https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/35a550274013a2823446e8e62101d0d5.pdf 417521d110c8875598a7ea18431371a2 PDF Text Text THF E RIEND Bud Merits, So. It M.2U OOMTMSjTI — lor Untiiubrr 1, 1880. Home Agsln Oahu College Rambles In the Old World-No. 47 Marine Journal Editor Abroad—No. 9 Y. M. C. A ftfuSnits, 001.37. HONOLULU, DKCEMBKR I, 18^0. Paos *■> 80 89-DJ 93 93-94 9« THE FKIEND. lIM'KMBKR I. 18SO. Home Again. When crossing the Western Prairies we saw immense flocks of birds flying south, as the cold winds and frost were changing the color ofthe forest foliage. We were glad to follow their example and hurry our escape from the chilly winds and frost-bitten lands of the north to the sunny skies and mild regions of the Pacific Islands. Our limits will not allow us to describe our homeward journey. In another part of our sheet, our journal breaks off at Paris. Passing through Brussels and Antwerp, in Belgium, we embarked trom the latter city, Sept. 4th, for New York. After spending a few days among friends, in New England, we crossed the Continent. On arriving in San Francisco it was our privilege to attend the opening meetings of Moody and Sankey. Embarking on the 21st we arrived safely on the 28th ulf Our entire trip has been most agreeable and satisfactory. Gladly would we mention names of persons and families contributing to our happiness and welfare. In our fond recollections of friends and places in foreign lands, we do not forget our great indebtedness to friends and parishioners near home, who have so kindly contributed by their aid to render it pleasant and easy for us, to be temporarily absent from our pulpit, parish and editorial chair. With health re-tnvigorated we resume our wonted duties, hopeful, buoyant and cheerful, as much so as when nearly forty years ago we arrived on the Hawaiian Islands. We hope future suc••eas|will show that we do not lay unwise plans or over-estimate our ability to discharge present duty. Oahu College. RAMBLES IN THE OLD WORLD.-No. 47 are the We to glad prosperreport very " A PILGRIMAGE TO OBEK-ANMER OAD. ity of the Oahu College at Honolulu, S. 1., The year Eighteen Hundred and Eighty, pres.ded over by our old time and greatly drawing to a close, has been in Europe respected friend and brother, Rev. W. L. now by a number of events and anniJones. The institution is very full, having marked versaries of more than ordinary interest over 100 pupils, and has just received a have been celebrated in an approprivery generous gift. Mrs. Dickson, daughter which ate and impressive manner. In Portugal of the lamented Dr. Judd, has given #500 there has been the splendid celebration of to purchase new de-ks and seats; and we of J of Camoens. A few the Tercentennary j The Pacific Office hnve had the pleasure to weeks since all the civilized world learned purchase them of Gilbert & Moore of this I with interest of the completion of the beautithem to Honolulu." city, and ship ful and stately Gothic cathedral, which is Oahu College is one of the bright spots in the glory of Cologne and of Northern the Hawaiian Islands, and when in San Europe. After cix long centuries of growth Francisco, the above item, in the Pacific it has at last attained that full measure of architectural symmetry, which its now unfell under our notice, that spot was ren- known designee so long ago dreamed and dered still more bright and luminous. We drew. In this golden month of October this trust the time has come when the graduate* important and suggestive historic moment and friends ot the college will come forward will be observed with imposing pageants and do something generous and handsome and solemn services. All through the summer Belgium has been in festal array, refor that institution. We hear that Mrs. joicing in half a century of a new national Dickson has still better thines in store for peace and prosperity. The Exhibition in Punahou. The graduates and parents, who Brussels has formed a renter of attraction have children educated there, could not be for all the land and for thousands of visitors engaged in a more worthy enterprise, than from other countries. But for very many endowing the college. Wa trust they the principal event of the year has been the will imbibe that generous spirit now so pre- unique and wonderful Representation given valent in the U. S. of endowing higher by the peasants, unaided from without, of a seminaries of learning. When we have a little mountain village in the Tyrol and little more leisure, we intend giving expres- widely known as the " Passion Play of sion to some thoughts upon the higher de- Ober-Ammer Gau.'' What we have Circumstances kindly favored in perpartments of education. witnessed in both the new and old world, mitting me to be one of the nuniber of those has awakened a strong desire to see some- who were privileged to be present this sumthing done on those Island in advance of mer at this most impressive representation, what has yet been accomplished. More I had well nigh said service; for from anon. tbe first I would speak of it, as it deserves with reverence. * From International Postal System.—With to be mentioned led Vienna our way to Salzburg, that most most commendable patience the business beautifully situated and interesting historicmen and community generally have submit- al town of Austria. Every one who comes ted to the old system of Postal arrange- hither is more than delighted with the ments. The time has fully come when a unique beauty of this famous residence of change should be made, bringing our islands the proud and powerful archbishops who into harmony with other civilized nations. here reigned as princes. It is an Italian The subject is one calling for immediate picture in a frame and setting of German action on the part of the officers of this Gov- forests and mountains. The white walled ernment. The present arrangements are villas peeping out from the verdant masses decidedly antiquated and inconvenient, not of shrubbery which surround them might to speak of the almost certain fact, that have been trans-plnnted from the Sunny much of our mail matter never reaches its South which lies beyond the Alps. Alexandestination. der yon Humboldt, who was, from his cxr * • �90 111 X FRIEND, tensive travels in a certain sense, citizen of all the world, mentions as the three cities which are in his estimation, of all, the most beautiful, Constantinople, Naples and Salzburg. Here, you know, was the birth-place of Mozart, the Great Musician. Not so very far away from Salzburg, (a charming early morning drive, when the woods arc cool and fresh, and the birds are waking, and the towering Alps above you w»rtri their cold granite faces in the rosy light of the new day), lies that " Happy Valley " where the little village of Bcrchtesgnuden nestles in the embrace of grand mountains, in Summer reveling in a perfection of natural beauty, (in contrast with which the dreams ofpainters nnd poets seem empty and colorless), i.nd in Winter biding itself away from the world behind almost impassible barriers of gleaming ice and snow. Just beyond this fuvoretl spot lies the famous lake, called by the Germans " Konigs-See,' and worthy ol all royal honor it is. I think you must be familiar with its appearance, lor hosts of artists have for years " pitched their cump " here, and have tried to catch on their canvas the deep, mysterious green of its waters. I have seen no where else such marvelous coloring, you seem to sail over a sea of liquid emerald. From all this picturesque nnd refreshing region which is the charm and boast of Austria and Bavaria, for here amid mountains and lakes, boundary lines run in and out in a queer zig-zag sort of way, we came to Munich, of which fascinat- ing city crowded with rarest an-treassures, I wou d have much to tell you were 1 not enger to get further on—and to the real goal of this monthly letter But before telling you what I have seen in Ober-Atnnier Gau, I must tell you why I came in the first place to think of visiting Ober-Ammer Gau at all. There is one advantage in writing to one at a distance, over telling anything to a Iriend near at hand, viva vocei you can in the former case tell your story to the end without fear of having it " nipped in the bud " at the very beginning. Some day you may me that the Passion tell the history of " Play" had grown trite und wearisome to you from innumerable accounts of the same which have come to your notice for months; that you have read descriptions of this Peasant Performance until you desire something new, and that now you are better instructed in reference to its peculiar and interesting details than your latest informant. But as yet, 1 do not know a word of all this, you see, and hence in my innocent enthusiasm can tell you an old story with the joy of one who feels he is telling something new. There will be this comfort for me, if ever I find out my mistake, that what 1 have to tell is worthy of being oft repeated, and that any copy of so good a picture, however poor, however hasty and