https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/30e75ce24251f88d39aa513bf920c394.pdf 7fa07258ea036553a4cc992dd4616ca1 PDF Text Text WAIMEA, HAWAII, STATION REPORTS Contents Lyons, Lorenzo ............... ................. a 1846 , y M Lyons, Lorenzo ....... ......... . May, 1848 Lyons, Lorenzo .......... . Mar.,1849 Lyons, Lorenzo (Title: 1950)... May, 1851 . ( 2yrs.) �Report of Waimea Station - May 1846 In addressing myself to the work of preparing a report of my field at this time, I am met at the outset with a novelty - that is attended with some embarrassment. As two years have elapsed since the last general meeting, & of course, since the last report was written, the present report must be biennial; whereas all previous reports have been annual. That is the novelty. As so long a time must be considered, & so large a space review ed, the power of memory must be unusually stretched in order to collect & arrange all the various incidents, innovations, transactions &c, which are necessary to constitute a faithful report. An d le t memory do her best, some things of no small importance, may after all, escape her notice. This is the embarrassment. Nor is this all the difficulty. Much that has transpired in my field during the 2 years, as well as the character of my labors, schools, churches &c, may already be known to the Mis­ sion; & hence in embodying it in this report, I shall but repeat an old story. Now the question is, how shall I extricate myself from this dilemma? I shall not spend much time in revolving the question, but leaving the dilemma as I found i t , I shall strike out a new course, & that is I shall give my report a present instead of a biennial character, that is, I shall report things as they now are. I shall begin with Waimea. As a brother exclaimed with reference to Kowaihae ( !) after a long absence, "Old Kowaihae ( !) forever", so to those of the Mission familiar with Waimea, I might say - "Old Waimea forever". exclamation should be limited. Yet that For as man is constantly changing, especially in his physical system, so the place he occupies is con­ stantly undergoing changes. True, the wind blows & the rain drives over the hills & plains of Waimea as usual, & the bleak, cold storm �Waimea Report 1846 still forces us to use our cloaks & hover around, the kitchen stove. True, streams & rivulets flow down our ravines & water our plains, & verdure covers our fields & our mountains, as in days gone by. But still, changes have occurred. Where cultivated fields once greeted the eye, & evinced industry & provisions for the wants of man, herds of cattle now roam & b id man retire to the gloomy centres of forests to procure roots for sustenance, or attempt cultivation whi c h he himself must guard toy building & occupying no better houses than the b ooths erected by the children of Israel at the feast of tab ernacles, or if the poor man refuses the forest as his home & field for cultivation, then he must go still further even to a valley some 12 miles distant to procure a spot to cultivate provided he has no means for purchasing provisions. Former dwelling houses have either b een deserted or have fallen to ruins & the eye looks in vain for them - - Whole lands are almost entirely forsaken of inhabitants, & the few who remain, remain for the most part, to drag out a miser­ able existence, as b est they can. may perhaps toe exceptions. A few foreigners & some others Hence the well watered, the verdant, the romantic Waimea may well toe called verdant sterility, romantic & variegated desolation. But then as Samson found sweetness in the jaws of a lion, so in Waimea may be found a few, if not, "a thousand sweets," — attractive properties, & rare enjoyments. many Who that feels it, will affirm that he does not love to feel the inspiration that comes from her pure & bracing atmosphere? her dark gathering clouds? Who that does not love to gaze upon & provided with a comfortable shelter with glass windows, who is there that would not love at night to lie down & be lulled to sleep by her whistling winds, & pelting storms? These are enjoyments furnished by nature. But there are other en- �Waimea Report 1846 3. & advantages joyments/furnished by art. Waimea with all its repulsiveness, can boast of her shoemakers, saddlers, blacksmiths, carpenters, tann ers, sawyers, comb makers, sugar manufacturers, masons, &c. Not to dwell on these, I pass on to the intellectual, moral & religious aspect of Waimea. The arts & trades show the existence of intellect, but this is almost entirely confined to the foreign population which is a mere appendage, & not of necessity an ingredient part of Waimea. There is however an intellectual aspect visible in the native popula­ tion. Our native magistrate is a man of considerable mind. Though he is a large, fat, easy, clever sort of a man - & has always lived in another man's house, & perhaps always will, yet he has made some mental attainments. Tho' he performs all his writing, which is not a little, on the matted floor, using neither chair nor table - t h o ' furnished with a writing desk, yet he is the greatest & the wisest native in Waimea. Yet he is only half a native. But the schools must be brought into view in order to give the full intellectual character. Of these I cannot speak very definitely - & that may seem strange as it is a part of my work to superintend them. But I will remove the strangeness. Of the schools one is catholic, & of course I know but little about it. I know the teacher however, & from his character & attainments, I infer that the school cannot be of much intellectual worth. He has been trying ever since catholicism was introduced here to procure a school certificate from the School superintendant - but has not yet succeeded for want of suitable mental qualifications. existence, extinction. Of the protestant schools one has just spring into or rather, has just been resusitated ( !), after a y e a r ’s This school I have not yet seen - yet with the teacher I am well acquainted. He was a member of Hilo boarding school for several years & left in consequence of sickness. On his recovery he �Waimea Report 1846 4. appeared to be more of a "non compos mentis ("), than anything else. After being a goatherd, a Shephard ( !) & what not for several years, during which time he hardly entered a school house, or meeting house, or looked into a b ook except perhaps the bible, he was presented to the hapa kahu kula by his guardian who had built him a school house, & obtained a certificate & is now teaching. The Kahu said, his naauao was nalowale loa, [his mind was gone] & he only made h i m teacher for the time toeing, till a b etter man could b e found. You may rightly infer that the intellectual character of Waimea will not receive much ellevation ( !) from this school. is not, & yet is. This is the station school. Another school was & It is without a teth­ er - has been for a year - yet we have gathered the children together sometimes for a few weeks & tried to keep them from losing all the knowledge they ever obtained. for three days — My last attempt of this kind, continued when I was called away to Kowaihae ( !) in quest of what I found not, & on my return, a tour was approaching, & I must stop to prepare for that. I am endeavoring to procure a teacher for this school - but how I shall succeed is doubtful — Strangers are afraid of Waimea - & no wonder - who would come here to teach school, while there are so many better places? — Only one school remains to be noticed — This is of a permanent character - has a good, substantial, & pious teacher. tual qualifications are by no means superior. where he teaches school — when I first came to Waimea. station. His intellec­ He has always lived He occupies the same place he occupied A ll his education he has received at the H is school is small, & its influence towards raising Waimea in the scale of intelligence is not yet very perceptible. This school is near that of the papists, & this seems to be quite a convenience to the scholars of both schools, for when a pupil of one school becomes �Waimea Report 1846 ' 5. angry either at the teacher or something else, he flies to the other school, & returns or not at his pleasure. Though this is the best school in W aimea yet the school house is a miserable concern, not worthy the name. The teacher & his family, either from poverty or some other cause, are obliged to occupy one part of it as a dwelling house, or rather the whole for the whole building is only about 20 feet long by 12 or 15 wide — But I have dwelt long enough on this part of the subject. The moral & religious aspect of Waimea remains to be considered. Whether this will appear any more cheering than the physical & in­ tellectual, the sequel will show. The moral portion of a community in distinction from the religious, must embrace all those who possess a good moral character. wicked. They are not openly vicious - nor externally They are affable in their manners, benevolent, regular atten­ dants at the house of God, both in the morning & afternoon services on the sabbath — They are often found too in week day meetings. Many of them are often connected with singing schools, bible classes & sabbath schools. They not unfrequently ( !) contribute towards the support of religious institutions - ministers &c. All these things they do, & many others, from a regard to morality or as influenced by the moral sense, yet they are not supposed to have any piety. Taking the above as the standard or touch stone of morality, I find the moral portion of Waimea in distinction from the religious, to be very small — Leaving out the Catholic portion which is about one 8th of the whole population for I hardly know whether that belongs to the moral or religious portion or to neither. The number possess­ ing a good moral character aside from the church members, is too inconsiderable to deserve attention. It is true there are many not connected with the church, who obey the laws of the land, & many who �Waimea Report 1846 6. make their appearance in the sanctuary on a pleasant sabbath morn, & a few in the afternoon. A small number too may be found in the singing, & the sabbath school, yet they have no moral character. Many of them are hardened apostates given up to pleasure & folly. Many are gay & thotless youth, They are all wild & destitute of every ingredient of morality & virtue. It is utterly impossible to hold any conversation with them on moral, not to say religious subjects. To generous & benevolent feelings gers. & actions, they seem utter stran­ All their regard either to the laws of God or of man, flows from fear or selfishness. Their attendance at the house of God, the singing & the sabbath school is prompted by motives of curiosity, of show or mere amusement. There may be exceptions, I hope there are, but fear that to look for them would be almost in vain. Efforts have been made - & that for many years - to wake up conscience & the moral sense - to moralize & christianize this portion of the community, but all, as yet to no purpose. T h o ' some have, at times, seemed to be aroused & reformed, yet they soon returned to there ( !) former follies & pollutions "like the dog to his vomit, or the s ow that was washed, to her wallowing in the mire." The religious part of Waimea, ie the Church, shall now be n o ­ ticed. This embraces about one hundred individuals. Many of them are old & greyheaded - & withal as ignorant as could be expected. Their influence is doubtless something, t h o ' not very perceptible to the senses. They seem to be pious & we hope they will soon reach the heavenly rest. The number of youth in the church is very small - & their influence, less than that of the aged. the pillars - if pillars there are. Christians — The middle aged are Many of this class seem to be But they seem to possess but little of the activity & �Waimea Report 1846 energy of Christianity - They are what might be called passive or mechanical christians - moving only as they are moved that might be said of most Christians. moved. And indeed They move only as they are One great difference however lies in the difference of the moving forces ! But to particularize a little — The church members are pretty constant in their attendance at sabbath & week day meetings. They dont often quarrel, nor commit other faults or sins that call for censure — Some few not long since gathered around a somewhat heathenish feast, g o t up by a native quack for the purpose of expelling the devil as they perhaps thot from a poor sick man. But they all repented - except the quack who was not a church member. The church members contribute occasionally to benevolent purposes. The subject of supporting or of aiding in supporting their pastor has been laid before them - & they readily acknowledged that it was their duty to do something in this way - & promised to begin. ginning has been made - And a b e ­ Some half dozen fowls, a turkey, a few fish, 2 or 3 clusters of bananas, a few sticks of wood, & 2 or 3 dollars cash have been contributed since Jany 46 towards my support. And very likely the church will think they have done very well, & be contented to do no more, if I say no more about it, t h o ' I have left myself out, & given the work to the most energetic elders to perform. But they d o n ’t understand how dollars can be dug out of such a cold, & sterile & desolate country as Waimea. The monthly concert receives a contri­ bution once in a while - 25 cents c a s h was contributed this month & that all by one man. a stick of wood a week. But then others contribute for foreign missions But in all these benevolent movements, the great trial of the pastor is, he has to keep the consciences of his flock. So after all but little morality or Christianity attaches to �Waimea Report 1846 8. what seems to be their benevolence. Some few of the more enlightened., may perhaps be exempt from this suspicion. A few statistics will close my report on Waimea. The whole population of Waimea including men, women & children natives & foreigners, protestants & catholics - is about 800. Catholics, who are mostly composed of apostates, about 100 1 catholic school - about 20 or 30 pupils 3 protestant schools - about 70 pupils Church members, 120 I proceed next to report on Puako & Kowaihae ( !) of my field embraces 4 churches & 4 schools. is 670. The whole population Number of children in school is about 130. ber of church members is about 390. This division The present num- Catholics about 20, mostly in one parish -I visit this portion of my field 3 times in a year unless pro­ videntially prevented. On these visits I examine the schools, preach, administer the Lord’s supper &c &c — I need say nothing of the physical aspect of this district. If Waimea is desolate - this is still more desolate, or desolate in the comparative, & I had almost said in the superlative degree. But the latter I will not say for there may be regions more desolate still. The poor inhabitants are dependent on Kohala mostly for provisions. The people of Kohala take advantage of this dependence - & demand exhorbitant prices for their produce. I should not include Kawaihae uka altogether in the same degree of d e s olateless [desolateness ?] & destitution as Puako & Kowaihae kai - That is sometimes visited with rains & covered with verdure, & yields provisions for its in­ habitants. The intellectual character of this division may very well compare with that of Waimea. �9. Waimea Report 1846 The churches have some enterprising spirit. They have furnished themselves with comfortable meeting houses, & they do something for the support of their missionary. They are of course very poor - yet they are disposed in some measure to aid benevolent objects. As the churches are almost altogether under the superintendence & in­ struction of native elders - their Christian knowledge does not r e ­ ceive much accession - nor does their piety appear to be of that brilliant & deep toned character which might be exhibited under wiser & more pious