https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/af58236766894d9b160e51c955c7dde9.pdf ab3dfe911154fc00ca7fa15034201f72 PDF Text Text �THE FRIEND 2 THE FRIEND A Cent Apiece—l2o for $1.00 4x6}{ inches M Wk M \\ I I W V Is published the first week of each month in Honolulu, T. H., at the Hawaiian Board Book Rooms, 400-402 Boston Building. Famous pictures for Sunday School uses made by BROWN of Beverly Mass. OLLEGE HILLS, J The magnificent residence tract of the Oahu College. The Board COOL CLIMATE, SPLENDID VIEW The cheapest and most desirable lot. offered for sale on the easiest terms: one-third cash, one-third in one year, one-third in two years. Interest at 6 per cent. TRUSTEES OF OAHU COLLEGE, OAHU The Friend can meet your magazine Hawaiian Islands. wants. What are they? Write us. World's Work The Friend (Arthur F. Griffiths, A.8., Presiuem.) Our club offer and Century PUNAHOU PREPARATORY SCHOOL Outins Book Lovers (Samuel Pingree French, A. 8., Principsl.) 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Co., Boston, Aetna Fire Insurance Co., Hartford, Conn., Alliance Assurance Co., of London. �Friend. The No. HONOLULU, T. H., JULY, 1904 VOL. LXI TREASURER'S STATEMENT. June 24, 04. — Floating- Assets $ Cash 70-60 821.25 Interest uncollected 3000 Rent $ 921-85 Liabilities— $1,460.65 Overdraft 8,250.00 Bills Payable $9,710.65 Bal. of indebtedness $8,788.80 Indebtedness last month $8,795.11 Debt diminished since last 6.31 month Another fiscal year began with Lihue's Wa Hauoli The annual meeting of the Evangelical Association at Lihue was notable for the general interest it provoked. The daily press both editorially and in its news columns gave its deliberations generous space, a courtesy for which The Frund on behalf of the Association hereby expresses hearty thanks. The success which crowned the labors of Rev. J. M. Lydgate and the committees which arranged the anniversary merited such wide public recognition. Every affair of the kind to be successful demands a leader gifted with the power of organization. Lihue found such in Mr. Lydgate. Months ahead he began planning, choosing his committees with care and assigning to each its sphere. These committees were themselves composed of trained entertainers who gave such thorough attention to details that the keenest critical study of the arrangements for the comfort of delegates and the quick dispatch of the work in hand was rewarded with the discovery of not even the slightest rlaw. From beginning to end Llhue's part was perfectly performed. We remember never to have attended a like gathering with completer, less obtrusive or more smoothly moving machinery. No wonder this care for the temporalities made itself felt in the deliberations and effected a harmony anel good feeling which combined with the intellectual and spiritual tone of the meeting, elrew from Rev. O. H. Gulick the characterization—"the best the Association has ever held." May 15. The Board has just prepared The Knotty Problem The attendance was unusually large, its tmdget,—its appropriations for an- sixty-five members being registered by the scribe. In addition many who were other year. It involves $35,000 in ex- not delegates came from the other three At the Sunday School penditures. This is based on an in- large Islands. Exhibition on Sunday morning an audicome at least as large as last year's,— ence of one thousand assembled in and about the church, notwithstanding serwhich was about $20,000 less than two vices in English and in Japanese at the Public Hall and Y. M. C. A. building. years ago. Some of the leading workers of the Territory, however, were unable to be presBut what of the debt? That, too, ent because of the pressure of school duties. It is significant that the Association should be wiped out—and there is looks to Christian teachers throughout the Islands for assistance in its work and Christian money enough in Hawaii to finds in many its most enthusiastic coLeaders like Prof. J. C. Davis laborers. T. R. do it easily. 7 of Hanalei, T. K. Amalu of Hookena, C. E. King of Maui and D. Kanuha of Kamehameha though on the program, were unable to be present. It was felt that this difficulty must be obviated another year by the choice of a time when teachers can attend. Two plans were proposed, one the selection of the week following Easter Sunday, which is vacation season, the other by postponing the meeting until the third week in June. The adherents of the latter plan prevailed. The only objection to this is its coming so near to the season of commencements when Honolulu is exhausted both by the heat and the strain of continued meetings. However, this date will be given a good trial next year and if it prove unwise a further change may be instituted. Business Achievements The things done by the Association may best be characterized by the phrase "getting into line with world-wiele Congregationalism." Dr. Walter Laiellaw in the federation shows that in the United States the Congregational polity stanels first in the number of its adherents with 7,535,580, the Episcopal second with 7,-268,518 anel the Presbyterian third with 4,063,577. Already the divided units of the latter are coming together in the union of the Northern and Cumberland Presbyterians. Those of the South will soon be added. The Congregationalists, Methodist Protestants and United Brethren are on the verge of union, and it is not too much to expect that the Baptists anel Disciples will in time yield to the demand for consolidation and then the nearly eight million Congregationalists will stanel as one. It is well that Hawaii is preparing for such an event by coming into close vital relations with its Congregational brothers. By electing a layman as Moderator for the first time in its history, by choosing a full list of delegates and alternates to the National Council, by nominating candidates for corporate membership in the American Board and by changing its constitution so as to represent all the churches of the Territory, the Evangelical Association put itself unequivocally in sympathy and into co-ooeration with the great body of Christians who for 80 years have stood hehind it. All these actions were taken with absolute unanimity and after kindly, il- �4 THE FRIEND spire others with high ideals and uncommon faithfulness in pastoral visitation ever deserved recognition by the confering of this honored title, then the Pride of the Berkshires has done well in recognizing the splendid service of the Pastor of Central Union Church of this city. The Friend most cordially exThe Topical Plan tends its hearty congratulations and Another first thing at Lihue was the wishes Dr. Kincaid many years of still choice of a dominating subject and the as- more fruitful labor. signment of sub-topics to speakers carefully selected in advance. This gave ADeed that Counts unity and coherence to the whole anniversary, and left in the minds of all who Christian comity is a real thing in this attended impressions bound to be last- Territory. Sometime ago a gentleman ing. It is safe to predict that the Asso- on the mainland sent Rev. G. L. Pearson ciation will never return to the old-time $1000 to begin Methodist work among petty discussion of details of church do- Chinese. Looking carefully over the ings and the tiresome listening to sleepy ground he found it well tilled by the Hareports crowded with empty figures. waiian Board and felt that he must deVital themes alone will be on deck. We cline to use the gift for partisan religious regret that no full account can be given purposes. Later on it was proposed by of the many able addresses. Elsewhere the Hawaiian Board to inaugurate a miswe print those delivered by Mrs. M. K. sion among the Koreans en the Island Nakuina, Miss K. C. McLeod anel Mr. of Hawaii but learning that Mr. Pearson A. M. Merrill, the only ones available. had Methodist evangelists busy among We also refer very briefly to some of the this people at all the principal points the points made by a few other speakers, but Board at once and without a moment's as no shorthand reporter was available, debate decided to leave this field to the and inasmuch as much that was taken Methodists as long as they could fully had to be jotted down at the time, the occupy it. Last month again it was bare sense being put into English while learned that Mr. Pearson had completed it was in process of delivery in Hawa- arrangements to send a Japanese evaniian, the gist was apt to be lost and hence gelist to Koloa. Immediately negotiamuch that was worth publication never tions followed showing that Mr. Pearson came to hand. was entirely unaware that the Board had been working Koloa as an outstation for The Language Question years and had quite a company of Christhis he deHawaiian was the official tongue as tians there. Upon hearingdistrict to the cided at to leave this once was fitting. But English was used interchangeably and it was freely remarked Board and enter the Kapaa-Kealia-Kilfrom Koloa that two-thirds or four-fifths of those auea region, bespeaking same aid for the Board's the plantation at the sessions underordinary present he had secured for his stood the common language. Japanese evangelist that a history as this argues a own. Such Chinese were also heard and for the and of first time adequate provision in the as- splendid future for the Christianity name differing this of Territory. Though was leadmade for the signment of topics of the Cross marchers of Christian work among these na- we are all Comrades Leader and we can under the same ing tionalities. The two Portuguese pastors to and Co-operation not afford clash. spoke with great force using English and as age the order of the comity are which is equally "mother tongue" to Hathem. Skillful interpreting, the brunt of long as Rev. G. L. Pearson and the Methowhich fell upon Rev. O. H. Gulick, re- waiian Board labor side by side Hawaii Congregationalists in dists and freshand rather gave moved the tedium felness and piquancy to the discussion. are bound to support one another as Grand The Army. low the companies in of determination to Where the grace its make the best of these language barriers Board put on record by special vote acof the appreciation kindly, generous is present, they present no longer the Bishop of Methodism in the bareness of the picket fence but rather the tion of "the as those, who know, love to Islands," charm of a flowering hedge. call him. luminating discussion. The first lay Moderator, Judge H. K. Kahele, made an ideal presiding officer, impartial, dignified, quiet, mindful of time relations, expediting the dispatch of business with tactful resource. Congratulations Last month from Williams College, his alma mater, Rev. William Morris Kincaid received the high honor of the degree of Doctor of Divinity. If pulpit eloquence of a rare order, ability to in- Another Farewell This time it was goodbye to "one of the pluckiest little women in Hawaii." Mrs. J. Leadingham with her six children bade adieu to their Island home on June 