https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/7f8159173c19a6d334f45a1492ab8b76.pdf e54785b7503565039cf100e76319e80b PDF Text Text THE FRIEND. HONOLULU, H. 1., FEBRUARY, 1901. Vol. 59] 9 WILLIAM R. CASTLE, JOHNSON, SMITH & CO., Ltd. I Stoves, Ranges, IMPORTERS OF Merchant Street, Cartwright Block TRUST MONEY CAREFULLY INVESTED Wholesale and Retail M. WHITNEY, M. D., D. D. S. DENTAL ROOMS ON FORT ST., ...DRUGGISTS... # * CLIFFORD B. HIGH, . Honolulu, H. I. I CHEMICALS AND Honolulu Orrir.m Houks: Ra.m. to 4 p.m. Fort St., Honolulu. T. B. CLAPHAM, Veterinary Surgeon and Dentist. PUNAHOU PREPARATORY SCHOOL HENRY WATERHOUSE & CO. SHIPPING AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS. (Samuel Pingrec French, A. . Sugar Factors, Stock Brokers and Dealers in Investment Securities Members of Honolulu Stock Exchange Particular attention given to the Purchase and .Sale ot College Preparatory work, together with special U. F. EHLERS & CO., DRY GOODS IMPORTERS. Fort St., Honolulu All the Latest Novelties in Fancy Goods received by Every Steamer Y. A. SCHAEFER & CO., Importers and COMMISSION MERCHANTS. ' Honolulu, H. I. 8., Principal) Offer complete Office: King Street Stables; Tol. 1083; calls day or night promptly answered; specialties, SUGAR AND COMMERCIAL STOCKS obstetrics, and lameness. Agents for the British-American Steamship Co. i and The Union Assurance Co., of London HACKFELD & CO., Island Agents for Office, Bank and School Furniture COMMISSION MERCHANTS. Telephoue 313 Queen St.. Honolulu Cor. Queen & Fort Sts., Honolulu, H. I. ,A. 13 President) AND SUPPLIES. am TJR. A. C. WALL, DR. O. E. WALL, , OAHU COLLEGE.. SUGAR HOUSE Temple Love Bldff. ' I (Arthur Maxson Smith, A. M., Ph D DENTIST. Masonic House Furnishing Goods, Sanitary Ware, Brass Goods and Iron Work, Sheet Metal Work and Plumbing. jtjijtjijijijtjijijtjtjijijijijijijijiji Office: Brewer's Block, ("or. Hotel Fort Sti. Entrance on Hotel Street T)R & CO., LTD. 2-27-228 Kiiik St. ATTORNEY AT LAW. J [No. 2 Commercial, . Music, and Art Courses. For Catalogues Address N. Campbell, Business Manager. Oahu College, Honolulu, H. T. PHOTOGRAPHER. Home Portraits, Views and Plantation work a specialty. Kodak development MONUMENTS, and printing. At Woman's Exchange TABLETS, HEADSTONES, Honolulu, H.I. MARKERS and POSTS. ; STATUARY W E * BIVENS, BROKER. Sugar Stocks and Real Estate. Office: Corner King and Bethel Streets,' Georgian and Italian Marbles, Scotch and American Granites, Hawaiian Blue Stone. �QHARLES HUSTACE. Mosaic Tiling, Plumbers' Slabs, GROCERIES AND PROVISIONS. Coping for Lawns and Cemeteries. Honolulu, H. I. No. 112 King St. We direct from the Quarries, import Honolulu Hawaiian Islands And sell at AMERICAN PRICES. S. GREGORY & CO., J3 617 Fort St. above Hotel. Estimates given on work free of charge. —BUILDING SUPPLIES— HOPP & COMPANY, Call and Examine. And Agents lor Importers aud Manufacturers of Peat's Wall Paper, Burrowes, Screens, Wareroom and Yard; No. 641 King St. FURNITURE AND UPHOLSTERY. AlfredHartman Blinds, Sliding Partitions, HAWAIIAN IRON FENCE AND Art Moulding*, etc., etc. CHAIRS TO RENT MONUMENTAL CO. 616 Fort Street, above Hotel. # .... No. 74, King St. Honolulu, H. I. i Phone No. KB H. Z. HKNDKICK, Proprietor �13 1 S H0 P CALIFORNIA FEED CO., LTD., Ijid 10 THE FRIEND (JALIFORNIA FRUIT COMPANY, & CO., George BANKERS. Commission Merchants Dealers in Hay, Grain and Flour. Andrews, Proprietor. Importer Wholesale an t Retail Dealer In California and Domestic Fruits and Produce. Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands. Tel. 484. Nil 1 iii Xiii! Transact a general Banking and Exchange Line kept in Stork at the business. Loans made on approved security Bills discounted. Commercial oredi* 'granted. CALIFORNIA HARNESS SHOP. Deposits received on current accoun 'subject Telephone 778 639 X ng 8t Honolulu to check. Interest paid on specia " Term Deposits" a* the rate of 3% per annum for three for six mouths, and 4% for twelve john nott, months, „.i. Conner Queen A Nuuanu Streets, Honoluxu. "-tsaai months. Regular Savings Bank Department main- TIN, COPPER AND SHEET IRON WORKER, PLUMBER, GAS tained in Bank Building on Merchant St., and Insurance Department, doing a Life, Fire FITTER, ETC. and Murine business on most favorable terms, Stoves and Ranges of all kinds, number's Stock and Ma lerial. House Furntthintj Goods, Chandeliers, Lamps, tte. in Friend Building on Bethel St. P. O. Box 452. ,ALTER & WAITY, "Cheapest si. 680 House in Schuman's ■■■■■■■ ....GROCERS... eep always on hand a full line of Staple and Fancy Groceries HA —-yL. MERCHANT STREET Bet. Fort and Alakea St., Honolulu. d W—l ar—f Stylish and Up-to-date Surreys, I'hae- TowN r ' P. O. Box 300 Orpheum Block Westcott Carriage Co. }\lm R. COUNTER, WATCHMAKER, JEWELER AND OPTICIAN. - - 507 Poet St MISS M* E * KILLEAN, — THE LEADER IN , PITY V» FURNITURE STORE, Manager. UNDERTAKING Honolulu. — CHAIRS RENTED FOR Millinery, Dressmaking, Hair Dressing and Manicuring, Imported Suits and Novelties. Telephone: Office, 846. Hotel St, H.H. Williams. - AUkind,of - All Ooods and Work Guaranteed. 41 Tears' Experience P. O. Box 827. I Jj^ Everything in the Harness Telephone No. 121. I Honolulu, H.I. St. Established in 1858. Arlington Block, Honolulu, H. I. \flTlJs . MONUMENTS. Call, 849. Nos. 581-539 Fokt Steebt, Honolulu. Specially Low Prices All European Goods— I at gf FOR FOURTEEN DAYS ONLY •w: 'at L. B. KERR & CO. QUEEN STREET. �The Friend. 11 [No. 2 HONOLULU, H. 1., FEBRUARY, 1901. Vol. 59.] R la published the drat day of each FRIEND was made illustrious by the and Love shall secure that result. Nothth In Honolulu, H. I. Subscription rate reign per Tear In Advance, Dollars wonderful development of Literature, ing else can do it. immunlcatlons and letters connected with literary department of the paper, Books Science, Art. Commerce and skilled proExchanges. and Magazines, for Review and Stanford California Contrasted. should be addressed "Rev. 8. E. Bishop, Hono- duction, and especially by the immense Buslness* letters should be addressed "T. O. progress of 'Reform in both public and Through certain disorganizing inThrum, Honolulu. H. I." social life. The long Victorian age has Entered at the Post Oflice at Honolulu as second class been incomparably the brightest and most fluences, Stanford University has recentmatter. ly lost six of its most eminent professors. noble in alb English history. and S.E. Victoria—Auwe—e-e! - - - -_ Successful Work of Francis Murphy Future American Population Stanford and California Contrasted Old Memories of Kallua Salem Witch Hangings Hawaiian Witchcraft Papa Ita the Fire Walker Is Prohibition a Failure? Some of Murphy's Talk Miss Eliza Talcott Opium is Free What Honolulu Needs Dr. E. 8. Chapman Railway Terminus and Wharves Steam freighting Line ... Army TransportLine Ro«rl Above Diamond Head Rapid Transit Progress Wireless Telegraphy — Kahuku MillWork Record of Events Editor. 11 11 11 11 12 14 14 14 15 15 15 1* 16 16 16 16 1* 16 16 M 16 16 Mirths, Marriagesand Deaths 17 The Evangelistic Tour <>| the North Pacific Mis18 sionary Institute—The Work at Kaneohe Napoleon a Gambler •••• 19 Victoria—Auwe—e—e! We are fain to lift up voice of loving and tender lamentation for her who has gone, a venerated Mother to all who were born to speak the English tongue, and hold kindred to the great English people. For more than two generations the blameless and illustrious sovereign of the British Kingdoms, she has at last passed from earthly sight in the full ripeness of old age, with all her surviving relatives and descendants around her couch. We mourn with them as their kin, together with the whole of the English Peoples. King means a-Kin, the one who holds the primacy in kinship. Kings and Queens are the fathers and mothers of their people as having a constructive primogeniture in blood kinship. Victoria was the recognized Mother of the English nation. And not only they, but all of English kinship and speech, have claim upon that woman as Mother, and are called upon to mourn for her. We note that Victoria had lived longer than any other British sovereign, and had .reigned longer than any other, longer we believe than any other European monarch. She had been more and more honored and beloved as her years increased. She was illustrious in tbe increasing national renown, in the ever growing extent of her dominions, and in the constant multiplication and prosperity of her subjects, among whom England's "farflung battle-line" preserved order. Her And all this was in a great degree At the same time, we learn that the Calimade possible by the fact that there pre- fornia State University has just secured sided upon the Throne a woman of dig- six new professors, all men of eminence nified purity and benevolent prudence. from Eastern Universities. And yet the We of America also glory in her pure prosperous school with its enormous name, in her gentle and honorable sway, body of students is sadly pinched for in her exemplary home and sodal life, money to pay salaries, while its stormas of one whom we too are proud to tossed rival has the Stanford millions to acknowledge as our kin. We too lament, draw upon. But it takes more than dollars to make a University. alas, our Mother Victoria! Miss Jessie Ackerman, the veteran Successful Work of Francis Murphy. round the world missionary of the W. C. U., has been for the past few weeks, Honolulu has been so favored as for T. two weeks