instructors. On my last visit to Puako, I found an interesting state of things. Many wanderers had professedly re­ turned, & several new cases of conversion were presented. The super­ intending elder of that parish is a very good & energetic man. Though an accentric character, he accomplishes much good. He is both elder & school teacher, & is one of the first graduates from the Seminary. There is also at the present time a little waking up at Kowaihae on the shore. awake. parish. One of the churches of Kowaihae uka seems to be always With 3 or 4 exceptions it embraces all the adults of the It is also the most stable church in my field. fallen since its formation. deserving of commendation. But few have Its benevolent contributions are generally Its meeting house is furnished with a pulpit & comfortable seats, some of the materials of w h i c h were b r o ’t by main strength from the mountains some 20 or 25 miles distant. Hamakua will now receive a few remarks. This is by far the most interesting portion of my field. contains a population of about 3,200 souls -tant schools — 1600 members. It It numbers 16 protes- embracing about 700 pupils, 11 churches with 1500 or �10. Waimea Report 1846 The schools are generally provided with good substantial teach­ ers, & may be said to be doing as well, all things considered, as could b e expected. The teachers are mostly home made, but appear to be none the worse for that. Indeed they seem to wear better than those manufactured at Lahainaluna. of the latter there are but 2 in Hamakua -- & they occupy one school — teacher who is of domestic manufacture. under however, a third With this treatment however they do not seem exactly satisfied, & hence they become disturbers of the peace. As they seem to be inefficient, & probably always will be so, I proposed to the Kahukula to remove them to Kau or somewhere else, where they might be needed. of no vacant places. To. which he replied, that he knew The schools were all kumued [commenced] . The teachers of Hamakua are pretty well paid ie in Hawaiian waiwai [goods] , such as kapa, cloth &c — of money. They have never, as yet, received a cent As to school houses, you all know what they are, a dis­ grace to the government by whose orders they are built. built any way will do for a school house -- Any thing, if transferred to Amer­ ica, the good people who support the mission would wonder what was coming, & if they tho't of appropriating it to any use, it would doubtless be for the benefit of their pigs. Besides the common schools, the singing schools of Hamakua deserve a passing notice. What! kuaaina [back country] region? stubborn fact. schools. singing schools away off in that Wonderful ! But then such is the Of the eleven parishes 10 have or had their singing For awhile all Hamakua seemed electrified by the music of the new formed choirs. At the time this musical excitement or enthu­ siasm was commencing I passed thro' Hamakua on a tour. Such rapid progress had be e n made in the art of singing that almost every meeting house had its choir & its chorrister ( !), & hence my own assistance �11. Waimea Report 1846 in singing was not needed — quite a comforting relief. Approaching a parish, where a singing, school had but just commenced, a mile or 2 distant perhaps, from the place - a strange sound fell upon my ear, which I might have very easily mistaken for a great & lamentable wailing had not my fellow travellers assured me that it was the music of the singing school. But then others of more tamed & civilized habits & voices, make strange noises sometimes in their first attempts at singing. But whence these singing masters? boarding school, & another from Kaawaloa. One is from Hilo The others are their pu­ pils . And how are they paid? by their scholars. The Kaawaloa teacher however, who had the charge of 3 schools, not receiving his pay from one of the schools according to his wishes, relinquished all his schools, fearing that they might all serve him alike, & returned to his own country. He was urged to take a school in Kohala - no - he had tried the business in Hamakua & did not succeed, he would not try it in Kohala -The other teachers hold on — & are making as good singing choirs as the present state of Society in Hamakua deserves. What do these rude - half civilized - Hawaiians care for soft & refined music? Noise with them is the great thing, the more noise, the more music. The state of the churches in Hamakua. & from my tours. On my last tour I found the churches externally prosperous ie generally so. reports. This I must gather from reports The superintending elders gave favorable In 2 or 3 parishes the religious state was such that it might be denominated a revival. Many apostates, having professed repentance were restored - & some 20 from amoung the 50 or 60 pro­ fessed converts, were received to the church. The churches, have displayed a commendable degree of enterprise in building & furnish- �12 Waimea Report 1846 ing meeting houses. If they would display the same zeal in furnish­ ing their school houses, they would deserve still more commendation. But only one thing a t a time amoung Hawaiians. One thot seems suf­ ficient to fill their mental vision & capacity for the time being. Get that thot well disposed of, then they are ready to take up another Hence there is hope that at some future period respectable school houses as well as meeting houses will gratify the eye of travellers th r o ' this part of Hawaii. One meeting house is furnished with cushioned seats. All the meeting houses have a rude & simple yet commodious pulpit, & some of these pulpits are furnished with large bibles at the expense of the churches. In most of the houses of worship a communion table may be seen on communion days. I need not say that its furniture is of the most peculiar kind, consisting of cups & plates of all sizes & de­ scriptions, not rendered complete however without the use of cala­ bashes, for tankards. duction of pitchers. The latter however is giving way to the intro­ Further improvements will doubtless be made, as the ability of the churches increases. too are of the most simple nature. The sacramental Water reddened with molasses answers for wine & the bread is of various descriptions. breadfruit is used - sometimes Kalo, & baked or fried in some way. procure hard bread. symbols Sometimes sometimes pia & poi mixed together Some churches are so situated as to One church, not in Hamakua however, not long since, made an effort to be a little more civilized & Christianized than usual. It procured several bottles of wine and a loaf or two of soft bread, from some vessel, about a month before communion When the communion season arrived, I entered the house of God, the communion table was spread, & on it stood 5 bottles of the aforemen­ tioned wine, & the bread carefully enclosed in kapa. But it came �Waimea Report 1846 13. into my mind that I had better try the wine, before distributing it. This I did, & found all but one bottle to be red hot brandy. the other bottle was, I could not tell. What It had no liquor taste. I then unrolled the bread, & to the surprise & confusion of all, it was so black with mould that it was of no use. It was not a very appro­ priate time for such confusion & disappointment. But I disposed of the matter as well as I could, & procuring the usual elements - pro­ ceeded. The benevolent spirit of the churches of Hamakua is rather in advance of that of the other parts of my field. Within a year or two, they have made quite a liberal contribution for the Tract Society — And last Jany. they commenced their contributions for supporting their Missionary — In one parish a chh member contributed an old rusty worn out, pair of scissors. The acting elder refused to receive them, upon which the donor threatened to prosecute him. almost all churches. But then there are devils in Another church did much better. Waipio made quite a splendid contributory display. close of a splendid temperance festival. arrayed in all its glory. The church in It was at the All Waipio was assembled, Several speeches were delivered & a dia­ logue held amoung the rest. When all was silent, the elder brot forward the contributions of the church. In the first place 4 large bundles, each about as much as a man could lift, were exhibited. These contained Kapa, cloth, vests, Jackets, pants, rope, a bridle & what not. In the second place a purse of money was exhibited, con­ taining some 15 dollars. The whole amount was about 60 dollars. That will do very well, for the first attempt towards supporting their minister. Another church contributed some eight dollars cash & 20 dollars in other things, Kapa, goats, hens &c — I did not �Waimea Report 1846 14. ascertain what the other churchs ( !) had contributed — But as it was very small, I proposed a certain fixed sum, & told them they might have the year for obtaining it in. Poor, ignorant people as most of them are - I do not feel like urging them to support me. then they are not all alike. than others — But Some are in more favorable circumstances & it is doubtless the duty of such to aid In support­ ing the institutions of the Gospel — There are many other things, civilization - temperance, popery &c that deserve to be noticed. to an outrageous length — But I have already extended my report & must bring it to a close, after mention­ ing some statistics, &c. 2136 62 129 750 194 1,000 120 1076 chh members i n regular standing reed to the chh on examination during the last 2 years excluded fr the chh " " " " fallen chh members restored " " " " " chh members deceased " " " " " Whole no. chh members, deceased children baptized " " " whole no. children baptized 23 protestant schools — 898 pupils — 449 Readers - 350 writers, 400 in mental & 166 in w r i t t e n arithmatic 224 in Geography — 874 anti smokers in the schools -20,723 verses of scripture committed to memory - within 4 months. The whole population of my field is 4,628 it was 3 years ago. # being about 1,000 less than Deaths within this period 700, births 267, The remainder of the decrease is made up of removals to other places. This rapid decrease of population, proclaims in loudest tones, what is done for this people, must be done quickly. that The removal too of 3 of my brethren since last general meeting, admonishes me that I too am mortal. Of this too I have been once & again reminded # Of this number, 326 are catholics. �Waimea Report 1846 15 . by my own sickness & often infirmities within the last 2 years. It then becomes me to be up & doing & always abounding in the work of the Lord, until called to give up my account. Your fellow laborer & missionary brother Lorenzo Lyons �. 5 Report of the Station at Waimea on Hawaii from May 1846 to May 1848 "Is there anything whereof it may be said, "See, this is new?" It hath been already, of old time." Admitting the truth of the wise man's assertion, it should not be expected that anything new will appear, in the report about to be presented. Should anything appear new, it should be borne in mind, it is only so in appearance. "It hath been already of old time." Two years, it seems, have past ( !) since I last reported, & four years since I last met my brethren, on an occasion like the present. Since then numerous changes have taken place, some of wh, have been of a melancholy character. Some that were here then, are not here now; t h e i r seats are vacant, their forms are not seen, their vows are not heard; they rest from their labors, & have taken their upward flight. Brethren of precious memory, we shall see them no more, till, we too, if good & faithful like them, are called to lay down our armour, put on the crown of victory, "& enter into the joy of our Lord." Others, afflicted & disabled from persuing ( !) their missionary work, have bid us farewell, & returned to their native country. But others have come to fill the places of the deceased & the returned. Welcome brethren, to the toils & trials, the joys & rewards of the missionary life. I said two years had past since I last reported - yet they seem no longer than did one in the days of yore, when our tribes were wont to assemble annually at this Hawaiian Jerusalem. Hence we may infer, that, like the degrees between the meridians, that grow shorter & shorter, as you advance towards the poles, so our years will doubtless grow shorter & shorter in appearance, as we advance towards the grave. Should we however live to reach that stage & state of �Waimea Report1848 longevity, so graphically described by the preacher, when the evil day s come & the years draw nigh w h e n thou shalt say I have no pleasure in them, when the sun, & the light & the moon & the stars shall be darkened, & the keepers of the house shall tremble, & the strong man shall b o w themselves, & the grinders cease because they are few, & those who look out o f the windows be darkened, & the doors shall be shut in the streets when the sound of the grinding is low, & the grasshopper shall be a burden & desire shall fail," then the year may be expected to resume, if not to exceed, its fristine length. these 2 years, During the Lord has surrounded me with goodness & loving kindness, & permitted me to labor, t h o ' not without occasional in­ terruptions. The thorn planted in my flesh some 3 years since, has not, as you perceive, been removed, tho' the Lord has been not thrice only, but often entreated to remove it. Its continuance has at times created much pain, & hence produced a temporary suspension from missionary work. Satan also has been allowed to lay his hand on m e , as he did on Job, & confine me for several weeks to the house, away from my people & my work. Yet the Lord was stronger than Satan, & at length interposed to rescue me from his relentless grasp, & restore me to my labors. — The sea too, has sought once & again to stop my labors alto­ gether, by burying me beneath its angry billows. Yet He whose paths are in the great waters , & whose voice controls the wil d billows roar, stretched forth his arm of love & caught his sinking servant, &, returning him, unhurt, to land, bid him resume his work & prosecute it with renewed zeal & fidelity. In persuing ( !) my report, I shall tounch ( !) briefly on several topics. I Schools Tho the schools are under the supervision & patronage �Waimea Report 1848 3. of the government. yet as we are expected to have an eye upon them & a hand in their management, & as we actually have much to do with them, in the selection of superintendents, in the training & appoint­ ment of teachers, in the examination of the pupils, & in furnishing both teachers & pupils with books &c - & as the schools are the hope of both the Mission & the nation - they certainly deserve a prominent place in our report. 