https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/1511a5bfb1801ec02908499c8b366734.pdf 18af9af3578728c8b6f75f94dfbd85c6 PDF Text Text HONOLULU, H. 1., OCTOBER, Volume 50. vyrvi. R. ATTORNEY AT LAW, Merchant St., •Ud to POM Office. Trust BOOey carefully j invested. T iiB7>'r Si Kntrance, Hotel Street i G. THRUM, STATIONER, BOOKSELLER AND NEWS AGENT. Publisher of the Hawaiian Almanac and Annia:, Dealer hi Fine Stationery, Rooks, Mu-mc, toys ,iml Pert Street, iil'.u Fancy ( Hotel Straat, ml Btvr iooiui - Honolulu. IT HACKFELD & CO., Commission Merchants, . - Corner Qtwtn and Foil Streets, ~TT Honolulu. "D Y. EHI.ERS & CO., DRY GOODS IMI'ORTr-RS, IfoH Street, Hoti"lulu. lat«St Novelties ill Fancy .oods Received by < tt-\f All the every Steatner. THEO. janBy H. DAVIES & CO., Kaaliumaiiu Street, Honolulu Oeit era I Iff Com mission Agents .tritij.li and Foreign Marine Insurance Co. Northern Assurance Company (Fire and Life.) "I ioneet" Line Packets, Liverpool lo Hoi.ohilu. 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Back numbers to 1875 can be had, excepting for the years 1879 and 1882. Address: THOS. (i. THRUM, Publisher, Honolulu. jan qz �r FttlKHO i- published h-f? first day .Imi>..lulu. H. 1. Subs- rii'liuii rate I I'm; o' each ni.-nth, \vn \ h.AK in hOWAMCf. DoLLAM a! MM i> ;ii -mi- ami lattCTP connected nth t c liiernr a d M uazincs, for Krview nd Kitchange*: Rhould he atl<lresscd "Ri-.v. S Elismoi', IloniiluUi, H I Bu<MDW lett rs should !c addrc sed "T. 0. Thkim, Honolulu. H. I. ■Ml cooMim dcp.utme t nt the pajwr, S. K. BISHOP - - CONTENTS. Th.- Lottery Hill A New < abtnet Scientific Expedition to Muni Kea Win ked and Starving I.adif-s Antt-L ttery Memorial to the (Jueen i'oiiai-e Redress The In In trial Home John T, VVhittier Rev, James Bicknell Obituary The Marl or liar Removed Measurement* at Kilauee Monthly Record or Kvei.t Marin-' Journal NUMUKK 10. HONOLULU. H. 1., OCTOBER, 1892. Volume JO. ■ Hawaiian Hoard Editor. Pack. 78 73 78 74-r< 7fi 7-8 78 78 78 77 77 77 78 78 80 The Lottery Bill. The discussion of this evil proposition in llie Legislature was postponed by the Cabinet complications. It will probably come up at an early date. Meantime the delay has given opportunity for a vigorous and very united expression of public opinion against the iniquity. None of our English daily papers have supported it, and we believe none of the Hawaiian. A great deal of forcible writing has denounced the Lottery in the papers. The communications in its favor have been few. The Anglican Church Chronicle and the Diocesan, which represent the Anglican sentiment, have contained strong and intelligent articles against it. Pungently worded leaflets denouncing and exposing its iniquity \rec\iz been circulated among Hawaiians. Memorials and petitions against the Lottery have poured in from all parts of the Islands. The Ladies' memorial to the Queen is elsewhere reported. The Chamber of Commerce has protested against it. A large petition from the great body of our business men has gone to the Legislature against it. On the other side, it is said that a considerable proportion of the natives favor the Lottery. This is probably true in the Chinese clte-fa lotteries, which through police connivance were, not long ago, so active in absorbing the people's earnings as to cause a falling off of 20 per cent, in the daily sales of beef. It is also reported, as we grieve to say, that a large number of our intelligent white mechanics favor the lottery, believing that the -$500,000 annual subsidies prom ised will give them much needed employment. We are sure that this is a delusion, and that the general poverty and misery which attend lottery gambling would vastly enhance the hard times. We are still not without some apprehension as to the action of the Legislature. Although the organization proposing the Lottery has been denounced as a sham and a "fake," there is good reason to believe that they have a large sum of money in hand and are diligently "putting it where it will do the most good." Unpleasant reports have been in circulation about the attitude of the Palace and of the Cabinet towards the Lottery. We trust the event will prove them untrue. We believe that while the Queen may possibly at the outset have been misled by interested parties, she will have become enlightened on the subject, and will act worthily. A New Cabinet. After twelve days delay, a Cabinet was appointed by the Queen. Their names appear in our monthly record of events. They are well known public men. The new Cabinet is generally estimated as showing a material advance in ability over the former one. Mr. Neumann's appointment as Attorney-General had precipitated the removal of the last Cabinet. His reappointment to this one was regarded as a defiance of the House by the Palace, and a heated struggle ensued, but the Resolution of Want of Confidence failed by one vote, and the Palace scored a victory. The business of the House which had been suspended for over two weeks, was actively resumed of the multitude who have participated on the 19th. 73 The Friend think the Queen makes I great mistake, we honestly sympathize with her painful anxiety to hold on to the men whom she supposes to be the main-stay of the throne against conspirators and annexationists. It is this feeling that makes her cling to Messrs. Wilson and Neumann, and led her to treat the continuance of the latter as a tint qua non. We are certain that a far higher and safer policy for her Majesty would be to choose the best and most honorable men for her advisers, and loyally trust herself to their fidelity. In 41 period of change and transition such as the present is manifestly growing to be, her only security and honor lie in having over her government men who have earned the public confidence. Such men would not betray her trust, and they would draw towards her that esteem and sympathy which a Sovereign always needs. The new Cabinet are understood to be vigorously cutting down the Appropriation Bill in view of the great shrinkage of public revenue, a most needful course of action. Although we Sloggerism.—When the Monowai arrived on the 23d, the only new obtainable by the public for several hours was the supreme, overwhelming fact that one ruffian slogger had whaled another one. This precious item was brought in by the pilot-boat from the steamer quarantined outside. It was paraded in solitary glory with startling head lines in the morning paper. The betting section of the community—doubtless a large one —were too much absorbed in this colossal fact to ask for any other news. The Cholera at New York, the Presidential campaign, British politics, were matters of insignificance. It was not until four in the afternoon that fumigations were complete, and the papers distributed, and those were fed, whose souls could not be made happy upon the doings of toughs and bruisers. What a good thing it would be, if such garbage could be altogether disinfected out of our mails. �74 THE FRIEND. KEA.