to enjoy the labors of veteran Apostle of the Blue Ribbon. more than two weeks Mr. Murphy the For addressed very large audiences once a day and oftener. He spoke for nine evenings in Central Union Church. Several hundred persons signed the pledge. He is a magnetic and most persuasive speaker.. His speech overflows with humor and sympathy. He has made several talks in the Y. M. C. A. Hall, as well as in Kawaiahao Church. He has talked in Waikiki Church to the soldiers of Camp McKinley, and to the convicts in the penitentiary. On all these occasions great delight has been manifested at his words. Mr. Murphy took leave of us on the 30th, sailing on the Sonoma for Sydney. We shall hope to hear of important results from his work in Australia. and is still, laboring and visiting in these Islands. Miss Marcutt of Australia, engaged in the same work is also here. The Portuguese preacher, Rev. J. Durao, has again arrived with a company of 64 Portuguese from Massachusetts, to work on Kohala plantations. They are a superior class of people. He has "personally conducted" them in a manner very satisfactory to them, and will continue to minister spiritually in Kohala to such of them as are Protestants. Bids for the work of deepening the of Pearl Harbor were advertised lor on January Bth by Federal Government authorities at San Francisco. Only $100,000 have hitherto been appropriated by Congress for the purpose. It is thought that this amount will be sufFuture American Population. ficient for making a beginning by opening a passage through the sand of the Director Merriam of the Census bu- bar, 1700 feet long, 200 feet wide, and to reau points out that at the present rate a depth of 30 feet. It will ultimately of increase the population of the United have to be enlarged to 500 feet in width, States will at the end of the century and 33 in depth. The work has been too reach 440.000.000. It is altogether im- long delayed. probable, however, that the past rates of We have taken some agreeable rides on increase can be maintained. Those rates steadily declined during the past century the electric cars up Pacific Heights, the and must continue to do so. Two hun- last time reaching an altitude of about dred and fifty million may be a reason- 650 feet. It is intended to go about 200 able expectation; and what an enormous feet higher, also to continue the track imperial body of people that will constit- seaward to the end of the tramway above Several more good ute. To unite them in harmony and N'uuanu bridge. well-being will require :i steady progress dwellings are building on the Heights. in moral superiority and social regula- Companies of children from the city tion. We may feel trustful that a grow- schools often ride up where they can ing and loyai sense of God's Holiness study the geography of the Island.' entrance ' �THE FRIEND. 12 Old Memories of Kailua. (Continued.) Yrey prominent in these recollections, is an aged native lady named Kckupuohc. She must have been about 75 years of ■M and still vigorous. She lived about half way from our house to the church, in premises of a superior sort, befitting her rank. She had been a youthful wife of the elderly King kalaniopuu, or Terreolwo as Captain Cook called him. She was by her royal husband's side, when Capt. Cook was trying to lead him to his boat, and saw the great navigator slain, kekiipuolic had a strong but rather pleasant face covered with fine wrinkles, of lighter complexion than .most of the people. Her short, thick, white hair bristled densely around her forehead, so as vividly lo appear in my memory to-day. She had a husband of inferior rank, a large fat man much her junior, of whom I remember chiefly his remarkable skill in expectorating, making shots with great accuracy at some yards distance through the door. The old lady, being royal, guarded herself from sorcery by the use of a Spittoon. Being ignorant of the language, 1 heard nothing directly of her story. My father often spoke of the circumstances of Cook's death, as he had gathered them from many different eye-witnesses. Their testimony all concurred in imputing it to a momentary rage provoked by Cook's extreme violence and injustice. They had universally believed him to be an incarnation of the great god Lotto, had dedicated to him their best heiau, and had there offered to him solemn sacrifices of baked pigs, which he seemed to understand and accept. But they had become much incensed by bis removing the palisades of the sacred heiau to his ship for firewood. A boat had consequently been stolen from his ship and broken up. Cook, greatly enraged, embargoed the bay with patrol boats, and attempted to seize the king and hold him as a hostage. Just as he was leading the king towards the boat, the news arrived that a high chief had been shot while crossing the bay. The frenzied people immediately slew the great Discoverer, who was really the victim of bis own madness. Another prominent native was N'aihe, the husband of Kapiolani, who lived at Kaawaloa. Like Kuakini and Hopu, he always appeared in our presence, in pants and a jacket. N'aihe appears in Hawaiian history aa an orator, antl spokesman for the king and chiefs. I never knew of him in that capacity. He was a rather aged man uf spare form anil ordinary height, and of considerable quiet dignity. Kona district was the residence of quite a number of [February, 1901. numbers of the natives owned little adzes formed of a bent steel plane-iron tightly lashed to a hard-wood handle composed of a small branch with a piece of the tree-stem attached to it. With these sharp edged adzes they would deftly dub away and carve out almost any desired smoothing of timber. Another common iron implement was the o-o, or dagger. The ancient form of o-o, then still in common use was a long stick of hardwood with a flattened point, held paddlefashion by the squatting laborer, who would rapidly clean the ground of weeds and break up the soil two or three inches deep. The iron o-o was a great improvement, being a thin oval blade-point with a socket into which the long handle was inserted. Even this was far behind the hoe, with which penetrating blows could be struck, notwithstanding Kdwin Markhain's melancholy lament. The "Man with the Hoe" had many centuries' ad vantage over the kanaka with the oh-oh— but soon became extirpated. especially the wooden one. I'.ut a HawaiMy recollection is that very few of the ian preferred to dig on bis haunches. There was a white blacksmith named people in those early days possessed any other form of lamp than kukui kernels Rice located in Kailua. who must have strung upon the stiff cocoanut midribs done a considerable business in hammerso as to form candles about 20 inches ing out o-os and bending plane-irons for long. These were held in the hand, ami the natives. Mr. Rice was, like nearly nut after nut successively knocked off all the non-missionary whites of those as it became burned out. I remember days, of irregular habits, and naturally at our night embarkations in the Gov- hostile to the missionaries, whose efforts ernor's canoes near his house, that we tended to restrict immoralities. Poor were lighted by torches made up of five Rice suffered in his own family. 1 reor six kukui candles wrapped together in member to have heard, without underlauhala leaves, and burning with a great standing what it meant, that Rice had ■■'. flare and smoke. On our journey in the terrible time in the elopement of his interior of Hawaii, we encountered stone young half-white daughter. He vainly lamps which were merely a small hollow- searched for her on the premises of a ed stone containing some kind of grease white trader, who as he soon after learnin which laid a wick of twisted tapa. ed, had her headed up inside of a cask The people commonly procured fire by in his shed. Such an escapade, however, friction of wootl, although some of them in those days carried with it no loss of had old files, from which they elicited character to a damsel in any native comsparks by strokes from a gun-flint. It munity. Her only inconvenience would was common to carry fire in a slow-burn- be the flogging her irate white parent ing tapa-match, especially when they administered. We were all greatly pleaswanted to smoke. I first saw fire ob- ed to hear not long after we left Kaitained from wootl at our cam)) on Ma- lua that Mr. Rice had become converted una Kea. A long dry stick of soft hau and an earnest Christian, under the minor linden wood was used. A small stiff istrations of Father Thurston, who had splinter of very hard wood was held in himself, like Dr. Lyman Beecher, been a the right hand, ami the point rubbed with blacksmith. Doubtless the anvil is as great force and swiftness in a deep favorable to breeding missionaries as was groove formed in the soft wood by the the saw and plane in Nazareth, or the net friction. A brown powder soon appeared at Bcthsaida. The natives by the way. wove admirin the end of the groove, began to smokj, and ignited. This was deftly caught into able nets from the splendid olona fibre, a little nest of dry fibre and gently blown which they stained dark brown with kuinto a flame, which soon grew into an kui juice. The sinkers were pebbles, the immense camp-fire. floats of wiliwili wood. Much fishing Iron implements were not very abun- was accomplished with lxrth seine and dant at that time among the people, al- hook. The ancient bone hooks had disthough the neolithic age of polished stone appeared. Steel fish-hooks were a leadcutting implements had ended soon after ing article of trade. The fishermen very Cook had bought "fathom" hogs for a commonly preferred a peculiar form of knife apiece made of hoop-iron. Large book which they filed out themselves chiefs of inferior rank, who were supl>orted by the labor of their many serfs from the produce of the rich uplands. Occasionally a chair or a camphor trunk might be seen in the nice thatched cottages of such natives of rank, besides the mats, tapas, calabashes, and wooden bowls and trays which constituted their furniture. Cloth of any kind was scarce. Kuakini was disposed to monopolize such trade as came from occasional whalers lie possessed touching at Kaawaloa. large quantities of foreign goods stored up in his warehouses, while his people went naked. 