1 School superintendents. The schools in my field have enjoyed the labors of several Kahus within the last 2 years. W ith one exception they were all good men - & discharged their duties wit h a good degree of energy & fidelity. The schools prospered under their influence, & teachers uttered but few complaints becaused ( !) the Kahus did not exert themselves to secure their support. The excepted Kahu was too young to be advanced to such an office -- his reign was short — fell before he completed the first survey of his dominions. he The superintendents are the best if not the wisest men we have -- tho' they are not in all respects what their office requires them to be — Ignorant at first of the methods of transacting business, & hence liable to make blunders, especially in the financial & statistical departments they may be expected to make improvement &, if allowed to continue long enough in office, may at length arrive at a good degree of perfection in the performance of their official duties. There is one quality for the possession of which they are deserving of high commendation. They spurn not the small remuneration they are allowed by government for their arduous labors. per annum ! Twenty dollars One trip over Waipio & Waimanu palies is worth that. And yet with this insignificant compensation the Hawaiian Kahu accom­ plishes perhaps, as much as a foreign Kahu would accomplish with a salary of 500 dollars. I must notice another fact, The Kahus, when �4 Waimea Report 1848 placed in circumstances that made it necessary have, for the most part, exhibited a laudable degree of boldness & decision. For a long time no govt catholic school existed in my field, tho' the Kahus had often been solicited by the priests to give certificates to their candi­ dates for the teachers office. But these proposed candidates as they did not possess the requisite qualifications, the Kahus continued to reject till, within the year past, they were led thro' flattery, f e a r & moral imbecility to yield to catholic importunity, & forthwith catholic teachers, notwithstanding their moral & mental deficiencies appeared on the stage with their diplomas, & opened their schools for the first time in this field under royal patronage. But then what shall we infer from this? W hy nothing more nor less than that Hawaiian Kahus claim brotherhood with other officials of govt. & other members of the human family. You may feel somewhat confused in consequence of my mentioning a plurality of Kahus, but a moment's explanation will relieve your minds. Under the old administration, ie the administration previous to the appointment of a Minister of Public Instruction, the schools of Hawaii were under two superinten­ dents, & a part of my field was under one, & a part under the other. A part of the time these Kahus were either sick or absent from the Island on govt. business - & Sub Kahus supplied their places. After the appointment of a Minister of Public Instruction these Kahus & sub Kahus gave place to a single Kahu, not of their number, who con­ tinued in office about a year & was then dismissed, yet with a good character. His successor enjoyed his office about a month, when, being guilty of unbecoming conduct he was removed - & another appointed to fill his place, which is the present incumbent. It is hoped he will hold his office long enough to breathe & to find out what the office means & what it requires. �Waimea Report 1848 2 Teachers. 5. 1st Protestant teachers — ing all who have taught the past 2 years. died - all good scholars - all They number over 30, includ­ Of this number five have members of the chh - superior teacher - & all tolerable. one was a Some 5 or 6 have been dismissed or left their schools of their own accord. They were all with one exception connected with the chh - & most of them retain their connex­ ion still. They were mostly inefficient teachers, & hence their dismission is no great loss to the cause of education. 24 teachers remain. 1 These are all chh members in good standing - 9 of them are sub­ pastors or superintending elders of the chhs & parishes where they respectively reside. 6 others are deacons — These 15 are good, pious, substantial men. 2. Of t h e 2 4 teachers, 6 received their education at the Seminary at Lahainaluna - 3 at the Boarding School at Hilo - 15 at Waimea. 3. Of the above number 4 were teachers when I first arrived at Wai- mea 16 years ago, & ho w long before that I know not, 2 of whom have possessed unblemished character during the whole period. 10 have been engaged in teaching about 10 years, 8 of who m have become good moral characters during all this period. These 8 - with the 2 Just mentioned - during all their chh membership, have never com­ mitted any offense, that called for suspension. 4. Some of my teachers you perceive are veterans - ists in school teaching. Old revolution­ They have plodded on & unweariedly trodden the School master's wheel - During all the revolutions that have taken place on the Islands - they have remained at the school teach­ er's posts- Wages or no wages, trustees or no trustees - they have clung to their work. When driven to want they have labored with their �Waimea Report 1848 6. own hands to obtain relief. they erected themselves, When their school houses fell down, till others were erected. When the school shell blowed, & they we n t to their school houses & found no scholars, they went out themselves into the highways & hedges - visited houses & fields, & gathered the wild & wandering children into their schools. They have lived to see better days - And should they continue their present business till superannuated - it would be no more than a righteous act of the government to constitute them the pensioners of its bounty for the remainder of their lives. 5. Teachers in their schools. They open & close their exercises with prayer ie as a general thing -- They read the bible with their pupils, explain & apply - require their pupils to commit the scriptures to memory — They give instruction in the branches generally taught in common schools, In some of the schools singing is taught. Some of the teachers, perhaps most of them, preserve some degree of order & maintain some authority in their schools, & would like to maintain more - but are prevented from fear of offend ing either parents , or children, or both - & consequently of losing some of their scholars. I said some degree of order is preserved in school - but perfect order is not to be expected - that would be out of all character - a H a ­ waiian school would not be pure Hawaiian without some noise & con­ fusion 6. Their intellectual qualifications &c . Most of the teachers are pretty thorough masters of the Helunaau - & can manage pretty well some 15 or 20 chapters of the Helu Kakou - & some have advanced some chapters farther. Their amount of geographical knowledge - is more limited - yet in this respect they will doubtless well compare with many teachers in more enlightened lands. Some of the teachers - exhibit something of a "tact" in teach­ �7. Waimea Report 1848 ing — they succeed in getting the attention of their scholars - & in getting them along in their studies - The great trouble is the want of affinity between the teacher & the pupil - or rather between the knowledge communicated & the mind receiving it — The teacher h owever wise cannot impart his wisdom to his pupils, while their ears & eyes & minds are shut - or are more interested in other things not connected with knowledge. Some of the teachers distinguish them­ selves by their activity in inducing their scholars to supply them­ selves with books. The teachers generally assemble their pupils on the Sabbath to receive religious instruction - & some hold religious meetings with them during the week. — The teachers as a body, have entered into an agreement to cultivate habits of civilized life - to appear neither in school- meeting or the streets without at least a shirt & pair of pants - to keep their houses in order - & eat at tables. they do not all - or always remember this agreement. But then It is so easy to slip into a Kapa - & to get down on the floor by a calabash of poi - that they need a large degree of moral resolution & energy to o overcome the of former habits, Teachers wages. . 7 The wages stipulated by the Kahu from 12 1/2 to 25 cts per day are generally all paid in the course of time - but then to get their pay, the teachers are obliged to apply often - & wait long & subject themselves to want while waiting - & when obtained, it does not furnish them with a competent support, & hence they are obliged to work hard out of school in order to make themselves & families any way comfortable. Here their patient - persevering & self denying spirit is certainly praise worthy - & worthy also of imitation. �Waimea Report 1848 8. The teachers' library & periodicals. point. I need not dwell long on this You are already furnished with the necessary information. The bible, hymn book, Pilgrim's Progress & Elele all have, & many have in their libraries a copy of nearly all the books printed in the Hawaiian language — Can it be said of even one teacher in A m ­ erica that he has in his library a copy of all the works printed in the English language? - And if a copy of all the works published in the Hawaiian language is not sufficient to constitute a decent library or anything deserving the name of library - surely the teach­ er is not to blame for not having a larger library than he has — He cannot make brick without straw, or purchase books where they are not to be had. 3 Pupils. pupils. In the protestant schools - there are not far from 900 Many of the children in school 2 years ago, have taken their degree, & married off at the ages, 15 years for girls - & 17 - for boys - as prescribed by law, & are filling up the land with fathers & mothers who need their own fathers & mothers to take care of their children, & making it sometimes difficult to distinguish between children & grandchildren. But if there is any blame in this matter, it must fall not on the parents, but on the law. The pupils who have left the schools for marriage &c - have obtained some knowledge, & many of them are members of the church, & these, together with others who are not members, are generally found in the Sanctuary on the Sabbath, & as members of the community they are certainly a grade or two above their fathers, tho' the difference to our dim or short, or perverted sightedness, is not always or not clearly perceptible. Another class of pupils - 8 or 9 in number, have left the common schools to join the Boarding school at Hilo. These with one exception �Waimea Report 1848 9. are members of the chh. Another class has left the schools in con­ sequence of mischiefousness ( !), indolence, & an utter aversion to learning. Many of these find a fit occupation as Kahus of horses - cattle, sheep & goats. With respect to those now in school, I suppose they are not materially different from pupils in other Hawaiian public schools. They are as a general thing decently clothed — They attend school more or less reguarly ( !), t h o ' there are but few who have not against their names a long string of marks for delinquency. They are all more or less noisy - tho some few are characterized by their ano noho malie ( quietness). books than formerly — Many are better furnished with school purchased by themselves — yet many are still destitute - & many of the books purchased by the scholars are kept but a short time, they are soon torn to tatters, or so so i l e d as to be of little service, just as it is in other places. If you enter some of the schools, you will be received in true New England style, the pupils will arise, & tender y o u their aloha, with bows & courtisies ( !). Now & then a pupil, when punished, takes offense, &, if there is a catholic school in the vicinity he connects himself with that. Such cases, are, however, rare. All the read­ ers In the common schools are expected to attend sabbath school - & most of them do attend, & with t hem m a ny of the smaller ones who are not readers. And all the children in school - great & small - are attached to temperance & anti tobacco societies. Their moral character. That they are entitled to a respectable moral character might certainly be inferred - from the fact - that they commit to memory thousand of verses of scripture - are connec­ ted with temperance societies, & sabbath schools - are seldom detected in the commission of the grosser sins - are many of them children of �Waimea Report 1848 10. Christian parents & hence were baptized in their infancy - that they pay some regard to the Sabbath, & to parental authority & can play or spend or school the livelong day together - not altogether like Mel­ ville's innocent Marquesans, without any quarreling, but with no more than might be seen amoung an equal number of children in other Christian Countries. All this is good & cheering, & may be regarded as prognostic of something better, & something better may confidently be expected. Of the religious character of the children now in school I have nothing especially encouraging to say. Some few on giving evidence of being converted have been received to the chh - & others have applied for admission, & now stand as candidates, but the great majority have no interest in spiritual things - & no concern for their eternal welfare And this is not strange. Before we can see more conversions amoung Hawaiian children there must be more parental instruction - watchful­ ness, anxiety, faith & prayer. That there are as many conversions as there are, is a great wonder ~ a wonder of grace. School houses. I have heretofore tho't it was all important to have good, & decent & comfortable school houses - & I together with the Kahus, have talked & lectured - & planned, & flattered & threat­ ened & fretted on the subject - (s)till failing of accomplishing our object. I have been led to review my former position, & have about come to the conclusion - that it makes but little difference amoung Hawaiians what the exterior or interior - height length - breadth, or shape of the house is where the school is taught. to communicate & receive knowledge. The great thing is We have always had school houses of some description & within a year past - something has been done in this line of business — New school houses have been erected - in almost every district, & as a general thing they are of a superior �11. Waimea Report 1848 character - to any previously built, tho' they are not yet furnished. 5 Thus far I have spoken of native agency only in schools. I will now touch lightly on my own agency in this department. 1. I have been engaged in the erection of a station school house. The superintendence of the whole work from beginning to end - occupy­ ing more than a year - devolved on me. Bones & sinews & muscles, & brains, & purse were summoned to aid in the business, & sometimes cried out bitterly that so much of the burden fell on them. But then there was no alternative, you must either submit to what seems a present evil - or submit to former inconveniencies arising from the want of a comfortable school building - & in addition to this be obliged to hide your face in shame & confusion, when the passing visi­ tor wishes you to show hi m your school house. The school house is \ finally finished, floored, plastered, painted, furnished & all looks as neat & nice, & comfortable & elegant as any one could wish - it is occupied by a good teacher & is filled with pupils; & if the house & the pupils mutually operate on each other like heat & cold, an equilibrium will ere long be produced that will destroy the mild incongruity that at first appeared, & at the same time leave quite a civilized phase on the pupils. 2. For the want of a teacher I have taught the common school at the station myself for a few months- - during thepast 2 years - long enough t o be reminded that the common school master has at best a h a r d time of it & constantly needs the sympathies, counsels, & prayers of all the wise & the good. 3. The teachers' school. I h ave assembled the teachers once at W aimea for the purpose of reviving forgotten knowledge - & increasing their intellectual & theological stores, of cultivating their musical & argumentative powers &c -- The school continued for one month - �Waimea Report 1848 12. from 9 am. to 9 pm - Saturdays & Sabbaths excepted — 4. Examinations. I have attended more or less to the examinations of the public schools - & besides have had two annual select examina­ tions, composed of teachers, trustees - & the most advanced scholars in the different schools t h r o ’out the field. The exercises on these occasions consisted in examination on different branches, music, speeches, debates, deliberative meetings &c. On the last occasion, a long table was spread in the meeting house where the exercises were held at which the trustees, teachers & select scholars took their meals during the 2 days they were together. The stewarts - guests - seats - table, & table furniture presented quite an American appear­ ance, — 6 School libraries. What ! school libraries on Hawaii? I mention these, not because they exist, bu t because they are amoung the things that ought to exist & ought to be embraced in our reports. That the Hawaiian children will ever be any thing, ever become intelligent, or exhibit a relish for reading & other intellectual pleasures, without suitable books, is not t o be expected. become authors, not translators, original authors. Some of the brethren must or compilers, or imitators, but They must look over Hawaii & over the wide world & see what is best adapted to Hawaiian tastes & capacities. What they find thus adapted, they must put on paper in a form & style that c annot fail to please & even to captivate the young Hawaiian r e a d e r . Then funds must be raised in some way or other for publishing what is thus written in the form of books, "got up" with a handsome & Then alluring exterior. T h e n efforts must be made to circulate said books amoung both children, youth & parents. Just look for a moment at the paucity of books for native children — Kumulua, Ikemua - Holohol ona — himeni Komalii — Kumumua, Ther e is not a �13 W aimea Report 1848 suitable reading book in the native language - ie, a book that would properly constitute a part of a School library — They are all mere school books - except the bible & hymn book. I only throw out the above remarks for your consideration. II The Church. 