21. They go to join Rev. Mr. Leadingham in California, and leave behind them a large circle of friends. We shall look for good things from this family as the years roll on. Meanwhile with our aloha go prayers for ever increasing service in the Master's vineyard, greater fruitage and enlarging joy. Palama's Progress It is refreshing to hear how this mission uneler the leael of Rev. anel Mrs. A. C. Logan is addressing itself to its prob- lem with increasing adaptability to the demands of the field. No better locatiem in all these Islands for a modern settlement can be founel than the junction of King and Liliha streets. It and Kakaako are strategic points. This Mr. and Mrs. Logan see anil they have begun at the right place with the lx>ys. Two clubs have been organized ami are eleiing fine work. The girls also have not been ovcrlookeel. The next step would seem te> he to make the venture a real Settlement by enlarging the plant so that these workers can reside on the spot. A second floor rightly constructeel might give the home needetl. Then little by little various other features coulel be aelelcd, the co-operation of many with leisure secured, classes be formed and Talama enter upon a splendid career of wieler usefulness. We congratulate Palama upon this prospect and Central Union church upon so promising an enterprise. Kodama For Koloa For the present it is hoped that Rev. Mr. Kodama whose work has been so successful in Kakaako may be locateel at Koloa. No better man for the place can he found. He has hael wlele experience, is a master of English, wielels an enviable influence among his countrymen and will prove invaluable on a plantation. The only question is which is the more important field for a man of his wiele ability. The people of the Territory in general had an opportunity to gauge his calibre through his address at the Lihue meeting—the only utterance there which won editorial recognition at the hands of our leading daily. HOW THE TOPIC WAS HANDLED AT LIHUE The first day's discussion was devoted to the general theme "The Home —Its Chief Menace, Social Laxity." Rev. J. M. Lydgate opened the question, making among others the following points: "When a man is sick he does not seek to conceal his illness but goes at �5 THE FRIEND. once to the doctor. Now it is claimed by many that the Hawaiian home is in a bad way. Courtesy, gentle manners, kindly hospitality and the like, it is said, characterize it, but virtue it has lost. We Christians must meet these changes. If the Hawaiian home is diseased let us acknowledge it to ourselves and seek a remedy. That there is foundation for the accusation is apparent to anyone who investigates actual conditions. In one community I drove through the town in company with the pastor and asked him of each house 'Are the women of that home virtuous? ' At the end of the ride I found that 40 per cent, were known to be leading immoral lives. In another case a deacon in the church sold his own daughter to a Chinaman for base uses. Not a few Hawaiian parents send their young girls into the camps, knowing what will happen to them there, and all for the sake of the sweetmeats, food and other presents they will bring back. I could tell you of a young teacher married to a charming woman, who fell in love with a pupil and so cruelly neglected his wife that she died. He lost his position in consequence and married his paramour. Subsequently he was again appointed teacher and then repented his guilty conduct with a second pupil. When faced with discharge for this offense some of the church members urged me to secure his reinstatement because he was so useful to the church as a Sunday school leader. These are only a few instances out of many. We must meet these evils and manfully rid ourselves of them. They are a disgrace hut we can and we will uproot them and make our homes pure." Editor David Ai taking up the side of this subject which touched the Church applied Christ's remark, "a city set on a hill cannot be hid," to the Church and demanded for Hawaii that the Bride of the Lord be clean and free from every stain. Mr. M. K. Nakuina next made the following points: "Pastors today must be fearless in denouncing evils and in bringing the practical truths of Christian living home to the consciences of their congregations. They must still further be cross bearers, ready to suffer for plain dealing, hiding themselves as they hold up the pure life of the Redeemer. Oftentimes people are admitted to our churches too easily. Don't allow men and women of impure life to join the Church. The true pastor is a seed sower and must be content to scatter widely the seed of truth, leaving the results to God." Rev. O. P. Emerson carried the discussion out from the. Church into the community. "I well remember the deep impression made upon me in boyhood by hearing an old Hawaiian Christian woman picture the home life of her early days with all its dark features and testify to the ennobling uplifting power of Christ in rescuing her from the abyss of sin. She was talking to a group of her own people and as I overheard her words I became conscious of the awful possibilities of human nature under the curse of sin and of the wonderful redeeming power of the Savior. For I knew what a true, saintly life that woman was living. It is grandly possible for the Hawaiian home to be pure. I beseech you to address yourselves to this glorious work. Set your faces against sin. Refuse to sell yourselves for gold. Stand for purity in the home, in the Church, in the community, for God has great things in store for Hawaii." Rev. S. Kodama of Kakaako followed with one of the notable utterances of the anniversary. His address may be pharaphrascd in part as follows: "Many specifics arc offered today by social reformers. Among them that of the Nihilist and Revolutionary Socialist, proposing force. The method of Jesus is exactly opposite. Jesus sought to build up in this world a kingdom of righteousness and we His followers will win only as we adopt His plan. Thirteen of us Japanese are here in this Territory to help in this work, especially among our countrymen. Not a few obstacles render this task difficult. One is the attitude of some plantation employers whose treatment of our people is too often based upon the principle, 'As long as you do the work required of you we care not what becomes of you or how else you act.' No wonder the employees begin to think of themselves as things instead of men and care only for the money which enables them to drink and gamble as they please. Again the employers by aiding Buddhism lead our people to believe that they consider all religions on the same footing and that Christianity is like Buddhism, equally useless. In the days before this country was annexed the sale of liquor was restricted. But now the ease with which sake may be had tempts our countrymen to drink freely and leads them into gambling. Furthermore the police—the representatives of the government—are so often found to be in support of evil men who have money that it is hard to make headway. It is said that Tapanese sell their wives frequently in Hawaii. The truth is that when a wife goes off with another man, nine times out of ten she has been allured from her husband by gome crafty fellow with money who |s able so to enlist the police in their escape that the husband, even though he may secure the active aid of the Japanese evangelist, is powerless to save his wife. If plantation managers would come out actively in support of Christian work, refuse to aid Buddhists, give their influence against the sale of liquor and bring pressure to bear upon the police to do their duty, they would find the character of their workingmen improving and their relations with Japanese employees growing pleasanter. The conditions surrounding our countrymen would become more uplifting and we who are striving to bring in the Kingdom would meet larger success in our work." To try to render the picturesque eloquence of Revs. W. N. Lono or J. B. Hanaike into English is to attempt to gild the rainbow. Where others drew black and white sketches of actual conditions today, these two men portrayed the homes of a half century ago when the Hawaiians under the inspiration of the first great enthusiasm for Christ left heathenism behind and in simple daily service for the Master built up a home life gospel-like in its purity and beauty. During the addresses of these two speakers and when Rev. O. H. (iulick, whose 49 years of blessed union with his wife privileged him to uncover his own domestic shrine to sacred view, paid his touching tribute to his life partner, the evidences of deep emotion showed that the hearts of all had been reached and that God's Spirit was present doing His holy work. Rev. A. Y. Soarcs added as his contribution the suggestion that parents may live again in their children in whom their own virtues may be reproduced with augmented power if they be faithful to their trust. He drew a telling picture of the supreme joy of fatherhood and motherhood over children who attain to assured Christian char- acter. The second day of the convention took the delegates into the realm of the school. Points made by Messrs. Scudder and Archer may be epitomised as follows: "Home and School are reciprocal institutions. They influence one another constantly for good and evil. It is possible for every public schol teacher to renovate many of the homes in his community. If it be your privilege to serve in the sacred vocation of teacher recognize that your sphere includes the Home. Enter it hand in hand with the boy or girl. Win the friendship of father or mother. Take into the home your ideals, your culture, your wider learning and with these purjfy, elevate and enlarge itg life, �6 Thus you can serve your nation and the world most fully and Teave the impress of your character permanently in the entire community. Meanwhile you who are parents have in the public school an ally of far-reaching power in the training of your little ones. Look upon the public school teacher as your especial friend. Remember that you are entrusting your dearest possessions—your children —to him at the most impressible and important period of their lives. It is your business to know him intimately, to invite him to your home, to help him in his great work. The unmarried youth or maiden who takes a school in a country district in this Territory is exposed to most dangerous and insidious temptations. It is your business as Christians to shield these teachers, to help them in their fight for upright character and to surround them with influences that brighten, inspire and strengthen. If any teacher prove false to his trust, become a moral leper and begin to deprave and corrupt his pupils, it is your duty to protest and secure his removal. Bring your testimony to the Hawaiian Board and if after investigation it is clear that he is unfit we will help you. But if the teacher be faithful to his trust he needs your support. Give it to him freely. First of all