unworthy, may still be a source of pleasure to some. If we trace the History of the Church and Literature back into the middle ages, we come upon the first traces of these representations in dramatic form of biblical themes, of which this " Passion Play " of the Bavarian-Tyrol is the finest specimen, and which is the only thing of the kind really worthy of mention, still existing to remind us of what was once so great a source of pleasure DECEMBER and often tjmes of profit, undoubtedly, to a very large portion of the peasantry especially, in a number of the European countries The early ' mysteries " of which we read, and which treated mainly of the Life, Passion and Resurrection of our Savior seem to have been first in vogue in the llth, perhaps, however as early as the 9th century. They were first given in the churches, but later, owing to their being treated in a too secular manner were transferred to the open fields or church-yard. While some of them undoubtedly were given in a reverent and religious spirit, others were marred by a course and revolting realism which seems to have been more in harmony with the spirit of these ages than with ours. In Italy, France, Germany and England daring successive centuries these representations stem to have been most popular. In England there were the " mysteries," the " moralities and the " miracles." Sometimes they were given in a most elaborate manner and continued for days. In Southern Germany, they seem to have been, especially popular among the people. And it is in the little mountain village of Ober-Ammer Gau, in the highlands of Bavaria, where the cerm of this mediaeval Passion Play may be seen in the tetnarkable representation which has been there given this year. In reference to its origin we have the following account: " In the year 16!Ma fearful pestilence broke out in the neighboring villages, so fearful indeed it was thought everybody would die. In Kohlgrub, distant three hours' journey from Ammer Gau, -so great were the ravages made by the disease that only two married couples were left in the village. Notwithstanding the strict measures taken by the people of Ammer Gau to prevent the plague being introduced into their village, their precautions proved insufficent, and the latal malady entering, spread with such fearful rapidfty that within a short space of time nearly ninety persons died. Then the villagers, in their sad trial assembled and solemnly vowed that, if God would take away the pestilence, they would perform the Passion Tragedy in thnnksgiving every tenth year. From that time on, although a number of persons were suffering, not one more died of the plague. In 1634 the play was first performed. The decadal period was chosen for 16S0, and the Passion Play has been enacted every tenth year with various interruptions since that time." Whether this was the real cause or not, it is still a fact that here in this little village for more than two centuries the Passion Play has been given—and its representation has become the principal event in the lives of these simple country people. Undoubtedly the " Passion Play " as now given surpasses anything known in earlier days, and yet though those taking part in it are trained with greater carefulness than formerly, and all the details are managed with an exactness and perfection, the result of modern skill and taste, still the foundation and frame-work is much the same as in that remote period of its origin. The improvements oflater times are largely due to the earnest enthusiasm of the now aged village priest, the " Geistlicher Rath," Daisenberger, who still lives as a patriarch amid his flock for whom he has cared so long and " 188 0 faithfully. He is a man of remarkable talent and earnest religious spirit, and he has devoted himself, he->rt and soul, to training and directing the villagers in performing the " Passion Piny " which they regard with solemn reverence. Ober-Ammer Gau is a village of only a few hundred inhabitants. They support themselves principally by wood-carving, which in their skillful hands, attains a remarkable artistic perfection. They pay also some attention to agriculture. It is almost impossible to convey to one who has never visited this little mountain village,—a satisfactory picture of the life of the people. It is something so unique, so peculiarly earnest and religious, so beautified by their devotion to this great object of their life, the " Passion Play " that one must really come here and and see the people themselves, to truly appreciate them. To take part in the Passion Play is considered the very greatest possible honor, and the humblest and least important positions among the actors are eagerly accepted. From generation to generation the accumulated traditions gathering about its history are passed on from parents to children. During the intervening years they ptppare for it. The long, lonely winters when the snow-driftsshut them out as it were from the outer world, it brightens and enlivens their quiet life. In the school and in the festival of the church they fit themselves to take part in it. And when the year rolls round, when the Passion Play is to be given, they feel that a solemn but at the same time joyful anniversary is to be observed. The last time the Passion Play was given was in the* year 1871, after the conclusion of the Franco-Prussian War. At that time it excited the wonder and admiration of visitors from all parts of Europe, and much was said and written in reference to it. And this year for months a constant succession of travellers have visited Ober-Ammer Gau to witness this most wonderful spectacle. The journey from Munich occupies one day, and with fine weather nothing could be more delightful. If not in tbe garb of a pilgrim of the olden time, yet in no careless spirit did I undertake the journey to the Passion Play. What I had read beforehand in reference to it had impressed me with the feeling that it was no mere holiday spectacle at which I was to be present. The subject is in itself the most sacred and solemn which could be chosen. So that from the first 1 felt a desire to view reverently this representation, which it had been with me a longing and hope of years to see. As a boy I had read of the little village among the mountains and its peasant-actors, whose simple life is governed and beautified by so unusual a purpose, and who then seemed so remote, so strange, so unreal to me. And now my long cherished hope was to be fulfilled. My way south from Munich was first by train through a country growing constantly more and more beautiful. It is a region rendered charming by the exquisite natural loveliness of the scenery, and by a host of legendary and historic associations, which give an added life to hill and dale. Soon after leaving Munich, the beautiful lake Sternberg appeared lying in the �THE FRIEND, midst of a fertile and verdant country, and with glorious views in the distance of misty blue mountains. The villas of the wealthy Bavarians border the gleaming waters of the lake, and it is here on shore and island that the young, talented but strangely eccentric King Ludwig 11. of Bavaria spends most of Ins time at the Schloss Berg, or that fanciful spot •' The Garden of Roses," or wherever his quaint, poetic fancy may lead him. Further on the train stops at Murnan, and here the mountain journey begins. From this point on you feel the welcoming charm of these beautiful Bavarian highlands, and you rejoice indeed that you have come. This is the terminus of the railway. With the iron-rails the noisy, bustling busy world and its hurrying every day life seems to end. For a time, at least we will forget it. Amidst the glory and grandeur of these mountains, under the canopy of these circling heavens, and surrounded by these simple children of the mountain and country, we may rest and gather inspiration. The air comes down to us sweet, cool and deliriously refreshing from the mountain summits, where far on into the Summer the white snows glisten. The great mountains rise on every hand—nearly seen they show richly wooded slopes, with here and there open spaces where smooth grassy fields, bright in the sunlight seem to offer welcome and plenty to the flocks which pasture here in Summer; in the distance they grow deeply blue, the mist veils their wild peaks, and their stern out-lines, thus softened,- seem to be strangely in harmony with the clouds which hover near them. It is a long, delightful drive which we have, we would not have it end. The mountains seem to open before us as if in welcome, parting like huge ocean waves. We look back and they have closed again and shut out from us the old life in giving us one new and fresh and untired. We are not the only travellers by this mountain road. From all pom's they come. The highway is alive with varied groups. Here are some in carriages—in all manner of vehicles —on foot—every one is desirous of reaching Ober-Ammer Gau before nightfall. You would be most of all drawn towards the little companies of peasants on foot. Some of them