6,148 individuals have been received to the chh in my field during the 16 years of my residence there, & most-of this number have been received within the last 10 years. examination,& 289 on certificate. Viz - 5,859 on Of this number, 1850 have deceased, & 1552 have removed to other places, leaving 2,746 now in the field. Of those who have deceased, 1200 were in regular standing & 650 sus­ pended & excommunicated members. Of those removed to other places - 800 have been received to other chhs, 282 are/wandering about like sheep without shepherds - perhaps some of them have been received to difft. chhs - the notice of which has not reached the pastor; & some 470 are not now connected with the chh. The present number of chh members in regular standing as far as I know is 2,182, subtracting the 282 wanderers in other fields, pastor. 1900 only are left under the care of the My arrangement of the chh in my field is well known to the brethren. 1 There are 16 divisions - 15 of which are committed to the care of pious & intelligent natives. tending elders, or subpastors. These individuals are called superinNone of them have received a formal license yet they preach & exhort as much as they please. They are good, pious, energetic men, & render invaluable service to the sub missionary, but are not qualified to act in the capacity of pastors. Most of them have occupied their present posts for a long have never been under suspension. & e m i t Amoung the number there is one �Waimea Report 1848 14. graduate of Lahainaluna, of the old stock. They have received no stipulated wages for their services, & no wages at all except their b ooks, till within 2 or 3 years past, they have received a portion of the benevolent contributions of the native chhs. The number of subpastors is 13. Next to these elders or subpastors are the deacons — They aid the elders in the distribution of the bread & the cup-on communion seasons - in visiting a m o n g the people - in holding meetings & c. The number of deacons is larger or smaller according as the chh is large or small from which they are chosen. W h o l e number 60. are for the most part very good men. They Of the elders & deacons there is an annual general meeting at Waimea for giving reports, delivering addresses & sermons - holding consultations &c — Next to the deacons, comes another class denominated hoa hana , fellow helpers - or fellow laborers — & women some 400 in all -- lam e- This class embraces men The women conduct women’s meetings & visit a m o n g the female portion of the community; & the men aid the elders & deacons in their work — The institution of this latter class was an experiment, but it has thus far operated [?] very well. These 3 classes form a substantial body on which dependence can be placed where any thing of a moral, is to be done. religious, or benevolent nature They form a part of the regulars of the Lord's army, while the other members of the chh are not prevented from being volun­ teers. They are all invited & urged to come forward & discharge the duties of soldiers of the cross. The 15 divisions, or most of them away from the station, I have visited 5 times since the last general meeting. ful tour now occupies about 5 weeks. A complete & faith­ �Waimea Report 1848 2. 15. Character of chh members. On this subject I need say but little, for you already anticipate my remarks. As many of the Ha- w a i i a n s possess a migragotry, ( !) & locomotive character, & hence are often changing places, we are furnished with opportunities of becom­ ing acquainted with each others chh members. We learn with deep regret that some can bear transportation no better than some of the good people of America, some of whom it is reported, when on their way to these Islands, hand up their consciences on Cape Horn - worse even than our good Hawaiians who retain theirs till they reach the Hawaiian Metropolis. But then our nomadic brethren are not all alike - some appear as well abroad, doubtless, as they do at home, & adorn their profession wheree v e r they are. Besides the brethren of this description should not, as a general thing, be regarded-as true representatives of the main- & more permanent body at home - any more than American volunteers in the Mexican war or American stragglers on these shores should be regarded as fair specimens of the whole body of Americans. What then is the character of the chh members under my care? As a general thing, their habits of honesty & chastity, are such that they are seldom subjected to discipline in consequence of the f t ,or A the violation of the 7th commandment. A chh member, caught in the act of stealing is a very rare occurrence. And the violations of the 7th commandment are far less frequent than many are disposed to b e ­ lieve — The wonder is that there are no more, considering the manner in whi c h most of the natives live, The temptations from unprincipaled foreigners & the depths of moral corruption from which they have just emerged. The cucumbers, melons, onions, leaks & garlics of which are doubtless sometimes brot to their remembrance - followed by such a strong desire to return, that nothing could prevent it, but moral �Waimea Report 1848 16. strength & the grace of God. The chh members are for the most part regular in their atten­ dance at the house of God, & perform with a good degree of zeal & fidelity & perhaps according to their ability, most of the duties arising from their chh membership. Their ( !) are some duties, the performance of which does not seem to lie within the province of Hawaiian ability or agency. Amoung these may be reckoned the proper training of children - domestic neatness &c. Attempts are however made in this department - & a small degree of proximation towards success - is apparent. In all families, the heads of wh are Christians, family worship is maintained, morning & evening - tho' doubtless with occasional neglects, as when the husband is ready - but the wife is out somewhere or the wife is ready but the husband has gone to his neighbor's or his mala [garden ?], & while one is waiting for the other - the time passes away, so that when both are ready it is too late & family devotions must be put over till next time. A quarrel also occasion­ ally takes place between-husband & wife, & this sometimes causes a suspension of family w o rship - for a day or two. But these are ex­ ceptions, & thing of rare occurrence, & are witnessed doubtless in other places as well as in my field. I presume no heads of families neglect family prayer - from timidity - or want of resolution to perform it. Where there are readers in families, the bible, at least are more or less read. portions of it Some take pleasure in reading God's word-& appreciate in a manner its truths, precepts - promises, & doctrines — But doubtless there are many who are strangers to the practice of searching the scriptures, who are not accustomed to think that in them they have eternal life - or that they testify of Jesus. �Waimea Report 1848 17. Thus furnishes no very soldid [solid ?J matter for wonderment, And yet it is the hardest thing in the world to divest ourselves of the expectation of tracing a perfect resemblance between Christians who can read intelligibly & intelligently & those who can only read blun­ deringly & with darkened understanding, & feeling that to their minds the real meaning is incomprehensible — between Christians who have always had the gospel from their very infancy, whose minds have always been imbued with its spirit & its principles, & Christians whose minds up to the time of their becoming Christians were filled with all manner of heathenish impressions instead of the gospel. We, however, have some right views on this subject. 3 Revivals. The Lord has not forsaken the field of my charge. has not forgotten to be gracious. He T h o ' for some time our religious horizon seem darkened & clouds hang over our spiritual Zion, yet the Lord had mercy in reserve. Places that I had regarded as abandoned of God-& given over to Sodom's doom, proved to be fields for the renewed visitations of the Spirit & the repeated display of God's mercy. The appointed time came; the instrumentality that had often been used, & as often failed of success, was now clothed with power from heaven's armoury, & a sudden change is produced, graves open, grave clothes fall off, dry bones revive, & all is life, where but the d a y before nought reigned but death & dark unbroken silence. Most of the subjects of the revival were hardened apostates, respect­ ing whom I was disposed to say, as it was once said of Ephraim, they are joined to their idols, let them alone. If before their professed conversion they were possessed with one unclean spirit, they were now, after their return to the world, possessed with seven. Their eyes seemed held in leaden & eternal slumbers, their ears deaf to all warnings & invitations, their hearts colder than a northern �Waimea Report 1848 18. ice/ b erg, & harder than the nether millstone — Their names had been erased from the catologue of God's people, nor did I ever expect to see them re recorded [!] there -- their seats at the table of the Lord were vacant a desolate chasm, that, oft as seen gathered a cloud of untold sadness,upon the pastor's b r o w . Nor did the pastor, after years of fruitless yearnings over them, & prayers & efforts to reclaim them, expect to witness or welcome their return. The means used for creating & promoting the revival were all of the ordinary character — -- preaching - visiting, exhortation - prayer nothing extraordinary, no removal of pre existing restrictions - or proclamation of special indulgencies - not even a protracted meeting. It is all of the Lord,& to him be all the glory. Results of the revival, some 300 apostates reclaimed & restored, about 100 professed conversions a m o n g those never connected with the chh - some 60 of whom have been received to the chh - & the remainder stand propounded for future admission - if they appear worthy. A m o n g the ab ove are some who were formerly catholics - some young - some middle aged - & some of grey hairs. 4 Benevolence - Any advance in this department we are disposed to hail with joy, & that there has been some advance the last two years in my field, I have the satisfaction of announcing. When I became informed of the resolution passed at the last general meeting to present to the native chhs the subject of pastoral support, I set about the work tremblingly — My expectations were by no means sanguine. Indeed I doubted the propriety of the attempt, feared the time had not come. What can these poor, & ignorant chhs do? With them the science & the philosophy of benevolence are in their infancy. They have it is true been taught to be benevolent, & have contributed, more or less to benevolent objects, for many years past, from the very be- �Waimea Report 1848 19. ginning of my residence amoung them. ing very systamatically ( !). But they have as yet done noth- Their deep poverty too, renders them more deserving of being supported themselves, support to others. than capable of giving Why so urgent to agitate this question now? then the decree has gone forth — a beginning must be made. But The annual meeting of the elders in m y field was held soon after said resolution came to my knowledge. we begin? — The subject was presented to the elders — S hall some replied yes, but let the elders & a few choice members only be called upon to enlist in this business, if proposed to the chh members generally - it may drive some to apostacy. a voluntary work. No tax is to be imposed — But it is each one is at liberty to aid or not aid - to give what he pleases or nothing at all. & other objections were found to have no weight. This So after consulta­ tion & prayer an unanimous resolution was passed that the chhs in my field should make an effort towards supporting their pastor. The resolution was spread all over the field & the time appointed for re­ ceiving contributions. That time came, but only 2 or 3 chhs out of the — 16, were ready to contribute. subject but not to act. They had begun to think a little on the But this wont do. There must be something more definite, more tangible proposed -- benevolent circles must be drawn w i t h moderate radii within which let the respective chhs be invited & urged to move. So a definite sum was proposed to b e raised during the year in each chh. not the same sum in every chh - but varying according to the size & ability of the chh. The superintend­ ing elders or subpastors were made agents, & were to receive a certain portion of the sum obtained as a compensation for their labors. The year came round - but the proposed sums had not been raised except in one or 2 chhs. All the chhs but one however (& this excused itself �Waimea Report 1848 20. on the ground of b eing engaged in building a meeting house) had done something — a beginning had been made — more money had been contri­ buted than had been contributed before including all that had been given from the commencement of benevolent efforts in my field; & the good people began to pride themselves on the benevolent e l evation they had reached. they They had made an effort to support their pastor - & had found could do something -- had made a little advance towards moral independence - & none in the attempt had been driven into apostacy or made the poorer by it. But there was something wanting still, there must be a system still more definite. A particular chh is to raise a definite sum - that is definite enough as far as the chh is concerned - but leaves room for individuals to shirk out. The chh is to raise 10 dollars - but I am not the chh - that sum may perhaps be raised without me, if it is, all well, if not, it may not be known that I am amoung the delinquents, the non contributors. We must have a system that will bring each individual chh member into the field of benevolence - give each an opportunity of doing something - awaken individual responsi­ bility, & show who contributes & how much - & who contributes nothing. So Societies were formed, in each parish & agents appointed to super­ intend them - They received the name of monthly benevolent Societies - the conditions of membership were - the payment of from one cent to one dollar per month — Each individual chh member was to be called upon to subscribe somewhere within these limits - & no one to be ex-- empted but by a vote of the whole chh — Amoung the exempted the extremely poor - superannuated - blind &c -- were to be reckoned. — Such was the system adopted in Jany 184 7. mained to be seen -- How it would operate r e ­ Jany. 1848 came, & these benevolent Societies held their 1st anniversary, not in one place, or at the same time, but �Waimea Report 1848 21. t -each in its respective district, & its appointed time in order to give the pastor an opportunity of being present. The exercises of the anniversary consisted in prayer, singing, addresses - contributions the reading off of the benevolent statistics - with the names of con­ tributors, & what each contributed, & what was still unpaid - & who -had paid nothing a t al l . The members wore badges previously prescribed to distinguish them as belonging to the benevolent Society — The meet- ing was followed by a festival preposed ( !) for the occasion. In one parish there was a misunderstanding — what had been subscribed per month, was supposed to be for a year — Hookahi keneta ka - no ke makahiki ! Kupa naha ! — & what was stranger still the author if this strange misunderstanding, was the g o o d elder or subpastor of the parish. However before I left that parish, I obtained a very commendable con­ tribution & set them all right as to future duty. In some of the chhs, the appointed agents had neglected from mis­ understanding or some other cause to call on all the chh members — two thirds perhaps had not been solicited individually to become members of the Society. -righted by & by. But "perseve santia omnia potest." things will get Now for the results of the new system. 