by leading your children to love him. Second by standing by him when he disciplines your children and third by helping your children to learn their lessons. Fill your boys and girls with the ambition to do their best. The great need of the Hawaiian race is aspiration, a burning desire to make the most of themselves. Put this passion into your little ones in their schooldays and it will go with them through life." The topic of the Christian Boarding School was splendidly handled by Revs. T. Okumura and H. K. Poepoe. Mr. Okumura told of the lack of home life in Japan, "but" he added, "the Samurai of olden days supplied this lack in their own families, the training of the children in which was remarkable both for fullness and for the kind of men and women it produced. However owing to deficiency of home-life social relations were very lax. Here in Hawaii this condition is intensified. Feeling the need of home training for Japanese children the Honolulu Christian Boarding School for Japanese was opened in 1897. In this institution the children are taught first of all faith in Christ and love for Him—the essentials of Christian life. Soon after entering the school they began to pray. Little by little breathing the air of a Christian home they unconsciously become followers of Jesus. Two girls THE FRIEND came to us from Aiea. Some time later one died at home and a Buddhist funeral was held. On such occasions it is customary after the service to drink large quantities of sake. The surviving daughter remarked to her parents that this should not be done as it was unseemly in the presence of death. The whole family were moved and allowed the little child to lead them. Then the girl told them that perhaps her little sister had been suffered to die in order to lead them all to a knowledge of the true God. Her simple testimony worked wonders for that home. Instances of the kind could be multiplied. Our Christian school is continually sending its pupils home to reform the lives of parents and give them new ideals. Furthermore Japanese children born in this Territory will for the most part remain here permanently and grow up as citizens ol They inherit a the United States. double duty, to Japan and to the land of their adoption. To train them to discharge this duty in the spirit of Christ is one of the chief functions of our Christian Boarding Schools and this we try faithfully to perform." Rev. Mr. Poepoe whose distinction it is to have placed between 20 and 30 eirls in Kawaiahao, paid a beautiiiti tribute to the splendid work done by that and kindred institutions. Unable to secure interpretation we cannot give the details of his deductions made on the basis of intimate knowledge both of the management of this school and of the homes of its pupils. The addresses of Friday evening tfiven by Mrs. Nakuina, Miss McLeod nnd Mr. Merrill are printed in other columns.* Saturday was devoted to a picnic at Wailua, the occasion being a donation to the convention by Mrs. Hans Isenberg. It was a rare season of social ioy and was followed by a concert in the evening. Monday morning the Association took up the question of the religious life of the home. In many respects ■his was the culminating session of the whole week. Judsre Kahele. himself the notable product of a beautiful Christian home, opened the discussion detailing the effect of family devotions upon the life of the home and the after -areers of the children. FTis testimony buttressed upon his own hieh character rnrr'ed conviction and moved the deeply. Rev. Mr. Kaili then clinched tn» nails already driven. Next followed a remarkable scene when Mrs. W. H. Rice took up the consideration of "The Mother's Religious Duty to Her Children." It is idle to endeavor to reproduce an address in which English and Hawaiian alternated from sentence to sentence, impassioned with holy fire, flowing from a heart full of love for the people of Hawaii and an experience enriched by long years of intimate association with them. It suffices to say that Mrs. Rice's appeal stirred the consciences of those present as no one else had done. Some of the audience (gathered from a wide area) were so overcome as to be compelled to leave the house and after the meeting they were found by the speaker in tears, ready to confess faults and determined in future to stand for cleaner, holier living. At the request of the Association the "Garden Island" was given the honor of publishing Mrs. A. S. Wilcox's beautiful paper which followed Up and deepened the impressions made by Mrs. Rice. Next Mr. Theodore Richards in an address of great power pressed home to fathers their responsibility, convincing them of their duty to be priests in their own homes, to live out the Christ-life before their children, to hold their boys to truth and righteousness by personal comradeship with them in pastimes and studies, never to let go of their sympathies but to be their true hero. With this as a fitting climax the program came to a close leaving in the minds of all present definite memories which long will influence life and conD. S. duct. CHRISTIAN EDUCATION. A. M. Merrill It has been said that the institutions of each epoch of history, whatever their functions, have had a decided family likeness. This is especially true of the relationship between the successive systems of education and the successive social states with which they have co-existed. In the age of political despotism, academic discipline was equally harsh and autocratic. When the authority of kings was absolute and the justice of their edicts unquestionable, the teaching of children could scarcely be anything but dogmatic; and when creeds and their interpretations were received from an infallible authority, it was necessary that students should be taught to believe and ask no questions. But with the increase of political liberty, with greater freedom of action and thought, and s :, *F' -"» to receive in lime the arldre" "f with infinite additions to the general Vfr« N"k'iina necessitates nnstponemcnt of its stock of knowledge, the old grammarpublication until our next issue. Eds. �THE FRIEND school routine has disappeared, meth- and thrift and a proper conception of ods have accumulated, new systems the cardinal virtues, of morality, honhave been formed and education has esty, justice and right. This implies the necessary intellectual training; but itself become a science. Responding to the demands of mod- the moral should be primary and the ern society the prevailing system of academical secondary, for a well deeducation has developed into a number veloped intellect is a dangerous force of well defined specialties, designated I unless governed by habits of industry as "General Education," or a knowl- |and right. In Hawaii we have a variety of conedge of a number of things generally useful or ornamental, "Commercial ditions; several races of people and Education," or a knowledge of modern each race with its own peculiar needs. business methods and practices; "Pro- As the needs of the people must deterfessional Education," or an acquaint- mine the character of the system of edance with some special branch of ucation, it is evident that no one sysknowledge preparatory to entering the tem can be adapted to the needs of all practice of medicine, law or other pro- the people of the Territory. I have fession. In most schools, after the first been asked to speak, more particularly, few years of elementary work the lof Christian Education for the Chinese, course of study is directed toward one and passing over the general condiof these specialties, and the university tions with which you are all familiar, spirit is so strongly felt in the college I will endeavor to show that, so far as and the academy that it is difficult to the Chinese are concerned, the matter give symmetry and roundness to even [is not difficult nor the results uncerthe early years of a child's education. tain. The Chinese have a religion, or reA symmetrical education implies an of their own, but they are not ligons of the physical, inequal development tellectual, moral and spiritual natures, religious bigots. They cling to their and schools that recognize this fact and gods until something better is offered strive to cultivate character and them and then they are free, to make soul as well as mind and body turn an exchange. The history of the reout good men and good Christians. cent Boxer troubles in China shows Government schools are maintained for the kind of Christians the Chinese make the purpose of making good citizens, and proves the sincerity of their religbut the Government has not yet ac- ious belief. Surely to direct such faith knowledged that good citizens must toward the True God and to win such necessarily be good men or good Chris- characters for Christ is worth any tians, therefore, even in the elementary amount of Christian endeavor. schools, moral education is passed over The Chinese have an exellent moral lightly and religious instruction is left philosophy, and the commandment, optional with the teacher or, in some "Honor thy father and thy mother," is cases, prohibited. To remedy this de- more strictly observed by them than fect the Church has established what by any Christian nation. They have are known as Christian Schools. The habits of industry and thrift, so the object of these schools is not simply to matter of industrial education may be give a course of moral and religious in- simplified to a course of instruction in struction but to add these to the other methods. China has a general system of edunecessary branches of education that cation and an ancient and extensive litwe may have "Christian General Education," "Christian Commercial Edu- erature. Intellectually the Chinese cation," and "Christian Professional have many traits, such as quick perceptions and retentive memories, that Education." In Hawaii the matter of Christian greatly simplify the academic part of Education is a somewhat more difficult their education. Physically the Chinese have amazproblem than elsewhere owing to the diverse elements of which the popula- ing endurance and perseverance, and tion is composed and the differing they possess those qualities out of needs of the diffrent races here repre- which may come great skill in almost sented. Usually among those who every employment of life. have but recently adopted the standard With this religious, moral, intellecof Christian Civilization the primary tual and physical foundation to build object of the school is to place the ten- on the matter of Christian education tacle of the soul—that instinct pos- for the Chinese is simple and the resessed by every human being reaching sults sure. All that is necessary is a out toward the infinite,—to place it in reasonable amount of earnest Christouch with the True God. Of equal tian endeavor in maintaining suitable importance is the building of character, institutions and providing proper inor the cultivation of habits of industry struction, 7 In Hawaii there are 21,961 Chinese, of