure the island association was to meet at this place, and the meroben were to be entertained l>y the Rev. Mr. Itauhane. The chiireli and parish have recently been severely alllicted by the terrible earthquakes which have shaken Hawaii. Ten of the thirty-one destroyed by the mud-flow were members of this church, hence about onetenth of the church-members perished. We rode over the very spot where their houses stood, and where, up to the moment when the earthquakes and mud-flow occurred on the 2d of April, they were living in apparent security. Not a timber ur vestige now remains of their dwellings. It so happened that the Rev. Mr. Kauhanc saw the catastrophe At the moment, for security he lay upon the ground in front of the parsonage, ami was looking towards the mountain, or hill, about one mile distant, when the terrible earthquake detuched earth, rocks, trees, &c, from the brow of the high cliff, sufficient lo cover a space two'and a half miles long, and irom half to three-fourths of a mile wide. The work of destruction took pluce in about three minutes. It wus our privilege to ride over the flow with the Rev. Mr. Kauhanc, and he pointed out the very spot where a tenth part of his church was instantly buried with earth, and where their bodies will rest until " the dead shall hear the voice of tho Son of God ; mid they that hear shall live." We look back upon the Sabbath paeeed among the people at Keaiwn, Kau,as one of the most pleasant and profitable among the Sabbaths of our earthly pilgrimage. If all native churches will compare luvorably with this, then wo would say the Puritan Mission to the Sandwich Islands has not been a failure. FRIEND, SEP 1 E M HER. 18 68. for example, the last one built at Kuwailme, and also the one where Cook was worshiped The foreign residents at Hilo have built Tradition reports that after at Kealakeakua. edithe neatest nwl most beautiful church death, a swivel-gun was landed and Cook's archifice on the Sandwich Islands. In tectural plan and finish it is it perfect gem. pbuted on the corner of the hriau and fired The architect and builder was our townsman, at the natives, killing one woman. As a Mr. Torbert. The manner in which he baa proof, the natives point out two cocoanut completed his contract in this instance enti- trees which were perforated by the halls, and tles him to ihe consideration of till church- the holes are now to U' seen in the tree.'-, .standing in the proper range where the guns building committees in the kingdom. A church bus already been organized*, and were fired. Instead of /mans, or heathen temples, the ■ young pastor called from the United States, island of Hawaii il now belted With •> girdle i the lli'v. F, Tl of Wilgraduate pei liams' CoUece ami Antlover Seminary. We of Christian churches. The beautiful clasp learn lhat he lias accepted the call, and may ol the girdle is located in the Bay of Hilo, be expected in a lew weeks. Musi heartily anil the gem of the clasp is the now foreign shall we welcome him to the Islands, mid church. We do not know the exact number can assure linn a cordial welcome from ihe of Christian churches on Hawaii, but the people at Ililo, where we recently spent two number, including Protestant and Catholic, Sabbaths, preaching in the new church. cannot be less titan fifty. As the voyager The members of the congregation are quite sails aliing the shore, these churches ippear enthusiastic in regard lo this enterprise. at every lew miles, nestling among the groves They have fully paid for the church —about of ohia, kukui and breadfruit trees. Some $, ),000, anil are now about purchasing a par- oi these churches are tastefully built, and sonage. The pews have rented one year nearly All are surmounted with tapering for about $> 1,000, which nearly defrays their spins, from which the sound of the churchpastor's salary. So it appear! that not only going bell is often heard, They arc built by o( Hawaiian! at Hilo give for church purposes, the people. This is certainly true all the Kailua, church edifices. Whiloat Protestant but foreigners equal if not surpass them. Church," old "Mother built by we visited ihe We much rejoice in this enterprise because Governor Adams, in those, days the venerable of its bearing upon the ■eafaring community. In years past, the He.. Messrs. (Joan and when a chief could summon hundreds to Lyiiiuu have done much for seamen. As a work on a public building. Of late years it we community, the people of Hilo have for many has become dilapidated, but while there, work to at were witness carpenters glad yeurs done for seamen mi amount of good rebuilding .and refitting it, at an thoroughly which we has been appregratuitously hope !6:2,()00, nearly all of this amount of expense ciated by the recipients. As church afliiirs been already collected among the there have assumed this new form, most having of that district. Hawaiians urea people earnestly we hope success and prosperity anil church-building people. church-going may attend the enterprise. The church was New Foreign Church at Hilo. r dedicnted July 26th, the and Lyman officiating. Be?. Messrs. Coau aHenidus hurches. C The generation of Hawaiian idol worshipers has passed away, but they left behind many rude and substantial monuments of their zeal in