have come long and wearisome ways to lie present at the Passion Play. For them it is indeed a pilgrimage. The beauty of the country surpasses our expectation. For such mountains we were not prepared. There is the Etallu Manal, over .SOOO feet in height; then the Herzogenstand, 6000 feet, and above all the Zugspitze, 10,000 feet, far up in cloudland; and now comes Ettal, where once stood the famous Benedictine Monastery, founded by the German Emperor Ludwig. Still onward the beautiful valley of the Ammer opens before us, and we are near our journey's end. It is a scene of singular beauty. The noble valley stretches away in the waning light of the closing day. To right and left rise the guardian-like mountains. In the center of the fertile plain lies the little village, tbe mosque-like dome of whose church we can see from far away. The vesper bell rings out clear and sweet upon the evening air. On one of the peaks of the nearest range, may be seen a cross, rising far, far up towards heaven, and we recognize the Kofel, DECEMBER, the guardian spirit of the valley. Lower down, beautifully out-lined against a dark back ground of deepest green, stands a marble group representing the crucifixion, Presented to the community of Ober-Am"mer Gau by King Ludwig II of Bavaria in commemoration of His Majesty's visit to Ober-Ammer Gau, to witness the Passion Play in 1871, mid his appreciation of the earnest labors of ihe villagers in the performance of the vow made by their forefathers in the year 163*3." We find the winding village streets and paths crowded with people. Such a singular medley, such a Babel of languages, such a mingling of high and low, of rich and poor. We shall see them tomorrow once more together. Here fur a night or two one must lodge in right primitive fashion. The villagers will do their best to make you comfortable and willing, kindly people they are. But there are hundreds, aye, thousands of hungry and tired people to ho fed and housed, our hosts are busy enough, and tomorrow will be a hard antl trying day for many of them. On every side you are attracted by the most exquisite wood-carvings. In all the world nothing in this kind of work is more beautifully done There are one or two schools of design and carving here high up among the mountains. You come to see peasants, you find yourself among artists. They show their taste, their delicacy of feeling, their incomparable skill as carvers, in the tiiarvelously finished and wrought crucifixes, madonnas, flowers, p cture-frames and a host of different objects which are shown you here. We glance here and there, and the more we look the more we wonder at this strange little center with its motley varied life, where we find ourselves to-night. We are eager for the morrow; will it give us all we hope for and what we have come so far to see ? The day has gone—(he night has veiled the mountains, and the pines, which seem still to murmur softly in their sleep. The cross on the lofty Kofel and the stars keep watch and ward above, while before the hum and confusion have censed, the tired eyes have closed and the village rests in peace. Early the following morning, the village is once more a stir. A band of musicians passes through the streets. The people are gathering in dense crowds before the great building or theatre, where the representation of the day is to be given. I have come very early in order to be sure and get a seat. After coming all this way, at last to be shut out would be indeed a disappointment. At last the doors are opened, and we are admitted within the great inclosure. partly covered, partly opened with no dome but that of the heavens above. Hundreds of men and women are gathering, one heard a dv I, subdued murmur of voices like distant waves on the shore. In an amazingly short space of time all have found their places. It was worth making the journey just to see this assemblage. In the more expensive and secured seats are strangers from different lands, especially English and Americans. Near the center is the Royal Lodge where to-day sit a Bavarian prince and princess. I am glad that my ticket, taken at the last moment has given me a place among the I8 80 . 91 people. 1 am surrounded by the peasants and farming people, strong stalwart men and women they are too They greet me kindly, and in their hearty cordial way, give me the welcome of the mountains. What studies for an artist ! Peasants from the Tyrol, in their picturesque costumes; mountaineers und workmen from the lowlands; representatives from town and country and village, from all the region to north and south, east and west; cnpuchin monks with hood thrown back, blaclted-gowned priests; tourists in all manner of travelling costumes. Where would you find another so varied an audience ? I had difficulty to keep myself from believing it to be all a singular, fantastic dream. Before us rises the stage, arranged with great simplicity aud yet with admirable skill. In front a broad open proscenium for the choirs and the great processions,— behind this a covered space for table/tux virants; to the right the palace of Pilate; to the left the palace of Annas; on either sides the streets of Jerusalem. And bark of all this, most beautiful ot all, the green forests covering the grand old hills; streiching far away in the distance, verdant flower-dotted meadow lands; and above the blue of the Summer sky with drifting white clouds No brush of human artist could have produced such scenery for a background ! At this point I cannot do better than give in tbe simple yet earnest words of the village priest Daisenberger, the idea of this representation. " Our main objecct is to represent the story of Christ's Passion, not by a mere statement of facts, but in its connection with the types and figures and prophecies of the old Testament. By this manner of treatment an additional stfong light will be cast upon the sacred narrative, and the thoughtful spectator will be able to realize the grand truth that Jesus Christ, the Son of God, made man for our Salvation is the central figure of the inspired Volumes. As in the history of the Christian church the life of the Saviour and all his sacred actions arc continually repeated and reproduced, to the extent lhat (according to Scriptural commentators) He lives over again, suffers and triumphs in His saints as it happened before his appearance in the flesh, that the holy patriarchs and other saints of the Old Testament fore-shadowed His coming by the events of their history and by their virtuous lives. For He is the eternal Sun of the spiritual world, the Sun of justice sending forth his divine rays to illuminate in all directions both His predecessors and successors, no less than His contemporaries. Many of the incidents in the lives of the ancient fathers bear a striking and obvious resemblance to various parts in the life of the Redeemer, and set forth the sufferings and death arid resurrection so minutely that the Evangelists continually mention some prophecy which wos fulfilled. Thus the heroes of the Scriptures, Adam, the obedient Abraham, Isaac, Joseph, Job, David, Micaiah, Jonas, Daniel, and so many others who labored and suffered in His Spirit, represent in part, though imperfectly, His Life, and through what they accomplished and suffered, they became the prophets of thst which is in Him, the Urbild, tbe primitive type, should take place. In this fundamental �92 THE FRIEND, DECEMBER, thought is the representation of the Passion arranged and performed on the basis of the entire scriptures." For those who take part it is a solemn religious service. While the great throng has been gathering without, upon the stage curtained and hid from sight "assemble all the members of the community who are to take an active part in the performances, upwards of five hundred in number, together with their pastor and there engage in silent prayer, that is the unseen prelude to the Passion Play." Without the murmur and noise of voices have died away, and the most intense expectation is depicted on every countenance. First comes the plaintive music of the orchestra, and then from either side of the open sUge appear the divisions of the chorus advancing slowly and solemnly from right and left, till meeting in the center, they form one continuous line across the front of the stage The two divisions of the chorus, in which are both men and women , are led by two superbly handsome ai d stately men,one the most perfect type of Teutonic strength and manhood, with long flowing hair and beard, the other, the choragus proper, an equally noble specimen of manly vigor and power with dark hair and beard. All the members of the chorus are clad in robes, tunics and mantles ot various and harmonized colors of classic Grecian pattern. Before every scene of the. representation in full chorus, or solo, or duet, in song or recitative they announce the subject matter of the acted scene or tableau. They are, so to say the uttered voice of the " Passion Play." Never before was the office of the Greek chorus made so