whom 4,026 are Hawaiian born. There are 1,585 Chinese children in the schools of the Territory, and perhaps as many more that ought to be in school. It is important that these children should receive a proper Christian education, not only because they will some day be American citizens, but because of the vast amount of good they can do in the cause of Christ in China. Chinese missionaries educated here have an infinite advantage over both the native missionaries in China and the foreigners, for they already have the language which the foreigner must acquire, and they are free from many of the inborn superstitions that still cling to the native missionary educated at home. The principal institution provided for the Christian education of the Chinese of the, Territory is Mills Institute, located in Honolulu. This school was started twelve years ago by Mr. Frank W. Damon, who has done more for the education of the Chinese than any other man in the Territory. The school was started as a Christian School Home for Chinese boys who wished to go to the city for the purpose of attending the government schools. The demands for entrance were so great that two dormitories were soon built and teachers provided to instruct the boys who immediately filled them. Since then over three hundred boys and young men have been connected with the boarding department, and many others have attended the classes as day students. Many of these are now filling responsible positions throughout the Territory, many are prominent in church affairs and some are actively engaged in evangelistic work. Kind friends have contributed to the support of the school and thus made it possible to continue it from year to year, but the, growth of the work has been greatly hindered by lack of space.. At the present time an effort is being made to procure a larger tract of land near the city of Honolulu where permanent buildings may be put up and the school be given a chance to expand as the needs require. This work certainly deserves to be perpetuated, for from a business standpoint, there is no field for philathropic investment that will net greater results for all capital and labor invested than Christian education for the Chinese. With a well equipped institution of this kind the Christians of Hawaii can exert an inestimable influence upon the four hundred million of Chinese in the home-land, and the Territory can make herself truly blessed among nations. �8 THE FRIEND A NOTE OF VICTORY. By Katheryn C. McLeod. Several of those who have spoken before me on this subject of Christian Education in Hawaii, have sounded a faintly hopeful note. I welcome the sound, however faint, for too little of that music cheers the hearts of the toilers in this field. On the contrary, the newcomer is not long in the work before becoming conscious of a chorus behind the scenes chanting a subdued but persistent "Miserere," and the too susceptible hearer must employ a strong auto-suggestion if he would be withheld from obediently organizing a funeral march. To descend from the realm of metaphor, the plain fact is that discouragement surrounds the worker on every side, and the substance of the discouragement is about this. It is said that much of what has been done for the Hawaiian has counted for naught; that despite his Christian teaching he still believes more or less in the old gods and the old ways of life, lacking moral character and social purity; that education has not yet taught him to reason for himself, or manual training developed habits of thrift, industry, or prudent thought for the morrow. It is also said that the hoys and girls who are educated in the schools are spoiled for their homes—that they feel themselves too clever to work, and superior to their parents, and, in general, fall into a last state which is worse than the first. It is not for the comparatively newcomer to dispute all of this. In many cases it is undoubtedly true, but it happens to be those cases which attract notice, and by them the casual observer judges the whole work, while the great mass of unobtrusive well-doing goes tinhonored and unsung. Depend upon it, the Lord seeth not as man sceth, in this respect. There are undoubtedly more than the discouraged Elijahs dream of, who have not yet bowed the knee to Bael, and remain the salt of their land and people. To the mental vision which takes always the bird's-eye view, in which details assume their true relation to the whole, these discouraging features appear only as bits of flotsam and jetson on the great stream of Giristian education, or as impeding rocks, which may mar the beauty of the stream, or deflect its course for a time, but cannot really check its onward progress. Admitting their existence, then, I still question whether such conditions constitute sufficient ground for discouragement, and still feel irresistibly impelled to view the situation with the charity which "hopeth all things." Christian education here in Hawaii has projKised and attempted to build a new istics, so should we. It is unbefitting national character—to mould the Hawa- that we, whose ancestors and climate iian ai.»w, and it feels disappointed and have formed for us the "castigated pulse" discouraged that he remains so persist- that only "gi'es now and then a wallop," ently original. But, taking into consid- should judge too severely the climatic eration all that goes to make up the in- product whose sun-filled blood "is tellectual and moral foundation for this aa'time on the gallop." Rather let us building, and all the forces of environ- remember how slowly and haltingly we ment, what more could be expected than are climbing the steep ascent toward that which has resulted? And that result heavenly things, while God patiently enis not failure, but only incompleteness. dures our lapses and blunders, nor claim Let us consider, in this light, some of the that because the Hawaiian has not yet charges against the Hawaiian. reached the goal, that its attainment is Take first the statement that in spite for him out of the question. of all his Christian instruction he still Take again the fact that academic edubelieves somewhat in the old gods, and cation has not yet taught the Hawaiian clings to corrupt heathen customs in daily to reason for himself, or manual training life. How long a period of time has all induced in him habits of thrift, industry this Christian teaching covered? Not one or prudent forethought. Are not these hundred years, and it took thirteen cen- characteristic failings the results of his turies to win God's chosen people Israel country's climate and the old tabu sysfrom their idols. Yet this jx'oplc, less tem, rather than his fault ? How can he than a hundred years removed from an take thought for the morrow—or any idolatry and consequent mode of life as kind of deep, consecutive thought, when degrading as.that which repeatedly en- his brain has not yet evolved the necesslaved the Jews, surely compares favor- sary cells? Necessity is the mother of ably with that of any other race at the thought and of the brain power for same stage of Christianity. Eighty years thought, and grim necessity has never after Christianity was introduced into the yet laid its iron hand upon him with world-at-large, had it made any more sufficient force. We are able to think progress, compared with its world-wide because of the fierce battles for existence aim, than it has made among these peo- which our Angle and Saxon ancestors ple? The letters of the (treat Apostle waged for ages with the chill damp to those early Christian churches disclose climate of Ancient Britain. Had the food conditions remarkably similar to those of those Saxon savages been ready at which so dishearten Christian workers hand from tree and ocean, and warmth here, yet their undaunted leader stoutly and comfort been theirs without exertion, maintained, through his censure of them liow many creases would there be in our and exhortation, that they were fellow- gray matter to-day? We all know that citizens with the saints, and of the house- the most intelligent animals are those hold of God. which have fought the hardest battles for And is the moral laxity of the Hawa- existence, and the intelligence and iians any greater than that of the people achievements of nations follow the same among whom Christ labored? Not one great law. What the Hawaiians are now, of the religious leaders of that nation in brain quality, we were once, to some was sufficiently above her morally to cast extent, and but for the grace of God, such a stone at the woman brought to them for would we still be. Also, were we in encondemnation. They lift her to Him in tire subjection to a hypnotic influence whose eves she was typical of her na- such as the kahuna has long wielded over tion, and he gave her, as he gave the na- the Hawaiian, of how much sound, indetion, one more chance. While he labored pendent thought would we be capable? for his neoole, many were called, and And what incentive had the Hawaiian started in the pood way. but only the to the development of thrift and industry, rln'sim, few remained to leaven the whole under the old tabu system? The fruit of '■>■ --<tii<M, world. Many of those for whom a man's labor might be all his own one Christians have labored here, have fallen dty, and another sunrise find him shorn hv the w»V, but the chosen few remain, •if all he owned, and even his family torn "hose lives in main- cases put to shame from him. Under such conditions he *he nrivhicts of centuries of Christianity, took the only course which would make ■>"d these lives shall be heard from in life endurable—he ate, drank, and was the next generation. Perhaps God does merry with all that he had, for today he "ot evii"ct the Polynesian Christian to lived, and to-morrow another might ?