552 dollars is the amount of the contribution for 1847. About 40 dollars in cash c - & the remainder in clo t h ., Kapa - goats, fowls &c reckoned at the trading prices. About one half of this s u m has bee n given to the agents - or subpastors. The contributions for 1846 amounted to about 228 dollars — With regard to this system of benevolence, there are doubtless some who come into it without principle. Many subscribe & pay their subscription conscientiously & understandingly - & some give they know not why - or wherefore, only others give & they m ust too, or be thought meanly of, & doubtless there are some who regard what is given as a �Waimea Report 1848 burden if not a tax -- & would like to nestle down in the chh & do nothing - But after all there may be as much principle attached to the benevolent contributions of these Hawaiian chhs - as is attached to many other things that are done. How many go to meeting, or to their firms, shops - professional business - &c with little or no principle - & yet this is not regarded as a very strange thing. Why then should it be thot a very strange matter if a Hawaiian chances now & then to get into the chh - or into a benevolent Society with the ex-ercise of little or no principle. Besides the above contributions - the chhs have erected 3 meeting houses during the last 2 years & furnished them in whole or part with mats pulpits, & seats - & enclosed them in part with fences are engaged in building & repairing others - & have done something for the support of the poor amoung themselves. — III Temperance. There is a temperance Society in each of the 16 parishes in my field, or rather a Puali inuwai (Army of water drinkers) & not exactly this, for all drink water without exception, & who would object to belonging to a drinking water Society? perhaps be better — Another name would no matter however for the name of the thing sig­ nified is only rightly understood. As all intoxicating drinks are proscribed & punished by law as far as natives are concerned, there is no more necessity for temper­ ance Societies to keep the natives sober than there is for anti adul­ tery Societies to keep the natives chaste. But then there are other substances that are bad besides rum, brandy & awa — you well know is one of these — Tobacco as a not only intoxicating, but a filthy, breath & lung polluting, pastor/& chh defiling, health destroying, & money consuming substance, of w h nothing good can be said - & nothing too bad predicated — The law you are aware - leaves this article �23. Waimea Report 1848 untouched, regarding it, it might he wished, as too vulgar - too indecent, too vile & polluting - to be introduced into legislation — So like the 4th of July, at home, wh has come to be a day for celebra­ ting many other things besides Independence, leaving perhaps, that almost out of sight, the temperance Society, in my field at least, goes a little out of its original sphere - & lays hold of this hydra headed monster - younger brother or fit offspring of rum , tobacco - & is aiming, by the well directed thrusts of its barbed harpoons to inflict a mortal wound on some of its hideous heads. There are united in this effort some 3,000 temperance soldiers in my field including men & women children. We have temperance -meetings & anniversaries of our Temperance Societies - on wh occasions, not only tobacco speeches are made, but temperance songs are sung, & -temperance prayers offered, & temperance addresses delivered. — We take a general survey of the Temperance enterprize, of what has been done - & of what yet remains to be accomplished - We cast our eyes abroad over the foreign population of these Islands, & over other portions of the world, in order to look at & feel & pray for the vast multitides that are floating down the numerous streams of liquid poison towards the lake of liquid fire, into which they will soon disembogue, unless arrested by the strong arm of the Temperance Society. Connected with the temperance anniversaries are the usual accom­ paniments of festivals, processions, appropriate badges - waving banners &c. IV Civilization. Civilization in our field is like a picture, some parts of which are perfectly apparent at first sight - while to see other parts, their existence, resemblances to the original beauties &c you must look a long time -- So with civilization on our part of Hawaii - -while some things of a civilized aspect are perceptib le at a �Waimea Report 1848 24. single glance, to find other things of like aspect, you must visit it, look at it, look long, at different times, different circumstances. — in different places, & in If you should chance to see a man digging in a taro patch with nothing on hut a malo, & all covered with mud, y o u must not at once pronounce that man a savage. A minister may b e caught In a predicament little indicative of his ministeral character. You must see this man in other circumstances & places, see him especially in the meeting house - his malo has disappeared beneath a good suit of clothes. You must attend our temperance celebrations, where you can see both variety & uniformity, men, women & children, well clothes, hats, caps, bonnets, shoes & stockings, broadcloth coats, tight dresses silk shawls, gentlemen & ladies in procession, locked arm in arm, displaying their umbrellas, white gloves, flying banners &c. You must also attend the anniversary of our civilization Societies, listen to the speeches & dialogues on civil topics, & take a look at the festival tables, their furniture & their guests. Y o u must enter also some of the native houses, where you will find a decent seat, perhaps an american chair, a table, a chest, a tea kettle, iron pot, & frying pan - & if it should chance to be the proper time - you might see the husband - & perhaps the wife & children - all taking their meal a la America, & if you please you may join with them in their bowl of tea & dish of fried poi. By entering different houses, & visiting different places - you will see native taylors, & tayloresses, hat braiders, shoe makers of both sexes, saddle makers, carpenters, masons - sawyers - teemsters [!] et omne id genus. You will now & then see a coffee & a flower garden - herds of cattle horses, goats & sheep - cattle carrying burdens, instead of natives, a good road teeming with carts & oxen - all under native management natives riding to meeting & school on horseback. You will find 150 �25. Waimea Report 1848 families supplied with the native news/ p aper - & the newspaper generally paid for. Pay a visit to some of our day schools & singing schools - all under native superintendence — & finally visit, at the sound of the chh going bell - or of the shrill Hawaiian horn some of our meeting houses - & behold the well clad, the orderly & the attentive congre7 gation elevated on seats - all made by native hands. — Having seen all this, & other things of a moral & religious character, you can determine whether they indicate an advance towards civilization & Christianity or are more properly, the characteristics of a mere "humbug " . But then there is much room still for improvement. And an individual disposed to look only on the dark side, may find a powerfully magnifying pair of spectacles necessary to enable him to see any real marks of either domestic, Social, intellectual, or moral improvement around him, & if he himself is not a thorough going m is­ sionary - he may at length find himself longing for the beautiful villages & the religious & highly cultivated society of the land he has left - & after longing for awhile, with smothered feelings, & a frequent glance [?] at his sombre missionary field, he may at length start up no longer able to quiet the volcano within, & giving full vent to the feelings of his soul - exclaims, "pro cul hinc, pro cul inde, profani." V Romanism. This subject needs a short notice - allusion to it has al­ ready been made — years existence? What has it done in my field after a seven (?) It has drawn into its net some 400 souls - including men women & children, - 80 of whom have entered the last 2 years. It has 3 schools & 5 or 6 chapels. What is the character of these Romish proselytes? With the �W aimea Report 1848 26 . exception of the children, they are principally composed of apostates from the protestant chhs. But very few have embraced this religion who were at the time, members of the chh. _ They discover no disposi- tion to form Temperance or benevolence Societies— all such things was the grand bate [ ] ! Indeed freedom from held-out to catch them. often discover the want of even a common benevolence — They for instance some of their members have died, & would have been left to be buried without any furneral [!] services-had not some protestant been invited by the friends of the deceased to perform them. They are indeed a hardened set; & rendered still more hardened & hopeless by their connexion with the man of sin, from whose deadly grasp but now & then one is ever rescued. Some however have been rescued - & others - that now may seem the most hopeless - may be rescued - since with God — nothing is impossible, Tho' Romanists by name- & doubtless by nature A well entitled to the name - yet they must of course be generally ex­ tremely ignorant of what the name imports. They can tell you that they are popes, or Kopes - monekas &c - yet ignorant as a talking parrot, of the meaning of these terms. Meeting a catholic woman, once a member of my chh. I enquired what new name she had received by becoming a Kope as she expressed it. - She replied, mea, when being a little puzzled -a Kopish brother helped her out by adding moneka - oh - yes - a monk - he moneka wahine The Popish schools number some 60 or 70 pupils - who are taught to read - & thro’ the influence of the school superintendent to commit scripture to memory -- A little geography & arithmetic is also taught - but in these branches, with the present teachers, they can - make but little progress. — The catechism, prayers & forms of the Romish religion occupy a conspicuous place in the instruction given in these schools. Deluded - poisoned, ruined children - unless rescued �W aimea Report 1848 . 7 2 from their present thraldom. The catholic chapels - are mere native structures, mostly of an inferior order - destitute of all attractions, except a rude altar, the picture of a cross - & in one of them a candle - no - seats no bible, no hymn book — hollow - blank, sombre - betraying doubtless the character of the spirits that worship there - & giving them the appearance of being more the synagogues of Satan than the temples of God. But this young Babylon with its schools & chapels - must fall - & with it all the false religious, & heathenish relics, that are now polluting, poisoning & destroying the souls of men. That this result may soon be witnessed, & that he may still further aid in hastening the time is the constant desire & pervent prayer of your fellow missionary. VI Statistics Whole population of my field 4,600 " no. recd to the chh on exam - - - " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " the past 2 years on exam - - " " " " " " " " " 61 c e r t i f ----- 800 the last 2 years - - - ----- 88 1,200 the last 2 years Suspended " 95 150 " 200 " Remain suspended " 289 Deceased - - - - " " " certif - - - Dismissed to other chhs - - - - - - " " " 5,859 - - - - - - - 97 Excommunicated the last 2 years - - - Remain excom. of this number - - Whole no. excom - - - - - - - - - - - 210 say - - - Whole no, that remain excom - - - 470 of whom reside in other fields. 86 56 2,400 1,200 �28. Waimea Report 1848 Whole no. deceased of excom. & suspended members - - - 650 Restored the last 2 years of suspended & excommunicated members 400 Whole no. of chh members in reg. standing Whole no. children baptized - - - -- -- 2,182 -- 1,187 Baptized the last 2 years - - - - - 111 Marriages the last 2 years -- - - - 139 Average congregation on the sabbath - or rather the whole no. of adults & children in my field that attend meetings,& schools on the sabbath Protestants Catholics Whole no. of catholics - adults & children - - - - became catholics the past 2 years Contributions for benevolent objects Ministerial - Elderial - support) _ _ _ _ _ foreign missions & c ) Members of temperance Societies - - - say - " Monthly Benevolent [Societies] - " " Civilization Societies - - 250 400 80 No. who have forsaken the catholics - - - " 2,800 30 780.00 3,000 say — 1200 "-- 300 No. of houses furnished with bibles or testaments say or a bible or testament to nearly every house where there are readers - - 700 No. of Subscribers for the Elele Hawaiian ) for 1846. News/paper) " 1847 190 150 Received for the Elele - the last 2 years ) m os t l y in cash) " for hymn & school books for the last 2 years - - - " for Bibles & Testaments Meeting houses built " " & 2 or 3 repaired 4 $ 0.00 35.00 12.50 3 Whole no. deaths the last 2 years - in /46. 240; in / 4 7 . 274 514 " 202 " Births " " " " - - ----- �Waimea Report 1848 29. Protestant Schools - - - - - - - - - - - - 19 Teachers - - - - - 24 Pupils - - - - - - - 920 Catholic schools - - - - - - - 5 Teachers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Pupils - - - — Whole no. schools " " 5 80 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 24 Pupils 1,000 Readers - - - - - - - - 500 In Arithmetic - - - - - 250 In Geography - - - - - - - - - 260 Writers - - - - - - - - 400 — - Singers - - - - - - - 60 Pd to teachers the past year by govt - about Due to them now - say - Pd by Govt on school houses - - - - Lorenzo Lyons Missionary - - - - $ 1100.00 300.00 284.00 �Report of Waimea Station on Hawaii for 1848, 49 - prepared Mar 19 - 1849 Preliminary remarks The year to which this report relates contains several items of a peculiar character. 1 The year itself has been peculiarly short, both ends having been cut off by General meetings - the latter end by a general meeting of a peculiar kind. 2 The passage of myself & family from Honolulu to Kawaihae was pecu­ liarly pleasant - the kind vessel that bore us, allowing us to go ashore at the half way house - where in a peculiarly delightful bower, we. refreshed ourselves on such rich clusters of grapes as might well have vied with those borne by the Spies from the promised land — & thence I rode up to the seat of Science & took a view of the lately renovated Lahainaluna - & inhaled a little of its peculiarly delight­ ful atmosphere. 