—XPWMTSCDIEUNOFKASHENUMMIT. (Abridged from the account given by Professor W. D. Alex. anilii ii, the Pacific Commercial Advertiser.J The excellent results of Mr. E. D. Preston's work on Haleakala in 1887 led the American Academy of Sciences to recommend that a similar series of observations,should be made on Mauna Kea. The U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey granted Mr. Preston leave of absence for the purpose, and lent the necessary instruments, while the trustees of the Bache fund applied its income to the same object. The Hawaiian Government Survey also contributed assistance, in consideration of the value of the the magnetic and latitude work. Mr. Preston had been engaged at Waikiki for an entire year in cooperating with Dr. A. Marcuse of the Berlin observatory in a series of delicate latitude observations. This "most important work having been satisfactorily completed, Mr. Preston entered upon the task of making a complete series of pendulum, latitude .and magnetic observations at the sea level, on the side of Maunakea, and again at its summit; one important object being to determine its specific gravity, and as it were to weigh the mountain. The stations occupied were to be carefully connected with the triangulation of the GovernmentSurvey. The party left Honolulu for Kawaihae June 25th, consisting of Mr. E U. Preston, astronomer, Mr. W. E. Wall, his assistant, Surveyor-General W. 1). Alexander as surveyor and quarter-master, with Messrs. W. W. Chamberlain and Louis Koch. The first station occupied was in the village of Kawaihae, near the sea. The next station was on the windswept plain of Waimea 2000 feet above the sea, on the north of the mountain. From Waimea our freight was carted thirty-five miles half-way around the mountain to the Kalaieha sheep station, which we made our base of operatious in attacking the mountain. A wagon road made by the owners of the Humuula Sheep Ranch leads from Waimea around the western and southern sides of Mauna Kea. On the western side of the mountain it passes through a region which only needs more rainfall to make it a superb grazing country. The ancient forests here, as at Waimea, have been nearly exterminated, but a fine grove of mamane trees still survives at the Auwaiakeakua Ranch. The manienie grass is gradually spreading and will in time add immensely to the value of the land. At the half-way station, called Waikiki, water tanks and a rest house have been provided for teamsters. After turning the corner we skirted the desolate plain studded with volcanic cones that lie between the giant mountains of Hawaii, riding through loose volcanic sand amid clouds of dust. Oc- casional flocks of quails or pigeons were the only living creatures to be seen. At length the vegetation began to be more dense, the patches of piipii grass and the groves of the beautiful and useful mamane or sophora tree more frequent, as we approached the Hilo district. Barbed wire fences showed that we were approaching civilization, and at last we came in sight of the Kalaieha Sheep Station with its neat buildings, its water tanks and telephone lines, and general air of thrift, all testifying to the energy and foresight of its manager, A. Hantberg, P2sq. Nearly every afternoon this region is enveloped in dense fog which pours in from the east, driven by the trade wind. At night, during our stay, the thermometer generally fell below 40 deg. Fahr., and frost is not uncommon. The elevation, according to the barometer, is about 6700 feet. Here Mr. Preston established an astronomical and pendulum station, and made a complete series of observations, as at Kawaihae, while surveys were made to connect it with the primary triangulation The party was then joined by Mr. E. I). Baldwin, from Hilo, who brought two pack animals and a muleteer, and by Mr. J.J. Muir, from Mana. Mr. Baldwin had visited the summit in 1890, and had afterwards made a valuable map of the central part of Hawaii The first start for the summit was made on the morning of July 19th, but an ambitious mule, which had the honor of carrying the magnetic instruments, ran away in the thick fog, and was not found till 3 p.m., after six hours of searching. Fortunately no harm had been done to the instruments. The next morning the thermometer stood at 35 deg. Fahr. The fog cleared early, and a finer day for the ascent could not be imagined. Mr. Haneberg now took command of the pack train, and had the caravan loaded and set in motion by 7:45 a.m., the guide riding in front, followed by eleven pack mules and as many men on horseback. One sturdy brute carried the pendulum receiver, weighing about one hundred pounds, on one side, balanced by bags of cement on the other. After riding nearly two miles due east from the ranch, we turned to the north, gradually ascending through a belt of country thickly covered with groves of mamane. We crossed a shallow crater just east of a conspicious peak called "Ka lepe a moa," or cock's comb, and began to ascend the mountain proper. After climbing a steep ridge through loose scoria and sand, the party halted for lunch at an elevation of 10,500 feet. The upper limit of the mamane tree is not far from 10,000 feet. The Raillardia, apiipii, extends a thousand feet higher. The beautiful Silver Sword (Argyroxiphium), once so abundant, is nearly [October, 1892. extinct, except in the most rugged and inaccessible localities. The trail next turned to the east, winding around an immense sand crater called "Keonehehee," 11,600 feet in elevation, which stands at the edge of the summit plateau. Further to the southeast we were shown a pillar of stones which was raised to commemorate Queen Emma's journey over the mountain to Waimea in 1883. The summit plateau which is perhaps five miles in width, gradually slopes up from all sides towards the central group of hills. It is studded with cones (most of which contain craters), composed of light scoria, like those in the crater of Haleakala. The surface of the plateau is strewn with blocks of light colored, fine grained, feldspathic lava, interspersed with patches of black sand. The rarity of the air was now felt by both men and animals, and it required forcible arguments to make the laggards keep up with the column. At last about 3 p.m., we clambered over the rim of a low crater west of the central cones, and saw before us the famous lakelet of Waiau, near which we camped. It is an oval sheet of the purest water, an acre and three quarters in extent, surrounded by an encircling ridge from 90 to 135 feet in height, except at the northwest corner, where there is an outlet, which was only two feet above the level of the lake at the time of our visit. The overflow has worn out a deep ravine, which runs first to west and then to the southwest. A spring on the southern side of the mountain, called "Wai Hu,' 1 is believed by the natives to be connected with this lake. The elevation of Waiau is at least 13,050 feet, which is 600 feet higher than Fujiyama. There are few bodies of water in the world higher than this, except in Thibet or on the plateau of Pamir. No fish are found in its waters, nor do any water-fowl frequent its margins. Its depth was not sounded, as it was proved by experiment that we had not adequate means for navigating it. Small tufts of grass and delicate ferns were found growing among the rocks around the lake. After the pack train had been photographed, the large tent was pitched close to the shore of Waiau, and all the animals were sent back to the ranch except one unfortunate mule, which was treated to a feed of oats and blanketed for the night. All of the party were more or less affected by shortness of breath, but two of them had a severe attack of mountain sickness before supper. After suffering extremely for thirty-six hours without any signs of improvement, they returned to Kalaieha on the 22d, leaving five persons in the camp, taking the mule with them. The writer was hors dc combat the day after the ascent with an old fashioned sick headache, but had no further trouble from that cause. �Volume 50, No. 10.] During each of the six nights which we spent on the