>-> ex-Jt-tlv as the Ww England Puritan. nossess his all, and he himself he a sacriHe reckoned Cornelius a Christian while fice to the gods. Pete- was drawing away his robes from As to educated girls and boys being liini in abhorrence. The ways of the spoiled for their homes, that no doubt is Oriental are not our ways, and as God true in many cases, but is that peculiar makes allowance for racial character- to education in Hawaii? Christian edu- �THE FRIEND Kawaiahao Seminary. Founded forty people of noble Christian character, its aim was then, is now, and ever should be, Christian training for girls—a training of head and heart and hands, to fit them to establish model Christian homes, or to support themselves by honest means. That school should be to island girls of any nationality what Mount Holyoke College is and has been to the young women of New England—a school whose graduates shall bear its hall mark as distinct as if its name were written in their foreheads, and that hall markshould be Christian character. To accomplish any of its aims successfully, the school should maintain a high standard as to the character of its teaching staff, should have a healthy location, and a building characterized by extreme simplicity, whose only contrast with their homes would be in its cleanliness, neatness and good taste. And for all these things it requires money. I should stake my faith unhesitatingly upon all of the best element of the Christian people patronizing such a school, could it once be established and maintained in a manner which should inspire their confidence, both by what it would be in itself, and by its fruits. But at present the school possesses none of these requirements except the first-mentioned, and how long first-class teachers can.be retained in unhealthy surroundings and a dilapidated building, making bricks without straw, is a question whose obvious answer is not cheering. A start has been made, however, toward raising the means for better conditions. Eighteen hundred dollars in extra funds have been promised, and it is confidently expected the amount will reach twenty-four hundred. If the start which this will give us can be maintained, and if donations will in future flow to it as freely as in its earlier days, or if it can "Say not, 'the struggle naught availeth only get money enough to launch out and The labor and the wounds are vain, make some money for itself, better days The enemy faints not nor faileth may dawn in which it will draw nearer to And as things have been they remain.' the fulfillment of its founder's ideal. cation is but an upward and onward movement of a people, and in what race or land has such been set in motion withIt is out the same immediate result? only obedience to the great natural law that re-action must equal action. Bible students know that the rebound of the Jews from idolatry landed them in the opposite extreme of abject slavery to the commandments and traditions which they fondly imagined were the religion of their fathers. The reaction from the laxity and vice of cavalier England was Puritanism, and the re-action from Puritanism was the great wave of infidelity which swept over New England about a century ago. Only in these days, so many years after those stern-faced Puritans left England, has the pendulum of Anglo-Saxon religion settled into a happy medium. Wherever education is a new thing, for individual or nation, its first shallow draughts intoxicated the brain. This has been the case with negro education in the southern states, but better days are dawning there. The children of those whose heads were turned by a little learning, take soberly now what falls to their lot, and go out from school to be lights in their communities. I have no doubt that could statistics be secured of all the graduates of schools in these islands, the majority would be found doing good and not evil. The evil that they do gets noised abroad, while the works of the good seem not only to follow them, but to remain with them in their graves. Let us give to our Hawaiian brother, then, honor where honor is due, and all honor is his, for considering his handicaps, his achievements are phenomenal. If he gets ahead in the next thousand years as he has in the four score past, the Anglo-Saxon may not even be here to look to his laurels. years ago by For while the tired waves, vainly break- SPECIAL PROVIDENCES IN THE CHRISTIANIZATION OF Seem here no painful inch to gain, HAWAII Far back, through creek and inlet making, By S. E. Bishop. Comes, silent, flooding in, the main. 6. The Strange Removal of Boki. And not through eastern windows only, When daylight comes, creeps in the light, It is very wonderful that in less than In front the sun climbs slow—so slowly, fifteen years after the arrival in Hawaii But westward look! the land is bright!" of the Protestant missionaries, the Gospel had gained an unobstructed ascendAnd now I hope I may be pardoned if ancy over the whole nation, and that in I narrow down to one point in Christian less than twenty years that ascendancy education here—the point on which my became thoroughly complete and assured. own interests are centered, and that is We have already described five of a 9 series of very peculiar events, which successively promoted this result, so as to appear as interpositions of the Divine Hand ordering the work. We now have to note as sixth in order, a most singular event, which made to disappear suddenly the last formidable element of opposition to the teachings of the Missionaries. This was the strange blotting out of Governor Boki from the scene. Boki was a princely chief of exceptional ability and great force, whose wife, Liliha, was also a princess of strong nature and much fascination. This noble pair had been the chief companions chosen by King Lilioliho in his visit to the English Court in 1824. After the sudden death of Lilioliho, and their return home in 1825, their superior intelligence and social experience abroad had secured for Boki after the death of his great brother Kalanimoku the highest position in the Government under the Regent Kaahumanu. He became the Governor of the Capital town, Honolulu, with command of the military forces. He was also appointed the Kahu or special guardian of the young King Kauikeaouli, still a tender lad. Occupying these high positions, Boki's authority and influence were great, and his moral and political attitude grew to the most serious importance. This personal attitude of Boki rapidly developed into a decided opposition to the influence of the missionaries, and of their ardent friend the Regent Kaahumanu. By 1828, he had become openly allied to the two chief elements of antagonism to the Regent and the missionaries. The leading one of these elements was the combination of lewd and intemperate whites, headed by the British and American Consuls, in order to break down the new laws against prostitution and drunkenness. The other and allied element of political opposition was that of Catholicism, of which Boki and Liliha made themselves the patrons, in opposition to Kaahumanu. Two Roman Catholic priests, Messrs. Bachelot and Short, had landed at Honolulu in 1827. They were very pious and devoted men, but naturally followed the practice of their church in its deadly and destructive opposition to Protestants. This determined their active political alliance to the anti-missionary party. Quoting Alexander's succinct account "Meanwhile Governor Boki continued his course of extravagance, intemperance and disloyalty. He set up a tavern on the harbor front, the 'Blonde Hotel,' and leased for a distillery a building which Kalanimoku had built for a sugarhouse. To supply sugar-cane for this distillery he leased land in Manoa Valley, but Kaahumanu cancelled the lease, and had potatoes planted instead of cane, �10 THE FRIEND "Instigated by the two foreign consuls, he plotted todestroyKaahumanuand supplant her as regent. In pursuance of this design, he sounded nearly every high chief in the country without success, and labored in vain to shake the young king's attachment to the Queen Regent. About the beginning of 1829, he collected armed men at Waikiki, and civil war seemed imminent, when Kekuanaoa, his fellowvoyager to England, boldly went alone to his camp, and dissuaded him from his mad designs." A very evil additional work of Boki was his misuse of his official influence over the young King to initiate him into the Governor's own intemperate indulgences, the beginning of habits which became the chief curse of Kauikeaouli's life. Meantime the Governor became deeply involved in debt. And in November, 1529, the visit of the U. S. warship "Vincemies," which strongly supported the laws of Kaahumanu, and the influence of the missionaries, added to Boki's d'scouragement. Just about this juncture, Boki made a great and rash move. The great source of money in Hawaii, sandalwood, had become nearly exterminated. Hearing of an island in the South Pacific which abounded in the precious wood, Boki hastily manned the king's brig "Kamehameha," and the "Becket," the one with 300, the other with 179 men, including nearly the whole company of opposers which he had collected. On December 2d, 1829, they sailed, "touching at the island of Rotuma, where Boki remained four days, and took on lxiard a large number of natives to assist in cutting sandal-wood. The 'Becket' lay there ten days longer, and then followed on her way to their destination, which was Eromango, in the New Hebrides. "Nothing more was ever seen or heard of Boki's vessel, the 'Kamehameha,' and her fate is still a mystery." The "Becket" lost most of her people by disease and hostile savages, and reached Honolulu after eight months' absence, with only twenty survivors. Thus suddenly and mysteriously perished the most dangerous opponent of the Gospel in Hawaii. Liliha continued the opposition of her lost husband. She became the sole chiefish patron of the Catholics during the succeeding years, but her influence upon the nation was nugatory. The work of teaching, printing and preaching the Gos- ' New Tapering Arm 5 ** N tr~r\HE I'M I t!f\ I <jkB?: "Ms 1 $JB£ && .?*.■ <£& ?gj mtut £»iM«g ffi»tfct»* ■ mv rxi t> r *• tt • Li The of Mechanicall Perfection. Height CABHORINSTALLMENTS SOLE AGENTS 'IfSJ jex & pel went forward with accelerating power, and the knowledge of Christ took deep roots in the hearts of the people. The first completed copy of the New Testament in the Hawaiian tongue was hound just in time to be placed in the hands of the dying Regent Kaahumanu in May, 1832. It is one of the present writer's early memories at the age of five, to have seen that grand woman in her parting hour in Manoa Valley. She left her dear Hawaii already well secured to Christ. LATEST TIDINGS FROM PLEASANT ISLAND. On the 21 st of June, Mr. Gulick received three letters from Mr. Delaporte; and a fourth, the latest, was from Mrs. Delaporte to Mrs. Gulick, of date May 6th.' An unusually long interval has occurred since last we heard from them under date of Dec. 20, 1903. The supplies shipped to them by the S. S. "Isleworth" last October, had not yet reached them on May 6th, owing to misfortune having overtaken the S. S. "Oceana," which had been the best channel of communication with Sydney. ' ?li J Bniytinj, Just Lik. tin Original && VICTOR is so perfect that it is often mistaken for actual talking and singing, even by persons accustomod to it. It is as soft and sweet as the voice of a woman; as full, loud, clearand strong as that of a man. The Vict -r renders high instrumental music-solo, bjnd and orchestra —so as to make the listener hold his breath. GOLD MEDAL The Victor won the Gold Medal over all other talking machines at Buffalo It was awarded by c grit distinguished judges confirmed by three more ; confirmed again by a final one—a unanimous verdict of superiority by twelve distinguished men. What they found out is exactly what you want to know. They judged it for you. Can you imagine anything that will bring to your home, so much pleasure and entertainment to your friends and every member of your family— old and young? - -y-mxzv. HIS MASTER'S VOICE. WRITE FOR CATALOGUE AND PRICES HONOLULU, H. I. �11 THE FRIEND Under date of Feb. nth, Mr. Dela- porte writes: porte and the children were put on an away from the Mission. We are having allowance of hard bread and scraped public prayers for rain. cocoanuts until the arrival of the relief "Next Sabbath we will D. V., comvessel on April 2nd. Personally, I did mence a series of evangelistic meetings not care, but I felt sorry for the children in different parts of the island, and trust and Mrs. Delaporte, who is after all far for a mighty outpouring of the Holy from being strong. Even our clothes are Spirit. * "Your kind letters of Oct. 17 and of Oct. 22, via Hongkong, reached me per S. S. 