religion, although a false religion. The Hawaiians of the "olden time " resembled tho Greeks in the days of Paul, who were " very religious " or " very superstitious." The region nround hcalakeakua Bay was the Mount Olympus of Hawaiian gods. In rambling over the mountains and along the shores of Hawaii, the traveler is continually fulling upon the ruins of heiaus. There must have ban hundreds on that island. Some of those were large, us their ruins testify in the districts of Kohala, Waimea and Komi. They were generally huge structures of stones, built in the form of a square or parallelogram. They are now sometimes taken for cattle pens. Some remain in u tolerable state of preservation, as The World Moves-American Ideas. Look we China-ward, or towards Europe— to the Orient or Occident, we sec a mighty movement going forward uinong the nations. The diplomacy of Mr. Burlingnmo and thin of Mr. Bancroft indicate that American ideas arc rapidly permeating the courts of emperors and kings, us well as the hotly politic. It is astonishing how rapidly foreign powers arc adopting the American idea in regard to citizenship and the liberty of transferring one's allegiance from one nation to another. Another American idea is as surely going to revolutionize a certain species of commerce or truliie now recognized "as legal by England und some other European powers. Wo refer lo the Coolie trade. The American Government (both great political parties are agreed upon this point) has taken the ground that the whole system is wrong, and that any American citizen engaged in it, is no better than one engaged in the African slave trade. The United States laws ate yew �77 IHE ERIE N D, SEPTEMBER. ISft 8. stringent and the punishment severe—nothing less than confiscation of ship nnd imprisonment of the master. We have no doifht that ultimately this will be the doctrine of the whole civilized world. So fur is this doctrine from preventing emigration from China and Japan, we believe it is the very doctrine which will eventually take away thousands of laborers from those countries, where only hundreds go at present. The time will ere long come, We believe, when the Chinese dad Japanese will coma to this country «n large numbers. They should come as tree laborers, not as coolies. They should come as free coltinists go from England to Canada, Australia or New Zealand. Tin: working of any other system will tend ton species of compulsory labor which will only work evil to all concerned. AgKeamehIK .o-Mrf amakau, native historian, states in the llmiidii/iii Otuettt that Kamehameba I. wai bom in 17:t(i, hence at his death in May, 1819, lie must hare been 89 years old. This would make him 4:5 at the date of Cook's arrival at Ihe Islands in 1778, anil r )S when Vancouver visited the Islands in 1*704. According to this date, His Majesty must have liecn 78 years old when his son KiiuielKiineha 111., Kauikeaouli, was bom on the 17thof March, 1814. With all deference to Mr. Kamakau's historical knowledge, we must diticr from his .1 . statement, and regard as more correct the statement that Kamehameba 1. was bom in 1753. This would make him "J") when Cookarrived. We should he glad to learn upon what historical data Mr. Kamakau buses his statement. We have read with interest Mr. Kamakau's historical sketch as published in the Gazette of August 26th. U. S. S. Mohongo.—This vessel has just returned from a trip to the windward islands, where the olliccrs enjoyed an opportunity to visit the volcano. At Hilo many of the I luwaiians and pupils of the schools visited the ship, and WSffe most kindly received by the officers. The target firing at Hilo created much interest. The gunners showed what they would have done with the enemy at a distance of 1,500 yards. On her return, the Molumgo touched at various ports an Maui. Wherever she bus visited,a pleasant impression has been made upon the Inhabitants. Mr. S. P. Aheong, the Chinese home missionary and colporteur employed by the Hawaiian Evangelical Associativa to labor among the Chinese on ihe Hawaiian Islands, has commenced bis labors on Maui. He will proceed in a few weeks tn Hawaii. We bops be will litul cordial helpers among missionaries, planters and others. A new Hawaiian Quarterly is to be published, not in Honolulu, but in that other "hub of the universe," Boston. Two of our Boston correspondents refer to it. One remarks: " It may interest you to learn that the Hawaiian Club of this city (Boston) are about to publish a Quarterly containing papers i\'nd to the club relating to the Islands. We hope lo have it large and interesting correspondence from our friends with It is scarcely ten years since Dr. Hillcbrand introduced the honey bee from California, and they have spread to all parts of the group. We found them in the extreme parts of Hawaii. They are filling the forests. The honey is excellent, and eventually beeswax must become an article of commerce at the Islands. We discovered a swarm which bail taken shelter in u ledge of rocks near you, and contributions ofassist, legends," &c the old " City ot Refuge " on Hawuii. The first number is to be issued in August, Tim Effects Of Eartthquakes Dumb so We may exjioct to see some copies tins Animals.