3. Our detention after anchorage, at Kawaihae was peculiarly long, & in some respects peculiarly provoking. oxen in our region for conveyances — We are dependent on cart & In this instance the carts & oxen being of course at W aimea - were sent for - & found at the proper place - but instead of starting off for us - they started off in a contrary direction - taking the messenger on, as passenger, who we supposed would hurry them off to our assistance. No harm done - only, after getting out of all manner of patience & eatables too, I set out, myself, for Waimea - to see what had become of the carts, & to procure something to eat - & returned the same day. We anchored sabbath morning, & reached home Thursday afternoon, the Hilo brethren, who were fellow passengers, having reached home some time before us. �2. Waimea Report 1849 4 The year has been peculiar for the frustration of plans. My first plan on reaching home was to make a tour thro' the field - notice was sent all over the field - the day for commencing arrived - & the bag­ gage men were on the ground — mine — but the Lord's plan was different from Our youngest child was in the midst of a raging fever & there remained some 9 days - while the parents watched over her with the most intense anxiety — I myself was also afflicted - first with a cold, then with a very sore throat, & finally with the rhumatism in my knee - that was quite painful & troublesome for three weeks — The Lord was however good & daughter & father were both restored - & missionary work began & went on — Other plans were frustrated — some of which with the first, were afterwards carried into effect while others vanished into the air wh e re they still remain -- "the baseless fabrick of a vision" 5 - The cold, storms, thunder & lightning of Waimea have been somewhat peculiar -- The mountains have been covered with snow & have now & then sent down their chilling blasts, to our no small discomfort. Again the deep rolling thunder threatened to shake down our dwellings 6 .The year has been peculiar for the judgements of God. Shall I stop to particularize while you already anticipate my remarks? I beg your indulgence for a moment. Yes, For about 3 months, God dis- played his righteous indignation amoung this people — H e seemed to put on his garments of vengeance & with a vial of wrath in his hand he came down to perform a part of his strange work - the work of destruction — The measles made their appearance in October — their character at first was mild - we had no great apprehensions of danger when on a sudden the death of an indivi(du)al was announced — solemn tolling of the bell proclaimed her departure — The & from that time the death bell was repeatedly sending its deep & solemn peels �3. Waimea Report 1849 t h r o ' the ears & to the hearts of our people. Its repeated peals at length alarmed some of the inhabitants - & led them to leave Waimea to get out of the way of its terrifying sounds. — "Makau au i k a bele - makau au i k e make" wahi a la kou - a holo aku — ( My time was all occupied in attending to the sick, the dying & the dead — Applications for medicine w ere made from all quarters - & fearing lest my supplies should fail, I kept my orders more flying in different directions - which being promptly answered enabled me to comply with every application — In no case was I obliged to say "na pau ka laau. " [no more medicine]. But th o ' m edicine, blessing of God, saved some, yea many - yet many died — had gone forth that they should be cut off. thro' the the decree Funerals thickened - sometimes there were 4 in a day - in Waimea only husbands & wives were buried in the same grave. In some instances The Lord made no dis­ tinction - the righteous & the wicked fell together - & the tomb showed no partiality - but drew them both to its dark & gloomy prison. One event happens to all -The measles - diarrhea - whooping cough & influenza - messengers of wrath - commissioned by the Almighty have made fearful havoc amoung my people & spread saddening desolation t h r o ' my field — Were all the deserted & desolate houses & lands gathered together in one place you might perhaps have a specimen of what Babylon became when "wild beasts of the desert inhabited her & her houses were full of doleful creatures, & owls dwelt there & Satyrs danced there." And were all the corpses of the fallen - congregated in one place what a frightful & lamentable spectacle ! - 600 corpses ! - & amoung them 204 of the spiritual children of the missionary! - some dear to his bosom - faithful helpers - men of prayer, men of God - ! - faith- �Waimea Report 1849 4. ful unto death - his joy & crown of rejoicing. But the little ones - who knew not their right hand from their left, were they not spared? No -- the relentless epidemic would not let them go — Of the 113 births in my field during the year - only 39 were living on my last tour — & most of those b orn in 1847 have fallen a prey to the sword of the destroying angel. But it is God's work - & we will b e silent. The epidemics came into my family - & seemed determined to b ear away our oldest daughter as a victim of their vengeance — The struggle was long & severe - & more than once, we supposed there was no hope we must yield - we must give her up - but the Lord fought for us & gave us the victory. — 7. But lastly the year has been peculiarly distinguished for God's mercy — Mercy has been mingled with judgment - With one hand God has visited the people in wrath - with the other in loving kindness. While, had his wrath been executed to the uttermost, he might in jus-tice, have swept the whole multitude away, his eye pitted, & his arm was stretched out to save — Temporal blessings & deliverances have been great - but those of a spiritual character have been still greater. When the angel of death had performed his appointed work & sheathed his sword for a season - then the angel having the everlasting gospel followed, & blowing his trumpet, sou m m o n e d the people to a somewhat different contest. 2 Schools. demics appeared. But more of this bye & bye — Schools were in successful operation till the epi­ After that they were all broken up, to give teachers & pupils an opportunity to learn something of the nature of measles & whooping cough — orably received. These new teachers & lessons were not very fav­ The old teachers murmured both on account of harsh treatment & more particularly on account of the quarter of a dollar's loss for each day they were in these new schools. The scholars looked �5. Waimea Report 1849 rather sad & sorry - & thought these new teachers punished them too severely & kept them too closely confined to their lessons. mit they must, there was no getting away. But sub­ There were no other schools to which they might go - where they would be treated with less sever­ ity - & no kind friends to take their part. But these new schools at length began to dwindle & finally dis­ appeared, & the old schools were resumed & glad enough were both teachers & scholars to get back again to their old places. In consequence of this long interruption - the schools could not be expected to have made much progress. advance - Yet there has been a little One school has committed some 8,000 verses of Scripture - & has advanced farther in written arithmetic than a t any other time. Indeed it is a little in advance of the teacher. The Schools however taken as a whole do not seem to be so promising as they once were. The teachers are losing their energy - & hence their schools do not embrace so many bright & promising pupils as at some former periods. I had a select examination in July, embracing the most advanced Scholars from all the Schools in my field. Out of the whole I could select but three to send to Hilo Boarding School, & they were not such as I wished to send — but sent them because I had no better. the select examination past ( !)off well — But still The teachers were examined at the same time - & of the 2 examinations the pupils bore off the palm. T h e teachers felt their deficiency - & proposed to have a teach­ ers ' school to bring back their forgotten knowledge & save their sink­ ing characters — The time for such a school was fixed on - but oh the measles - & other epidemics - prevented the accomplishment. Whole no protestant schools - — - - 21 Teachers - - - - - - - - - 29 Pupils - - - - - - - - - - 853 �6. Waimea Report 1849 Readers - - - -- - 400 Writers - - - - 285 In Arithmetic 366 In Geography Singers Catholic Schools T ___ e a - 172 - 60 - - - - - - - 2 chers 2 Pupils - - - 37 Readers - - - 15 Writers 11 Arithmetic 10 Geog - - - 0 s ingers - - - - - 0 Whole amt paid out by government to teachers For 1848 " old debts $982.53 424.58 1407.11 For School houses Singing Schools. $6.50 These exist in different parts of m y field -- some do well for awhile & then vanish into smoke - others hold on with the promise of accomplishing something. singers — I cannot say I have any good I n deed there does not appear to be soul enough in a Hawaiian to make a good, singer. Many can sing correctly, & have musical voices -- but the soul is not thrown into their music. Sabbath Schools. I have nothing new to say about them -- exist all over the field - embracing both children & adults -- They But they are not so well attended as they would be, had they better quali­ fied teachers & superintendents. �Waimea Report 1849 7. The Church or churches 1 The churches have been peculiarly free from offences that called for discipline -- The pastor has not been called to perform the pain­ ful duty of excommunication in a single instance, & the number sus­ pended is comparatively small — not averaging 3 in a hundred — In some churches there have been no suspensions at all. Revivals, . 2 I said "in the midst of wrath God had remembered mercy." While Zion was drooping - her walls giving away - her sons & her daughters falling on the right hand & on the left - & her watchmen weeping over her desolations - the Spirit was hovering over the ruins -& pr eposing (!) other materials to fill the vacancies made by the angel of death. As soon as God's avenging hand seemed to be removed, I commenced a tour thro' my field. The Lord had gone before me wit h his Spirit & accompanied me in all my labors. long — The tour was about 5 weeks In every place the Lord wrought by the all conquering energy of his Spirit — Impenitent sinners trembled - hardened souls, made ten fold harder by resistance thro' successive revivals, melted, & submitted — They found it in vain to offer further resistance - Apostates, who had for years presented their brasen ( ! ) fronts - & bid defiance to all the weapons used to reclaim them - who laught ed to scorn the good people of God who sought to reclaim their wandering steps & prided themselves on their successful obstinancy, came out of their fortified holds - threw away their former weapons of defense exclaiming it is of no use - we have fought against God long enough & long enough trampled under foot the blood of the Son of God — We will h old out no longer, we repent of our sins, & beg to be allowed to return to the fold of Christ. Amoung the reclaimed apostates - were some stiff necked catholics - leading members in the catholic �Waimea Report 1849 community — 8. It was a wonderful time - a time of God's power - a young Jubilee — All praise to him whose thots are not as our thots, whose ways are not as our ways - whose love is higher than heaven & deeper than hell. — Of the professed converts of this & a previous revival 96 have been received to the chh - & many put over for further trial. The number of apostates & fallen chh members who have been apparently reclaimed & restored to the privileges of the Church is 2 7 2 . This last revival has taken in most of the impenitent adults - & most of the apostates now in this field with the exception of the seemingly hopeless remnant of catholics. 3. Benevolence benevolence — - The churches have done something in the line of they have contributed some of their substance for the spiritual improvement of their fellow men. intelligently, How willingly, or or feelingly they have done it is another thing. If I knew their contributions flowed from a right motive - & were the results of what is termed christian principle - I should take a great deal more pleasure in acknowledging them. But I have had opportunity enough to learn what kind of an estimate to put on native benevolence. And I fear that most of the contributions prompted by it are far from being acceptable offerings in the sight of God. The native chh mem­ bers have piety, true piety - but it is not of a sufficiently enlight­ ened character-to constitute a spring of expansive & intelligent ben­ evolence -- It is not Anglo Saxon piety, but Hawaiian piety. Hence the chhs are not yet prepared to be called upon to support their missionaries. They can be induced to support them in whole or in part, by being constantly & sharply poipoied [poipoi, to urge] - but it will not be an intelligent support, & to rest on this support would be like sleeping on a b e d of thorns. I tried it one year & found it �Waimea Report 1849 9. intolerable, t h o ' the amount contributed by this church was but a small part of my support. Since that time I have appropriated their contri­ butions to other objects rather than to my support, & wish the privi­ lege of persuing [!] this course - till the way seems clear for chang­ ing it. All my efforts to lead the churches to a course of systematic benevolence-have thus far failed - But then something has been obtainedThe contributions for 1848 amount to $357.88 which is 194 dollars less t than it was for 1847 - Of this am't $34.75/100 is cash - the remain­ der consists in cloth - shirts, pants - coats - jackets - cattle, goats, sheep, ducks, hens - growing kalo, kapa, olona, salt, fish, & what not — How were these contributions obtained? calabashes, One hundred dollars was obtained in the valley of Waipio by the strenuous & per­ severing efforts of the native subpastor. Most of the remainder was obtained by myself on my last tour when I called upon the chh members, collectively & indivually in every parish to bring forward their kokua i ko na aina e &c - Two opportunities were allowed at each place for contributing - two appeals made to their benevolent feelings one at the meeting for Temperance, civilization & benevolent objects, the other at the communion season — Many had given nothing during the year & did not intend to give now, & would have given nothing, had not I appealed to them individually - & loudly. nothing to give, They said they had But look around you, think up something, I suppose you have paid your dog & cat tax, can you find nothing for the Lord? What I live all the year on God' s bounty, & give nothing to him? - an exhorter in the church - often exhorting others to give & give nothing yourself? Come, hunt up something for God's Kingdom goat - a hog, - kapa - any thing you may have on hand. -- a hen - a The Lord may be very angry with you, if you give him nothing, & take away all you �10. Waimea Report 1849 have, & your life also," &c -- Well in this way, I induced some to wake up - & cry out, I'll give - some one thing, & some another. In Waimea the church members had made a very paltry contribution, I told them I was not satisfied with what they h ad done — & I was afraid I should never climb over all those monstrous palis again in the rain to see them if they couldn't make out a larger kokua than this all comes to" - so -after that, I obtained a duck, and 4 or 5 dolls worth of growing Kalo, the former of wh I left running, & the latter growing forward with a sixpence & others with a whole cent, Some came supposing it to be something very valuable, & this for a whole year's offering to the Lord. The 34 dolls. is all the cash that the churches have been able or disposed to raise for benevolent objects during the y e a r 1848. This I have taken into my possession & shall remit it to some benevolent Society. The articles that have been contributed I have reckoned at A the Waimea trading prices — The greater part, I have given to the subpastors — of the dift. churches — The part that I retain - I shall sell, if I can, & when disposed of, the am't will be appropriated in the same way as the c ash above mentioned. So of the 550 dolls contri­ buted in 1847 - one half was given to the subpastors — the half retained by me - ie the trade part, has been sold in part, the avails of w h , added to the cash