summit the temperature fell much below the freezing point, registering 25 deg., 18 deg., 14 deg., and even 13 deg. Fahr., and considerable ice formed around the margin of the lake. During the day the maximum of the thermometer in the shade was generally between 60 deg. and 63 deg., but when exposed to the sun on the rocks it rose to 108 deg. The hygrometer indicated an exceptionally dry atmosphere. A solid pier of masonry was built for the meridian circle, and a flat rock moved into position to serve as a stand for the pendulum apparatus. Such was the clearness of the air that star observations were usually commenced before 5 p.m. Contrary to expectation we found the trade-wind blowing as strong on the summit as itdid belowat Kalaieha. Of Mr. Preston's work it may briefly be said that it was entirely successful. The opportunity was great and he made the most of it. Complete series of magnetic, latitude and pendulum observations were made, besides the observations of the barometer and thermometer, and a large number of interesting photographs were taken from different points of view. In the meantime a topographical survey was made of the summit plateau, in which Mr. J. J. Muir's assistance was most opportune and valuable. On the 2*2da short base line was measured with a steel tape and a minute survey made of the lake and its neighborhood. On the same day two of our men came up with two pack mules, bringing the Honolulu mail, a load of fire-wood and some fresh provisions. The next day, the 23d, Mr. Muir and the writer together with the guide ascended the central hill, about a mile and a half from our camp and 800 feet higher. It encloses two small craters. The scramble up that huge pile of cinders in the rarefied air is a severe strain on weak lungs. The pulse rose in one case to 120, and in another to 150 per minute. The old trig, station, .which had formerly been sighted to from several points below, was now occupied with an instrument for the first time. The difference of height between this station and the next summit was found by levelling to be about 45 feet, as it had been estimated in 1872. The highest point is probably not less than 13,-820 feet above the sea. The view from the summit was sublime beyond description, embracing, as it did, the three other great mountains of Hawaii, and the grand old "House of the Sun," 75 miles distant, looming up clear and distinct, above a belt of clouds. Miuna Loa was perceptibly a trifle loujr than the point where we stood. Without casting up any loose heaps of sand and scoria, its majestic dome has risen within 150 feet of the highest point reached by its rival. Its surface was streaked by numerous recent lava streams, while a deep cleft, which 75 THE FRIEND. breaks the smooth curve, gave us a glimpse into the vast terminal crater of Mokuaweoweo. On the windward side of the summit ridge and in the craters were several large patches of snow, two or three feet thick, composed of large crystals, like coarse salt. While eating our lunch on the summit, we were surprised to see carrion flies at that altitude, attracted by it. After surveying and sketching at several stations, we returned, sliding down a steep slope of sand and cinders, 700 feet in height, to our camp, where a repast awaited us, that reminded one of the Hamilton House. It is enough to say that our worthy chef dc cuisine was Louis Koch, well known to former guests of the Hamilton and later of the Volcano House. During the following night the thermometer fell to 13 deg. Fahr. We did not, however, suffer from cold, although the confinement of the blanket bags became rather irksome. A smallkerosene stove was kept burning all night, which no doubt helped somewhat to keep up the temperature of the air within the tent. On Monday, the 25th, the thermometer stood at 20 deg. at sunrise. Messrs. Muir and Alexander ascended the second highest peak on the northwest, overlooking Waimea, 13,645 feet in height, to continue their survey. In the cairn on the summit a tin can was found, which contains brief records of the visits of five different parties from 1870 to the present time, to which we added our own. A party of eight girls from Hilo, "personally conducted" by Dr. Wetmore and D. H. Hitchcock, Esq., in 1876, must have been a merry one. Capt. Long of H. B. M.'s Ship Fantome had visited this spot in 1876, and Dr. Arning with several Kohala residents in 1885. The same afternoon the surveyors occupied the summit of Lilinoe, a high rocky crater, a mile southeast of the central hills and a little over 13,000 feet in elevation. Here, as at other places on the plateau, ancient graves are to be found. In the olden time, it was a common practice of the natives in the surrounding region to carry up the bones of their deceased relatives to the summit plateau for burial. During the following night the thermometer fell, to 14 deg. and stood at 18 deg. at sunrise. After breakfast the surveying party ascended a third peak, east of Lake Waiau, and about 420 feet above it, where they took the closing sets of angles, and connected the latitude pier with the scheme of triangulation. On their return the tents were struck, and, instruments packed up in readiness for the pack train, which arrived about 11 a.m. Soon afterwards the fog closed in around us, and lasted till nightfall. We bid farewell to the lake about 1:30 p.m., and arrived at the Kalaieha Station before 6 p.m., without any mishap, having stopped half an hour at "Keanaka- koi," the axe-makers' cave. This is situated about a mile south of Waiau, and a hundred yards west of the trail, in a ledge of that hard, fine grained kind of rock, which ancient Hawaiians preferred for their stone implements. Here we saw the small cave in which the axemakers lodged, their fire place, and remains of the shell fish which they ate. In front of it is an immense heap of stone flakes and chips some 60 feet across and 20 or 30 feet high. Near by several hundred unfinished axes are piled up just as they were left by the manufacturers, when the arrival of foreign ships and the introduction of iron tools had ruined their trade. Around the entrance of the cave the native dandelion or pualele (Sonclius oleraccus) was growing at an elevation of 12,800 feet. It was here that the late Dr. Hillebrand found a curious idol, which is still in the possession of his family. On arriving at Kalaieha we learned that the pack mules had preceded us, and were already unloaded. None of the costly and delicate instruments employed had received the slightest injury. All the objects of the expedition had been successfully attained. I know of but one other instance on record when gravity measurements of precision have been made at so great a height. Mr. Preston's final report will be looked for with interest by the scientific world, and will add another laurel to his well-earned reputation as a physicist and astronomer. Wrecked and Starving. The lumber ship W. A. Campbell from Port Townsend to Queenstown foundered at sea August 17th, in Lat. 14° N., Long. 120° W. in consequence of a cyclone the day before. The Captain, wife, baby, and eleven seamen left the ship in one boat; the mate and ten men in another. They parted company the next day. The mate's company landed near the east point of Hawaii, Sept. 21st, in safety, after a voyage of 2100 miles in 24 days. The company were nearly exhausted, having been long on extreme short allowance, and for four days without liquids. Three of the men were nearly gone, but have rallied under careful nursing and are doing well. It is believed