clear to me, as in seeing and hearing these peasant singers of the mountains The singing was far from being of a high order, and some of the peasant faces were anything but beautiful, but there was a plaintive earnestness and a devotion in their tones and gestures which was extremely impressive. And equally so was the slow measured and noiseless step with which they came before the audience. The choragus first explains the scope of the representation, the Fall and Reconciliation of �he sinner to God through the Redeemer of the world. Then the chorus slowly parting, the curtain is raised and the first tableau represents the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden. From the very first moment you are amazed at the wonderful skill and taste displayed by the people. The tableaux are simple marvels of arrmgement, judged simply from an artistic standpoint, I hsve never seen snything to surpass ihem. And added to this there is an earnestness in the attitude of all the performers which shows that they are acting from deeper motives than any paid players could have. Now come scene after scene, tableaux and representations with spoken dialogue. All the main events in connection with the close of our Saviour's life are reproduced with always a proceeding suggestion or typical reminder of the Old Testament. The scene representing " Christ's entry into Jerusalem" which comes early in the mornings portion of the Passion Play, moves the audience profoundly. The immense stage is at first seen bare and empty. Soon the sound of rejoicing and shouting are heard, then slowly an immense throng begins to fill the streets, old men and women, youth and children, all in brilliant Eastern costumes. Palm branches wave in the air. Singing and melodies of welcome resound on every sid% And at last appears surrounded by this joyful company,a stately and imposing figure. You have feared, you have dreaded this moment. The very thought of anything of the kind has seemed to you like profanity. But the reverence, the tenderness, the devotion of these simple people, and the dignity and grace and sweetness of the one of their number who takes for the moment—as in a picture—this central fiijure,—sweep away, certainly for the time being, any such feeling. Of course the scenes are copied oftentimes closely from those famous paintings, which are the arttreasures of the world. the " Last Supper " brings immediately to mind the well-known painting by Leonardo dc Vinci. It would be impossible for me to endeavor to give even a hasty outline of the Passion Play, it continues from eight in the morning with an intermission of an hour at noon until five in the afternoon. The sun shines with summer heat or the rain falls in torrents, but still the stately march of the Passion Play goes forward. The morning sunlight passes into the fullness of high noon, and then begins to center towards the west before the end comes. We are led step by step through those last days of patient suffering, and trial through which our Saviour was called to pass, up to the final scene. This is given with the most realistic exactness. This is too painful, too overpowering, certainly for us with our protestant training. But even here the spirit of reverence shown at the beginning was in a peculiar degree manifested. We rise from our seats and wend our way homeward strangely moved. The grand story, this mighty history of that one matchless and wondrous life and death has been portrayed with wonderful vividness. I would never wish again to see the Passion Play as given in Ober-Ammer Gau, nor would I have gone probably to see it else where than in this little mountain village, where for centuries it has been represented with an undoubted religious fervor and earnestness, but once to have witnessed it and there, I count among the very greatest privileges of my life. 1 feel that the few words which I am permitted to send, written in the midst of many and pressing duties which claim my attention, can give scarcely anything approaching a connected idea of the Passion Play* But they may, poor and hasty as they are, lend some to read more in reference to this most unique celebration. There has been much written and well in reference to it. That it has done much, very much good—l have no shadow of doubt. That there are those to whom on the other hand all such representations are painful and displeasing I am aware and would for their opinion feel great and sincere respect. That which may move and stir one to more earnest thought, may be a source of difficulty to another oftentimes. Here at least I may be permitted to give the words of one who found in this representation reason rather for sincere thankfulness than an occasion for criticism. 1880. " Who has taught these simple minds this tenderness of feeling which is so evident in all their roles! This harmony, which does not detract from the glorious picture of the Redeemer as we believe on Him, but enables us to find In that maltreated innocence, in that reviled Holiness, the ideal so deeply impressed on our hearts? It is that pure enthusiasm of believing minds, love of God and of eternal truth that has inspired the villagers in their labors. Having once witnessed the Passion Play, we no longer look upon it as an interesting relic of the distant past out of keeping with the times, lingering on a threatened existence, but as upon the most marvelous and elevated dramatic exhibition of our epoch, and the perfection of the religious drama. Indeed, one can almost believe in witnessing the Play that he sees Christ descended to earth once more, preaching amid the sunny hills and valleys of Judea, living over the sad yet glorious events of His life among the men who misunderstood, persecuted and brutally pushed out of existence, —that life in whose sacrifice is hid the mystery of redemption and reconciliation." There is for us all who believe on Him, who is the Saviour of the world, (and who is there who can be so strangely unmoved by the glory and beauty of His Life nnd Death as to refuse the tribute of sincere and loving belief?) the joy and comfort of the thought that He still lives to comtort and to bless. As truly to-day He is near to us—as to those who felt the grace and blessing of His personal presence. It is not the story of a dead hero which is told through the centuries of missionary effort in the service of cathedrals, and from the pulpits girdling now the world, sculptured in marble, and sung in hymns or embalmed in the treasured and sacred writings of great and holy men, but that of a still living and sympathizing correct comprehension, this Friend and Saviour. * "Jesus I WbstonceThon wsst, Forever more Thou srt: Each moment of tbe ss.-.red psst Lives in the sscred Besrt. *. Thy yesterday on earth And thy ' to-day sbove ; Thy God-head, manhood, death and blrtb, One through eternal love. " Bsbe thst s mother bore. Child on the mother's knes ; Child fur the children evermore, Only the child-like see. below " Tbe Lamb of Ood Mute 'nestb the mortal pain Still on the Tbrone the Lamb we know, Still' aa It bsd been slain !' cross of old, " Nailed to the We still Thy wounda may greet, Hear Tby Come hither, and behold The pierced hand and feet. *' Yes, all Thou ever wast, Kor evermore Tbou srt : Esch moment of the living psst Lives In the loving Heart." '' * ' ' Frank W. Damon. Halle on the Saale, Prussia, Oct. 3d, 1880. Board, &c, in London, ONE DAT OR L.ONWER. AT MR. AND MRS. BURR'S, W. C. 10. II unit I*. «*•■"••• •* I will mfnllnn where you rnny get m qoiel retting-pier* In London lnfteftrcho' lh«t ftort of Ihlng I hnve in raj um'. wandered Into All aorta of hotel* nnd bonntlng liomfi Hat the rattle of the caw along the pitched-aton-.! mods h»« ever route between me and injr rent. The qaietelt end nlceel place thall hareaa yet diteovered within eeey reach of the light* and aoundl of London le Mr. Burr ■ Boardiog-Houfte, II there, Qaeen'i Kqnare, Bloomibury. There it a hone reeling c eolld comfortableness, ftn orderly management, end ft qafet at niirht which are all quite relreshlng Thla latter quality comes from there being no thoroughfare through thesquare, bat the othor good quallliei of the establishment are doe to the adtnlraMe cam and attention ol Mr. and Mr*. Burr,— Cl.et-la."