part, amounted to 70 dolls - which has been transmitted to 2 benevolent Societies in America — I can plead for others with a better face than I can for myself -- And the natives who plead the cause of benevolence like to be able to say, "Aole no Laiana keia kokua aole ona makemake e kokua oukou ia ia &c" ( ) Temperance. The cause of Temperance was never more flourishing - It embraces the whole population, men - wo m e n & children — cating liquors find no quarters in my field -few advocates or consumers — Intoxi- And tobacco-has but Temp e r a n ce & Anti tobacco celebrations �11. Waimea Report 1849 have been observed with the usual festivities - Nothing ne w to add - on this point — Civilization - is on the march — The late festivals showed pro­ gress -- more tables, better furnished - more order - & quietness yet confusion & bedlam enough left to craze a nervous person — Tables serve more purposes than one — In one instance, on a A late tour I was obliged to occupy one,for 3 nights as a bedstead, in order to avoid the attacks of fleas — Another characteristic of civilization is the greatly improved state of the roads in some parts of my field — Palis have been lev­ el eled, & valleys filled up - & rough places made smooth, & steep places made passable — Travelers can now descend & ascend Waipio pali on mules & horses - & cattle carry burdens up & down the same instead of the backs of natives. The palis of Upper Hamakua you can travel over without fatigue. But oh, that dreadful mahiki [place where tall grass grows] it has returned to its former sloughy state — has become worse than the first. I was called to pass thro' it, on my first tour after general meeting — ing in torrents, ble. Indeed its last state Above, the rain was descend­ below was mud, mud, mud — a real slough - like Plia­ I began to wish myself out, looked back, but there I was, in the midst of the slough — It is of no use to go back — the mud, I plodded on as well I could -- so plunging into & finally came out on the right side safe & sound. — Some of the native houses have improved in character - & internal comforts — One native is determined to have a nice stone house — all finished off in style, if he lives long enough — The natives in Waipio are trying to build a stone meeting house — �12. W a i mea R e p o r t 1849 H o r s e s & cattle & sheep & g o a t s are m u l t i p l y i n g & f i l l i n g the l a n d --A s m a l l ve s s e l h a s b e e n b u i l t has made one trip to H o n o l u l u -- o wner s a w i t l a u n c h e d & d i e d -- at K a w a i h a e owned b y n a t i v e s It is c a l l e d Pailaka — — It The first Some o f the natives t h i n k t h e y are c i v i l i z e d eno u g h & h a v e m o n e y e n o u g h to g o to C a l i f o r n i a i n s e a r c h of Gold. Relics of h e a t h e n i s m . S ome of the n a t i v e s w i l l s till eat lice - fleas, & dog s th e l a t t e r as w e l l or b e t t e r t h a n they do t h e i r children. a w o m a n h a d a p a i r o f dogs — you ever saw -- induce h e r to wa s one insta n c e the m e a n e s t , & f i e r c e s t l o o k i n g things give them up — should In She w a s very m u c h a t t a c h e d to t h e m - & n o t h i n g could e q u a l l y strong. nothing - & treat The attachment on th e p a r t of the dogs There s e e m e d to h a v e b e e n a t acit a g r e e m e n t that separate t h e m - n o t even death. The w o m a n w a s taken sick & w h i l e s i c k s e e m ed to t h i n k more of her dog s t h a n of he r God. approached, & in her dying s t r uggles b u r i e d w i t h her. S h e died, & she o r d e r e d that h e r d o g s the dogs r e f u s e d to l eave h e r Death should be they w e r e k i l l e d & dogs & K a h u w e r e d e p o s i t e d i n t h e same grave. On a late tour — - I came to a h o u s e whe r e I w a s & looking r o u n d for the h i k i e e demolished. - Oh, an old m a n we s h o u l d all d i e if that h i k i e e w a s n o t p u l l e d T w o have a l r e a d y died, & the r e s t w i l l die s o o n if t h a t remains. Why, w hat is t h e m a t t e r w i t h the h i k i e e ? longs bed stead) f o u n d it h a d b e e n "Why h a v e y o u p u l l e d d o w n m y b e d stead?" came along & told us down. (native a c c u s t o m e d to put up only to a chief's house, to th e other. "E w a w a h i koke, that b e - as i t extends f r o m one en d of the h o u s e o pau o u k o u i k a m a k e " h i k i e e - n o n a lii w a l e n o ia"__ The r e m o n s t a t e - b u t it w a s O , it is a h i k i e e of no u s e - K a p u loa k e i a poor m a n of t h e h o u s e a t t e m p t e d to - the h i k i e e m u s t come d o w n - & d o w n �W aimea Report 1849 13. it c a m e . Two men are now in prison awaiting their doom, whatever it may "be -- they have been tried & proved guilty - the one for procuring the other to anaana-or pray to death some individuals who he suspected had stolen & eaten his hog — & the other for consenting to do the said deed. Popery. I have already reported the popish schools in my field — learn fr that what they are. 2 schools - 37 pupils -- you Somehow or other the soil of this part of Hawaii - does not seem to be very well fitted for the growth of popery. The priests however, keep on digging, & plant­ ing & watering, & trying to make it productive. During the prevalence of the late epidemics they were very zealous in their efforts to gain proselytes & to save the souls of men. They went round from house to house - endeavoring to persuade the sick & dying to be bapatemaed [!] (baptized) in order to be saved — A man will give almost anything for his life, so a few natives ignorantly consented to be baptemaed [!]- most of whom died, but some recovered - but did not attribute their recovery to the power of the priests - baptism — nor would they be regarded as having become catholics — Statistics for April 1849 R e cd on examination the past year Whole no. recd on exam Dismissed the past year 96 5,955 12 Whole no. dis'd 812 Died - the past year 264 Whole no. deceased Excluded the past year 1464 51 �Waimea Report 1849 Remain excluded Whole no. in regular standing Children baptized the past year Whole no. child baptized Marriages the past year Average congregation 800 2,292 39 1226 62 200 Average n o . who attend meeting in the field 2,500 Respectfully Submitted Lorenzo Lyons �Report of Waimea Station on Hawaii, for 1850 The several a i m s which an annual station report generally embraces will be stated as briefly as the nature & circumstances of the case will allow. 1 I begin, as is the custom, with, Health of the missiony family. were visited with sickness. I was on a tour. In the early part of the year, we One member of the family was first attacked. A messenger was despatched ( !) for me. stance in 19 years, of a messenger's being sent to hasten me home in consequence of family sickness. In this case application was made to our physician at Hilo, for medical prescriptions. returned, The first in­ the patient was quite convalescent. But ere the messenger In the mean time the other members of the family, myself excepted had been sick, Mrs. L dangerous­ ly so & might not have survived, had the good man of the house not been at home. But the Lord was good, the health of all was in time restored, & the usual avocations resumed. At a later period my own health was impaired, & serious consequences, apprehended. A messenger was at length, despatched [!] to Hilo for medical aid. Prescriptions & medicines were kindly sent for my benefit. But the goodness of the Lord was again displayed, and I am happy to say, that on the return of the messenger there was no occasion for using the medicines. My health was quite re­ stored, & I was making preparations to perform the tour which my illness had required me to defer. With these exceptions we have all enjoyed comfortable health, subject however to occasional ailments & have been permitted to prosecute our labors with a good degree of systematic regularity. 2. Health of the people. For 2 or 3 months after the commencement of the year, the influenza was quite prevalent, & some fell victims to its severity. Since its disappearance there has been no general epidemic amoung the people, unless that disease be called an epidemic that is found in so many families, & is gradually consuming not a few of both �Waimea Report 1850 2. sexes, & with the name & nature of which you are all familiar. The num­ ber of deaths has been considerable, being not far from 260, while the number of births has been but 76. Amoung the deceased were 4 foreigners, one of whom, tho' once infidel in sentiment, yet previous to his death expressed a hope of salvation, thro ' repentance & faith in the Lord Jesus Christ. Another, when near death sent for the missionary, for what purpose I could not tell. The missionary found him/ e arnestly long­ ing for death, in order to get out of torment, while a greater torment evidently/awaited him. After conversation & prayer, the poor dying man in his ignorant simplicity, inquired how much he was to pay the missionary for his services, but asked pardon as soon as he learned his mistake. Of the 3d foreigner I have nothing in pe rticular to say. by the name of butcher rant. He went ( ! ), was a very honest man, & withal very igno­ The minister recollects that, when he married him some 18 years ago, he advised him to take good care of his wife, treat her well &c — "Oh S artenly” he replied, "I ’ll look out for that. I've got plenty grub & rum to treat her with." The 4th foreigner was called by the natives an Indian. He was an almost perfectly freindless (!) man, & died doubtless, as he had lived, ignorant of God & salvation. Health of 1851. This year thus far has been distinguished for health. Cases of sickness have been rare, & death has found but here & there a victim, but one victim to my knowledge in all Waimea. The number of births has exceeded the number of deaths, a great wonder in our part of the world. 3. The tables may be turning. Public Schools. It does not properly belong to me to report on this, yet you may all wish to know something about them. For some months in the former part of the year '50, the schools were discontinued, in order to allow funds to accumulate & afford time for erecting & �Waimea Report 1850 furnishing school houses. 3. Many of the school edifices ha d been pros­ trated by the wind, & nearly all that remained were fit for any thing else but for school houses. Thro' the long applied energy of the school inspector, lumber had been obtained for seats, desks, tables doors &c, but it was still in the mountains, by the pit where it was sawn. Schools being dismissed, after awhile, the Kahu & missionary together, succeed­ ed in starting off the teachers, trustees, parents & children after the lumber. In time this was all brot from the mountains to the different school houses, even to the most remote, that had not been destroyed by the wind. Most of the carriers were however, well paid for their work. Meanwhile the fallen school houses were rebuilt. respite. start. Enough had been done for once. A desperate long breath -- Then followed a long Breathe awhile & take a new then nails & tools, that had been waiting along (!) time for use, were applied for — & set to work -- carpenters procured & after awhile a few tables, desks, seats &c made their appearance in virtue of a good sound compensation. Some of the school houses, being furnished, & others partly furnished. Schools were re­ opened in them by their respective teachers, while a little more time was allowed for the remainder to be fitted up in a similar manner. But the summer was passing away, & the harvest being ended, & the remaining school houses were not furnished, & gaining nothing by delay, schools recommenced in them in all the dirt & uncomfortableness in which they closed, & there some of them are still, while the others have tumbled down, & compelled both teachers & pupils to retire until rebuilt. Mean­ while those furnished & partly furnished are following the example of the latter, & thus all seem destined to the same destruction. however, may think it ought to be excepted. One house It stands in the centre of Hamakua, is a framed building, has a koa board floor, & is well furnished. It obtained a premium of 10 dollars as being the best school house in the whole field built by natives. But poor thing, it is of no use for �Waimea Report 1850 it to boast. 4. It Is obliged to be propt up on all sides to keep it from being blown over. I fear the next strong Kona will reduce it to a level with its fallen fellows. But enough about school houses, you perceive something has been done; an advance has been made, both forwards & backwards. School books &c. What these are you all know. With such as there are, our schools are pretty well furnished - the bible excepted. With this, at least with the New testament the schools once were well supplied, But it is not so now. W h ile 2 or 3 schools have a pretty good supply, the remainder are deplorably destitute. You will find however in every school house portions of the scriptures, a bible, a 1 st & 2d volume, a new testament or two, but generally in a tor n , tattered, defaced m u ­ tilated condition. The disposition to purchase a book & pay for It at once, & in money too, is somewhat on the increase, but to increase it still more, new & attractive books must be introduced. The inquiry is sometimes made, for a book that has never before made its appearance. Ahea hiki mai ka palapala hou? ( Progress in knowledge. in writing. ) Some progress has been made in reading, & some The number of writers would have been greater, had there been a greater supply of slates. Most of the slates now in use, are the property of the grandfathers & fathers of the children - & used by them at the time when adult schools were in operation. As they dis­ appear but few new ones are purchased to take their places. As to writing on paper, that has not yet been introduced except in the station school. Not for want of quills ink & paper & desks to write on. Indo­ lence on the part of the teacher & his want of skill in making pens, are - probably some of the reasons. Progress in arithmetic, is not very per­ c e p t i b l e t h o ' it is as great as could be expected. make up a new interest in the study. A new arithmetic might �Waimea Report 1850 5. As to Geography - there has been no progress made in that for want of Atlasses. How shall this want be supplied? Moral philosophy has been introduced into some of the schools, but that is too great a book for a thotless Hawaiian common school, such at least as there are in my field. Promising pupils, candidates for entrance for Hilo Boarding school. I fear but very few can be found. School w o r k . Some few schools devote a portion of time to the cultivation of the soil. But this plan has not been generally introduced. are opposed to their children's working. Parents In one district the parents were for removing their teacher, because he made their children work, half of the time. They finally became reconciled to this. But when the avails of the work were divided amoung the pupils, the parents raised another cry of dissatisfaction - & nothing will please them, but the expulsion of the teacher. Teachers. past. The character of the teachers is about as it has been in years No particular improvement is perceptible. In my report on teachers, 3 years ago, I gave some the character of patriarchs, veterans, engaged in teaching, when I entered the field, & teaching on still. number in 1850 were called to rest from their labors. & devoted teachers. Two of this They were faithful They also held the office of superintending elders or sub pa stors, & one had just received his appointment as treasurer of the school property of Hamakua. was also in contemplation. His ordination to the gospel ministry But the Lord summoned him suddenly, from this to a higher sphere of action. He was much beloved by all who knew him, & tears & wailings showed that his death was deeply lamented. His