that the Captain's boat has been picked up. The S. S. Kinau made one day's search for her, to windward of Hilo. The U. S. S. cruiser Boston left Honolulu on the 29th for further search. This is the second company of wrecked seamen whohave within a ft-fw months found hospitatity at Capt. Eldart's ranch in Puna, and welcome in Hilo, as well as warm sympathy in Honolulu. There are no disappointments to those whose wills are buried deep in the will of God. �76 Ladies' October, 1892. THE FRIEND. Anti-Lottery Memorial to the will not pass the Legislature ; and that Queen. if it dues, it will certainly not receive the Queen's signature. The Industrial Home. This useful institution was finally On the 19th ult. a deputation of twelve closed last month on account of the of the most influential ltd id of HonoRev. H. Bingham writes that the hard times, and the failure of the fond 1 lulu waited upon Her Majesty the Queen printing of the Gilbert Bible has pro- of the Hawaiian Mission Children's Soin the throne room, and prevented a as far as I. Samuel. Mr. and ciety which had maintained it for two memorial to her, which was signed by gressed Mrs. have been enabled to years. The institution had proved unBingham 340 of the ladies of this city. The memorial set forth in clear and enjoy fairly comfortable health at Dr. expectedly expensive in proportion lo expressive language the evils which the Cutter's Health Retreat in Harlem. the number of young native women who nation would suffer if the Lottery liill were benefited by it. Probably a longer became a law; expressed the belief that H. B. M. S. Curacoa sailed Aug. 17th trial of the experiment would have rethe Legislature would spurn the offered from Suva, Fiji, to establish a British sulted in considerable reduction of averbribe; and besought the Queen, if they do, to refuse failed so to her signature to protectorate over the lvllice Is. a group age expense pel nmate. We regret the the Hill. We append the latter por- of small fertile atolls a little south of the great disappointment felt by the zealous tion of the memorial. Gilbert Islands. promoters ol the enterprise, several of "Finally—An honorable man can rewhom have devoted to it much care and ceive no greater insult than the offer of Mr. P. C. and family are es Jones and this time as well as pecuniary aid. It is to a bribe, proposed company offer just llmt to an honorable nation. They pecially welcome back to their places in be hoped that one leading object of such care nothing for I lawaii, except to make the church and community. We rejoice an institution may be supplemented by a convenience of her. So they bring a to have again with us the cordial pres- making Industrial Training a much more bribe having in it a semblance of benev- ence of our esteemed brother, with his prominent and efficient part of the curolence to make it attractive, but a bribe wise counsel and active cooperation. riculum in our Female Boarding Schools than it has been hitherto. A long pel mil pure and simple. They offer to buy the nation for a price, anil we are asked to of observation has convinced us how sell ourselves to a company of gamblers. Portland is likely to posses a special essential it is to worth)' living in young As they have done elsewhere they expect interest hereafter for the editor of Thß Hawaiian women that they thoroughly to do here: to own the Legislature and FRIEND, whose son, Dr. John S. Bishop acquire habits of dilligent and expert even' purchasable power and individual.' now visiting his parents after an performance of all the common arts of Thus it lias been in oilier lands; it is is domestic life. They must learn to love the history of lottery companies, and we absence of nine years, and expects to hard work, and to do good work, if they cannot expect our case to be exceptional. locate at Portland and engage there in are to lead pure lives, and escape the Surgical practice. contaminations of common native s;n ie"We cannot believe that the Legislature this will really accept ty. Mental and artistic accomplishhumiliating pro PrecCautihons.—lTB r oard ments are little safeguard against the position, but if, dazzled for the moment by the seeming brilliancy of the offer, of Health and the Government are act- peculiar dangers of their lot, but often they do fail to recognize the fact that it ing with great decision. The Legislature the contrary. is only a bribe and pass (be bill, it will have empowered them to declare all then come before Your Majesty for sigJohn G. Whittier has gone from of entry closed, all vessels to nature. With Your Majesty then will other ports come first to Honolulu, where strict us, but his poetical works abide to lie the power to save the nation ; for it will be en- charm and to inspire men to righteouscannot be possible that Hawaii's Queen quarantine and disinfection forced, as may be necessary. ness. Not of brilliant imagination, not will lend her honored name to so iniquia this of broad range, his verse is eminently measure, thereby placing tous Ponape Redress. nation before the nation, of the world as tender and sweet. It breathes of peace one whose intergrity can be bought and and love and holy calm. Yet on occa(ien. E. Burd Grubb, former Minister sold. is the statement sion it rings with stern reprobation of Spain, lo for authority "Your Majesty, we who make this plea before you are the wives, the mothers that the remonstrances of the U. S. wrong and of falsehood. It seems to us and the sisters of the land. We plead Government have resulted in Spain's that Whittier may be destined to a more for our homes, for our children, for the agreeing to indemnify the American lasting renown than most of the poets nation's honor. We pray you to pardon Missionaries towho were expelled from of his age, by reason of the holy prophet permit them to return to element his verse, which anything which may have the semblance Ponnpe, and will awaken of of unseemly warmth, and remember only their stations and resume their work, echoes in the heart of a more saintly free from restrictions. that we come to you as loyal women We hope that this is true, and think future, whose pulses will fail to respond who accept the nation's motto in its fulothers of is so. It is entirely to the brighter strains of many ness,-Ua mau ke ea o k,i aina i ka pono." that it probably that America would permit this age, richer but less pervaded by improbable Goo Save iih-. Qubbn. the outrages upon her citizens in Ponape conscience and love. Whittier's verse will live and abide as one nobltst witHer Majesty replied to the deputation, to remain unredressed. ness to the Christian conscience of the savin;; that she realized the weighty imnineteenth century. A New Satellite of Jupiter has port of their memorial ; she would take the matter into her serious consideration, been found by Lick Observatory. It is The "Rev. Dr." William Hammond, and hand their memorial to her Cabinet. 