—lt is suited in books that in Italy, wuy very soon. We doubt not many siibdumb animals are often seriously affected by sorilx'rs may be obtained on the Islands. It The same has been observed earthquakes. is to be issued about the size of the old " Haon Hawaii. Horses anil cattle have exhibwaiian Spectator." and fright. Another correspontlen I thus writes: "Con- ited most marked signs of terror the premises tributions on the history, literature, resources A male on the 2d of April, on anil other matters of general interest pcrlani- of Capt. Spencer, at Hilo, died through ing lo the Islands, will be acceptable from fright, lie was startetl by the great earthyour part of ihe world. The publication will quake, and commenced running, and soon not be in the interest of any party in Church dropped dead. Even "poor puss" felt her or Slate. * * The subscription price nerves terribly shocked. will be from fifty to seventy cents a copy, or two dollars a year." During our absence, we were gratified have the Bethel pulpit so well occupied Hand-Book on Hawaii.—The Rev. Mr. to the Rev. Lowell Smith. D. D., while the Ellis wrote the best book which has ever by Street Church has been filled in Poll pulpit been written upon Ok island of Hawaii. It Gnlick during the Key. Mr. the Rev. by Dr. was originally published under the title of Corwin's absence. " A Narrative of a Tour through Hawaii, or The Rev. Eli Corwin, of Fort Street Owyhee with Remarks on the Traditions, Manners, Customs und Language of the Church, has received a call from a new Sandwich Islanders." It was originally pub- church recently organized at Ookland Point, lished in London in 1826, and subsequently California. He may be expected to leave re-published in the United Stales. It has about October Ist. been long out of print, but has appeared in a new form as the 4th volume of Ellis' PolyWe would acknowledge books and iifsi m Researches. The last edition of this papers for gratuitous distribution among seawork was published in London in 1859 by men, from Mrs. Emerson, of Waialua, and Henry G. Bohn. No person can acquaint Mrs. Ogden, of Honolulu. himself with the past history of Polynesia without reading this work of Ellis'. We learn from Capt. Connor, that hereofter both the Montana and Idaho will The Moho, or Wingless Bird of Harun between Honolulu and San alternately waii. We find this specimen tif ornithology Francisco, twenty-one days. every thus defined in Andrews' Hawaiian DictionMARRIED. ary : " The maho is a bird that crows in the gross ; it seldom flies, but walks about." Xi itskb—MilMTvan-In Honolulu, A,ugiiatto2*lh, at Ihe Jane McC. N. KlUii.r While at Hilo, we saw two dried specimens reaidooea oTtae hrtit'i dither, Da»lil .l»ui(hlir ..I Archibald Mclulyrc, Kau.. No canla. of these birds in the collection of Mr. Mills. M.iiitu., mat, the rolden.e at tlu «ih Haii �•«—Baiixwoon-Oii Hi. kt. X.v. Blaliop Mafcrrt, by Re». Father Hermann, M. They are quite a curiosity. In the same ~r Brlckwood, P. daughter nl A. ll;i|.|. .• lo Mia> Emma Churliu, collection we also saw fourteen other spe- X.'i No canla. til"' IMh Inalanl, by the Rer. cies of Hawaiian birds. The nvtlva is about I)unca»—IIATHAWAV-<>n r. J. Oulii'k, Win. Duucan to M. E. Ilathaway, both of Una the size of a robin. They are now rarely to city. Nocarde. evening of Wcdneeday, A<rw be found Report says that the cats have BtcKKan.—Bono-Onlho lOtli at ihe reeldnnce of the hrlde'e lather, Kolmla, Hawaii, destroyed the little wingless creatures. Rev.'J aim. Btcknell lo Ellen M. Bond. on • ; — Tidal Waves.—The Tidal Waves which occurred on these islands on August 14th, at Onhu, Kauai, Maui and Hawaii, may have been occasioned by some sub-marine vplcano, similar to that at the Navigator Island's, an account of which will be fouud in Dr. Newcomb.-we glad to welcome another portion of our present issue. once more, in Honolulu, our old friend Dr. Hunnewell, Esq., W. Ncwcomb. He resided here from 1850 Donation.—From James for tho support Oakland, Boston, of tIOO currency in to 1856, and has since practiced in are California. bewusy "liHtdhobee Improve each almiing hour." DIED. lu«t., l-leol. M«a. 11. Wood, Wooo—ln thla city ou lb<- lu>h 34 yrare. Tlw deoeaaad «al ata native of Alabama. aged llouae aervloe, and a meabar of tbo tached lo Ihe t'uatoin Honolulu Hlflee. Wll D«a—At Kuoloa, Oahu, Augu.l 31, Willie, tldeat aoo of Hatuuel O. Wilder, aged V yoare, thraa niontha and t daya Mabov—ln Oakland, Cal, July Hat, Eliaabeth M.. wife of Jamb Hardy, ami daughter of Rev. L. Aiulrvwe, of Honolulu, H. 1, af*d yoara and 1 montha. fiAtuiHia —In Honolulu, Aaguet 23d, Mr. Thomaa Gardner, a colored mah.agul M MM The decaaaad la wall kn »u among rorrujn Ylailor, and ahlpmaal. r» at Honolulu He fiv to the Island, tn IhTi «a etvwarn M Car*. Ilomioia oo knattt thr ftiiar/ai- " �78 I H E FRIEND, SEPTEMBER, Submarine Volcanic Eruption. The attention of the community being so much interested at the present time in the subject of volcanic eruptions, we think many of our readers will peruse with interest the following narrative of a submarine volcano which broke out in September, 1866, near the Samoan or Navigator Islands, in the South Pacific. This account has never been published in any of our Island newspapers, but is the copy of a letter written by the Rev. Dr. G. Turner, an English