1 often heart! my father tell of once seeing one of Kuakini's large double canoes loaded deep with bales of broadcloths and Chinese silks and satins which had become damaged.by long storage. They were carried out and dumped into the ocean. Probably they had been purchased by the stalwart Governor with the sandalwood which, in the twenties was such a mine of wealth to the chiefs, �Vol. 59, No. a.j from large needles; it was without barb, the point being bent to one side and curved inward. The fisherman's craft was one of great skill and Special knowledge. Canoes of all sizes were constantly seen on the sea, often going out to great distances on the usually smooth ocean, that vast blue Pacific. That Kailua storekeeper needs farther notice. He was agent for a leading merchant at Honolulu. When my father was building bis house, he used to give his workmen written orders on the trader for goods. Many orders read, "Please give so antl so five (more or less) glasses." These "glasses" were miserable little shaving mirrors which distorted the features, sohl at 25 cents each. In the following year, 1832, came back from Boston tlie grave inquiry what meant this charge against Mr. Bishop of trading with the natives in liquor, as verified by these written orders for "glasses." which the Kailua trader had forwarded as evidence along with other accumulations of equally strong testimony to missionary hypocrisy, which a Honolulu syndicate caused to be published in Boston] Missionaries were far more obnoxious in those days than "missionaries' sons" are now, being even better people than the latter, ami their white opponents a rather hard set. Nearly every half-white youth of early days in Hawaii was brought up in an atmosphere pervaded with the most violent vilification of missionaries, and these continual calumnies were a frequent theme of discussion in the missionary homes. A newspaper in Honolulu called the "Sandwich Island Gazette," teemed with absurd charges and misconstructions of all kinds, which I used to read with much juvenile indignation. It was certainly a great hardship for those poor fellows who hail comfortably "hung up their consciences at Cape Horn," and were living in serene satisfaction after the heathen ethical code, to have these perverse missionaries pick those consciences off from the Horn, bring them along to Hawaii, wind them up and set them running. ()ne may forgive "the boys" for displaying some resentment at being caused to feel what sinners they were making of themselves among the kanakas. The two elements could not come into contact without much noisy effervescence. Money in those days was hardly a medium of exchange among the natives, most of whom were not familiar with the appearance of coin. What coin was in circulation was entirely Spanish, in dollars, quarters and reals, all probably coined in Spanish America. In my boyhood 1 never saw a British or United States coin of any sort. Gold was not at all in circulation. I did see once or twice a Spanish THE FRIEND. doubloon. Our purchases from the natives were paid for usually with school Ixjoks and slates, but sometimes with a few yards of blue or white cotton cloth, or with fish-hooks or horn combs. Labor was hired in the same way. Up to 1839 on Oahu. the regular wage of ordinary labor was one real or $0,125 a day, Usually paid by orders on a store. There was great poverty, although provident natives in good seasons generally had plenty to eat. Hut any one who had a gootl supply of food, would at once be visited and lived upon by all his kindred. Thus all thrift and saving was discouraged and unknown. The only way lo prosper was to be a chief with a good tract of land and a body of retainers or serfs. Nearly all except the chiefish ones were serfs cultivating small allotments, held subject to the will of their masters. The masters were not commonly severe, yet there was much cruel Oppression, anil little sense of human rights. Recurring to the use of agricultural implements, 1 never in early boyhood saw a plow, a scythe, or a sickle, and I think, not a spade or shovel. My impression is that although the soil of Kona is exceedingly fertile, no plowing is possible on account of rocks. Most of the lava streams which entirely covered the land were of the a-a, or clinker variety. Holes would he made with an ixi into these rough, brittle stone-heaps and a slip of sweet potato vine inserted, which would grow luxuriantly. Much of the lava had undergone sufficient decay to form patches of very rich soil, in which taro, sugarcane, and bananas grew luxuriantly. There were many breadfruit trees on the upland, although their fruit did not constitute any large part of the people's food. We had no wheeled vehicles, not even a wheelbarrow. During our last year at Kailua a black pony came and was used by the two mission families. The two clergymen rode it in turn on their short trips to preaching stations, and the ladies jogged along occasionally on a side-saddle. None of the natives in those days had horses, except tbe princely class of chiefs, and they were generally carried on large litters by scores of human bearers. ()bjects much in evidence among the natives, when visiting or at meetings as well as in their homes were their fans, and their fly-brushes or kahilis. The fans were made from the ends of young cocoanut leaves. The broad end being elastic, threw the air far more efficiently than the stiff fans now commonly braided. Get an old-fashioned native fan for comfortable use. Small fly-brushes were used by all the people. They were about four feet long, the upper half of the stick having the tail feathers of fowls tied on. The kahilis of the chiefs were larger and 13 more elalwrate. The long handles were often beautifully encased with tubes and rings of human bone and whale-tooth, also turtle-shell, all finely polished. A high chief always had two or more attendants armed with such fly-brushes. These chiefs were often unceremonious in their visits. At some early date, before my birth, my mother's little sitting-room was once invaded by a bevy of ladies led by a royal dame, all fresh from their sea-bath, and in nature's array. They brought their garments with them, and proceeded to dress while they chatted and paid the compliments of the day. Those were the good old times. (hir parents were simply clothed in garments of light material, black being mostly reserved for Sundays. 1 think their cheaper garments were nearly all cut and sewed by their wives, and could not have been very stylish. They very commonly appeared in the old-fashioned short jacket. I never saw a frock-coat at Kailua, only the claw-hammer. I was a.t one time, about 1835, much impressed with the unbecoming appearance of some grey cotton coats of. the latter denomination which the two missionaries wore for some time. 'The waists were very short anil the claw hammers extremely scant. 'These coats with vests to correspond came from an assortment of ready-made slops sent out by the treasurer of the American Hoard to our fiscal agent, who worked them off on the poor missionaries. Mr. Chamberlain's own comment upon these goods was. that "much of this clothing tlid not appear to be adapted to the human form." It had probably been supplied in Boston by some thrifty contractor, and passed without due inspection. Mrs. Bishop was an extremely active and efficient lady. Rising at 4 a. m., accomplishing all domestic duties and schooling her children before nine o'clock, she went at that hour into a school adjoining our premises, and taught the native children for six solid hours, occasionally running into the house to see that all was straight. She had a native male teacher as assistant. Her husband's school work was mainly superintendence of other schools in the town and outside. A considerable part of his time was occupied in Bible translation, in which he was aided by Gov. Kuakini and other leading natives, as "pundits," or experts in their own tongue. Mrs. 15. pretty thoroughly wore herself out by her energetic labors, which caused our removal in 1836 to the cooler climate of Ewa, ()ahu, with its refreshing trade-winds. The trades never reached Kailua. Those cool breezes banked up against Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa with the lofty upland between them. Sometimes a trade wind of extra force would tear over the uplands north » �of Hualalai, and was called, a "Muniiiku," but that big mountain effectually sheltered Kailua from such rushing gales. We knew only the land and sea breezes, with an occasional Kona or westerly storm in the winter, attended by a heavy