68,400 miles from the surface of the The memorial with the circumstances planet, and flies around it at the speed bigamist and embezzler, who imposed of its presentation were published by of eight miles in a second, which is 25 so successfully for a time upon good Her Majesty's order. Mrs. W. W. Hall, times the orbital velocity of our moon. Christians in Honolulu, and who is who reed the paper to the Cjueen, has Good for Lick; but just wait till the "wanted" in many places for his crimes, published a statement that her reception coming observatory on Haleakala gets is reported as having arrived last month ol it was most kindly and cordial. We at Vancouver, B. C, and gone with his feel a strong assurance that the Bill "family" to Port Haney. �Volume 50, No. 10.] REV. JAMES BICKNELL. Oil I I I AKV. Failure of health lv ought Mr, Bick- keeping. Many prayers will go up in to Honolulu, accompanied by their behalf. a band of young Marquesan scholars of The funeral services took place at 3 nc-11 back We have most sadly to record the both sexes. These he took to Ewa removal by sudden death of one of our u here he trained them in Christian ways, most beloved missionary workers. Mr. at the same time acting as pastor ol Bickneil had been for many years re- the Ewa church. Some of his Marqucsiding with his large family in Hono- s.uis died, ami the rest returned to their lulu, in impaired health, but still doing own land. much personal labor among Hawaiian--. After various missionary labors, Mr. by ahum he was greatly beloved. At Bicknell in 1867 Assumed the pastoral the request of the native pastor of Kau charge of the churches in the district ot makapUJ Church, he preached there a Hamakua, Hawaii. Much fruit there sermon against the Lottery Bill. As he bore witness lo his wise, faithful and was telling the pastor the evening before devoted labors. He ever continued-to of his great debility, the latter begged enjoy a peculiar degree ol the witness him to desist from preaching. He did so nl the Holy Spin', in his inward soul. again at the church; but our brother heroically persisted, feeling that hi had a message to deliver. He spoke with extraordinary force and fervor against that great and threatening evil, in support of which the most active efforts are being made to enlist native public opinion. It was the last exertion of our noble brother's long failing strength, and his last testimony for the Kingdom \A' Jesus against the vile dominion of Satan. Coming out of church, as he was shaking hands with the people near the gate. he put his hand to the bad: of his head and sank to the ground. He w.is lifted into a carriage. As he sank back he said, "It is all right.'' He was soon at his house, but only as a corpse. The spirit had gone home to be with the Mr. Bicknell was born on the noted island of Tahiti, August 27, 1829, the son of missionary parents, sent from England by the London 77 THE FRIEND. Missionary Society. Attracted to California in pioneer days, he found his way to Honolulu, where like our Lord before his ministry, he was employed as a carpenter. Here under the happy influence Taylor, ihe first pastor of of Rev. T. Port St. Church, James Bicknell was led to a very profound and thorough consecration of his life to Christ. Ileum! Henry H. Parker united with the church together. In 1863 at the solicitation of a Marquesan chief, three Hawaiian pastors with their wives were sent to Fatuhiva in the Marquesas group, as missionaries, where Mr. two of them are still laboring. Bicknell joined them as a self-supporting missionary. For seven years he maintained himself, laboring among that debased people in the endurance of severe privations, and heavy trials, in the midst of a community of licentious savages, who were habitual cannibals, and often ferocious and treacherous. Some of their cannibal orgies were indescribably loathsome, as were also many of their common practices. In the midst of these adversities, he grew to he more and more a man of God, full of prayer, of faith, and of the Divine Power, of which he had most vivid experiences in his lonely life. The work and power of the Spirit were prominent topics in his public ministry. Mi. Bicknell was married August ".I, lstiSto Ellen, oldest child of Rev. Eljas Bond Of Kohala, Hawaii. Alter seventeen years of pastoral labor, his own impaired health had incapacitated him for the farther performance of the arduous duties of his field, while the educational needs of his large family of eight children led to his removal to Honolulu, encouraged thereto by the pecuniary aid of his brother George, who had large interests at Farming's and Washington islands. Here the Bicknells have bail then pleasant home for eight years, and here to the extent of his strength Mr. Bicknell has diligently given himself lo voluntary Christian labor, in house visitation among the natives. This work led him in time lo organize an "Association for the Suppression of Idolatry/ composed of native Christians, who have caught their teacher's ardent spirit, and have done most effective work in combating the hellish influence of the kahunas, and inducing families to surrender their fetishes and objects of superstition, a great variety of which Mr. Bicknell had in his posession. He also made important contributions to the literature of the subject, in the form of pamphlets, describing these pernicious superstitions and theirevil effect. Some of these have appeared as articles in the columns of Till-. FrISMB. Although without a learned education, Mr. Bicknell was highly versed in the meaning of the Scriptures, and apt in dividing rightly the word of truth. As a preacher, he was fertile and happy in illustration, and endowed with a (|uiet and peculiar fervor. His early service among a very debased but cognate tribe of Polynesians, had given him a peculiar apprehension of certain lower conditions and traits of the Hawaiian mind, which contributed to his power in dealing with them. The three older and grown up children of our deceased brother are absent, and the widowed mother is left with her younger children, bereft of the wise and strong guidance of the father. The Father above is faithful, and will have this beloved household in his tender p.m. Sept. 10, at Kaumakapili Church. Rev. Dr. Beckwith had charge; Rev. Messrs. Waiamau and H. H. Parker officiated in Hawaiian, and Rev. Messrs. S. E, Bishop and 0. P, Kmcrson in English. A large body of members of the Association for the Suppression of Idolatry followed the hearse to the Nuuanu Cemetery. The Harbor Bar Removed.—The Dredging of the Bar is substantially complete, A straight uninterrupted channel now exists ol .'lO feet in depth at low tide, and "JOO feet wide on the bottom, with an easy slope on both sides. Honolulu Harbor is now fully open to the largest ships afloat. The larger iron clads and the China steamers will no longer be compelled to anchor in the outer roadstead, as heretofore. This great work was initiated by L. A. Thurston of tbe cabinet of 1887-90, the surveys and plans for the work having been made under his direction. Those plans, after considerable debt)', were carried out by the late Ministei ol the Interior, C. N. Spencer, and have proved a great success. Tbe dredger will now find abundant employment in deepening the harbor, especially at the wharves, thereby greatly enlarging its capacity, and multiplying the accommodation for the larger clai-ses of vessels. The great facility and efficiency with which the- new Dredger has done its work give strong hope foi- the ready and speedy removal of the Pearl Harbor Bar, whereby that splendid and central haven will become open to the fleets ol the Pacific Ocean. Measurements at Kilauea. Mi. F. S. Dodge of the Survey office, spent ten days late in August, at Kilauea, when he made accurate measurements of the pit Ilalemaumau and of tbe molten lake in the bottom. His measurements agree substantially with those made in April by the Editor ofThe Friend by means of extemporized wooden appliances, and recorded by him in the Volcano Book. The same also appear in the September number of the American Journal of Science. The changes made in the periphery of Halemaumau also agree