missionary, and addressed to a friend in Scotland. Dr. Turner is the well-known author of one of the very best books on Polynesia, entitled. " Nineteen Years in Polynesia." We are indebted to Dr. Turner himself for sending us a few weeks ago, a printed copy of this letter. " The precise locality of this new submarine volcpiio will ere long be carefully ascert lined. Meanwhile I should set it down as being about 169° 25' west longitude from Greenwich, and 14 ° 15' south latitude. It is right between the islands of Olosenga and Tau, about 1J miles from the former and 3i miles from the latter. It is of importance to spread this information as soon as possible. Even if this volcano becomes extinct, it will probably leave a dangerous shonl. It is the very place about which whaling and trading vessels touching at these islands for supplies and produce have been accustomed to sail. Only two months before one of our British ships of war (H. M. S. Brisk) was there, and the very month before the eruption there was a large ship there with .lOO Chinese 'emigrants' (slaves) on board. It would be a very sad thing for a vessel to be ensnared by any such shoal or volcanic torpedo. " Although all the islands of our Samoan group are of volcanic origin, there is hardly a tradition even of volcanic action. " I must hasten to tell you of a visit I* had two days ago from one of our teachers who labors in the most easterly island of our group, about 120 miles from this. He has come all this distance in his boat to get some pastoral advice, and also to inform us of a volcano which has taken them all by surprise. From what he says, I have gleaned the following particulars of tlfe appearance of a new submarine volcano in the straits between the islands of Tau and Olosenga, the most easterly islands of our group. On some charts, Manua is laid down as the general name of these small islands, which it really is. On the 7th of September last, the natives of Tau and Olosenga were surprised by an unusual succession of earthquakes—there would be three and four in the course of an hour. During the night of the 9th, there were in all 39 shocks. There was only a slight tremulous motion, but its continuance, together with an unusual subterranean groaning,' as the natives called it, alarmed everybody. They knew nothing of volcanic action in the group from personal experience, or the traditions of their ancestors. Their islands, however, are all volcanic. On the 12th of September, a little after noon, a commotion was observed in the deep blue sou, ' 1868. about a mile and a half from Olosenga, and three and a halffrom Tau. It appeared like surf breaking over a sunken rock. Some thought it might be a whale blowing, and others that it was a shoal of bonilo. This unusual commotion continued nil day, and by the following morning at daylight, volcanic action was unmistakable. At first, the recorded on the Government self-registering tide gauges at San Diego, San Francisco and Astoria, in about five hours. On the 23d of December, 1854, a similar wave was transmitted from the coast of Japan to the Golden Gate in 12 hours and 38 minutes. It will be recollected that the earthquake wave caused the wreck of theRussian frigate eruptions were at intervals of about an hour. Diana in the port of Simoda, and great loss They went on increasing for two days, and of life. on the 15th, there were fifty in the hour. "These facts, which are derived from the For three days longer, there was one con- best authority, convey a very impressive tinued succession ol outbursts. The natives idea of the tremendous power required to gazed in amazement nt the great jet of mud disturb the whole body of an ocean, for a and dense columns of other volcnnic matter distance of from 3,000 to 5,000 miles, by a rising in terrific grandeur 2,000 feet above movement distinct from its Ordinary tidal the level of the sea. These ngnin branched swing. It will be seen that the revulsion of out into clouds of dust blackening the sky, the great tidal wave at Hawaii reached this and covering up Olosenga from the sight of coast, distant over 2,000 miles, in five hours, the people on Tau. The roar of the erup- and was observed along a siretch of shore tions, and the collision and crash of the over thirteen geographical degrees in length." mosses of rock met in their downward course and the Crew of a from the clouds by others flying up, were The Pope's Guard Whaleship. fearful. Quantities of fused obsidian, too, threw off" the most lovely fragments, which From a late paper we clip the following shone and sparkled in the sunshine like paragraph, relating to the remarkable medthousands of pendants from a crystal gasalier. No flame appeared, and only once or ley of nationalities represented in the Pope's twice was there a gleam of fire seen in the body-guard matter thrown up. The sea was most vio" The Pope's body-guard of Zouaves is a lently agitated, and boiled and bubbled furi- most astonishing amalgam of nationalities-. ously in a great basin half a mile in diam- It numbers in all 4,593 members; among eter. After a time, the ocean had a light whom are Dutchmen, French, Belgians, Rosulphur tinge for ten mjles round. Heaps of mans and Pontificial subjects, Canadians, dead fish were washed ashore, and