rain. Salem Witch Hangings. The antipathy of irreligious and "liberal" men towards Puritanism has in later days laid hold of the Salem delusion in 1692, in order to reproach our noble .New England ancestors as being more bigoted and cruel than other men. It is well therefore to read what was set forth about the Salem business by Dr. William Frederick Poole thirty years ago in refutation of the errors of Bancroft and I pham who had especially slandered Cotton Mather. Dr. Poole wrote as follows : Februay, 1901. THE FRIEND, 14 "The storm of terror and death, called the Witchcraft Delusion, which swept over Europe in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, left its traces on the early life of the New England Colonies. While it raged in Europe, thirty thousand victims perished in the British Islands, seventy-five thousand in France, one hundred thousand in Germany, and corresponding numbers in Italy, Spam, Switzerland, and Sweden. Witchcraft in New England was of a sporadic and spasmodic type compared with its epidemic and protracted virulence in the < Mil World; and yet the thirty-two executions in the New England Colonies, for supposed confederation with devils, have filled a larger space in history and in public attention than the thirty thousand similar executions which occurred in the mother country. English writers at this day, when they need striking proof of the superstitions of former times, take their illustrations from the records of New England witchcraft. A full and impartial account of English and Scottish diabolism has never commended itself, as a subject of historical investigation, to a modem English writer. Such a record as New England has of its later witchcraft is a* desideratum in the historical literature of old England. The theme is one of strange and peq>ettial interest: and as a subject for psychological study it will never lose its hold on the minds of men. The recent phenomena which under the names of magic, sorcery, necromancy, enchantment, mesmerism, fetichism, and witchcraft are as old as history and universal as the human race. The New England.Colonists had no views concerning witchcraft and diabolical agency which they did not bring with them from the Old World. The prosecutions in England were never carried on with a blinder zeal and more fatal results than dur- ing the tirst twenty years after Governor Winthrop and his company landed at Boston. James Howell, who was later 'Historical Royal to Charles IT. says in his Familiar Letters. February 3, 1(147: in a remote district of Maui, and had raised a Hawaiian family. He was known to be a thorough believer in the supernatural powers claimed by the kahunas, otherwise medicine men or wizards. There is ample evidence that the kahunas themselves believe in their own magic powers, although they do not scruple to reinforce those powers with fraud to any extent. It seems probable that in common with persons of their craft in all heathen countries, they have learned to employ physical and mental laws of an occult sort, and are thus enabled really to produce sickness and death, as well as 'We have multitudes of witches among us; for in Kssex and Suffolk there were above two hundred indicted within these two years, and above half of them were executed.' February 2, 1647, he writes: 'Within the compass of two years, near upon three hundred witches were arraigned, and the major part of them executed in Essex and Suffolk only. Scotland swarms with them more and more and persons of good quality are executed to counteract the same. These practices of sorcery are intimately connected with the worship of the enty years after the last witch was ex- heathen deities, both the greater and the ecuted in -New England wrote: lesser gods. They are thus powerful "To deny the possibility, nay, actual allies of heathen idolatry. Like all priestexistence of witchcraft ami sorcery, is at craft, they are also allied to political once flatly to contradict the revealed tyranny, and are destructive to -lolitical Word of (iod in various passages in both liberty. Whoever opposes the despot the Old antl the New 'Testaments; and stands in fear of his ally the kahuna. the thing itself is a truth to which every Kalakaua undertook to propagate this nation in the world hath, in its turn, unholy terror in order to establish his borne testimony, either by examples, own corrupt despotic power. For this seemingly well attested, or by prohibitory purpose he organized sorcery in his "Halaws, which at least suppose the possibil- le .Nana" society, and made himself the ity of commerce with evil spirits." chief sorcerer, and caused himself to be And yet our American School His- habitually worshipped as a god. tories of the United States continue A late eminent Hawaiian is believed to blindly to follow Bancroft and Uphani in have gone to his death in consequence of representing the pitiful Salem delusion as kahuna machinations. It was probably daily.' " Sir William Blackstonc more than sev- He was an earnest and active Christian, but that had not sufficiently emancipated this good man from inherited and deep runted proclivities to superstition, to enable him to withstand the inantipathy to Puritanism, which stops al sistent warnings and admonitions of his no slander. friends and associates added to those of the sorcerers. 'The writer has known a prominent and honored Hawaiian pastor Hawaiian Witchcraft. a product of Puritan bigotry, whereas it was only a slight sporadic outbreak of what was at that time sending to baiter and stake over 300,000 victims in Europe and Britain. Isut such is the prevalent true. The editor of the Hawaiian Star has an extended familiarity with the conditions of Hawaiian life; he writes as follows : "The kahuna, in spite of all law against his or her practice is still with us, and is every now and again credited with a death. The curious thing is that there are Americans and Europeans here who fully believe in tbe kahuna. It is an odd type of mind, but one quite understandable. Witches are still believed in by many people, and the same low type of intellect believes in the kahuna. This belief or semi-belief is not by any means confined to the uneducated. There are reversions to low ancestral type which in spite of all education have a very thorough belief in both witchcraft and kahunaistn. It is very odd, but it is very true." We were formerly acquainted with an Englishman of considerable mental force who had made his home for thirty years and employ a sorcerer in a futile effort to save the life of a sick relative. Next to social immorality, sorcery is doubtless a chief cause of the wasting away of this to yield to the importunity of his family amiable Hawaiian race, both by direct and indirect influence. It is diametrically opposed to all rational care of health and to sanitation. Papa Ita the Fire-walker. A Polynesian kahuna or sorcerer from one of the Southern islands, has just been giving in this city, exhibitions of his power to walk upon red-hot stones, before crowds of spectators. 'The verified facts are as follows A trench of six feet wide, sixteen feet long, and four feet deep was filled with dry cord wood over which rocks were piletl to several feet in depth. The wood was lighted and burned for : several hours, bringing the stones to a �Vol. 59, No. 2.J considerable heat. All being in readiness and an audience assembled within a curtained enclosure, paying one dollar apiece. Papa Ita proceeded to walk barefooted over the heated stones, hirst the stones were punched and levelled by long poles which took tire in the process. Papa Ita then went around the trench, muttering incantations to his gods, and thrashing the stones with a bunch of tileaves, after which he walked twice or thrice the length of the heated stones with bare feet. At the close of the second performance, a soldier named Murray followed the kahuna over the stones, having only stockings over his feet, repeating the action. It would appear that the stones were far from being red-hot. The city papers 'denounce the performance as a "take" and a fraud. That this is the truth respecting it, would seem to be confirmed by the fact that Papa Has white managers resented Murray's efforts to prove the fraud, and treated him with great violence. Fifteen hundred dollars of tickets are said to have been sold for the first performance. This fire-walking- is circumstantially described as a well-known performance in the South Pacific Islands, and in several Asiatic countries, including Japan. It is always accompanied by idolatrous incantations. We have deemed it quite possible that the kahuna, or Tohunga, was able with no real supernatural aid, but by the quasi-hypnotic effect of his incantations, to generate in himself some kind of a trance condition, allied perhaps to hypnotism. He might thereby avail himself of some occult natural law, not understood by our present science, which would enable him to repel and withstand the effects of heat. We present this as a mere conjecture, in the interest of denying any fancied supernatural intervention of the gods or demons in whose existence and power even the Christianized Polynesians more or less believe. The performances of Papa Ita, as described by the reporters, would seem to belong to a lower and vulgar class of mere deception. The venerable Tohunga, however, received the venerating homage of many enthusiastic Hawaiians, who believed him to possess "the great power