closely as mapped by both observers. During the four months the lake had continued to overflow so as to build up the surrounding lower floor some fifty feet, so that our estimate of depth of over 300 feet from upper floor appears in Mr. Dodge's results as 250 feet. His diameter of the lake 820 feet is a little less than our estimate of 900. A majority perhaps of visitors clamber down the cliff and poke specimens out of the flowing lava, which is almost constantly running over some point in �78 the raised edge of the lake. This great fire lake of thirteen acres of molten surface has now for more than a year been affording a spectacle of wonderful grandeur and brilliancy. There is scarcely any smoke to impede or annoy spectators. The Pacific Christian Advocate. Honolulu Christians, who so highly valued the society and the preaching of the Rev. A. N. FISHER while in charge of the Mission to the Japanese in this city, will be interested to learn that he assumed the editorial charge of the Pacific Christian Advocate at Portland, Oregon, on September 1 st. As the organ of the great and active Methodist Church that paper and its editor occupy a noble post of Christian service. RECODE F VENTS. Sept. Ist. Mortuary report for August shows sn improvement over the corresponding month the two previous years, but of the total of 50 deaths, 33 were Hawaiians and mostly of mature years. 2nd -The Queen's Birthday; llookupu, official reception and grand Luau at the Palace; boat races in the harbor, yacht and boat races at Pearl harbor, and picnic at Kemond Grove gave holiday enjoyment to many. 4th -Anti-lottery meeting at the V, M. C. A. well attended and the scheme emphatically denounced by several prominent speakers. The following day a mass meeting of ladies was held at the same place, and a memorial to the Queen adopted unanimously. Fire at the Chinese laundry buildings, Nuuanu stream, making havoc of many citizen's wardrobes. It might have been worse. A committee from a caucus of the Legislature wait upon the Queen with a resolution signed by thirty-three members, in recognition of the constitutional principle that Her Majesty should summon a leading member of the Legislature who voted in favor of the want of confidence resolution, to form a new cabinet. 7th—The Tahiti-San Francisco packet Tropic Bird, meeting with a hurricane on her upward trip, comes into port to effect repairs on damaged spars, etc. —The Chamberlain replies to the Legislative Committee announcing that her Majesty has summoned Hon. A. P. Peterson to assist in the fomation of a Cabinet.—Dr. Cj. I'. Andrews appointed Physician to the Queen's Hospital, vice Dr. K. McKibbin, resigned. 10th—Important Firemen's drill to utilize sea water in case of a fire within the business portion of the city.—Mr. Peterson having failed in securing a Cabinet to include Mr. Neumann, Hon. 6th [October, 1892. THE FRIEND. E. C. Macfarlane is entrusted with the Marine Journal. task. PORT OF HONOLULU.—SEPTEMBER. 12th—On assembling of the Legislature the following Cabinet was anARRIVALS. B, C. Macfarlane, Minister of Austialta, S S Am lloudlette, from San Francisco. 7 Finance and Premier; Saml Parker, —Am bkt. Tropic Bird, Keelson, asdaysfm. Tahiti. Minister of Foreign Affairs; C. T. Gulick, 8-Ain. S. S. I lima, Senbury, from Japan & China. 16 Am. bkt llis.ovrry, McNeil, from San Iran, wo. Minister of Interior; P.Neumann, AttorBO Haw. sen. Lihnliho, Beery, from l.aysan Is u-AmS. S. Alarm-da, Motsc, from the Colonies ney-General. ■] Br. S. S, Monowai, Cany, from San Ki.iiii i-' o. San 14th Resolution of want of conj* Am hill S N Castle, Hnl.hnril, Is.- days from Fran. i.e... fidence in the new Cabinet introduced Am hkt Planter, I low, i ikj days from s.m Francisco, schl Kohl I.ewer-, l.ooclman, .■» days from I'ort and discussed till a late hour, when an ill AmTow assssL adjournment was taken in consequence DBPARTURES. member of of the "spiriting away" of a I.iholiho, Barry,for Layout Is i H.iuS Sch the opposition party. o Am s China, Beabury, foi San rranciaco. S S Ausliali.i, Hondlelte, foi San Kranrisco. 18th Discussion on the resolution M Am Am hli I ylon, I ilh, nn. In.m San Flam is,.. renewed, and on coming to a vote was |«—111 hk Kocrini.i, "lining, lor Pugel Soninl. Am brgl W li Irwin, McCußock, for San I'l.oi, la •. declared lost by one vote, the result beai Am as Alanf**, Moras, for San Francises. Gcr bk I' Isenbiug, Ktuse. ing 24 for the resolution and 21 against Sj Hr S S Monowai, Carry, for the Colonies. it; two seats being'vacant. A protest ni An hkt Tropic Bird, Ecalaon, for San Francisco. was entered and the question submitted i 7 Am bkt S U Wilder, I N ifhtlis, for San Kiauos.o. AKKIVAI.s. the folowing day to the Supreme Court. Australia, Sept 7 Mm S I In due time the full Bench rendered a Frost San Frauscieco, par Miss Barnard, Rev J CClapp. Miss Dallam, S decision confirming the President's rul- Alexander, Ebilich, wifeand child, C H Gsflanry, Miss V Glllilsnd, R llalsirail ami wif<-. Miss Borate* Ha'stead, B A Jonas ing. ami wife, I' C: loins, wifeand daughtar, Miss Joins, A A Lowry, Mrs 18th- Sudden death of Rev. Jas. Kisaingsr, Robi Lowers, M Louisson. lacobS Kk > H-, I W Macfarlane, Miss Kmc Mclnryre, Mis Hicknell on leaving the pulpit. Mary Mi latyra, Bro lames Schosndorf, Mis X LSpalding Mrs R A Tomes, Mrs L R Walbridge, Mr, Jas Welsh nnd 19th- Advices from San Francisco child, Miss Adeline Willis Miss Baatrica Willis, J Jaeger. ('..lonics per Alameda, Sep „ J Johnson, Ml, report cholera to have reached New From lilt ii Renioii. Haven, 11 York from Kurope. From v an Iran.is..,, pel Monowai, Sept. i| Mrand VY 1 Peacock and child, Mrs M Peacock, Mrs < Il Mrs 20th- Opium Committee No. 2, makes Hebberd, MrsC I Hay. Miss X Umprnan. Col Z S Spald a very unsavory report to the House. big. Or Is Bishop, I F s. ..it, J F Hackfeld, 1 I. Ilc.uli, R Hendry, I) s Kneosky, is in steerage, Committee No. 1 reported a few days X From San Francisco, per Planter, Sept. ..4 Rl< Lock. later, quite as condemnatory at the w0...1, N II Peel, Kred II llellwig and I Kansfco, I I 1 SS evident collusion of prominent officials. Courtney, p.i China, Sail Special election ordered for two nobles KeyHoi San1 Iran, i5..., Jm. sl.ornc, wile and i sons, and 4; cabin and I|a Oct. Ith. on steerage passengers in transit. BaldFor San Francisco, par Australia, Sept 1 1 Many 21st Hawaii's planned share in the win, OtO l.ycur Mr and Mrs I aid.man and two liihbeii, I'c, Bishop Gull Right wife and child. French, II 11 World Fair exhibit at Chicago is shelv- kiis, ten, Rev lather Valentine. Mrs J M rsames, E D Preston, Anion Mackintosh, ed, for want of funds. PS dc la Vcrgnc, Mr- E I. W,,..11.,. hi'rl, |os Wallace, P Mrs I Mask, Mrs |..hi. I Her and 23rd—The Monowai from San Fran- Peck, BCornwall, Cornwell, X Miss Mrs and Miss Miss Marlin, Mrs T R I.mas and rhi d. Mrs 1 Sc hlrssinger and cisco confirms the cholera news. Her child, Mrs H E Silvester, Mrs I Worth, J W Hamilton, mail was delayed eight hours for fum- wife and child. For SanFrancisco, per W O Irwin, Sept i" Hamilton igation. The IF. (i. Hall brings word lohnaon and wife, <II Ritchie, R US,on and R Ross. of the arrival at Puna, Hawaii, of a boat For San Francisco, pat I'anl Istnberg, Sepi ii-i with eleven survivors of the Am. ship Foi San Fran, i5.,., pel Alameda, Sepl .'.■ W A /eltnei wife, CL Wight, I Wallace, W D Baldwin, HI) Win. A. Campbell, which was lost in a and Rohens, A Moore, Mis W W Wright, M Volants, wile Duncan, II gale Aug. 27th. Another boat with the and child, Mrs i' F Day, Miss Sieveiis.,ll, SI.Mary Logan, I'. Knndsen, S I'.ilcaufl. Micaptain, his wife and ten seamen is still CMisRonton, Nairn, A (i). Moll-Smith Misses Moit-Smilli, I I transit. Portuguese and Knltdsen, (. 