—C»r7»>neajm Ckrnniclt, May 30th, IST*— II eul Qaeea't tfquare, W. U London. [Day ur HHigcr.j , �THE FRIEND, DECEMBER, In loving Ktnusiberauu of MRS. MARY HARROD ALLEN. WIR Or THK HON. I'AMNKN'UKKS. EuaUA BUNT ALLEN. Dted at tbe Realdence of her mother. Mra. Frederick Bangor. Mains, AUGUST 20, 1880. llubb. " Th* Lord is my strengh, and my song snd la become my salvation." , We improve the earliest opportunity afforded us for paying a passing tribute to the late wife of our friend Judge Allen, with whom we have walked life's pathway for a full generation. We can distinctly recall her advent in our island community, her presence in the House of God, and her genial and sympathetic presence in the social life of our Honolulu Society. A gentle Christian spirit added its charm to a mind peculiarly refined by both nature and education. As wife, mother and friend, she adorned the circle in which she was called to move, and it is peculiarly pleasant to recall her memory and think of her as now numbered among the Redeemed in that Better Land. Her, Christian example, we trust may beckon others forward to leave an equally pure and bright example of Christian gentleness and patience. Perhaps we owe our readers an apology for so crowding our columns with •• European Correspondence "• during the past few months, but we cnn assure them that, during the coming year we shall endeavour to fill our columns with.more varied matter. MARINE JOURNAL. PORT OF HONOLULU, S. I. ARRIVALS. Oct 30—P M 88 City of Sydney, Dearborn, 7 days and 2 hra from San Franclaco Nov 1-tktfW Almy. Freeman, lb} daya from Pen Frano—Bk DlacoTery, cisco Frnhallow, 224 daya from San Fran- 6—Am tern Hera, Wheelwright. 46 days fm New Castle 6—Brig Hazard, Miller, 33 days from Mairlke. »—Gen Hegel 11—Am arhr Clsus Spreckels. Conrlus, from 8 Franclaco 41 daya. via Aptoa 27 via Kabului 13—Yacht Lancashire Witch, Edlesaon, from Hilo 16-Bk Rainier, Wulff, 31 daya from Port Town'd Gamble 17—BkCamden, Cuttler, 26 days fromPort 18—Bktne Ella, Turner, 13 days from San Fran 19—BkColoma, Noyes, fromPortland. 20—Bk JohnM Clerk,Conant, 61 dayafm Hongkong 22—P M 8 8 City of New York, Seabury, 14 daya fm Auckland 24—Brig Conauelo, Howard, from San Francisco via Kahulul 20— SenExcelsior, Kuatel, 18 days from San Fran 38—P M 8 8 Australia. Carglll, 7 dya 6 hra, from 8 F 80—Haw echr Waihu, Reynolds 17 dya fm Wannington Island. Dae I—Stmr Hochung, Petersen. 20 dya fm Whampoa 3—Brk AmyiTurner, Newell, 138 dya fm Boston 3—Jennie Pitta, Blevert, dya fm Port Townaend — ■ •EPARTUREB. Oct 1— P M SS City of Sydney, Dearborn, for Sydney Nor 3—Brig J no D Spreckels, llaoaon, for San Franc.aro B—K—Schr Vivid, Cawley, ritoning Islands 3—Bk General Butler, Ryder, for Fort Tcwnaend 4—Ua Hawaii. Whitney, fur Jaluit,South Sea 6—Tupaail W H Meyara, Jonlon, for Baa Franclaco 8 —Kaluua, J W Cook, for cruising B—H M 8 Gannett. Ilourke. for Ualao 13—U 8 S Alaaka, Brown, for San Francisco 13—Bktne Dlacovery. Penhallow, for Ban Franciaco 16—WhallliiKbrk Pacific, Knualea. for Panama 18—Brk Helen W Almy, Freeman, forSan Franclaco 20—Bk Coloma, Noyas, for Hongkong 21—Brit Yacht Lancashire Witch, Elfeldaon, for Tahiti 22— P M B ■ City ofNew York, Seabury, for 8 Fran 23—?ch Clans Spreckels, Cousins, for Ban Fran 26—Bk Camden, Cuttler, for Port Townaend 23—Bk Martha Rldeont, »Ickburg,for Port Town'd 2J—Bk Raluer, Wulff, for Port Townaend 211—P M 6 8 Australia, Carglll, for Sydney Dec 3—Brktne Ella. Turner, forSan Franclaco 4-Bk J U Clerk, Williams, forbaa Franclaco FromSaoFra'iclaco.perCity of Sydney,Oct »U—Mr W X Foretcr, Mrs W N Bailey, Mlaa S D Thuraton, Mr e> Mrs Mr. 0 W«l, MIM Lamh. Mra Oderkirk, X A Pierce. Mln X Mr« C T Uullck, Mra U Norton, J A Buck, F WoKarlh. Mr C Becktlry, M While, J Williams and vile. H Bradley, 8T Corer. J Hug his and wife and 3 children, F Meyer, J Madison. A Randolph. E Eliering, Johir*\Villlauia,C Uerlt, 28 la steerage And 161 in transitu. For Sydney, per City of Sydney, Oct 30—Mr Coop, Mr 0 R iTmlh, X Montague, Mia l.iahman. From ban Francisco, per Dlacovery, Nov 4— W J Peters It wife. W T Porter. W a Lawrence, F 8 Dodge. W C Lofe, 0 X Merrill, M H Barton, J X Jordan,(I H Chase. X Llahman. I) Jenntr, J H Sneak. Jas O'Brien, H A Fraier, J W J Potter. For Han Francisco, per W H Meyer. Not »—A lleachowlll. M W M C'liuanry, B Casaln Son. For Jaluit, per Hawaii, Not a—H Groaaer. J Peaae. For Ban Franclaco, par J D Spreckels, Not 1 -Ktl Mclnerny, L Touaaalt. For Fauuluga Island, per Vivid, Not I—Frank Sutton, Oeo Orelg. lienry Uobbs, Mini (w). From San Franclaco, per H W Almy. Not I—Mra Delia Cuddy, Mr and Mra Mclntoah, Mr and Mra C J Prescott, John M Oat, D B Foster, Mra T W Eckley, Mra J D D« la Fuente and children. Mr and Mrs W B Parker and child, O W Hook, John Tsvell. Mra s Black, N huraham, J A Medill.John Kimball, F Finn, George Luproil. Manuel Cervantes, JohnBurrows, Jacinto Oouzaley, X Vula. For San Franclaco, per H W Almy. Not Is— F. Kyery, J W Melander, Perry Pearce, F Barnard aud.wlfe, Mrs StellaBlack, F Wade. From Fort Gamble, per Camden, Not 17—Cbsa Nelson. From San Franclaco, per Ella, Not 18—Otta Friedlander, AKills. U Poppoylch. Mrs Fred Hall. H Natter, John Jonea, H Goldstein, G J Gaeger, John Hurke, John Rice, A Holatrom, JohnKelly, E 1. Bnttull. W Edwards, Antonio Lookwal, E H Farley, and Portuguese. From Sydney, per City of New York, Not 22—Mra J Webb, W P Webb, Leonard F Webb. Percy Webb, Edward P Webb, Eleanor wfbb, Kathleen Webb, W Treacott, Mlaa Bray, W Smith, Jaa McGllveby. John Anderson, wife and children, P O'Nlel, and 70 paasengers in tranaitu. For San Francisco, per City of New York, Not 22— Miss A F Johnson, W B Parker wife and son, Mlaa Heasle Dickson. Mlaa Gedge, Mia Clara Fuller, Mra J A Magoon. George Harley, Mra C U Harria, W C Love, J Weir, D Noonan, F McCoppin wife and child, Miaa McCoppin, Mr Thos Heaketh, W B Murray, Mr VTaldvogel, Mra D Noonan, Misaea Makee, A Dc Clalrmont, 11 B Johnson, J C Crowell, J C Smith, John Farrell, W Cook. J H O'Brien, G Middlewood. J B Stevens, John Lucas, I Ehrenberg, Jno Grace, F B Scresovitcn. For San Francisco, per Claua Sprockets, Nov 23—A E Klugsman, H Closson. From San Franclaco, per Excelsior, Nov 20—F B Vernon, F L Purvis, J Mayer, J F Smith, 0 Brandt, F Simpson, Mra M Gillin, E A Gurney. W gtieu, J Robinson, Ah Youem. For Australia, per Australia, Nov 27 -Mrs Pfluger, child,and servant, J T Arundel. H Joes. Thus Uaslaur. From San Fraucisco, per Australia, Nov 29—D X Fyfa, and daughter, Mias Everett, H Morriaou, W P Poler, F J Lowrey, Mr and Mra Coleman, Henry N Wilson, Miss Wilkes, Miss Allen. Mr and Mra Croaby, Cbas B Wells, and wife. Rev S C Damon and wife, Kmile Kruae. Dr T P Tiadale, Mlaa E D Low, Mr and Mra Colby, G W Coffey, 0 Omla, Mr and Mrs Hopper, C T Eastman. 11 E Simmons, A H Spencer, J Rubeuateln, w N Armstrong, A Ehlers, Mrs J B Artherton and daughter, C E Covllle, G W Smith, Mr and Mrs A H Smith, Mra A Otto, Mra C Brtggemann, E V Baker. C J Garden. Judge McCtilly, W V Butterfleld, P N Makee, T C Porter, O D Allen, 8 flentry, Mrs C Lewis, J T Wright, and 33 Chinese. From Canton, per Hochung, Dec I—Mrs D lopeland. Miaa Clothilda Copeland, and 486 Chinese, including lv women, aud 1 child. For riiu Francisco, per Ella, Dec 3—F H Swanton. Jas R Kllday. Jaa O'Brien. For San Franclaco, per John M Clerk, Dec 3—Joseph Meyer, George Carter, D B Foster. From Boston, per Amy Turner, Dec 3—L V Brlggs, James Mattoon. From JohnsonsIsland, per Waiehu. Nov 30—Capt H 8 Comatock, W H Foye, C Roberta, and 11 native laborers. * * * * 1880. 93 EDITOR ABROAD.-No. 9. The sojourn of two or three days in each of the following cities—Dresden, Prague, Vienna, Saltzburg—enabled us, by the aid of Baedeker's "Guide Book" and other sources of information, to obtain something more than a mere tourist's knowledge of those cities, snd the countries of Which they are important centres. The months of July and August were most favorable for beholding these countries when the rich and golden harvest-fields were swarming with laborers, gathering in their abundant crops. At least one-third of all the laborers in Saxony, Bohemia, Austria,and Bavaria were females. Many of them were engaged in labors the most onerous and fatiguing. We saw many females mowing and pitching hay upon the carts, as well as engaged in the lighter parts of harvesting. Perhaps we might have been somewhat reconciled to this outdoor female labor on the ground of necessity during tbe busy season of summer-harvesting if we had not met, in country and city, hundreds and thousands of stalwart soldiers marching and counter-marching, and parading in their bright uniforms, or mounted, many of them on their fiery cavalry horses. We could not but infer that in these times of peace at least two millions out of the four millions of the standing armies of Europe shuuld be in the fields helping snd aiding their weary and toil-worn mothers, wives, and sisters in the downright hard work of the farm. No matter who suffers, the policy of the great monarchical Governments of Europe absolutely demands that the standing armies must be kept in the very highest degree of efficiency, all "armed to the teeth," and ready for action. The warelement attracts the tourist's attention in all the circles of European society and government which seems to be deplored on account of its enormous cost, but which is deemed as essentially necessary, while mankind and nations remain what they are. On psssing through Bavaria, we were glad of the opportunity ofa spending a week in Munich. Although Bavaria has been at one time attached to Austria, and at another to Germany, and never classed among tbe DIED. great Powers, yet historically it is an inPetebso!!— At the Telephone Station, Diamond Head. teresting nation. It has played no unimbeloved wife of on the Bth the Inst., Malika, Oabu, portant part in the political and military John Peterson. Youso.