of the gods" (Acts 8, 19). He is evidently a very able missionary of the old native Polytheism. Perhaps be is not much more so than some of these old Hawaiian kahunas, of whom the majority of the natives still stand more or less in awe. Papa Ita is a powerful reinforcement to their destructive influence, which is a leading factor in the wasting away of the native race. 15 THE FRIEND. Some of Murphy's Talk. Is Prohibition a Failure? Mr. Francis Murphy so speaks of it. His work in winning intemperate men from their deadly habit is inestimably noble and precious. Yet we are not thereby compelled to adopt all his opinions in respect to other means of withstanding the evils of intemperance. Mr. Murphy speaks of Prohibition in Maine as being a failure, because, as all admit, it has not, after a half century of operation, made it impossible in most towns for any one thirsty for strong drink to obtain it. The sufficient answer to this seems to be that the Maine law does secure an enormous restriction in the sale of intoxicating liquors, and an immense diminution in their consumption. Their sale and use are attended with great difficulties and disadvantages. These facts sufficiently prove the law to be effective, even though it fails extensively to suppress the evil thing. No law accomNo practicable plishes that result. amount of police activity can entirely suppress gambling dens or brothels; but we cordially recognize the salutary effect of prohibitory laws in restricting and minimizing those evils. Perhaps the most important effect secured by the legal prohibition of the sale of liquor, is the removal of open and public temptation. 'The tempting drink is kept out of sight and hidden. It is not glitteringly exposed to view in gorgeous saloons. Men cannot easily invite eacn other to drink. Careless or wayward youth are not constantly incited to indulge in a popular evil practice. The bulk of the temptation is removed from those who have not yet become victims to the compelling inward thirst. Reformation becomes easier when the temptation is withdrawn from public view. Like advantages are secured by the legal suppression of brothels and gambling hells. The bulk of the external and open temptation is destroyed. One never hears the dealers in intoxicants favoring prohibitory laws. They do not for the simple reason that those laws suppress four-fifths of their trade. They may decry prohibition as being ineffective. All the same they recognize it as their deadly enemy. As to Prohibition in Hawaii, or in the City of Honolulu, Thi; Friend is in favor of it whenever the voters are ready to enact such a law. We feel sure that prohibition cannot be enforced here until a majority of our citizens favor it. For this reason we are opposed to any attempts by Congress to enact a Prohibitory Law for Hawaii. It must be done by ourselves, or be ineffective. Francis Murphy spoke to men at Cen- tral Union Sunday afternoon, the 20th, and in a powerful exhortation to total ab- stinence from liquor caused many of his hearers to weep with him. Among the more striking sentences uttered by Mr. Murphy were the following: This subject is always old and always new. Hardly one but has seen some near one wrecked or drowned inthe sea of drink. The cup of fellowship is a bottomless pit. Liquor darkens tbe palace as well as the hut. All who begin to drink are volunteers. No one is forced to enlist in the drunkard's rank. Christ is the gold cure for drink. Be high-toned; be an aristocrat. The gospel of Christ makes people have carriages to ride in. The liquor question is for you to settle alone. The poverty that goes with drink is ■ lark as hell. When a man signs the pledge give him work. It will keep him strong. Don't live on the doubtful side of life. When a man takes the pledge tell him he will keep it. Boost up the reformed man. Tell him he's all right. Throw out the life-line. is a saver.—/. C. .Advertiser. Miss Eliza Talcott. This able and experienced missionary has spent several months in earnest and vigorous work among the Japanese in these Islands, including many weeks both on Hawaii and on Maui. She is now about to sail for her old field of labor in Japan. Miss Dudley of the Japan Mission has also just given Honolulu friends another glimpse of her pleasant face. Several earnest Christian women in Hawaii are bearing good fruit of former training by both of these noble and capable teachers. Opium is Free. By a recent construction of the courts, there is declared to be no longer any restriction upon the possession or use of opium. Thus there is opened a most active agency for the poisoning and destroying of the population of this Territory. Its most destructive effects will he upon the native Hawaiians, large numbers of whom will fall victims to the appetite for the drug. The natives have little control over any appetite that gets possession of them. The experience of former years shows that they will rapidly �16 [February, 1901. THE FRIEND. fall into an extremely excessive use of waiian, American, Orcgonian, .llaskan, Texan, and so on. 'They are expected the drug, ami die in a short time. to land their sugar al New York in sixty days from Honolulu, returning with carWhat Honolulu Needs. goes of merchandise lor San Francisco "Yes, sir," said a progressive citizen and this port. 'Thus are sailing ships yesterday, "Honolulu needs a charter to around the Cape superseded by mammake it a live town. 'There is not an- moth steamers through the Straits of other seaport in the world which hasn't Magellan. a line of saloons and dance-houses on Army Transport Line. the waterfront. Look at this Quaker settlement without a single red light burning within rifle shot of the docks. 1 tell Probably few of our readers on the you the sooner we have a city the quicker Mainland are aware that Uncle Sam Honolulu will get civilized."—/'. ('. Ad- maintains a fortnightly line of splendid vertiter. large Army 'Transports which call at HoHonolulu has tin) long been afflicted by nolulu on their way to Manila, touchtbe missionaries. It needs modernizing by a complete organ- ing monthly at Guam. In returning, they take the northerly route via Japan. That ization of bosses and ward-heelers. route is stormy and rough and has caused great suffering to the returning inDr. E. S. Chapman. valid soldiers. It is not improbable that Ihe Rev. Dr. E. S. Chapman arrived they will in the future be ordered to in Honolulu on the 30th ult. in the inter- take the southern route both ways. ests of Temperance Work. He is the Though longer, there is less wear and editoi of the Oakland Searchlight, and peril to ships and companies. 'The nusecretary of the California State Anti- merous horse and mule transports find Saloon League. He hopes to be able to it necessary to rest their animals for a strike a few blows at the saloon evil in week on shore at Honolulu, after the first Honolulu. He is announced to preach in severities of the long voyage. Central Union Church on the evening of the 3d inst. Road Above Diamond Head. Speaking of the difference between Mr. Murphy's method of temperance work Last Monday we accidentally stumbled and his own, Dr. Chapman says: "Mr. uiKin a new road under construction, of Murphy and myself are both laboring for we had no previous inthe same object, but in different fields. whose existence timation, which is full of interest. but He seeks to cure the snake-bite, and 1 am Statements had appeared in the local patrying to kill the snake." pers that a road was being constructed Railway Terminus and Wharves. around Diamond Head, which any one would naturally infer to be around the Improvements at the harbor terminus sea-base of the Head, no intimation beof the railway are steadily progressing. ing made that the road was being conGreat wharves have been established, structed around the Upper side of the with immense corrugated iron ware- great tuff-cone, as is the fact. 'The road houses, and crowds of large ships. One starts from a point midway of the upper new slip of 1200 feet length and 100 of side of Kapiolani Park. It completes a width is being excavated by a dredger half-circle around the splendid cone, terthrough the mud flat. The mud from minating on the shore at Kaalawai, which this and other dredgings has filled the is in the bight of the western bay formed whole of the great ponds and shoals east by the junction of tbe very remarkabL' of the Prison. A street has been built promontory of Kupikipikio with the and macadamized from a point on the mainland. The road is now almost enroad somewhat makai of the prison tirely graded, lacking chiefly a good balacross the flat to makai of tbe wharves. lasting with the tuff which lies close above the road along its whole length. 