'Oceana,' Jan. 12th, 1904. The S. S. '< )ceana' had been on the reef at Jaluit, sustaining severe damage. A new large vessel to take her place is now being built nearly worn out. Hamburg, Germany. "The steamers require that at Nauru shore-boats should land any freight that comes for us. I have built another small boat lately out of some lumber I had on hand, with the aid of my boys, whom I desired should learn the useful boatbuilder's trade. The two boats are now ready on the beach, and the crews are watching for smoke on the horizon. "Matters are now quite peaceful on Nauru. Next Sabbath we will be able, thank (rod, to baptise 14 more candidates. "We have no school just now, as the Governor is building a road around the island on which young and old are working. It soon will be finished and we shall have at last a good road; a great help in our work. Our bicycle expenses will thus be considerably reduced. "We have now two Nauru teachers stationed, paying them each 150 marks, besides the Marshall teacher who receives 200 marks. "I expect supplies for my Catechism and other books with the steamer, and shall print them at once. "We have very little rain at present, the wet season which we thought would set in in December has failed us this year. But the missionary work is once more in a fine condition." Under date of April 6th, Mr. Delaporte writes: "Many months have gone by since we last heard from you, I suppose because our steamer has failed us. This is very unfortunate indeed. Most of the whites on our island have had little or no foreign food to eat since February. However, on April 2nd, relief came in the form of the trading schooner 'Triton,' belonging to the Jaluit Gesellschaft. 'We had figured quite closely at what time at the latest we would need our fresh provisions. Had the steamer from Sydney arrived on schedule time (Feb. 8), all would have been well, as we had enough of staple goods left to pull us through until then, but when the vessel did not make its appearance on that date, things began to look very interesting. On March Ist we had absolutely nothing left in our store-room except some milk and a few canned vegetables. Flour, sugar, rice, coffee, meats, soap, in fact everything had given out and Mrs. Delaat * "When the schooner was sighted we did not know what to do, being aware that our year's supplies were laying somewhere. When we found out through the officer of the schooner that no vessel could be expected from Sydney until the latter part of July we felt free to buy sufficient food to last for three or four months, knowing that our Honolulu friends did not want us to starve. We trust that this unexpected outlay (of $153.03) will not be a total loss, as naturally our provisions will last so much longer after we get them, unless they arrive in a damaged condition. So please pay this amount, and let us hope that for many months to come nothing will be required except the payment of the freight bill on the supplies sent by the Isleworth from Sydney to Nauru, wdiicb bill I will send you after we receive our goods. "Next Sabbath we will D. V., admit 13 persons, to the communion. I am sorry that my book materials do not come until July." Under date of May 4, i.lr. Delaporte writes: "Church and schools are flourishing. The people are as faithful as ever in attending services, and many endeavor to follow the Savior all the way. Quite a number of marriage ceremonies have been solemnized since writing last and we trust that these young couples will ever remember their vows. "Our congregations donot look as clean and tidy as they might do, but there is absolutely no soap on the Island, not only among the natives, but also among the whites. The scarcity is due to the wreck of the 'Oceana.' "Nauru is suffering from a continued drought just now; we have had but two or three inches of rain since December. Many trees (cocoanut trees?) have died already and matters look distressing indeed. We have but 50 or 60 gallons of drink-water left. According to the oldest inhabitants no rain need be expected until the end of the year. Of course there are now poor prospects of being able to take up a contributon next July. What a boon it would now be to have a large tank full of rain water. The natives have very little to eat besides fish. The water in the wells (water holes) is hardly fit to drink, being nearly salt. We have a man engaged to do nothing else but carry water for us from a well nearly a mile * * * *' "Mrs. Delaporte feels quite well again, and the children are well also. "We have not received any mail from you since October when Mr. Walkup passed by. We expect quite a budget of letters by the next steamer. "Please remember us to all who inquire about our work." Mrs. Delaporte to Mrs. Gulick writes, May 6th, 1904: "The children are asleep yet, and it is quite cool this early morning, but before another hour we will have more than 100 degrees heat on our verandas. It is good to he able to tell you that we are quite well, especially so the children. Little Mabel is not quite nine months old, but is able to stand up alone. "I sincerely hope that the steamer will bring our supplies. Oat meal and such things were not obtainable on board the little trading schooner from which we bought food supplies. The na- * * * Honolulu Iron (Uorks Co. Sugar Machinery engineers' Supplies == fluents National Tube Co. Link-Belt Miichinery Co. Krajewski's Patent Cane Crusher Hersey Mfg. Co.'s Sugar Granulaters Hamilton Corliss Engines Lillie Evaporators Valvoline Oils Cable Address: HONIRON. A. B. C. Coda (4th and Slh K.I it lons' C. J. DAY <£ CO. PINE QROCERIES OLD Kona Coffe a Specialty �THE FRIEND 12 fives are now very short of food themselves as we have had no rain since last December. However, I, manage to get now and then a few eggs, and once in a while a fowl for soup. "I wish the Kusaien friends could spare us a little of their rain and beautiful soil. We are working hard at present to lay out a garden; the bush people are carrying soil from the interior every day, while Mr. Delaporte and his school children make quite often a tour of five or six miles to get stones for the paths, etc. Perhaps you will have an opportunity some day to send us a little seed, such things as will grow in sandy soil and which will get along with little or no rain. "1 sent my wheel to Sydney; the rear wheel had been bent ever since the accident last year, and we thought to get it straightened out. I miss it, but hope to get it back with the steamer. "You will be interested to hear that I had quite easy times in my kitchen before the schooner came. As we had no food I did not need to cook. We were eating scraped cocoanuts twice a day. At present we have to be very careful with our drink water, and with our soap, as neither is to l>e gotten on Pleasant Island. Mr. (leppert, our new official, kindly let us have a little soap or else we would have had to wash our clothes without it. It is difficult to get clothes clean with the small allowance of water I have for washing. Just think of it, two buckets of water per week to do all my washing with. I learn to know and to appreciate many things of which we do not dream We are very in the homeland. grateful for the cool nights which usually follow the very hottest days. "Our work is going on as usual, our people are as faithful and true as ever. "Much love to all the friends in Honolulu. "Yours very lovingly, "SALOME DELAPORTE." * * * THE MUSIC FESTIVAL. Of its merits it were not enough to that "it was the first of its kind." As to the character of the singing in the Congress of Songs much kindly comment has been made. To be sure some criticism of the rather ambitious nature of some of the selections has been heard. At any rate it were better to err in that direction than in the other—for music's sake. Certain it was that the "big effect of the singing of 300 voices at one time was lost by reason of the lack of acoustic properties of the stage. Most of the volume was dissipated in the "flies." The truth of this could be easily seen when say Normal School chorus with that of all the choruses; the additional numbers added little. Of course in the case of the lesser number, they were well forward on the stage. Another year, means may be found to get the benefit of the numbers by better acoustic provision. The Children's Contest and Carnival deserves much more mention than has been made of it. The only feature of it that was conspicuously poor was the attendance of the people. So it is but a small part of Honolulu's population who know experimentally how well the children of the public school sing under the instruction of Mrs. Tucker. Kaabumanu school, to be sure, won the prize on a division of the points, but it had been a nice thing for any individual to have picked out the best work with any confidence. As these choruses come from the rank and file of the school it is safe to infer good singing right through. That is not all: there is insured to the future an intelligent music-loving community. Ten years from now music festivals will be attended as well as the Orpheum prize Whether the comfights are now. munity will profit therein, let any From a spectacular point one judge. of view the day at the Boys' Field might well be called "lovely" without doing violence to English. Rice & Perkins have some beautiful photographs which would pay inspection. The stand turned out to be all that was expected of it in comfort to the singers, and there was no difficulty in hearing any one of the choruses at the farthest distance any seat was placed. FINANCIALLY. It was hoped that there would be a large net return from the two events. As it turned out the Congress at the Opera House was much more successful by the dollar standard than the Boys' Field Contest, though the expenses in the first were far heavier. The Congress netted $242.20. while the Contest and Carnival netted $115.74. Of the total $35803 it was found necessary to put in permanent improvements to the amount of $220.50. So the debt on the stand to the amount of nearly $1,000 has not been materially reduced. The managers are proposing to move ahead persistently until this debt is removed. I'KOSPF.CTS MUSICALLY. Of the effects too little has been noticed of the tremenduous stimulus to good music at the fountain head of society— the schools. Another year the singing will be much better, which is saying considerable. It is safe to say