70 passengers in adrift. san Francisco, pat SO Wihler, Sapttj—WH 26th- The Supreme Court replies to M,Foi 1.an. pel Monowai, Sepl 1 I Paul, John the Legislature's query, that personal For the Colonies, Sonou.i. lack Souquat, A Burminnn, J rlarksss, G VV taxes must be paid before one can vote Unlike, Mr and Mrs. Sleen, Mr Sinilh and too passengers at the coming special election.—Hoard intiansil. For San Francisco, par Tropic Bird. Sepi if, Mrs Armof Health and local physicians meet to strong, J I. Doty, and Mr Coapsr, discuss plans to guard against the introduction of cholera. BIRTHS. 27th —The Legislature passes a bill to SMYTHE Al Iwilei, Honolulu, Sepl isl, lo the wife of I aplaitl Smythe, a daughter. prevent cholera, empowering the Minis- MARKHAM Ai Kapiolani Home, Honolulu, Sept 7th, Finance to close all outside ports lo ihe wife of I let .ye Mark ha ill, son. ter of August tti, lo the wife of Mi II S Pailgel, of PAGET of entry and require all vessels to first Rwa Plantation, a daughter. report to Health authorities here. MARRIAGES. August 7 Byroa 28th—The Kinau from Hawaii brings DF.MINC-FOSTF.R In Oakland, Cal, Deming and N Foster, daughter of the late no news of the missing boat of the IF. B11.ml Foster, of Harriet Kau. Chinch, San FranA. Campbell. —Coll. Genl. of Customs TAVLOK-SANFORII At Trinity August 15, Kdward S Taylor and Frankie Janet assigns a code of letter signals for cisco, Sandford. Hawn, Merchant vessels, in unison with SMITHIF.S-NOWI.F.IN Al the Chapel, St Andrew's Priory, Sepl aa, iftoa, by the Key Alexander Mackinthe British and International code. tosh, George F. Smithies to F.lirabeth Maili Nowlein. 29th—Deepening of Honolulu harbor DEATHS. bar to 30 feet nears completion.— U. S. BIC'KNKLL— In this City, suddenly, Sepl 18th, Rev Jan 6) years. S. Boston leaves on a search for the Bicknell, aged Honolulu, Sept jo, Mm Podeyn, wife of PODEYN-Tn missing boat's crew. X Podeyn, a native of Germany. — jo n|. AI, •■ , , ~' j .1 j , �Volume 50, No. 10.] BOARI>. HAWAIIAN IKiNOI.I'I.V, 11. 1. This p-ftfl is devoted In the iuleresls nf the Hawaiian Board of Mission-,, .Hid the Editor, appointed by the Hoard is H'spiinsiblf lot it-, ronunis. Rev, O. P. Emerson, Our 79 THE FRIEND. - Editor. page of this issue is filled with matter which we have been permited to take from the Record-book of the As- sociation for Bible Heading and for the Suppression of Idolatry. It is an eloquent commentary on the work which our lamented brother Bicknell has been carrying on so quietly during these years and as such it will be of peculiar irtterest to all who would honor him. We think, moreover, that the matter here with presented will be read with surprise by many who are not informed as to the extent of this fetish worship whichis practised among the Hawaiians and which the enlightened men among them, especially those in the pastorate, are working to overthrow. - Palua, who is one of the members of the Association for Bible Reading and for the Suppression of Idolatry, reports that on his late visit to Hana, Maui, as an evangelist to press the work of the Association, he discovered a gold twenty dollar piece, which, for forty-two years, has been an object of worship. This fetish-god bore the name of Haka. It was the property of a man who is a deacon in the Hana Church. He and his wife came into possession of it in IHSO. On the visit of I'alua and by the aid of the son of the deacon, who is a teacher in a public school, the owners of this fetish were won from their idolatrous worship of a gold coin and were persuaded to give it over into the treasury of the Hana Church. Not long before the death of Mr. •licknell a koa trunk came to him from Molokai. It was sent him from two vomen who are residing there, and who lave been worshippers of a spirit of a elative of theirs. The common name >f the relative was Laic, but her godiame or the name of her deified spirit is ■sapunohu. The trunk was full of the dresses handkerchiefs, etc., which were used by these women when possessed by the spirit Kapunohu, and while actuated by it in their superstitious practices, and it was buried by the Association in Mr. Bicknell's yard. As the story goes Laic lived at Molokai, but she had a cousin in Honolulu. When Laic died at the age of about thirty, her spirit came and entered this cousin, who thereafter became its kahu, or keeper. At the death of this keeper the spirit went again on its travels seeking a resting place. This time it went to Waianae, Oahu, and made friends (hooaikane) with another spirTt which possessed a woman living at that place. About this time two other cousins of Laic, who had gone from Molokai to Honolulu, heard of this spirit of a-kinswoman which had taken up its abode in Waianae, and they forthwith repaired thither, they and their husbands and some friends with them. At Waianae one of these women named Luukia received the spirit Kapu nohu and took it back with her to Molokai, where it finally took possession of an elder sister whose name was also Laic, and so these women came to be kahu akua, keepers of a familiar spirit and fetish worshippers till, on a trip to Honolulu, they were enlightened by a younger sister, who is a member of the Association, and so were led to forsake their idolatrous practices. Hastening back to Molokai the)- imme diately packed up all the paraphernalia of their idolatrous practices and sent them, as already stated, in a trunk, by the return steamer to Mr. Bicknell. It is to these two, needy, struggling, awakened women, that the Association has just sent by last steamer a helper. This is truly an errand of mercy and worthy the prowess of an evangelist of the first days. "I find myself before you much moved to-night by the contemplation of your Association. My soul is stirred within me at the thought of the undertaking you have entered upon in this purpose of overthrowing idolatry. As for myself I am firm in my opposition to it, and this is the reason. Some two years ago I took into earnest consideration the matter of the deadness of my parish. My study of the subject gave me two causes; the first, the superstition that was in me; and the second the super stition that had been in my predecessor. As for myself I was given over to superstitious practices. I had been led into them by my stepfather, and I see that so my ministry has been greatly hindered. My preaching was formal, and without heart. While clinging to superstition I was yet endeavoring to portray the Gospel in its power, and I have learned that this is a most sinful thing in the eyes of God. As to my predecessor, I found on entering the parsonage he had vacated, that he had left in it the marks of his superstitious practices. They were in every place. Over the doors and over the window frames were the bits ofawaroot, the kalaipahoa, and the little bundles and so on.' On the occasion of the sickness ol one of my deacons he came under the influence of the fetish doctors. No less than ten were in attendance on him till he came near to death. I labored with him to give up these practices and to put himself into the hands of God, which at last he did, and recovered. He is alive and well today and he, together with my wife and myself, are the only persons in my parish who are free from these practices, and I proclaim it here publicly, that these fetish doctors should be forced to stop their heathenish