'This adds another to the many interSteam Freighting Line. esting drives in the suburbs of the city. The Californian is the first ship arrived It affords much important study to the to open the new Cape Horn line of steam geologist. A number of instructive exsugar freighters to New York. She is posures of rock are made along the line. now loading with sugar at the ()ahu It affords easy access to the Kupikipikio Railway wharf. She will soon proceed peninsula, which is the subject of much to Hilo to complete her cargo of 8000 questioning and controversy as to its tons. The Californian is to be speedily origin. We hope very soon to propound followed by a succession of several very a theory which may prove conclusive uplarge new steam .freighters, named Ha- on the main points of that question. Rapid Transit Progress. The streets have been quite extensively torn up during the past three months m laying the rails for the electric cars. The buildings for the works arc nearly completed, and machinery going in. Manager Itallciitinc promises to have a good extent of line in operation by April ist. ()ur past experience of new enter- prises in Honolulu inclines him till June us to allow We have got along comfortably many years with the old horseless (nuile) cars, and are not as, impatient as most of our juniors are, to spin along faster. ist. About 400 new immigrant laborers from Porto Rico have arrived, and have been distributed to various plantations. 'The first arrivals are all reported as doing well, and satisfied with their conditions. Some 700 moii- are 'expected in a few weeks. Wireless Telegraphy. It is the old story of "hope deferred," until hope has nearly died out in this Hawaiian community. And yet many evidences continue that the workers in charge of this undertaking to communicate between the islands, are still laboring to complete the arrangements. It has repeatedly been intimated that they were just on the point of despatching messages. Hut no messages have been sent or received, at least, by the business public. Possibly we may be able next month to record something more satisfactory. It is stated that all tlie stations have been removed to low ground. The one recently on Kainutki hill is now on the beach over a mile south. Kahuku Mill Work. Kahuku Mill, at the north point of Oahu, produced sugar in 1900 as fol- lows : From Kahuku cane Waialua cane Laie cane 5,288 tons 236 295 ' ' 5,819 tons The Mormon 60 per cent share of the Laic sugar was worth in the market $13,600, which must have gone far towards sustaining their Agricultural M ission establishment. Kahuku estimates 5.419 tons from its own cane this year. Record of Events. Jan. ist.—New Year's illustrated edition of the .Advertiser exhausts the paper supply therefor and proves insufficient for the demand.—The New Year opens with a sad story in the death of W. �THE FRIEND. Vol. 59, No. 2.] Horace Wright from poison, self administered. - Col. Soper disposes of his seat in the Stock Exchange for $5,500.—A Japanese sustains serious injury from an explosion of giant powder at Pacific Heights, from which the children of J. It. Pratt narrowly escape. 2nd.—First batch of negro laborers arrive from 'Tennessee, by the Zealandia, for plantation work in these islands; 15 men and six women.— David Center, an experienced and successful sugar plantation manager, passes away at tbeOueen's Hospital after a three weeks' illness. 3rd. —A number of citizens meet to consider the advisability of a Pish Protective Association. Due progress was made and the chairman authorized to appoint a committee to submit a plan of organization.— Unknown incendiary attempts to burn the residence of P. \\ Macfarlane. I'crctania street, near Punahou, hut is frustrated by the timely arrival of Patrolman \ ida. 4th. —Republican Lit) Charter Committee submit two reports, the majority favoring a plan to embrace the whole island of Oahu, while the minority presented one restricted to the Kona district. 6th.—Miss A. L. Murcutt delivers an afternoon address at the < )pcra House on I lonolulu's Greatest Need, holding her large audience in deepest interest. Bth.—'The Aloha Aina and Kalaiaina Societies amalgamate with the Indepen- . dents, Langfield. a driver for the ( is thrown from the Ice Company, >ahu seat of his wagon and meets a terrible death beneath its wheels. loth.—'Timely discovery of a midnight blaze averts serious consequences in the lodging structures, etc., near the ( )r--phcum. on Port street.—Francis Murphy, the Blue Ribbon temperance advocate, en route to the Colonies, is induced to stop over for a short season's work in this city. 13th.—Mr. Murphy begins his series of gospel temperance meetings at the Central Union Church, which is crowded to hear him, in'spite of stormy weather; at the close of the address over one hundred responded to his appeal to sign the pledge. 16th.—The ( ity o\ Peking brings the second lot of Porto Rican laborers, some 400. about half are women and children —a pitiable looking lot.—Samples of cleaned sisal fibre, from the Hawaiian Fibre Co.'a farm, between Ewa mill and Barber's point, placed on exhibition in this city attracts favorable comment. —A seven year old Chinese girl in recklessly attempting to cross the street ahead of hack horse is knocked down and fatally injured, death ensuing in twelve hours. 17th.—Anniversary of the downfall of the monarchy, a partially observed holi- 9th.—Louis day.—A spell of unusual high tradewind, causing much commotion among the shipping. Schooner Mokihana goes ashore at Waianae.—Preliminary meeting of business men toward organization of a Honolulu Merchants' Association.— Quarterly meeting of the Associated C harities. at which an enlarged sphere of helpfulness, and two new society affiliations were repotted.— The temperance meetings conducted by Erancis Murphy are proving a great help to many. lyth. — Papa Ita, a Tahitian, gives an exhibition of walking on hot stones. A heavy shower just before the performance interfered with its success both from the kahuna's and public's standpoint. 21 st.— A man who had given his name as Samuels is found dead in his bed at the Sailors' Home. Upon an inquest held subsequently the case is supposed to be one of suicide.—Schooner I'wilight returns again to port in distress. 23rd.—Albert Hermanson, in a fit of despondency, hangs himself: leaving a helpless invalid wife in sore distress.— Mr. Murphy closes his series of temperance services al the Central Union (.lunch, a large audience again attending on the occasion. 24th. — Papa Ita repeats his feat ol walking over hot stones barefoot, but the performance ends in a row between a soldier, the manager and certain police officers.— Paul Egry. violinist, gives his farewell concert at the Opera House. — E. ('. kaufmann, a member of the band, fearing arrest takes his life with a pistol. 25th.—Rev. Mr. Cory and his co-workers give an "at home" at the Christian Church, which proves a social and artistic success, many of the soldiers in port participating.—The Scots of the city honor the memory of Burns by a full attendance at the celebration by the Scottish Thistle Club, at Waverly Hall.— News received of the serious illness of Queen Victoria. —Sixty-five Portuguese, from the Eastern States, arrive per Zculandia for plantation service. 26111. —Kukunia, the watchman at Wilcox's poi factory, was attacked by some person unknown, and horribly butchered at an early hour this morning. When found he was unable to speak and died at the hospital in the afternoon without having been able to give any clue.—Honolulu Merchants' Association perfects organization. —Supreme Court renders a decision declaring the license tax illegal. 27th.—Francis Murphy puts in a full day's work in various parts of the city by way of farewell services. 29th.—A two story dwelling near tbe Honolulu Iron Works, Kikaako, is destroyed by fire, and an adjoining storehouse badly damaged. 30th. —Arrival of the Sonoma, 5 days 17 and 20 hours from San Francisco, bringing a large list of passengers for this port, followed a few hours later by the Hong Kong Maru, which left ahead. 'The sad news of the dea/h of Queen Victoria, though somewhat expected, shocks the community. 31st. —Live distributing clerks of the Post Office struck last evening for extra pay for overtime work. With three outgoing steamer mails today, the office has had its hands full.—Francis Murphy leaves on the Sonoma for the Colonies.— Prof. VV. I). Alexander, surveyor-general ever since the establishment of -the bureau, resigns to take charge of the toast and Geodetic Survey work at this point.— Rev. and Mrs. Wm. M. Kincaid threw open their new home, on 'Thurston avenue, from 7:30 to 10 p. m. The reception was very general; largely attended and enjoyable throughout. BIRTHS. WILDER—At Paris, France, Dec. sth, WOO, to the wife of Jus. A. Wilder, a sun. BALDWIN—At tlamakuapoko. Maul, Jan. sth, UOl, to the wire of H. H. Baldwin, a son. JUDD—In Honolulu, Jan. 6th, to the wife ol A. F. Judd, a son. ANDERSON—Jan. 12th, to the wir,. of H. Anderson, of Maul, a daughter. URI'NDAC.E—In this city, on Jan. UU*, to the wife of N. VV. Itrundage, a daughter. SMITH —In this city, Jan. 26th, to Hie wife of A. T. Smith, a daughter. GUILD—In this city, Jan. 27th, to the wife of Andrew Guild, a daughter. HITCHCOCK—In Hilo, Hawaii, Jan. 22nd, to the wife of E. N. Hitchcock a daughter. BALDING—At Walnaku, Hilo, Hawaii, Jan. 2:inl, to the wife of E. T. Balding, a daughter. DEATHS. CENTER—In this city, Jan. 2nd, at UN Queen's Hospital, David •Center, or Maul, aged 44 years. JUDD—In Honolulu. Jan. Nth, infant son or Mr. and Mrs. Albert F. Judd. LANGFELD—In this city, Jan. Hth, from an accident, Louis Langfeld, aged —, McINTYRE—At Honolulu. Jan. 10th, George .M<-Intyre, aired m, a native of Tahiti. GARTENBERG—At Walklkl, Jan. 20th. of heart disease, Mrs. A. GartenberK, daughter of J. W. Magulre. CARTER—In this city, Jan. 22nd, Dorothy, Infant daughter of Mr. and Mrs. A. W. Carter, aged 1 year and 4 months. DEXTER—At Woodland, Cal., Jan. 9th, T. J. Dexter, aged 70 years, 2 months and 18 days; beloved father of Mrs. C. E. Frasher, of Honolulu. ROSENBERG—In San Francisco, Jan. 11, I_.uts P. Rosenberg, relict of the late Fanny Rosenberg, and beloved father of Mrs. 8. W. Lidercr, of Honolulu, a native of Hanover, Germany, aged 72 years 11 months and 11 days. BIRT—In this city. Jan. 13th, Mabel Iretne, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Blrt; aged 2 years, 2 months. CLOUD—In this city, Jan. 13th, Ellzalwth Dowry Cloud, of pneumonia, after a short Illness; a native of Philadelphia. MARRIAGES. O'CONNKLL-BEMROBE—At the residence of the bride's parents, Jan. 1, 1901, Patrick James o'Connell to Mabel M. Bemroae, Rev. G. _. Pearson officiating. LOWELL-M'LAIN—At the residence of Mr. W. L. Eaton. Jan. 21st. by the Rev. G. L. Pearson, Mr. Walter D. Lowell to Miss Mlna T. Mrl,ain, both of Spreckelsvllle, Maul. MASON-MULLEN—In this city. Jan. 2Srd. at the Methodist parsonage, by the Rev. G. L. Pearson, Robt. L. Mason to Miss (Tiara L. Mullen TAYLOR-MOORE—In Honolulu, Jan. 30th. by Rev. W. M. Klnca'.d J. Lawton Taylor to Miss Louise Moore. HAWK-MARBHICEK-At the Methodist parsonage, this city, Jan. list, by the Rev. O. Wm. Hawk, of Alameda, CaJ.. to L. Pearson, Marshicek, of Milwaukee, Wis. Miss Annie �HAWAIIAN BOARD. HONOLULU, H. I. This pace la devoted to the interests of the Hawaiian Board of Missions, and the Editor, appointed by the Board, !