among Irishmen, Prussians, Englishmen, Spaniards, them, deep sea monsters six and twelve feet Germans, Swiss, Americans, Neapolitans, long, which the natives have never seen be- Modenese, Poles, Scotchmen, Tuscans, Portfore, and for which they have no name. The uguese, Maltese, Russians, a South Sea Islsulphurous vapors, heat and smoke and ander, an Indian, an African, a Peruvian, a ashes, soon made the settlement on Olosenga Mexican, and a Circassian. Their pay is in a line with the volcano unbearable, and three cents a day ; and one of the Canadian the people fled to a place a little to the south. Zouaves writes to Montreal, urging his counA slight tremulous motion continued to be trymen to provide an abundance of private felt on land, but no fissures opened, nor have pocket-money before enlisting." any hot springs made their appearnce. The Having recently been favored with a pasordinary springs of fresh water are also un- sage trom Hilo to Honolulu on board the affected. After three days the violent action began American whaleship Roscoe, Capt. Macom" to abate, and on the 11th of November, when ber, we were much interested in noting the the teacher from whom I have my informa- variety of nationality among the crew. Upon tion left, there were only three or four in the a little inquiry, we leorned that there were twelve hours, and the height to which the on board that vessel representatives of the matter was thrown was reduced to 20 or 30 Russia, Finland, Holfeet above the level of the sea. No cone, or following countries : land, Scotland, Ireland, France, Germany, surother uplifting, has appeared above the face of the ocean, nor is there any apparent Portugal, United States, Sandwich Islands, uplifting or subsidence of the adjacent small New Zealand, Strong's Island, Ascension, islands. The motion on Olosenga still con- and one had recently died belonging to Hope tinues, and from a tremulous agitation, has become more of a sudden jerk. A suspi- Island. Great as was this variety, all lived cious shaking has commenced on the east harmoniously together, and Capt. Macomside of Tau, but on the west side—only six ber remarked that he never had sailed with miles distant—all is still. I have sent a a better or more efficient crew. We hope message to the settlement on the cast side, the Pope is able to manage his crew " as " advising tbetr. to clear off as soon as the is sub- well as Capt. Macomber does his. : shaking accompanied by considerable terranean noise." Tidal Waves Move at the Rate of 400 Miles per Hour.—The following facto published in the San Francisco Bulletin, are worthy of consideration while tidal waves are becoming so frequent: " An earthquake wave whichfollowed the recent eruption in the Sandwich Islands April 2d, was transmitted to this coast and about "A Step in the Right Direction.—The Czar of Russia has proposed to the Emperor Napoleon to do away in war with all rifle and musket bullets which bury themselves in the flesh and then explode. The proposition meets with the Emperor's unqualified approval." We hope soon to hear that the Emperors have agreed to do their fighting with paper bullets, instead of lead. �79 THE FItIE N U, SEPTEMBER, 181 8. PLACES OF WORSHIP. BSAnßlfl lIKTIIKI.—Hev. S. 0, Damon Chaplain—King •treet, near the Sailor*' Horn... I'reaching at 11 A. M. rree. Seata Sabbath School nOer the morning aervice. ">\ o'clock. Seamen Prayer meeting on Wednesday evenings at N. B. Sabbath School or Bible Clau for at 9J o'olock Sabbath morning. FORT STItKKT CHURCH—Corner of Port and Bcrctanla streets—Rev. K. Cora/in Pastor. Preaching on Sundays at 11 A. M. and 7) P. M. Sabbath School at 10 A. M. BTONF CHURCH—King itreet, above thePalace—Rev. 11. 11. Parker Pastor. Services in Hawaiian every Sunday at Hi A. M. and 3 P. M. CATHOLIC CHURCH—Fort street, n.'ar Beretaula—under the oharge of Rt. Rev. BisttOji .Maigret, assisted by Key, I'ierre Faveus- Servicesevery Sunday at 10 A.M. and I'M SMITH'S CHURCH—Berelania Blreet, near Nuuanu slrevt— llev. Lowell Bmlth Pastor, Services in Hawaiian every Sunday at 10 A. M. and 2, P. M RKFOKMKD CATHOLIC I III'RCH Corner of Kukui and Nuuanu streets, under cluirge of lit. Rev. Bisunu Staley, satiated by Rev. Messrs. liibotsoueoallagher and Klklngton. English service every guuday at 11 A. M. and 7, P.M. - — s. o. adabss. ADAMS k. WII.UKK, Street, Kill Auctioneer, Sul.-a lUnu an Queers Mirrrl. •ste door 026 Kaahumanu street. alrrt-l, oppoailr Ike Smiuru', tkaprl. ALSO, AUENTS fOR Dr. Jaynes Celebrated Family Medicines, Wheeler *■ Wilson's dewing Machines, The New England Mutual Life Insurance Company, Thr Rnhala Sugar Company, Hawaii. The Haiku Sugar Company. Maoi. TheHawaiian Sugar Mills, Haul. The Walalua Sugui PlalHnti'in. (Ihliu. 000 ly Thr Lumahal like Plantation, Kauai. PORT STREET. Hasr I IvUdaaK frl-J Be-- and It ASUNABI.K TXHMH. ('t)l'll.M; AND ENLARGING done in the OfGoers' table, with lodging, per week,. 90 beet manner. 6 do. do. For Bale—Cards of the Hawaiian Kings, Queens, Chiefsand Seamens' do. do. othernotable |ten>ons. Baths on the Premises. Shower Alio—A full assortment of LARGE AND SMALL f X A M E», For Bale at Low Prices. Mrs. CRIBB. H. L. CHASK. 636 ly Managtr. Honolulu, April 1, 1860. . I. O. M'OIUOKMI. 