—ln this city on the 26th Inst, Pete* Youmo affairs of Europe during the last six hundred Kaeo, aged 44 yeara. and more years. Its Museums and Picture Galleries are among the most rich and valuable of Europe. During the last one Commercial & Statistical hundred years there is one man standing conspicuously among those aiming to adorn, beautify, and" improve Bavaria, but especially And Tourists' Guide, Munich, who deserves mention. We refer NOW READY FOR DELIVERY. to the American, Count Rumford. It surely is not a little noteworthy and strange tbat a PRICE, S3.QO. man born in a country town of old Massa|7 L'nlversslly oomaendedand endorsed by the Hswstian and California I'reea. tfee public of California and ths chusetts, during colonial days, should bare Hswstian lalanda. Contains over 760 pages; 10 Splendid found his way to Bavaria, become a high Lithographs, pertralla of His Majesty, King Kalakaua I, and Her Majesty, Queen Kspiolani. Map of Honolulu, full descrip- officer of the Crown, and, while thu-i honored, tion of sll the l«l-.ii*li. with complete Guide to Tourists, Laws should hare initiated national and city of the Kingdom, Legends. Anecdotes, kc., ke. tCT The Public will please take notice that the Publisherof reforms and improvements which render his this Directory will forward Copies to tbe Untied Stiles, Ureal Britain, aod tbe British Colonies, Pottage Paid, on receipt of name to-day as conspicuous ss that of almost $3, the prloe of the Book. Address tfce Publisher, any name in the historical annals of tbe GKO. KOWSKRkCO., P. O. Box IM 21 Merthsnt St., Honolulu, H. I. nation. We fancy some of our readers would THE HAWAIIAN KINGDOM DIRECTORY �94 THE KRIEND, DECEMBER, be pleased to learn sojnething more about Kumlord, alias Benjamin Thompson. He was born in Woburn, Massachusetts, in 1763. In the early stages of the revolutionary struggle he was-a strong patriot, but subsequently changed his politics and became an officer of the British Army, with the rank of a Major. On the surrender of Boston he took the news to England. Subsequently hfe returned to America, but being restless returned to Europe and became a Minister of the Bavarian Court. Under his direction and suggestion many improvements were made in and about Munich. Among them the old fortifications of the city were removed, and what is now styled the English Garden, was laid out and improved. He removed the cemetries outside of the city and established a Central Cemetery, which is now much visited and admired. His improvements extended to clothing and feeding the army, improvintr the condition of the poor, suggesting improvements in cooking and actually established houses for feeding the poor, some of which, with modifications still exist. In scientific matters he was a second Benjamin Franklin. So much esteemed was his memory by a late King of Bavaria, that a public monument and siatue have been erected in the city, the one in the English Garden and the other in front of the National Museum. It is not a little remarkable amid so many monuments and statues in honor of Kings, Artists and Dignitaiies of the Church, to meet with this monument and statue to a son of New England. In consequense of political revolutions dur. ing the wars of Napoleon when Bavaria suffered so fearfully, Count Rumford left tbe Kingdom and returned to England, where hs became Vice-President of the Royal Society of England, and assisted in its establishment. He published various works on the qualities of heat, copies of which were pointed out to us in the Royal Library of Munich. He subsequently retired to his estate, in the neighborhood of Anteuil, in France, where he died in 1814- We would merely add that his title as Count was conferred by tne King of Bavaria, but instead of attaching to his name some European city or estate, he chose the term Kumford, which belongs to a small villiage or country place in New Hampshire, where, we believe, he taught school in his youth. If we mistake not, by his will, he endowed a Professorship at Harvard University. There is much in the life of Benjamin Thomson, both interesting and instructive. The week we spent in Munich was fully Occupied, and if space allowed we should gladly comment upon much we there met with lo admire and study, and leaving that region we entered the Republic of Switzerland, passing through Lindau, crossing Lake Constance, we visited a city of that name where Huss, the Martyr, was burnt in 1415. Hurrying forward to Basle we visited the celebrated Mission School, from whence Foreign Missionaries go to India, Africa and China. Among the photographes of missionaries who have there graduated, as we saw them in their Museum, we were pleased to notice that of the Rev. R. Lechler, now •'laboring so successfully in Hongkong, Chi- *unt Sandwich Islands during the last few years. Oilier missionaries have gone to Africa and India, whose record is most praiseworthy. From Basle we visited Zurich, Mt. Rigi, Lucerne, Berne, Lausanne and Geneva. The few days spent amid the beautiful lakes and grand mountains of Switzerland, form a bright and charming picture on the tablet of our memory, which we trust will never be effaced. The weather was such as to facilitate the rambles of tourists and we do not wonder that thousands and tens of thou- sands of health seekers and pltasure-lovers forsake their homes amid the crowded cities of England and Germany, accompanied by not a few from over the Atlantic to spend a few weeks amid the valleys and mountains of Switzerland. At one noted place of resort. Interlaken, we learned that at least 40,--000 would this season visit that place alone. It is from this place of beautiful resort among the lakes and mountains that a ride of a couple of hours will bring the tourist to a veritable Alpine Glacier. It wns our privilege to visit this spot, high up amoug the Alps, where bright, fields are in in close proximity to an immense glacier, which for ages has been slowly making its way to the valley below. The tourist could stand and almost touch the mountain of ice with one hand and pick flowers with the other. A grotto has been actually cut into the solid ice, which m»y be entered, and the dense mass appears as clear as crystal But we must hasten on our journey and leavine the delightful scenes, high up among the Alps, where Swiss peasants dwell in all the simplicity whereof we read in books of travels, and take a sail on the lake, about which Byron once wrote — L»kf Lemitn woos me with its crystal fsce." But we do not believe the poet had ever '■ seen the lake under more favorable circumstances than it was our privilege to view it on Saturday, August 14th. We spent the previous night at Lausaune. a city rich in its historical associations, and fully freighted with stirring incidents in eccesiasticnl history. There it was that Calvin and Farel took their stand for the doctrines of the Reformation, as Luther had previously done in Germany, only they made no half way work of breaking away trom the Romish Church. At Lausanne noblemen in subsequent years have lived and nobly contented for the reformed doctrines. But we were saying that Lake Leman was wooing us, and after viewing " Chillon," so touchingly described by Byron in his " Prisoner of Chillon," we embarked upon " its crystal waters," and for several hours skirted its hilly shores, vine-clad to their summits, and dotted with beautiful villages-from the centre of each rose a church spire. The smooth and glassy waters of the lake, mirrored on the right the Jura mountains with their " misty shroud," and on the left '• the joyous Alps." We passed Vevey, stepping ashore to visit some American friends, and re-embarking, we passed Lausanne, Coppet, and other villages once the residences ofthose renowned in history— Gibbon, Byron, Madame dc Stael, Rousseau, Voltaire, Calvin, D'Aubigne, and many others whose fame has rendered the shores of Lake Leman, renowned in historic na, and from under whose able teaching so annals. A Sabbath in Geneva we had been looking many Christian Chinese have come to the 1880. forward to with interest. The evening shatlows had (alien upon the city ere our little steamer entered the harbor, but we soon were snugly lodged in one of the numerous hotels looking out upon the lake. It is liternlly a city of hotels, for great is the number of summer excursionists visiting this part of the world. We found ourselves obeying the call of the great bell of the Cathedral on Sabbath morning, for we were anxious to worship in the edifice where Calvin preached and lectured, and otherwise carried forward the almost crushing and Herculian burden of the Reformation. The Cathedral pulpit is now occupied by the Protestant ministers of the Established Church. The edifice has been handsomely restored during later ye. rs—of course no pictures or crucifixes are to be seen within its walls, as in all Catholic churches. The services were conducted after the usual form of Congregational or Presbyterian