• responsible forits contents. Februay, 1901. THE FRIEND. 18 • Rev. O. P. EMERSON -- Editor. Statements have been made in the daily papers to the effect that the annual meeting of the Hawaiian Evangelical Association is to be held next June in Hilo. It is but just to state that though the matter has been under contemplation, nothing has vet been decided. As there are important matters to come up for discussion at this meeting which will make it rather necessary for the Association to be in easy communication with its Board, it may DC best not to have the meeting away from Honolulu this year. The aged missionary veteran. Rev. James Kekela, is wanted back in the Marquesas. Were the way thither easy and inexpensive be would certainly go. He is restless at thought of dropping work entirely and yet he seems too old a man to do much more. Mr. H. K. Poepoe, who, for the last six months has done such acceptable work in the Kautnakapili parish, and whom many in the parish would like to see made associate pastor with Rev. Titnoteo, has temporarily entered the work on Maui. He is at present doing evengelistic work with Mr. Leadingham and his theological students. His future field of work is not yet decided. He is wanted Ixith on Maui and Oahu. He will probably go to the field that gives him the heartiest and promptest invitation. of material for the superstructure. There follows a list of things needed. The Japanese men who are building the Labaina Kindergarten will take the contract for building this church (chapel) for $<)5.00. The Gilbert Islanders will paint and whitewash, will the Hawaiian Board furnish the'material and the $0,5 to put up this church? The congregation seldom goes below forty. The church building at Kahakuloa is in a sad condition. We have on hand the money to pay for the labor of repair, but there is needed new material—will the Hawaiian Board send the material? The past year Hon. 11. P. Baldwin has paid for the new seminary building I almost .fv'.ooo t. the kindergarten at Labaina, and helped generously in repairing churches, aside from being the Pastors' Aid Society for Maui and Molokai. Furthermore, his generous help is needed in the erection of a Chinese church and school in Wailuku. So I hope tin.' Hawaiian Hoard will see its way clear to give aid in the two cases mentioned, al Labaina and Kahakuloa. 'The work ti|>on the settlement building and grounds has occupied my time, hut I hope soon to tour again on this island and on Molokai. The Evangelistic Tour of the North Pacific Missionary Institute— The Work at Kaneohe. RBeyv.Leadingham. J. evening we helped the people with Ihe magic lantern in a concert they had prepared for that evening to raise money for the trip to Waialua. 'Then on Christmas morning we came hack to Honolulu. We went the second time on January y\. being followed by Mr. Richards on the sth. ()n the first evening we used the lantern again, showing pictures from the life of Christ closing with a picture of tbe crucifixion and one illustrating ihe words, "Behold I stand at the door and knock.'' A sermon was preached on the thoughts suggested by these last two pictures. Christy redemptive work for us was dwell upon and the closing thought was that he now sought admittance into OUr lives. At the close the opportunity was given to all who were willing to admit Christ into their lives, signify it by rising. Aside from the Church members who rose were eleven to others. 'The meeting had heen marked throughout by a very close attention and deep interest and those who rose evident lv did so deliberately and with a clear purpose in so doing. The following evening after another sermon, another opporlunity was given lor those who so wished to rise and three more stood up. This made the number of those who signified their purpose in this way to become Christians, fourteen. One interesting fact was that two of this number were Chinese and two others part Chinese. The assurances given by most of these persons in private conversations afterward indicated a sincere desire to do in reality what they had professed. 'The Sunday School and morning service on Sunday were conducted by Mr. Richards followed in the evening by a testimony meeting with which this most interesting work at Kaiieohe closed, and we all Mr. Richards being detained in Honolulu by other duties, four students and myself went first to Kaneohe on Friday, December -'Ist. We found that the notice had gone abroad that we would give an exhibition of the magic lantern in the returned to Honolulu'the next morning. Miss Malone writes: I found that the evening. Although this had not been our The church at Kaneohe has been supplied Gilbert Islanders at Labaina were church- intention, it was thought best to do so in for the past two years by one of the stugoers. The women make hats, the men view of the expectation of the people; dents of the Institute. Mr. Win. Haletish and so their needs are met. 'They do and so we did. using the pictures illustratand at the unanimous desire of the ole: not rank well as workers on the planta- ing the life of the Prodigal Son. The he was left behind to follow up people, were next these evening pictures repeattion. 'They are however open to influence the work by looking after those who had and I think they will take their place as ed by request, and some others from the confessed Christ, and attending to the an were shown scenes of Christ's early life workers. They have worshipped in other affairs of the Church. old building belonging to the Hawaiian in addition, the exhibition in each case church. Through various efforts some being accompanied by the telling of the The many old friends in Hawaii of money was raised and $■>..; worth of ma- story and the drawing of lessons from it. r a ,ni falterial WM bought. The plantation added On Sunday there was the regular Sunday Tod Bean will be School service; but have lacked followed a lines written by preaching lowing by him for the Asthey to the amount, somewhat the leadership and the means and this was followed an hour later by a sociated Charities Century Festival, New to utilize the material. The women gave prayer meeting, it being the custom of England Dinner Day, at San Jose. Cat., nineteen hats for the benefit of the the people in Kaneohe to have both the Dee. 31st, 1000. church. Mr. E. H. Carleton in charge services on Sunday before the people reof the industrial department at I_ihaina- turn to their homes. It was now within A RETROSPECT. luua was put in charge, the minister, two days of Christmas and as the peoEngland Seventy Years Rev. Lutera and several of the Gilbert ple were busy trelting the children ready Homr Life In New Ago. Islanders giving their services. It was for a Sunday School gathering to be held found impossible to repair the church (a al Waialua on December airth and 30th, Sunie pawl thelf three .more years iitnl leu, small meeting house). There was only WC concluded that it was best to post>{• -mtitil. with pen and tongue. one thing to do, to remove it. A founda- pone the rest of our work till the holi- To tell how life wns faring when tion has been made, but there was a lack day season was over. So on Monday The Century was youngr. '" *' ' " �Those dlstunt years so tranquil seem, So free from rush and strife, Ere Electricity and Steam Quickened the pace of life. — New Kngland hills had never heard Shrieks from the Iron horse, No Lightning yet had winged a word, IJy the device of Morse. No street curs passing up und down, No bicycles were known; Folks could "»t talk from town to town Upon the Telephone. No dully papers tidings brought From all the wide world o'er. Of battles fought and havoc wrought Only the day before. Our mothers from the Mux and wool Our clothing spun and wove, And kept their tempting cupboards full Without the cooking-stove. The coals were kept from going out UpOB the health at night, For matches had not come about The llres anew to light. Girls who In household ails were tuught Anil boys who held the plow, Head many hours with pleasure fraught As keen as any now. Its fields stone walled, and pastures green, its singing brocks and rills. The good old days we well may