6181; \MI.II\U \\ lIS. 11l .A. uctioneers, BLACKSMITH, 204 and 206 Colifornia Street, m A TAX PRANOISOO. 11HE Coraer Merchant and Kaahumanu sts., near l'osu.fflcc. 633 ly JOHN S. McGREW, M. 11.. Physician and Surgeon. Carriages, Wagons, Carta, fee, will receive SgLyFßepalr* onattention. Office—Over Dr. E. Hoffmann's Drag Store, corner of Kailiu menu and Merchant Sts., opposite the Poet Office. KsHinr.NCS—Chaplain St., betuittn liuuanu and Fort Sti. iliriH Houas—From 8 to 10 A. M., and from 3 to 6 P. M. 622 ly n. C. WETMORE, M. D. PHYSICIAN ti SURGEON, HILO, HAWAII, S. I. -AND- ALSO, AGENTS OF TUB of BLACKBMITiiiNQ. Vlr San Francisco and Honolulu Packets. prompt Particularattention given to the sale and purchase ol merchandise, ships' buslnssa.aupplslng whaleshlps, negotiation exchange. 4c. SHIPPING AGENT. tr All freightarriving at Baa Francisco, by or to the HoTUB BUSINESS ON HIS OLD nolulu Line of Packets, will be forwarJed railor oomnaaioa. Plan of settling with Officers and Seamen immediately on XT Exchange on Honolulu bought and sold. XX their Shipping at Ms Office. Having no connection, either —unuiondirect or Indirect, with any outfitting establishment, and allow- Messrs- C. L. RtCßiana Co., Honolulu ing no debts to he collectedat hit office, he hopes to give aa II llAClrau) fc Co, good satisfaction in the future as he has In the past. C Baswuaa; Co., (D" Office on Jaa. Robinson & Co.'s Wharf, near the U. 8. Btsaor 4 Co Wo 3m Consulate. Dr. R. W. Wood Hon. K. 11. Ai.lbs, D. C.Wits««»«, Ksq GEORGE WILLIAMS. LICENSED CIIVTIMUS * "" " Medicine Chests carefully replenished at the HILO DRUG STORE. Law, 606 ly W. N. 1,11)1), Importer and Dealer In Hardwire, Cutlery, Mechanics' Tools, and Agricultural Implements, Fort Street. JO»« MUHLL. ly iron, Foot of Vnuiinn Street, opposite Sfgrlkm\ Tin Shop, «v IS PREPARED TO TAKEALL KINDS 633 KMr Tb J. C. MERRILL & Co., Commission Merchants Physician and Surgeon, Corner of Fort and Merchant Streets. SBf H. L. Chase's Photographic Gallery ! TSaflsaaar nut 111I E. HOFFMANN. M. D. A. F. .11 l>D. Attorney and Counsellor at J a*1 " SSSaflsts f.-tf gjgfc Is i'ißsjssj]Bsa|Bnsß^ REV. DANIEL DOLE. AT KOLOA, Kauai, has accommodations in his family For n Few lionrilinx S< holnr.. II r Persons wishing to learn the Terms will apply to him Stf or the Kditor of Thk Fhikmi." MOTT SMITH, OlBce corner of Fort and Hotel Streets. N. B • Importer* and General Mrrrhants, BOARDING SCHOOL AT KOLOA. C. S. BARTOW, / SAILOR'S HOME! ly BAM 1 M. CASTLS. J. B. ATHBBTON. A. 8. COOES. I I«TI.K St COOKE, ON THR wiu>i«. o3«-ly l»lt. J. C. BREWER A CO. fomuissloii and Shipping Berchaatg, Huvolmln, Oatssi. 11. I. 602 any Auction and Coinuilsslon Nerehsnts, FIXE PROOF STORE, In Hol.l.i.on'. Building, ilmiii ADVERTIS£i>IEI\rTS. OPEN AND PREPARED TO IStakeNOW I'lltiTOllltAl'lls of sine in the B«kt Bttli Mo.iT ADVERTISEMENTS. a. r. ADVERTISEMENTS. ly C. L. RICHARDS It CO., Ship Chandlers and Commission Merchants, snd Dealers in General Merchandise, * Wheeler CASTLE COOKE, AGENTS FOR , otrtly Mccracken, merrill & & Wilson's SEWING MACHINES! Co., FORWARDING AND COmitIISSION Tli:iM HWTS, Portland, Oreion. HAVING BEEN ENGAGED IN OURPREbeing aent business for upwards of seven years, sad located In a Bra proof brick building, we are prepared toreceive Palu, and dispose of Island staples, such aa Sugar, Rice, 8y rope, aojieiaed the Keep constantly on hand a fullaasortment ofmerchandise,for Coffee, fee, to advantage. ConalgnmenU eepeolally Sewing Machines at the World's Exhibition in PARIS in 1661, the supply of Wbsleraand Merchant vessels. oepaid, for the Oregon market, to whloh personal attention will 623 ly and at the Exhibition In London in 1862. andupon which cashadvances will be made when required. Thr evidence of thesuperiority or this Machineis found In the Baa Faaaouoo Baraaaaoae: St ONW < A» ALLEN record of Its sales. In 1861 Badger Lindenberger, Jaa. Patrick feCo., The Grover Baker Company, Boston, kawtikae, Hawaii, W. T. Coleman fe Co., Fred. lew, The Florence Company. Massachusetts t'tevens, Baker Co. Will continue the General Merchandiseand Shipping business The Parker Company, Connecticut, to they prepared where are furnish at theaboveport, I'iibti.ihb Kenauoaa: J. M. Singer a) Co.,New York, u the Justly oelebrated Kawalhae Potatoes. and Leonard k Orean. Finkle fe Lyon, Allen S Lewis. Ladd k Tllton. auch other recruits as are required Cnas. W. Howland, Delaware. Uoaouju aareauoa*: by whale ahlps, at the 0., Greenwood fe Co., Cincinnati, M. Walker Alien, ly_ 838 shortestnotice and on the moat reasonable terms. N. B. C. Perkins, Norwalk, I)., H. Smith. Connecticut, Plrowoort on XXatxtci.. sold Wilson 18,660, whilst the Wheeler fe Wilson Company, of Bridge, port, made and sold 19,726 during the same period. CARSOIT, 11 tl J. A. ITJPleat— Call ssaul Kassswlam. HAS BEEN IN THE EMPLOY OF PUBLISHED AND EDITED BY 0. W. MNDHOLM.Ekq., Manga, OchotskBea> hereby READING ROOM, LIBRARY AND DEPOSasked tocall at our office for settlement of aocounts. ITORY. 