order. We regret we could not understand the sermon in French, but were told that it was orthodox that morning, although some in the Cathedral-pulpit are very rationalistic in their utterances. After leaving the Cathedral, we found our way to the American chapel, supplied by the Rev. Dr. Stevens, of the MethodistEpiscopal Church, whose history of Methodism is so well known. His pulpit was occupied on this occasion by a young American Baptist minister, now studying in Europe, but pastor of the American chapel in Dresden. We do not hesitate to remark that on this occasion the young man (the Rev. J. F. Genug), preached a most eloquent and admirable discourse, taking for his text .the words of the Apostle Paul in his Epistle to the Galations : " Wherefore the law was our schoolmaster to bring us unto Christ, that we might be justified by faith." We only wish it was in our power to reproduce that sermon in the pages of The Friend. It was really one of the most logical expositions of the nature of the Law of God, and especially the Mosaic Law, that we ever listened to, showing most clearly the nature of law as man's rule of obedience in the early stages of man's existence ; but hew, in Christ, law met with its highest and noblest development. We learned that the young man was studying to fill some professorship in the United States, and most confidently can we congratulate any seminary which mny secure his services. It was exceedingly gratifying in this old city of Geneva, so intimately associated with Calvin's teaching, to hear a pure gospel so ably set forth and defended by a young theologian from our native land. It is common, in some quarters, to utter remarks depreciating the doctrines of the Bible as explained by Calvin, but let no one imagine that C'alvanism in a modified form has died out of the Church of Christ. Some may criticise the rhetoric, but still there is a grand fundamental truth underlying the following utterance of the Rev. Joseph Cook, the celebrated lecturer of Boston : " Plymouth Rock is a piece of granite broken off the Alps at Geneva. When were they thrown up? There was an hour on Calvary when the sun muffled his face at noon, and the rocks were rent, and then were thrown up the Alps, off which Plymouth Rock was broken." Paris, France, August 25, 1860. �TBE FRIEND, DECEMBER, APVBSTI3BMBWTS. Places of Worship. Seamen's Bkthki.—Rev. 8. C. Dumon. Chaplain, ONFKCIIONERV. BY P. McINBKNV. 71, l'..rt etreat,above Hotel atraet. King street, near tbe Ballon' Home. Preaching Constantly on hand, an assortment of the ne.t French and at 11 A.M. Seats free. Salibatb School before tbe CHlitornlanCandiea, made hy tbe heat confectioner*. In tba morning service. Prayer meeting on Wednesday world, and theae he oilers for aaie at Trade or Retail Prices. iy evenings at 7-J o'clock. Fort Street Chcbch—Rev. W. Frear. Pastor, c a IRWIN fc CO.. «mr corner ol Fort and Beretania streets. Preaching on Sundays at 11 a. M. and 7J p. M. Sabbath Gbmmt.i-u.on Merchants, School at 10 a. M. Planutlon and Ineurance Agents, Honolulu, H. I. Parker. Pastor, Kawaiaiiau Church—Rev. H. H. W PEI R C E fc CO.. A King street, above the Pahice. Services in Ha(Suoceaon to 0. I*. Richard, k Co.) waiian every Sunday ut 11a.m. Sabtmth school at 10 A. M. "Kvvning services at 74 o'clock, alter- Ship Chandlersand General Commission Mernating with Katimakapili. District meetings in chants. various chapels at 3.30 r. \i. Prayer meeting Honolulu, Oahu, Hawaiian Island.. every Wednesday at 7J P. M. Chuuch—Under the charge of Agents Paulo* Salt Works, Brand's Bomb Laices, Rt. Rev. Bishop Muigret, assisted by Rev. Father A*a*a Ferry Dnvia* Pali. Killer. Hermann ; Fmt street, near Beretania. Services TO P. ADAMS. every Sunday at 10 a. M. and t i'. M. Kaumakapii.i Church—Rev. M. Knaea. Pastor. Auction and Commission Merchant, Beretania street, near Nimaiin. Services in HaFire-Proof Store, in Ruhinaon's Building, Queen Street. waiian eveiy Sunday at ln£ a. m. Sabbath achnul at lit) a. M. Evening Bervices at 7£ u'clock. alterHOFFMANN, M D., nating with Kawaiahao. Prayer meeting every . Wednesday al "I, r. M. Physician and Surgeon, The Amji.ican Churcu—Bishop, the Rt. Rev. Al- Corner Merchantand Kaahumanu Streets, near tbe Post Office fred Willis. I) D. ; Clergy. Rev. Rob't Dunn, M. A., Rev. Alex. Mackintosh. St. Andrew's Temporary ■ EWERS fc DICKSON. Cathedral, Beretania street, opposite the Hotel. Dealers in Lumber and Building Materials, English services on Sundays at lIJ and 11 a. m.. and Fort Street, Honolulu, H. I. and 7$ r. \t. Sunday School at tbe Clergy 2*J Huns., at 10 a. m. THOS. C. THRUM, For Sale at Sailors' Home Depository. Society. Price 76c. $8.00 per Uoaen. BREWER* **p STATIONERY AND NEWS DEPOT, No. 19 Merchant Street, » Honolulu. D., Can be consulted at his residence on Hotel street, between Alakea and Fort streets. A. li. SlfflTll, IMPORTER & DEALER IN JEWELRY. King's Combination Spectacles, Glassand lated Ware, dewing Machine*, Picture Frames, Vases, Brackets, etc. etc. No. TB, Fort St. [ ly] TERMS STRICTLY CASH B. a. J. WHITIfCT W. fcOIKRTSuN WHITNEY & H.ROBERTSON, M. (Successors to STATIONERY St, PERIODICALS. OF THE HAWAIIAN GUIDK Jarres' History of the Hawaiian Islands, Hawaiian Phrase Book, Hawaiian Grammar, Andrews' Hawaiian' Grammar, Hawaiian dictionary, Chart of the Hawaiian Islands. ALSO, OR IAXD, OTHER BOOKS ON THE ISLANDS. THE HAWAIIAN HOTEL, PACKAGES LIFE INSURANCE GO. Thirty-fourth Annual Report! »3H.OO0.()O o ASSETS(Caah) 8,000,000 7,000,000 ANNUAL INCOME CASH SURPLUS THE THAT AGENTS OF Mutual Ufa Insurance Packets, New 11HR The Union Marine Insurance Sao Francitoo, REGULAR PORTLAND LINK OT Kngland tf NOTICE TO SHIP MASTERS. DILLINGHAM & CO., No. 37 Fort Street, KEEP A FINE ASSORTMENT OF Goods Suitable for Trade. MASTERS VISITING THIS POET daring the tut Six Yeara can tMtifjr Irom personal SHIP of perience that tbe underlined keep the beat aaaortmant GOODS FOR. TRADE And Sell Cheaper than any other House in the Kingdom. DILLINGHAM k CO. TREGLOAN'H NEW TONTINE INVESTMENT POLICIES. BEING PRACTICALLY Merchant Tailoring ESTABLISHMENT, Corner Fort and Hotel Streeti. CALL. TH B ATTENTION arlb* Clllftu ofOahusnd the other Ulan-la to tba hot that I aara OPENED a large I First-Class Establishment. W here Gentlemen can Und a An Endowment Policy Well-selected Stock of Goods, ears, AT TBE USUAL LIFE RATES. — New lark, in nu aairra i« Ba.oa, Parle. — Aa.ekl.aa4. TBE ORIENTAL BANK. CORPORATION, LONDON, -iidtiiik BaaaovMii H-»M(ls*a(, SjSmrj. aw) aa to aty le, and adapted to thia climate. Having had an exteneiv-- experience In connection with tome of the largest importing houiee in New York awl Philadelphia, I can assure my -L-uaioaiera that they will not only Choaen with great THE BANK OF CALIFORNIA, BAN FRANCISCO, ALLEN HERBERT, PROPRIETOR, ALU THE MODERN IMPROVE- Company, Company, The Kohala Sugar Company, The Haiku SugarCompany, The Hamakua Sugar Company, The Walatua Sugar Plantation, Th- Wheeler fc Wilaon Sewing Machine Company, Dr. Jayne A Bona Celebrated Family Medicine*, ISSUES HONOLULU, a ftrat-slaaa Halal. GENERAL MERCHANDISE! ONLY~COMPANY HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. DRAW KXCHANSI ON ments requisite for carrj lug on IMPORTERS AND DEALERSIM ex- 11. II ACKFKLD fc CO., General Agents. C. O. KKKGER, Special Agent for the Hawaiian laland.. BISHOP fc 00., BANKERS, HAS CASTLE & COOKE •• Whitney), Importers and Dealers in Foreign Books, PUBLISHERS BOOK, ED. DUNSCOMBE, Manager. Honolulu, January 1,1876. OF READING MATTER—OF Commission and Shipping Merchants, Honolulu, Oanu. 11. I. HOME! "^J. Papers and Magaiinea, back numbers—put up to order at reduced rates for parties going to sea. ly CO.. |OHN S. MeGREW, M. Late Surgeon U. S. Army, SAILORS' . * Itv AM> I'll I vkm*: LKSSOMS. ENGLISH Rev. A. W. Looraia. Published by American Tract 95 1 880-. — Melk.»rae. And TraaMOt a GeneralDisking Bnainaaa. »Pl» M secure ths Very Best Materials but will also obtain at my place The BEBT FITTINC CARMENTS that can ba turned oat ot any establishment In th* ICaatern cilice. English Hunting Pantaloons! LADIES' RIDING HABITB MADE A SPECIALITY. Children's Suits, in Eaitem Style*. W. TBEOLOAN, Bia.Hla. �YMoeunnH 'gsAChoricatf onolulu. L Pure religion and undeftted before Ood, the Father, is this: To visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction, and to keep one's self unspotted from the worim A note irom the Harlem,WTf., branch of THIS PACK IM Young men, what are you going to do by about theee crowds of your fellows coining into the Y. M. 0. A., says, that a reading-room ia to the the country? The steamer of the last of the be opened there, and asks for a copy of The Y. M. C. A. meets the third Thurs- month brought n large number—some for busi- Frifnd. A reading-room at that point will have day of every month, at the Lyceum, for ness, some for travel, and not a few persons to a broad field Tor usefulness, especially on Sunbusiness and discussion. All interested in on days, when' that suburb is thronged with come, looking for Y. M. C. A. work