praise For priceless legacies; But who can suy "the former days Were better days than these!" We lived within a little world, With its horizon near; Our narrow sect seemed all that held A Christian "title clear." Now, children of one family We round one table sIL And In fraternal fellowship All Christian hearts are knit. The Pilgrim and the Puritan Have spanned the continent; With nobler thoughts of Ood und man They have enlarged their tent. Tho' sin abounds, and suffering sore, In every land and zone. Yet liiaie.nnd Truth abound Ihe more, And Christ leads on His own. Our birthright is a precious boon— A sacred heritage, To be Improved and built upon, I'pon a wider stage That what our Pilgrim Fathers won. May bless the coining age. The huskings mill the apple-bees Came with the opening year; Feasts ol' Ingathering were these The harvest homo to cln el. spelling schc ols of Winter nights; Sleigh- rides, with Jingling li. Us; The holidays In haying time On huckleberry hills; The And I" our own home-life we found Our best perennial joys Vailed Willi every season's round To happy girls and boys. The fireside where we gathered In, When evening chores were done, Was witness to a lively scene Of study, work, and fun. The presence of some welcome guest. Or teacher, "boarding sound," To talk on common themes gave zest Alio subjects more profound. We listened to the legends old Of regions round about; RlddlM were guessed anil stories told. And hardest "sums worked out." The apple-dish was passed of course, And from the hogshead rows The cider-mug was filled for guests Who such a beverage chose. The storm might beat and drift without, Hut all within was bright. Where books were read and stockings knit Hy fire and candle-light. In the sugar-camp, Or hauling In the hay, Or washing sheep, or shoveling snow, Our work was turned to play. Sometimes, as The farmer drove hla oxen then, By hand the corn was hoed; The sickle cut the fields of grain, By scythe the grass was mowed. New England dear! we love It yet, Its mountains, woods and hills, 19 THE FRIEND. Vol. 59, No. 2.] the unspeakable elation of victory; the gigantic vicissitudes of triumph and deteat ; the tumult and frenzy and divine sweat; the very scorn of humanity and all that touches it, life and property and happiness, the anguish of the dying, the horror of the dead—all these sublimated passions not merely seem to raise man for a moment beyond his fellows, but constitute a strain which human* nerves are And Naponot able long to endure. leon's character was profoundly affected by the gambling of warfare. The star of his destiny, which bulked so largely in his mind, was but the luck of the gambler on a vast scale. He had indeed his full measure of the gross and petty superstition which ordinarily accompanies the vice. And so, even in his most desperate straits, he cannot bring himself to close the account and sign a peace; for he always cherishes the gambler's hope that fortune, or the star of destiny or whatever it be called, may yet produce another transformation, and restore all his losses by a sudden stroke.— Lord Rosebury. |(J AHU RAILWAY Napoleon a Gambler. _______H____OTk_ Supreme power, then, destroyed the balance of his judgment and common sense, and so brought about his fall. Hut it was not the only cause. 'There was another factor. He was deeply imbued with the passion of warfare. It is difficult to realize the full strength of this fascination, for, though all soldiers feel the fever of the field, it is rarely given in all the countless generations of the world to experience it in its full strength, as one who enjoys, as absolute ruler, the sole direction, responsibility, and hazard of great wars. Hut if common men love to risk chances in the lottery or with tbe dice, on the race-course or the stock exchange, if there they can find the sting of excitement, war is the gambling of the gods. & LAND CO. The haunting risks of disaster; Trains Kun Betwkrn HONOLULU, PEARL CITY, EWA AND WAIANAE PLANTATIONS TAKE AN OUTING SATURDAYS. Trains will leave st 9:15 a. m., nud 1:46 p.m. arriving in Honolulu at 3:11 r. m. tun] 5:56 P.M. ROUND TKIP TICKETS: Ist Clash 2nd Class 9 75 $ 50 Pearl City 100 76 Kwb Plantation Waiunae 160 126 Importers of Live Stock HOARDING STABLE LIVERY and DEALERS HARNESS IN MANUFACTURERS and WAGON MANUFACTURING and REPAIRING HLACKSMITHING and HORSE-SHOEING DEALERS IN HAY, GRAIN and FEED HORSES, MULES, COWS, CHICKENS and VEHICLES MODERN HONOLULU STOCK-YARDS CO. LIMITED. W. H. RICE, pre«ident. W. S. WITHERS, Manager. �20 Q m THE FRIEND. HAWAII, Ltd., JJANK OFunder the laws of the Hawaiian THE BREWER & CO., Lt_. (Incorporated General Mercantile COMMISSION AGENTS. HAWAIIAN ANNUAL Queen St., Honolulu, H. 1. FOR 1901 ! • — 111 HECTORS: Ueo. K. Carter H Water lions.' C. M. i'iii>k« PACIFIC W. f. Allen HARDWARE CO., Ltd. Fort St., lUiiolulu HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS, CROCKERY, GLASSWARE, CUTLERY AND GENERAL MERCHANDISE. PLANTATION SUPPLIES, Lubricating Oils, Art h C. SAVINGS DEPARTMENT. HONOLULU .... ----- \y. G. IRWIN & CO., THOS. G. THRUM, Honolulu, il I. P I'ublishir IMPORTERS J[OLLISTER DRUG CO., HENRY Limited. AM) DEALERS IN Wholesale nntl Retail SHIP CHANDLERY, DRUGGISTS HARDWARE Dealers in Photographic Supplies Hoii.ilulu. H. I. AND General Merchandise. (}ASTLE & COOKE, Ltd., Honolulu. H. I. COMMISSION MERCHANTS, SUGAR FACTORS. Agents for The Ewa Plantation Co., The W.iialua Agricultural Co., Ltd., Tb» Kohala Sugar Co , The Waimea Sugar Mill Co, The Kolob Agricultural Co., The Knlton Iron Work*, St. Louis, Mo., The Standar I Oil Co., Geo. P. Blake Steam Tumps, Weston's Centrifugals, The New England Miitu il Life Tim Co. of Boston .'Ktnn Fire Inaurance Co of Hartford, Conn. Alliance Asaurance Co , of London. . .. LUNCH ROOM, JJEAVER H. J. Nol/i'K, l'lmi-itiKiou TEMPERANCE COFFEE HOUSE. Fort Street, Honolulu, 11. I. Best (Quality of Cigarettes, Tobitoco, Smokers' Articles, etc., always on hand. KolillUT I..WKK" fjEWEBS V J. I.owkey CM Cools & COOKE, Dk.ai.kks iv LUMBER & BUILDING MATERIAL. OflonU Fort St. Yard: Between Kiug, Kort Port Street. Honolulu SUGAR FACTORS COMMISSION AGENTS. Agents for O. lIALL & SON, Purveyors tv Oci'imii' Steamship Co., iiml the * Pacific Mail Steamship Co. Honolulu, H. I. No. 81, King Street and t'andless. Exchange drawn on Wells, Fargo tk Co.'l Hunk, in San Francisco and New York, and their correspondents throughout the world. Attend to General Hanking Business. Safe Deposit Boxes rented by month or year. J. WALLER, MANAGER. SHIPPING AND FAMILY BUTCHERS AND NAVY CONTRACTORS. 8400,000.0;) Ordinary and tetm Deposits will be received Rum Illustrative Nnmlier Replete with Valuable Interest allowed In accordance with rules Historic Information pertaining to Hawaii and and conditions as printed In Pass Books. Copies Deposits for Handy Reference. of terms and conditions upon which will be received may be had upon application, or Carofully revised. Statistical and Census Tables, mailed to those desiring same. Specially prepared Articles 011 Timely Topics, relating to the Progress and Development of IRON WORKS CO. the Islands. Iteseirch aud ( urreut History concisely dealt with. M IMOPAOTOMM of One of the .Most Interesting Numbers yet MACERATION TWO-ROLL MILLS, Published. Alike Valuable for Home and Foreign Readers. with Patent Automatic Feed Nothing excels the Hawaiian Annual in tho Double and Triple Effects, Vacuum Pans and amount aud variety of Reliable Information Cleaning Pans, Steam and Water Pipes, Brasa pertaining to these Isl mils. and Iron Fittings of all Descriptions, Etc. Honolulu, H. I. Queen Street 1-HII K7."> CENTS. M WI.KI) AHKOaI'FOII RIO-NTS Specialty ]y| ETROPOLiTAN MEAT CO. .... Chas. M. Cooke, President; J. B. Atherton. VicePresident; C. H. Cooke, Cashier; F. C. Atherton, Secretary. Henry Waterhouse, Tom May, !•'. W. Macfarlane, E. D. Tenney, J. A. Mc- (roods Picture Kriniiiiu.' CAPITAL OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS: 27TH Issue. _*I3T OF OFUCKKS: C.M.Cojk* MM ...Manager l.eoi_». ii. Ruber Uon Meoretnry aud Treasurer X Ksxon lll.lioii Republic.) and Merchant St*. the Oceanic Steamship Co. MAY CO., Ltd. Wholesale and Retail GROCERS, PROVISION MERCHANTS, TEA AND COFFEE DEALERS. Hetnil Departments: Corner of Fort and King Streets. Waverley Block, Bethel Street. Wholesale and Telephones: Shipping Departments: Fort Street. St., 22 and <_ Bethel Bethel St., '24 and 949 Wholesale and Shipping Depts., 949 QLAUS SPRECKELS & CO., BANKERS. Draw Exchange on the principal parts of the woi Id. and transact a general Banking Business Hawaiian Islands. Honolulu, - THOS. ---- G. THRUM, Importing and Manufacturing ___^^___ J I AWAIIAN TRUST AND [*ORTER FURNITURE CO., Importkhs OP INVESTMENT COMPANY, Ltd. FURNITURE, UPHOLSTERY AND BEDDING. HONOLULU. H. I. for express purpose of acting as TRUBTEEB, OUARDIANS. ADMINISTRATORS. EXECUTORS. RECEIVERS r <A ASSIGN I. Organised Corner of Hotel and Bethel Sts. Wickerware, Antique Oak Furniture, Cornice Poles, Window Shades and Wall Bracket*) Low Prices Satisfaction Guaranteed STATIONER, BOOKSELLER, NEWSDEALER, And Publisher of the "Hawaiian Almanac and Annual." Dealer In Fine Stationery, Books, Toys and Fancy Goods. FORT bY, (Near Hotel St.) HONOLULU � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Friend (1901) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Friend - 1901.02 - Newspaper Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1901.02