11. HACKFKLP CO. Honolulu, March 20,1*68. AND OTHERS, WISHING IS MACHINE HAS ALL THE LATEST former premiums, waa Impiovements,and, In addition I'll highest prise ahove all European and American awarded to . — * * * " * thiTprien:D : WHO R. W. ANDREWS, * MACHINIST. ALL KINDS OF LIGHT MACHINERY, GUNS, LOCKS, *>c. Fort Street, opposite Odd Fellows' Hall. Btf REPAIRS SAMUEL C. DAMON. SEAMEN to obtain bookB from the Sailors' Home Library, A will pletwe apply to the Bethel Sexton, who will have oharge of the Depository and Reading Room until further notios. Per order Bound Volumes of the "Friend" FOR BALE AT THK OFriCE OF Paper. TUB JOURNAL, DKVOTED TO TMI« PERANCE, SEAMEN, MARINE AND MONTHLY OENERAL INTELLIGENCE, TERMS: One copy, per annum, Two copies, FWs oopiea, •• . ... $2.00 S.OO 6.00 • �80 lUX VIIK M I), SKfTKatB X X aBhVQicunetroP dha, arentage. BY JOHN S. C. ABBOTT. George? 111. of England was the father of fourteen children. In the latter part of his life he was insane, and his oldest son, subsequently George IV., reigned as prince regent. Upon the death of ihe father, the son, a miserable profligate, ascended the throne. He married, much against his will, a German princess, Caroline. His dissipation was such that he often expressed the determination never to he shackled by a wife. State considerations rendered it necessary that he should be married ; but he treated his wife so brutally an to drive her to frenzy and crime. They had one daughter, the Princess Charlotte, as lovely in character as she was beautiful in person. She was the idol of the British nation, and all the kingdom was vocal with joy when she was married to Leopold of Germany. One year after their marriage, the Princess Charlotte and her infant babe were consigned to the tomb together. George IV. died childless. His next oldest brother, William, of course succeeded to the crown. He was a blunt sailor, who, never expecting to ascend the throne, had spent most of his life on shipboard, forming his character in that rude school. William IV. reigned but a few years, and also died childless. The crown would then, by regular descent, have passed to the brow of the third brother. His name was Edward. He was a fine young man, very amiable, retiring in habits, of scholarly, scientific tastes, and strongly attached to domestic quiet. Moreover, he was quite republican in his notions, so much so as seriously to displease his kingly futher. The family of George 111. was so large, and the necessary expenses of royalty so enormous, that he could not give all his children large incomes. Edward received the title of the Duke of Kent. When a young man, receiving his education, his economical father kept him, as was then thought, very close ; " and he was often mortified by his inability to" sustain that style of living which he deemed essential to his rank. Many of the young nobles, who were his associates, far surpassed him in the elegance of their apartments, the splendor of their equipage, and in all the appliances of princely living. At times they assumed airs of osten- , loti 8 ciples are not popular now, that is, they do not conduct to place or office. All the members of the royal family do not hold the same principles. For this Ido not blame them ; but we cluim, for ourselves, the right of thinking and acting as we think best, and we proclaim ourselves members of His Majesty's loyal opposition." Edward married Victoria Maria Louisa, daughter of the Duke of Saxe Coburg, and . which her father began to lie regarded. But in two years after her birth the Duke of Kent, a good man, fell asleep, we trust, in Jesus, and Victoria Maria was again a widow, weeping the bitterest tears of anguish, and her daughter an orphan. There was then but one intervening link in the chain which connected her with the throne, and that was her uncle William. The eyes of all England were now turned to Victoria. The aristocratic party were glad that Edward was dead, for his republican proclivities were well known, and they dreaded to see the sceptre in his hands. Great solicitude was manifested to discover the childish developments of the princess, aud the influences of education which were Drought to near upon her. In the year 1830, when Victoria was eleven years of age, George IV. died. Willinm IV. now alone interposed between her and the throne. She consequently became still more conspicuous. Whenever she appeared in public, all eyes followed her; and English loyalty raised its loudest shouts of acclaim, in greeting the frail, fairy-like, bloomingchild, who at any day might become their queen. .Many anecdotes are related of her childhood which attest to her vivacity, to her fair share of childish intelligence, and to the goodness of her heart. When but five years old a brilliant breakfast was given in her honor at the Marlborough House, which was attended by many illustrious guests. The placid child, the observed of all observers, won all hearts. When the company had retired the judicious mother said to her, " It is not you* my child, but your future office and rank, which are regarded by the country, and you must so act as never to bring that office and that rank into disgrace or disrespect." Such was the birth and the parentage of Queen Victoria. sister of Leopold who had married MM lamented Charlotte, only child of George IV. The ancestral line of this princess ran fur back into Ihe dark ages. Hut though there was this priceless blood in the veins, the good old'duke found it difficult to maintain the dignity of his station from the very limited revenue of his