that nowhere will greater attractions be offered in the wav of children's singing than in Honolulu. Nor is this all. General chorus one compared the fine volume of the work must improve apace, With the schools at a piesent foundation, oratorio work can be begun soon. It is proposed that the Second Musical Festival be much more representative. We can have instrumental music next year. What is more alluring, we can easily have soloists from abroad, either instrumental or vocal. A system of popular subscription will secure this and a body of representative musicians and music lovers may be called together to consider plans this winter. In the first place, what is the time best suited for a festival ? Because other communities prefer May, may not serve as an argument here. The "burden of proof" rest with the challenger to May's claim notwithstanding. The press will be open no doubt to a discussion of this question. HAWAIIAN MISSION CHILDREN'S SOCIETY. About six weeks ago an appeal was printed in the P. C. A. that Hawaii send some representative to join in the celebration of the Oklahoma Day at the St. Louis Exposition. Shortly after reading that notice, soul; very interesting facts about Oklahoma came under the eye of the writer through the favor of reading a letter of one of the Cousins, Mr. Samuel Chester Andrews, eldest son of Rev. Claudius B. and Mrs. Anne (Gilson) Andrews, and we have obtained permission to copy a portion of that letter. Mr. S. C. Andrews, who left the Islands soon after his mother's death, was educated in the United States, married in the early seventies, but lost his wife a few years after the birth of his two daughters, Mabel and Louise, who are now grown to womanhood, and have been educated at Ann Arbor, Michigan. This letter was written to his eldest daughter, Mabel, who is soon to be married to the young gentleman of her choice, and seems to be recommending Oklahoma to their favorable consideration as a place to dwell in. Our Cousin S. C. Andrews has been for many years connected with a large book agency and publishing company in Chicago, and seems to be a commercial agent for them. He writes thus: "I was traveling all the Summer and Pall of 1903 in the southwest for Thompson & Thomas. I got as far as Oklahoma, Ind. Ter., and was much pleased with the country and prospects. Oklahoma ten years ago was a bare, wild prairie, with no inhabitants to speak of. Today it has 700,000, and is growing faster than any country in the world. Indian Territory is nearly as large as Ohio, and has only 100.000 of Indian population. The land has been allotted partly to the Indians and the remainder is being sold to set- * * * �THE FRIEND tiers, who are filling up the towns with wonderful rapidity. It is prophesied that one of the great cities of the U. S. will be built up in southern I. T. iv a few years, half way between Kansas City and Galveston. It will not be many months, I think, before I. T. is admitted as a State, and then the country will go ahead by leaps and bounds, when the incubus of Indian control is taken off. The Indians themselves are the wealthiest class of people in the world today, as their lands have increased enormously in value on their hands. * In Indian Territory there is an enormous amount of coal, oil, gas, iron, leacT, zinc, marble and other resources, and they never have crop failures as in Kansas and Nebraska. About the only good lands for settlement in the U. S. available for settlement, are in a radius of 400 miles around I. T. * lam trying to induce Thompson & Thomas to let me open a salesroom for them at the St. Louis Exposition this summer. If they consent, would it not be fine for you and Louise to come down and stay with me several weeks? "Your loving Father, "SAM'L C. ANDREWS." * * * * * * * A late letter from Mrs. Frances S. Loomis, the grandmother of those trip- expected in Honolulu the first week in July. Mrs. C. M. Hyde has also traveled quite extensively in Europe, accompanied by her niece, Mrs. Cornelia (Hyde) Collins, and her husband, and Mrs. 11. will soon return to Ware, Mass., where she expects to reside. Charles K. Hyde is much improved in health but will remain several months longer at the medicinal springs in Germany, where he has received so much benefit, and join his mother later. Albert Kualii Lyman and Charles R. Bishop Lyman, younger sons of Mr. and Mrs. Rufus A. Lyman of Hilo, graduated from the Kamehameha Manual School on the evening of June 7th. The parents came down to attend the graduation exercises. Mis. Rebecca Lyman has not been in Honolulu for the past 17 years and sees many wonderful changes in that time. A letter from Mrs. Clara (Dibble) Inch, widow of Philip Inch, late of Washington, D. C, on June ioth, acknowledges the receipt of the Missionary Album thus: "I received the album, and deeply appreciate it. It is a link between the past and the present. Those times are becoming history and this album is binding facts and faces together in such a way that those times and people will ever be with us in blessed fellowship." Mrs. Inch resides in Washington, and her only daughter Agnes, is her constant companion, though she is, as her mother writes, deeply engaged in a voluntary missionary work. She meets with many wonderful results in the reformation of very bad drunkards and does constantly for them and their families. Mrs. I.'s only son "Robert is a lawyer in New York City, but finds time for a mission class Sunday afternoons." lets, reports them thriving. She says: "The four little Christians have all had the measles at once. Think of it! But they were not really sick; only, as their mother writes, 'if one ran against another, there was a snarl. It is surely a good thing to be through with." Mrs. L. gave a complete account of the Hawaiian curios she has inherited from her Grandpa Ruggles, of which she says:"The finest thing is a feather cape of red and yellow feathers some 15 inches deep, with a yellow silk lining. It was given him by some chief, and is still in good condition, very little moth eaten." She also describes a "Niho palaoa," though she did not call To Mrs. Lucy Etta Wilcox Sloggett's it by name. home came on May 31st a fine little son, at Lihue, Kauai. Late in May was received a postal In Chicago, 111., from the home of from Prof. Maurice G. Beckwith of Frederick, Maryland, mentioning the Mr. and Mrs. D. B. Lyman, Sen., in successful performance of the Oratorio May, was given in marriage their only of Elijah under his musical direction; daughter, Mary Ellen Lyman, to the also a newspaper account of the same, Rev. Mr. Baker, the service being held and a copy of the program, giving full in their Episcopal chapel. text of the Oratorio. They are a very We are greatly saddened by the news pleasant remembrance and show that cable on June 14, 1904, of the death Mr. Beckwith has made his mark there. by of our beloved Cousin, Mrs. Clarissa (Armstrong )Banning, widow of the We are very happy to learn that Mrs. late Frederick Banning, and mother of A. F. Judd and her two daughters, Mr. Bernardt Rudolph Banning, who Agnes and Sophia, have returned from is well known here and who receives their long tour in Europe, and may be these intensely sorrowful tidings here. 13 ROSTER FOR 1905. The Fifty-second Annual Report of the Mission Children's Society is now ready for the printer. The full list of officers for the ensuing year has been completed, and is as follows: A. B. Clark, President. W. R. Castle, Vice-President. Mrs. R. W. Andrews, Secretary. Lyle A. Dickey, Treasurer. K. W. Andrews, Recorder. Board of Managers—S. B. Dole, W. (). Smith, L. A. Thurston, B. F. Dillingham, C. H. Cooke, A. F. Judd, S. E. Damon, Mrs. E. A. Weaver, Mrs. C. H. Alexander, Miss Agnes Judd. The coming year bids fair to live long in the annals of the Society, as matters of importance are pending. MRS. R. W. ANDREWS, Sect H. M. C. S. ALEXANDER HOUSE. Wailuku, Maui. The past two months have been full of pleasant work, a little of which is worthy of mention in these columns. A May-pole drill was very prettily done by twelve girls from the Huntington Club. Refreshments were sold on the lanai. A rummage sale of partially worn clothing, marked at very low prices, netted quite a little sum of money for Alexander House, although its main object was to put fairly good clothing within the means of needy persons, who prefer to buy their clothes rather than to sell their self-respect by constantly accepting gifts. ()ne beautiful May afternoon several members of the I lima Club took their lunch up lao Valley, and a right good time we had. During this month two socials for Japanese women have been very much enjoyed both by the interesting little women, who found an almost new world of pleasure, and by Mrs. Gay and myself. ()ne social has been held for boys and girls of all nationalites. Two weeks before the close of the Kindergarten term, Miss Gay took her flock of children for a picnic. The last day of school the little ones entertained a number of parents and friends, by their pretty games and songs and then entertained themselves with cookies and bananas. The few who realize that their much loved teacher is theirs no more are really sorry to part with her to whom they have always been much attached. These partings are exceedingly unwelcome and, personally, I can only hope that Miss Gay's successors for years to �THE FRIEND 14 come may meet her own high standard of sincerity and loyalty. It is equally hard to part with Mrs. Gay, and to realize that her active work among our friends is at an end, tho' the good she has accomplished has become a very part of the lives of many. The mothers enjoyed their last meeting with Miss Gay very much, and, while their babies played and rolled on the floor in glee, the women listened to Chinese music on a gramophone, wove colored mats and played games heartily. On May 20 the first social meeting of the Maui Free Kindergarten Association was held at Alexander House. The report does not properly belong to our work, but will be of interest. The directors and assistants of the four Kindergartens, the Alexander House worker and the Ladies' Aid Society of Makawao, by virtue of their support of two kindergartens, are considered members of the Association. Others are invited to join and pay an annual membership fee of $1.00. Six or seven joined at this meeting. In the absence of the President, Mrs. H. P. Baldwin, the Second Vice-President, Miss Holden, of the Lahaina Kindergarten, presided. After listening to the excellent papers and entering into the games illustrating one of them, the members were quite ready for the picnic dinner. It is hoped that this Association will interest many more and prove of benefit to the kindergartens of the island. Since the withdrawal of the pledge of the Lahaina Plantation from the support of the Kindergarten, its future has been most insecure. Gifts of $400 have made it hopeful for next year, and we are most grateful to the givers. A balance of $162 remains to he raised and any