practices which are so prejudicial to the good. It is plain to me that there is no other sin which so afflicts the churches as this. It is the root and trunk of the trouble, and all other sins are but branches of it. In my devotcdness to the work of the Lord 1 find only joy, and my opposition to idolatry has brought me no harm." Words of Key. S. Kapu at a nutting of the Association for the Suppression of Idolatry held Oct. *»(>, lull I. Key. S. Kapu is one of file leading pastors of the native church and is now settled at Wailuku, Maui. Origin of the Association for Bible Reading and for the Suppression of Idolatry, as Told by the Rev. James Bicknell. (I'ranslaleil f, he I'i-i sofllie Asso, ialion ) "In the year 1888 I appeared before the officers of the Kaumakapili church while they weie in session, and suggest ed the propriety of initiating a series of district meetings for the quickening of Christian life and for the reclamation of the fallen. I had noted the fact of the activity of political leaders in organizing their constituents for the holding of caucuses and public meetings and I felt that the leaders of the church work might well take a lesson from them. I found the pastor agreeable to my suggestion and willing to adopt it, but the others opposed it. I was then teaching a Bible class and it was the members of this class which I had purposed to send out into the districts as leaders of the meetings proposed. Headed off from action in this direction, I continued to instruct my class in the Bible for several months, till I discovered that the light had penetrated the most of thtyr souls and they were ready for Christian effort. On discovering this growth of life in them, I formed my Bible class into the Association for Bible Reading and for the Suppression of Idolatry. This Association was formed on the 9th of September, 1889—My Bible class had its origin in two sermons I preached in Kaumakapili Church at the holding of the usual evening union meeting. The attendance was full on the evenings in which I spoke and the Word seems to have taken effect on the minds of some. On the evening of the Tuesday following the first Sabbath on which I spoke, I was waited on by one Geo. W. Nakaa (then a student in the N. P. M. Institute). I was then living at Puunui. Nakaa begged that he-might become a pupil of mine in the Bible. He offered to repay me with such personal service as he might be able to render. I was pleased with this testimony to the helpfulness of my preaching, and I told Nakaa that I would be glad to form a Bible class, but that I must defer the matter �80 [October, 1892. THE FRIEND till I had moved further into town. A few days after this conversation 1 took up my abode at my present quarters on Kukni Street. On tiie- second Sabbath evening in which I preached at Kaumakapili, I gave notice of my purpose to form a Bible class, and invited such as wished to join to remain after church. Out of the number of those that remain ed the class was formed. The meetings ol the class were at first held at Kaumakapili chtych, hut for the sake of greater seclusion they were later held at my residence, and later still al the chapel at Pukolo, and it was there that the Association was formed. One evening, not long after this formation of the Bible class, one David Keliipio came into tin- room while the class was in session with a purpose to get into a discussion with the teacher. But on listening to the instruction he was disabused of the thought but continued his attendance till the light broke in upon his soul and he became a changed man. Afterwards he showed such ability that when the Association was formed he was chosen its scribe, and when the matter of evangelistic work was taken up, be was made the Assistant Leader in it, Mr. S. 11. Oni taking: his place as scribe." -- linU-I.R'.S STEAMSHIP CO., \V. r Wii iikr, |. I'. II \. ki ii 11, S. li. Rusk, W. I-'. Allen, Capt. J. ....Vii-e President. I'te-i lent. ■ A Kino, - - - Secretary and Treasurer. Auditor. Superintendent. 1 ll<'Ol|M>l-.-ll<-il IHMI. Oahu Railway and Land .^l SaaV^JW K9Li%*Jn»)as, l| com:e,.^:l-t"z\ Depot and (Hikes, - - King Street Mutual Telephone 247. Bell Telephone 349. Train Runs Between Honolulu and Kwa Plantaton. (The proposed United Stales coaling station,) ihe grandeur i>t scenery ..1 which, together wilh the ailjacent country,is conceded hy all the visitors, and Wilder's steamer "kinau," Via Hilo. Tickets i-ok the Round The rolling stock of the Road is all of the vety lateal designs ami patents, conducive to safety anil comfort. Remoiid Grove, WITH THK LABOI ASH XI EGANT Dancing Pavilion, laasai HANKERS, ..... 1' I, A N TAT 1 < ) N AND liXSi :KANCE AGENTS I [onolulti 11. I. HOBRON,NEWMANiCo..I.n. Importing, Jobbing ami Retail DRUGGISTS*. CORNER FORT AND KING STREETS, HONOLULU. dtcoi T EWERS & COOK!-., Dealers in X is Kurt I:.II iv. i Office i, — Yard oor.Kingand tfferchaui St*. I.). 1.. u 1,1 \. In \s. M. I....!,I ~. . 11l 1/TETROPOLITAN MEAT CO., No. 8i i;. King Si., |. Honolulu, If.l. wai i br, Manager. SHIPPING AND FAMILY Butchers General Manager, HEY, , : St. B. K. IJII^IiINUIIAM, —OR . Lumber and Building Material. and Naw Contractors. Purveyor! in Oceanic ami Pacific Mail Steamship Companies. [janf)i] Snnnrintendent. HAWAIIAN HARDWARE CO., LIMITED, niSHOP & ('<)., Ittstiollllll. For Full Particulars apply to W G. ASill Trip, $50 GENERAL MERCHANIHSH surpassed. Pleasure Parties. Company's IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN tourists. t<. be un- VOLCANO Steamship Slipping anil Coiiiiiiissioii Mhtliiiiils PEARL HARBOB, Thoroughly lighted with Electric Lights, always at the disposal of l:v' HARDWARE, The Road skirts the shores of the lamed The Popular Route to the Is CASTLE & COOKE, Hawaiian Lslands Draws F.xchailgf on The Bank of California, San Francisco OIT. S.-KrXkKl.N' Hank, - FOUT STREET, HONOLTTLO I iiip< n*.-pi-x and Dottier** 1 in HARDWARE, CROCKERY, GLASSWARE, ' And their Agents in Cliand.-lii-rs, Elect-oliere, Lamps and Lamp Fixtures, House Furnishing Goods, Monroe's Refrigerator*, Ice lv iBoston, Paris, N-kw York, Water Coolt-rs, Ajk-vU Iron Wai«jPamU, OUs and Varnwhes, .jurd Oil, Cylinder Oil. Powder, Shot and Cap*, Messrs. N. M. Rothschild & Sons, London, Frankfort-onMachine-loadcM Cartridfca, Silver-plate.! Ware, Table ai d Pocket Cutlery. Plow, Planters' Steel Hoi h t he-Main. .11 id oilier Agricultural Implements, Handles of ill kinds, The Commercial Banking Co. of Sydney. London. The Commercial Banking Co. of Sydney, Sydney. The Banking of New Zealand, Aurkl.nid and its Branches in Christchurch, Dunedin and Wellington. The Bank of British Columhia, Portland, Oregon. H.ut\ juum "Dnpl<\" hi«- Stock f..r Pipe and Boh Cutting, Manila Mid Msal Rope, Rubber Hose, Strmm The A7nresami Milfafri Islands. Rose, W'nc-lHuind Rubber nose, Sj incter-grip, Sprinl lers and Sprinkler Stands, Stockholm, Sweden. The Chartered Bank of London. Australia ;ind China, HKNUIiV'S ISKKAKKK PLOW. Hongkong, Yokohama, Japanand (Steel Windmills), Hartman'i SHaal-wirs Panes and Scaal-wira Mais, Naal's Can-las* I'.-iints, William (1. Aermotors a Transact General Banking Business. Fischer's Wrought Steel Ranna, Gal. li y Sl ,ne Killer, "New Procsas" Twist Drills, janB7vr, Marl's [latent "Duulex'* Die Stock, liluebeanl Flows, Moline I'low Works. I Plantation Supplies of every Description. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Friend (1892) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Friend - 1892.10 - Newspaper Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1892.10