dukedom. The young print-ess Victoria Maria brought her spouse beauty of person and loveliness of chnracter, though a slender dowry. The life of this princess had been sadly romantic. When but sixteen years of age, she wus married to a rich old debauchee, the Prince of Leinengen, then forty-four years old. He soon became tired of his child-bride, and she became as wretched as a timid, affectionate woman could be made, by neglect and brutality. With hounds and wine and debauched companionship he spent his days. No redeeming trails softened the dark shinies of his character. Victoria Maria thus passed several years of unmitigated misery. But these afflictions subdued and sanctified her spirit. " Whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth." She became exceedingly patient, gentle, childlike—never answering back. Hei sweet disposition and winning manners secured the love of all, except her uncongenial spouse. After fifteen years of this martyrdom, the wretched prince was deposited in the grave. Stie was thus left, at the ago of thirty-one, a beautiful widow and childless. The Duke of Kent chanced lo meet her. Their congenial naPORT OF HONOLULU, S. I. tures immediately blended, resulting in the strongest attachment. In two years after the AKKI VAI.S. death of her husband, Victoria Maria became Aug. 4—Haw l.k Mnuna I.ua, Rriuking, 23 days from Vicof out of GerDuchess Kent. By marrying toria, 11. C &—Aui si'lir .tlankii, Culhoun, IS iluys from Porllanr). many she forfeited the annuity settled upon 6—Brit schr Favorlla, McKay. 22 days from Victoria. her of $20,000 a year, and thus she went 10—Am ettssßaf ship Roynurtl, llrtiry, todays tin Sbd FranclMco. almost penniless to her spouse. 10—Br brig Robert Cowan, l.unliner, 27 days from VicWith her unambitious husband she retired toria. 10—Haw bark R C Wylic, Capt natterman, US days which, with to a modest home, in the ample from Hamburg. 14—Am wh lik Roacoc, Maeomher, fm Hilo via Kawaicompetence of $30,000 a year, which would h.i-, 37 months,lMtl ivhalo oil, 1160 sperm. not enable them to assume any princely 10—Ambark Comet, Abbott, 17 days fm HunFrniiri.cn 19— Tahlilanschr Red Am, Banister, 21 days fm Mima. splendor, she found all the happiness which 21—T H H Mnhonfo, Simpson, from Maui. can be found in this world, where some thorn about a is planted in every pillow. In year Ill.l'lßTl HIX after their marriage, on the 24th of May, Aug. 12—llr schr Favorite, lor Victoria, B C 1819, their happiness was greatly increased IS—Am »liip Reynard, Henry, for McKeen's Island. 1.. \ nijli.,l k Cam R Hiitil, HriHiks, for Sao Francisco. by the birth at Alexandria Victoria, the 15 —Am schr Alaska, Calhoun, lor I'orllaud.. ImmeEngland. Victoria, of present Queen PASSENGERS. diately upon her birth she was recognized as the undoubted heiress to the throne of EngFhom San Fram MOD—ftf ItV\i.aril, August W>-< land. It is a little remarkable that when she 0 Brook*. From Hambiao—per X V Wylir, August ■•«a*%Ari.ir.l was born, though George 111. had left six P linger und wilt-, Mm Capt Haiitrii.un and tliilil—-4. sons, and most of them were still living, not Fori M( Kkan'n |si,ani» |«t Keyiutrd, AuifmlJ8—A F... KiiuK-y, 18 lUwalluiu 2U. A'J Charlotte, ward*, one had a living child. the daughFrom Mure*—per Red Ant, August l*O—JMMWrVrt, M ter and only child of George IV., had died Goupille—ll. two years before. William was childless. From San Fhancuco—iht CoiihH, August 10—Mi« Mist 2 children, Mri Jas M lii-rn iU id 4 children, Mrs Selfc and Consequently the crown would pass from And child. IN H Black, Ma.ur Willie Richard*. Masltr Calvin and wife, Mew.™ Fisher, Dooiirvan, George, through William, to Edward, her Hummers, Tims Ward Uurbank and Cecil—2l. father, and thence to Victoria, his oldest Collin*, JtTinp.ni, Fhancuco—Per J P tatious patronage, which cut him keenly. No man feels so acutely aristocratic pride as one born in the ranks of aristocracy, who is the victim of that pride. These influences probably aided in giving a republican tone to his character. The friends of reform, glad to avail themselves of an illustrious leader, rallied around the young Duke of Kent, and thus he found himself actually at the head of the opposition to his father's government. The embarrassment of this situation, and the economical habits he was compelled to form, added to his natural disposition to seek a secluded life. At a public dinner he uttered <t).e following noble sentiments : "lama friend of civil and religious liberty «4 the world over. I am an enemy to all religious tests. 1 am a supporter of a general system (°f education. All men are my child. hrethren, and I Jsold that power is only deleOf course this added greatly to her public gate*" for the goioej of the people. These prin- importance and to the consideration with MARINE JOURNAL. — From Ban Idaho, August 23—Rev l)r W Newcoinh, Rev X Corwlu, Mlai M Bray, M Vhillina, MRr\ Gmen, Jullui C-itin, Max Eckert, C F Bhort, Miss I! X Short, MriKJl Lawrence and 2 chlklreen, MnMK Campbell and 4 fhlltlrtn, and 4 in steerage—22. rogue, � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Friend (1868) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Friend - 1868.09.01 - Newspaper Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1868.09.01