are cordially invited to settle. Theyin stores, as graziers. employment Most of them pleasure-seekers from the near city. Some who plantations, attend. hand, bad the other their inclinations would otherwise be at bout and other races may ; oo List or Orricsis sun Stakdiko Committees or the are not their Sunday afternoon Y. M. C. A. are to do well, to be honest, to establish a place be induced to spond Preeident. Dr. J. M. Whltnejr ; Vice President, E. C. rather than on the river bank, or. in sotno there, Damon; Secretary, W. A. Kinney ; Treasurer, c. A. for themselves in a new country which they might beer garden. The Friend wilf be sent. Petereon. not obtain in an old. They need, and will reHeading Boom Committor -E. Dunacombe. Editor—Wm. R. Castle, Editor of the Bth page of The ceive kindly, pleasant suggestions, invitations, to |y Mr. Joseph Cook, the Boston lecturer, Friend tor this quarter. Chineee Mission Committee—Rev. 8. C. Damon, H. places of reputable resort, to church, into society. was tendered a reception by tho Y. M. C. A. in Waterhouae, J. B. Atherton, Rev. ('. M. Hyde. Entertainment Committee—William O. Smith, T. H. Are we doing what we ought in this behalf? London. The occasion was marked by the atDavlea. men from many Employment Committee—B. B. Dole. E. Dunscombe, Can we not do more—do it better, and with tendance ol representative Cook delivered Mr. branches work. of Christian B. F. Dillingham energy ? Committee to Visit the Hospital and Prison—G. C. whole-souled a oourse of lectures in England and Scotland, Laea, E. Deropale, W. W. Hall, Dr. Y. M. Hyde. Committee of Early Meeting at Fort-street Church—Dr. ■jyThe Y. M. C. A. " Monthly Notes " is which was attended by large numbers who were J. M. Whitney, O. C. Lees. deeply interested and attracted hy the words and the title ola monthly publication of the asso- arguments of the tlmughtlul Bustonian. Cali(it-eat usidd from much in- fornia might learn a lessuu in manners Irom this Britain, A Convention of the College Young Men's ciations of Christian Association of the United States was teresting information regarding the various asso- English reception. held in October this year at New Brunswick, N ciations and their work, it contains an exceedThe Young Men's Christian Association of Y. Tbe special object ol tbe meeting, which was ingly interesting series of Bible studies. Pro- Now South Wales has recently established a in session lour days, was to consider the relations bably at no time has the Bible been tbe object of journal, which indicates active work in that of tbose bodies to tba foreign missionary work. so much intelligent and earnest study as to-day, quarter of the world. In an item speaking of The results obtained are most important and in- and anything throwing light on the subjeot will what others say of them, it says:—"People hope spiring. Btit an extract from the report will be be read with interest. The Bible is a wonderful generally are speaking well of itus—we do to have nothing wrong." How would of most interest to readers : " As a result of the book! Some of the very arguments used by is some one speak well of us. proceedings an Inter-Seminary Missionary Alli- jesters and unbelievers, to the intelligent people advent of ance waa formed, committees were ohosen to epoak most strongly in its I'avur. The The most pressing need of the age is a with intense will and another Convention revised Bible be watched work, tbe carry forward tbe multiplication of grand and holy men—not lopwas appointed to meet in Allegheny city, Pa., in interest. sided and skeleton professors, but men developed on all sides' ef their character ; men whose pesOctober, 1881. Ths influences of thia moveof jy This little page is read by members sions are regulated by reason, whose reason is There will be over-estimated. ment cannot associations in inaDj parts of the world. Now, influenced by oonsoiencs, and whose conscience doubtless be such a turning to mission fields as brothers in other lands, when you know or hear is governed by supreme love to God. bas not been witnessed sine; tbe days of the of young people coming to Honolulu or other apostles, aod those men wbo do not go will have parts of the Hawaiian Islands, will you not make The Chincese Church.—The congregation for whioh the Chinese Church has been erected was ormissionary churches at home. Two hundred and it a special point to furnish such young people ganised at tbe time of ths meeting of tbe Hawaiian seminaries the in students from thirty-two fifty with letters to the president or other officers of Evangelical Alliance two yeara ago on an application United States and Canada! These are pioked tbe Honolulu Y. M* C. A ? For the present from thirty seven Chrislisn Chinese who presented men from a band of three thousand students in year, ending in April, 1881, Dr. J. M. Whitney their disroissory papers, shewing them lo have been Churches one hundred seminaries, who represent tbe high- is the president, and he will give thetu all a most members of Congregational or Presbyteriannumber of io other oountrirs Since that time the est intellectual and spiritual culture. Tbe memsee that are introduced and beinortssed, they members his somewhat hearty welcome, and Cbureb bers of that Convention will preach during their to Christian brothers, and into good associations. sides a body of between forty and fifty in Honolulu there are a number scattered through the Islands. ministerial careers in at least 2,000 churches to Do not lorget this. That tbsy already possess a building like that now so half a million of people. Only eternity can nearly oompleted is in a great measure due lo the reveal tbe influence tbey will exert in behalf ol The September number of the "Monthly liberality, and seal in tbeir bsiialf, of Mr. J. T. missions. Notes '' contains/! fine diagram of Exeter Hall, in Waterhou-e, wh beaded a subscription list with The following note, taken from the Montreal London, with tbe proposed changes to adapt it for $500, and promised a like sum in addition for every the members of the Church raised among Y. M. C. A.'s publication is so good in its sugges- the use of religious societies—and particularly for 91.000 themselves. Tbey have isslously helped themselves here, that it is inserted the Young tions, and applies so well Men's Christian Association. It will and bays consequently foond others resdy to help in lull :—"To members How many young men be provided withjleolure and class rooms, parlor, them. The lot upon whioh the new tiuilding is ereoted was purobased for $4,600, and the ohurcli bave you influenced to become members of the dining and coffee rooms, besides other con- itself has cost about 96,700. In order that ths proMsny tbis removals year? association during perty may be legally held hy aod secured to lbs veniences. congregation in perpetuity for the purposes to wbieh from tbe city, on account of business changes, Rev. Dr. (this means Father) Damon it is about to be oooseorattd, the congregation has have taken place, whioh has .effected our home from his extended tour by the been incorporated Tbe board of Trustees oonrists strength numerically. II each member, however, returned members, hslf of whom ars Chinese. The steamer of Sunday, the 28th ultimo. Everyone of ten a were only to take this matter to heart, much will rejoioe to see his familiar face, and hear tbe organisation of ihe Cbureb is ocmplete*. Tbey have larger accession would be made monthly than is well-known hearty tone of his kind voioe. Our tbeir own pastor, Mr. Sit Moon, tbeir own deacons aod tbeir own oonfsssion of Faith whioh Is based now recorded, and thus the usefulness of the association will welcome his return with tbe upon that of the Presbyterian Cburoh.—P. C. A. heartiest satisfaction. At tbis association increased. season especially, We are happy to welcome home from when many strangers are coming to the city, let Two editions of the revised translation of The committee their travel. Rev. Dr. and Mrs. Damon. European members be on tbe alert. our Testament will be published during tbe bave provided books containing ■proposition tbe New bave visited tbe several fatherlands under Tbey the Oxford tbe happiest auspice*; and tbey return wilb blanks' which oan be obtained from She Fall, In England. The one from by the revisers, greatly improved bealtb, and laden with treasures secretary. Call and gat one, and see bow many press, will be the text adopted tbe derived from pleasant observation, to a wide names you can send for next month. The mem- wbile the other from Cambridge, will begivingcomthe circle ; as wit|e as tbe Arcbipelafo, of warmly foot-notes bership fee is only fI.OO, wbicb is within tbe monly received text,thewith revisers. attached friends.—P. C, A. changes adopted by reach of all." EdaiCteom CMYhf.eA. - . . : . � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Friend (1880) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Friend - 1880.12.01 - Newspaper Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1880.12.01