contributions may be sent to either Miss Holden of Lahaina or Miss E. A. Babb of WaiE. A. B. luku. EXTRACT FROM A LETTER FROM ROBERT S. ANDREWS. U. S. S. Elcano. o—" Chin Kiang (China), May * were * * 14, 1904. We thought we going to have a little excitement here, two days ago, when a mob burned the local police station, and killed a mandarin. The British consul, who also represents the United States, sent a coolie with a note to our captain, who called away the "emergency CHRIBTMAB EDITION battalion," and we were busy for a few belts, our cancartridge minutes, filling OETHE teens, etc., and lowering the boats; but l)efore we had started for the shore the Chinese troops arrived at the scene of disturbance and quieted things down, killing twenty and arresting forty of the mob. The ringleader was drowned by 1903 the authorities, the following day, and of IllustraEighty-four Pages today there is a big crowd on the beach tions and Articles Pertaining holding a pow-wow over his body. to the Hawaiian Islands. We were at Nanking last week, and 50 Cents a Copy four of us made an expedition to the The subscription price of this Ming tombs, where the emperors of the illustrated monthly magazine Ming dynasty were buried. The tombs is $1.50 a year, which includes the beautiful Christmas Number are enclosed by a brick wall, which surmounts a great oblong building, sixty feet or so in height, through which is a the great arched passage. The bodies were removed to Peking, when the capital was P. O. Box 789 HONOLULU, H. T. changed there from Nanking, and the wall is broken through so any one can enter the enclosure, which has no roof, and is full of grass and weeds. In front of the tombs is an immense yard, surTHE !>■ a^ix.^ rounded by high walls, and with two houses built in such a position that visitors must pass through them to reach the tombs. The road out passes a very pleasant country, but it is rather rough and ONLY broken, and is little cultivated. tit '.LI-LI Til I " SECTIONAL. paftidige ofthe pacific "mtys+qm" Par;adse pAdind of Buy the best-it's iust as cheap ' Gunni_ll| [ Qjll^, I "' L---~ BOOKCASE made Grand ITT~~ —- -p-— ' --""iTr 'JP-~~"Zir' Rapids. RECORD OF EVENTS. May 30.—Memorial Day observed; 1400 seamen and marines in the procession from U. S. squadron. June 4.—Admiral Glass and squadron sail for Aleutian Is. —Smart earthquake shock at 12:30 p. m. Much sharper at Wailuku, Maui, crockery being broken. » 7th.—Democratic Convention instructs its delegates to National Convention to vote for Hearst. Carried by former Home Rulers against the protest of white members. 10th.—Sham battle of mixed regulars and militia back of Diamond Head. nth.—Usual general observance of Kamehameha Day, with crowded Sunday school picnics and races at the park. 14th.—New Supreme Court organizes —Justices Frear, Hartwell and Hatch. - *~ .vL^- "—~^"^ COYNE rURNITUREQS., LTb. Sold by fort and beretania sts. honolulu. § Insurance Department HAWAIIAN TRUST Telephone Main 184 923 FORT STREEI �15 THE FRIEND. SKEET-GO 22d.—Foul murder of L. T. Chin, a U7 prominent young Chinese insurance clerk. Rids rooms of mosquitoes and flies. No smoke or unpleasant odor. More effect ive than burning powder and far more economical The outfit consists of brass lamp and chimney Price complete, $1. and the Bkeet-Go. Money baow if not satisfactory. 23d. —Supreme Court reinstates Attorneys Geo. R. Davis, A. S. Humphreys, and F. E. Thompson, disbarred last August.—Revenue Cutter "Thetis" brings 77 Japanese bird poachers from Lisiansky Id. 24th.—Noted writer, Jack London, en- HO BtN DRUG Of. . FA. G. IRWIN & CO., Fort Street, Honolulu SUGAR FACTORS AND COMMISSION AGENTS. Agents for the Oceanic Steamship Co. pITY FURNITURE tertained in city, in transit.—Repreof sentative Jonas Kumalae and Attorney FURNITURE, WINDOW SHADES, Enoch Johnson sentenced to one year LACE CURTAINS, each at hard labor, for conspiracy to rob PORTIERES, the Territory by obtaining $312.50 by TABLE COVERS, ETC CHAIRS RENTED FOR BALLS AND means of false vouchers. SCHAEFER & CO., Importers and PARTIES. COMMISSION MERCHANTS. UNDERTAKING AND EMBALMING. TOMBSTONES AND MONUMENTS. Residence and Night Call: Blue 3561. Telephone: Office, Main 64. DEVERILL—At Hanalei, Kauai, May 24, W. Nos. 1146-1148 Fort St., Honolulu. Dcverill, E. H. aged 55 years, former H. H. WILLIAMS : : : Manager. Supt. of Lunalilo Home. Honolulu, T. H. DIED. SMITH—At Honolulu. May 27, Rev. Thomas W. Smith, aged 74, father of Geo. W. W. AHANA & CO., LTD. # Smith. MERCHANT TAILOR. STREHZ—At Honolulu, May JI, Mrs. Hirca P. O. Box 986. Telephone Blue 2431. Strahz, aged 65 years. King: Stree\ Honolulu TURTON—In San Francisco, May 14, Nelson CLOTHES CLEANED AND REPAIRED. Turton, aged 29 years, late of Lahaina. K. KAAI, FIELDGROVE—In Honolulu, June 7, Mrs. Wilhelmina Fieldgrove, at advanced age. Teacher of SMITH—At Queen's Hospital, June Q, Prank Guitar, Mandolin, Banjo, Zither, Ukulele and M. Smith, Manager Haw'n Hotel, aged Taropatch. 46 years. Studio:—Young miilding, Room 5. THOMAS—In Honolulu, June 10, Manuel Hours:—lo to 12 a. m.; 1 -.30 to 4p. m. Thomas, native of Fayal, aged 82 years. BANNING—At Oakland, Cal., June 14, Mrs. Clara Armstrong Banning, aged 55. "Where is the woman to be found who does not long deep down in her MARTIN—In Honolulu, June 15, P. C. Martin, of consumption, aged 30 years. heart to be beautiful ?" Honolulu, 2d, Reid, REID—In H. C. June The first requirement: aged 55 years. BRUSHES- for the Hair, Teeth, CAHILL—In Honolulu, June 26, Captain Nails and Bath. Cahill, aged 80. Indispensible adjuncts: BECKWITH—At Puunene, Maui, June 26, William E. Beckwith, aged 34 years. SOAPS— Healing, Soothing the fine French Soaps of Pinaud, Rogers A Galletand Pivers. MARRIAGES. <^|Wv CdRRIfIQE \\T V.U.. LTD. YOUNG BUILDING the biggest line of harness in the We carry city; vehicle* of all descriptions; rub'-er tires at lowest prices; full line of everything ~ ERNEST pertaining to HOUSE or t'AURIAQE. We Guarantee Fair Treatment HOPP & COMPANY, Importers and Manufacturers of FURNITURE AND UPHOLSTERY. CHAIRS TO RENT. Honolulu, No. 74 King Street Port St., opp. Uovt - - Tel. Main 76 Bldg. — THE ISLAND MEAT CO. andrbtsil butchers Shipping and Family Orders Given prompt Attention. Fresh Meats and Produce. T«l. Mall 76 I «. E. OrlaSS, Mgr Clark farm LIMITED Jersey STORE All kinds €oJ Cream-:- Dairy Produce EGOS, PINEAPPLES, VEGETABLES W. W. NEEDHAM, Manager Bale* Dept. HONOLULU | | McCANDLESS-CARTWRIGHT—At Pierrepoint, N. V., May 24, Lincoln L. McCandless to Miss Elizabeth Janet Cartwright. DEVEREAUX-ROE—At Honolulu, May 24, William E. Deveraux to Miss Florence Amy Roc. SMITH-UNDERHILL—At Hilo, June 2, George Smith of Olaa to Ensign Norah Underhill of the Salvation Army. BIDINGER-ROACH—At Honolulu, June 6, Charles A. Bidinger to Mrs. Annie Roach. LYLE-WILLCOCK—At Honolulu, June 14, Samuel J. Lyle to Miss Sadie J. Willcock. SHEPHERD-MULLENS At Honolulu, June 15, Charles A. Shepherd to Miss Maud Blanche Mullens. WEINRICH-WHITNEY—At Honolulu, June 25, William Weinrich, Jr., to Miss Ada Rice Whitney. — TOILET WATERS-The dainty, charming, 20th Century is more witching than ever with the influence of these delightful perfumes. POWDER PUFFB AND SPONGE 8— well, just see our windaws. JtjlJt Lewis & Co., Ltd. THE BIG GROCERS, 160 King St. The Lewers & Cooke Bldg. 240—2 Telephones—24o. J �r THE FRIEND 16 Telephone cCevingston HATTER and* FURNISHEK 1071 Blahop Street Alex. Young Building Bank of Hawaii, Ltd. The 4 -f Under the Laws of the Territory HERE IS WHAT YOU WANT. Main 440 I -4 Incorporated HONOLULU • PAID-UP CAPITAL, SURPLUS, • • U.MHYIDED PROFITS, � *�������� MIIiIMMM.'M'HMj *' \' Telephone 187 ii<> B. T. Eblers & Co. ii«> ? ;; ;; RECEIVED:A Black Silk Raglans <■ Walking Skirts ■ Latest Novelties in I Bead Belts \ Hand Purses, etc. " ;: "-• HONOLULU Y. O. Box 716 ": J- ��������� \X 7RITE TO US is loud enough and can be most easily handled —if it is a W ..BILHORN.. 35.00 They are in use in churches and missions in this city CALL A ND SEE ONE A T THE Bergstrom Music Co. PROGRESS BLOCK BREWER & CO., Limited, Commission Agents. General MercantileHonolulu, T. H. Queen St., Cfor catalogues and prices on anything in the line of HARDWARE SPORTING GOODS SHIP CHANDLERY BICYCLES and GENERAL MERCHANDISE 70,283.95 OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS: M. Cooke, LIST OF OFFICERS—CharIes Robertson, Vice-President A LEXANDER & BALDWIN, Ltd. OFFICERS—H. P. Baldwin, Pres't; J. B. Castle, ist Vice-Pres't; W. M. Alexander, ad Vice-Pres't; J. P. Cooke, Treas.; W. O. Smith, Secy; George R. Carter, Auditor. SUGAR FACTORS AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS. AGENTS FOR—Hawaiian Commercial ft Sugar Co., Haiku Sugar Co., Paia lEAVER I LUNCH ROOM. H. J. Nolte, Proprietor. J* «* MPERANCE COFFEE HOUSE. ALWAYS USE California Rose... CREAMERY BUTTER Guaranteed the Beat and full 16 ounces. Fort St., Honolulu, T. H. HENRY nATGr CO. Ltd. 22 EWERS & COOKE, Ltd., Dealers in Jf^^^^^. TELEPHONES » 32 SPRECKELS & CO., BANKERS. i f* LAUS \j * *. J* JS Draw Exchange on the principal ports of the world and transact a general banking business. C. H. Bellina, Mgr I CLUB STABLESII I Plantation Co., Kihei Plantation Co., Hawaiian Sugar Co., Kahului R. R. Co., and Kahuku Planta tion. E. O. HALL & SON, Ltd., Honolulu. T. H. AGENTS FOR—Hawaiian Agricultural Co., Sugar Co.. W«Onomea Sugar Co.. Honomu luku Sugar Co., Makee Sugar Co., Haleakala Ranch Co., Kapapala Ranch. Planters' Line Shipping Co., Charles Brewer ft Co.'s Line of New York Packets. Tel. Main 109 Agents Boston Board of Underwriters. Agents Philadelphia Doard of Underwriters. FORT ST.. ABOVE HOTEL RIGS OF ALL KINDS President; Geo. H. GOOD HORSES and Manager; E. Faxon Bishop, Treasurer and Secretary; W. F. Allen, Auditor; P. C. Jones, CAREF UL DRIVERS C. H. Cooke, G. R. Carter, Directors. 200.000.00 Banking. /~* EORGE J. AUGUR, M. D., FORT STREET JUDD BUILDING. V-J HOMOEPATHIC PRACTITIONER. Office Hours:—lo to 12 a. m., 3to 4 and 7 m. Sundays: 9:30 to 10:30 a. m. 30.00 - 8800,000.00 ~* to Bp. $25.00 • President Charles M. Cooke. Vioe-President EBERHART SYSTEM P. C. Jones 2nd Vice-President F. W. Macfarlane ,| 1 To induce regularity of attendance. C. H. Cooke Cashier .{ Room for aoo names. Lasts four years with F. C. Atherton Assistant C ashier increasing interest. In use on the Islands. H. Waterhouse, E. F. Bishop, E. D. Tenney, Send to J. A. MoCandless and 0. H. Atherton. " HAWAIIAN BOARD BOOK ROOMS, COMMERCIAL AND SAVINGS DEPARTMENTS. «; 400 Boston Building. Strict Attention Given to all Branches of Residence, 435 Beretania St.; Office, 43 1 Beretania St. Tel. 1851 Blue. tiSaUfl of Hawaii. Honolulu : tORTER : : : Hawaiian Islands. FURNITURE CO., Importers of FURNITURE, UPHOLSTERY AND BEDDING. i'oung Bldg., cor. Hotel & Bishop Sts. Oak Furniture, Comic* ties. Window Shades and Wall Brackets, <erware, Antique � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Friend (1904) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Friend - 1904.07 - Newspaper