children, with one exception, had one after another hadpreviously died, the wife & the mother, followed, & last of all the husband & the father, leaving the lone orphan to the care of others. Their house had for many - years afforded me a resting place on my tours . But it is no w left deso­ �Waimea Report 1850 6. late, tho' a resting place still. Other resting places have been made desolate, one especially where parents children & grandchildren have all been swept away by death, yet the desolation is not so much felt, as in the house of Beniamina Waiheawe. Good & holy man, would there were more like him. School Inspectors. As my field now consists of two distinct government districts, we have two school Inspectors, two magistrates, one acting one at present) & two tax collectors. (tho' but The School Inspectors are not what they should be, & may not long be what they are. But then they should be commended for what good they have done & are still doing. They were both teachers, & one is a teacher still. But the conscience of the other would not allow hi m to continue as teacher, & receive half the wages while the one who received the other half did all the teaching. His conscience however seemed to give him no uneasiness till after some disapprobation of this course had been intimated. School f u n d s . In the district of Hamakua - the funds are sufficient for the present for supporting the teachers & allow something for school houses. In the district of South Kohala - there is a deficiency in the school fund, & hence schools are discontinued for a while, till funds are sufficient to warrant their reorganization. The deficiency is to be attributed in part to the diminution of population. Decrease of pupils. While the schools in Hamakua retain about the same number from year to year, showing however, a gradual diminution, those in South Kohala exhibit such a decrease of pupils that some of them it is to be feared will soon lose their claim to the government property, the number of pupils falling below 15. fact in relation to the station school. school This seems to be the The 2d quarter of the year commenced with only eleven scholars, & the trustee & teacher say, that the number 15 cannot be mustered. But what is the matter? Are there �Waimea Report 1850 7. no children in Waimea? Not a very large number - & of the more advanced ones, the various animal tribes &c. are more successful in getting them than the schools. Sabbath Schools. schools. No very interesting account can be given of Sabbath They exist all over the field embracing both children & adults, tho' many of both classes who should be in the sabbath school, are not found there. Children, The adults attend to the Ai O ka la, & Ui ekalesia. The that i , some of them commit to memory the Ai o ka la, other s portions of scripture, the catechism & hymn book. These constitute the whole of what may be called the Hawaiian Sabbath school Library. In America a sabbath school, can hardly be started, much less, kept in operation, without an attractive library. But on the Sandwich Islands it is believed this can be accomplished without such a library. And is not this belief supposed to be substantiated by the fact, that sabbath schools exist all over the Islands; that they do not become extinct from the want of the attractive library. Inference, Hawaiian children have the preeminence, in the sabbath school going disposition, over American Children. Sabbath School monthly concert. On the 2d monday pm. in the month this concert has been held in Waimea & in some other parts of the field. concert has consisted of 2 parts. The In t h e first part, the children r e ­ cite the catechism, scripture, hymns &c committed to memory during the month, sing & listen to an exhortation. 2d part follows, They are then dismissed & the which is composed of teachers, trustees & parents. Consultation, prayer for schools of all descriptions on the Islands constitute the exercises. But parents as a general thing take but little interest in this concert, & the 2 d part will probably be given up. Singing Schools. Singing Schools have been in operation in different parts of the field, conducted by native masters. Some progress has been �Waimea Report 1850 made. 8 Some old tunes have disappeared & new ones taken their places. Some of the teachers manifest a particular partiality for chanting, & this has been introduced into some of the congregations. The most distinguished singing school is in Waipio taught by a graduate of Lahainaluna. It is not however now in operation, the teacher having been chosen as representative for Hamakua - & has taken his seat in the lower house of the Legislature. Law School. When the new criminal code of laws made its appearance in the Elele, a school for explaining it was opened for all who wished to attend. The school was not very numerously attended. The new coined terms, Karaima, ofeni, feloni, mika dimina &c were probably regarded as beyond the comprehension of the multitude & the formidable penalties of from 100 to 1000 dollars & of from 5 to 20 years of imprisonment at hard labor, were doubtless looked upon as either too frightful or not applicable to Hawaiians. So the majority concluded to remain in ignorance, & persue their wonted course, leaving exper­ ience to teach them the character of the new code. Some however thot it wiser to get some of the theoretical knowledge of the law in order to avoid the experimental past. school while It continued. Hence they held on to the Besides as the law appeared, a chapter at a time in the Elele without the signature of the King, It was reported that it had no validity, it had not yet been passed, it was only proposed for consideration, it was not to be enforced till September 51. Tho it actually went into force S e p t . 1850, the people did not see the last chapter of the law, the time to be enforced & the signature of the King & Premier till F e b . 51. Meetings. Meetings have been continued on the sabbath & on week days without much variation from former times. At the outstations the �Waimea Report 1850 9. attendance at public worship on the sabbath is reported as verygeneral. bly. Most of the inhabitants are found in the worshipping assem­ At the station the attendance is very various, depending very much on the state of the weather. On a pleasant sabbath the pastor is cheered as he enters the house of God & finds a good congregation. On other sabbaths he preaches sometimes to but a handful of people. The congregation however at Waimea is constantly diminishing, & the meeting house with its nice koa ceiling will be allowed I fear to go to destruction. Concerts. Concerts of prayer for the world, for Bible & tract Socie- -ties, for Seamen, & for Slaves, are observed on the different sabbaths in the month - after the morning service, & concerts of prayer for Temperance & Peace Societies &c have been held on different Wednesdays pm--- The latter however have not been very fully or regularly atten­ ded especially at the outstations — Quarterly meetings. Chh m eetings for exercises preparitory to com- munion & for contributions have been held quarterly at Waimea, & are generally well attended. Annual meetings. We have an annual meeting of the superintending elders or subpastors & deacons held in Waipio, for reading & hearing reports, skeletons of sermons - addresses, & for consultation on various subjects & on plans of benevolence &c for the coming year -There is no very great display of talent or eloquence on such occasion But some of the skeletons show some ingenuity while others furnish what might be called amusement. (What is your 1st head I inquired of one who seemed to have a headless skeleton? soon, & went to looking for it in the bible.) Oh, I'll find it �Waimea Report 1850 The Church. 10. The Church or churches, in my field have not been in all respects what they should be. other Hawaiian churches. Yet I suppose they are very much like There have bee n some cases of discipline, not so many however as in former years. The number would doubtless have be e n much greater, had the truth all been known. But we must take things as they are, & form our decisions from outward appearances & leave secret things to God. Tho’ there has been n othing that could be called a revival, yet we have not been left without evidence of G o d ’s favor, & of the Spirit’s influences. On several parishes the Spirit has distilled in gentle dew drops, & led some to seek the pearl of great price. The parishes that have participated most largely in the Spirits operations, & felt most powerfully the Spirits reviving influences, are Waipio, Waimanu, Kawaihae uka & Kawela. The whole number added to the different churches on profession, is 82, many of whom are in the bloom of youth. Some 60 wanderers, fallen chh. members, apostates have professedly returned to the shepherd & Bishop of their Souls, amoung ( !), whom some catholics may be reckoned. Some 30 members from other chhs have united with ours. additions. But then there h a v e been subtractions. Such are the 93 members have been dismissed to other churches - 27 have been excluded from the pale of the visible chh. & 134 have deceased. Of the latter, some doubtless found no entrance into the chh triumphant, while others received a joyful welcome, & now form a part of the heavenly throng. Whole number in the chh. Jan. 1 1850, 2,114. Some 2 or 300 of these are residing in other fields, but have not to my knowledge united with other chhs. Of their character I am unable to speak. Of those re­ siding in my field, many are doubtless enrolled in the book of life, while many I fear will wait in vain at the Judgement to hear their �Waimea Report 1850 11 names called from that book — of most chhs. The same doubtless may be affirmed For while many are called, & even called chh members, but f e w are chosen. But the chosen ones will all be saved. Not one will be lost. Benevolence. I am able to give a somewhat favorable report on this subject in referen[ce] to 1850. At the commencement of the year, several meeting houses were in ruins, the effect of a violent Kona, others were badly injured. Sad & desolate scenes presented themselves to the eyes of the missionary & of the chh going people. This por­ tion of the chh has not looked on & wept merely, or remained inactive. But they have put on their armor & girded themselves for the work before them, & thro' their efforts, some of the fallen chhs have been rebuilt, & the injured ones repaired, and something has been done towards rebuilding the remaining fallen chh edifices. The great difficulty is that when repaired or rebuilt, they do not long remain so. The next Kona that comes along may overthrow all the repairs & the rebuilding & call for another exercise of benevolent effort. Hence rebuilding & repairing meeting house benevolence is not likely to stagnate. At the annual meeting of the pastor & elders in Waipio in Feb. 1850, a plan of systematic benevolence was proposed & resolved on, both in reference to foreign objects & the support of the ministry at home. In 1846 an effort was made to induce the people to do some­ thing towards the support of their pastor. success. But the effort failed of The proper time for making such an effort had not come - t h o ’ some may contend that it ha d come 10 years before. The sum obtained was so small - that the pastor gave up or gave out & resolved he would make no further efforts of this character. He changed his �Waimea Report 1850 12 mind however, & concluded to make an other [!] trial in 1850. The plan resolved one, was a follows, the chhs were to contribute at the monthly concert whatever they chose for foreign purposes, & all who wished to aid in supporting their pastor, should signify it by sub­ scribing their names on paper with the sum of 1 dollar & upwards af­ fixed, to be paid at the close of the year. Such was the plan. But in the course of a few months it was varied. Perceiving, as I might have anticipated, that on this plan, at the outstations es7 pecially, where native agency alone is employed, comparatively nothing would be obtained at the monthly concerts - the majority seem so unwilling to perform an act of benevolence unless In the presence of the missionary - or so fearful perhaps that if a benevolent contribu­ tion is committed to the care of one of their own number, It will never reach the missionary; perceiving also that but few had sub­ scribed towards the support of their pastor, & fearing that many who had subscribed did not probably intend or would not probably be able to pay their subscription, I gave up the adopted plan - & gave out notice that contributions for foreign lands would be taken only when I made a tour, & that I would receive them personally. was in July. My first tour At each parish, all the chh members were called on by name to bring forward their contribution for Ka na aina a [ob taining a living] . If they had brot nothing with them, perhaps they had something at home which they could give. If so they might state what & how much & bring it to me before I left the place. Some listened to the call of their names & brot forward their contribution, some in money & some in cloth. Some who came empty handed, thot of some­ thing they had at home, & in time placed it in my hands. cloth contributed was exchanged for money. Most of the While many gave something, �Waimea Report 1850 13. & some gave liberally, many gave nothing, either from poverty or want of will. worthy. The sum obtained was quite encouraging & praise On my next tour, which was in October, a similar course was persuied [!], but thesum obtained was much less. I then gave notice that on my next tour which would be the last in the year, the contributions would be for Ko Hawaii nei, ie for the Kahuna pule [pastor] , & would be on this wise; Children would be expected to contribute from 6 to 25 cents, women from 25 cents to a dollar & men from a dollar & upwards; that any thing short of this in the contributions of the different parties would be appropriated to Ko na aine a . The last tour came, & with it the time for receiving the minister’s contribution. modum operandi. But allow me to relate the whole On the last tour in the year, it is our custom, as you are all aware, to have an ahaaina puali inu wai, or temperance festival in each of the parishes in our field. A new years, or public festival, would perhaps be a more appropriate name, as all who have a disposition unite in it. Adults & children assemble together. The latter repeat portions of scripture, catechism, hymns, temperance songs, &c committed to memory. The former make speeches on temper­ ance, tobacco, civilization, education, benevolence - carry on a dialogue occasionally, recite some incidents of scriptural history, &c. The exercises of both are interspersed with singing & prayer. It was at the close of the exercises that the ministerial contribution was brot forward by men women & children & placed in the pastor’s hands, wi t h the exception however of a quadruped in the shape of a heifer, that was obliged t o be left in the field. In some places, the roll was called & contributions brot forward at the call of the contributor's name. In other places a hat was carried about & pre- �Waimea Report 1850 14. sented to each individual for his or her donation. In one place a violent & protracted shower came down on the congregation assembled out doors for the want of a commodious house, & produced great con­ fusion, preventing both the call of the roll & the carrying about of the hat, & compelling the pastor to get his contribution as best he could. A very gratifying part of the scene was the sight of the children especially the smaller ones, of some who know not their right hand from the left, coming forward, borne up in some instances by their parents, & raising their tiny hands above the heads of the crowd, in which glittered a bright l/2 dime or dime - the kama's kokua [the children’s gifts] presented more joyfully & heartily than that of some of maturer years. Where the contribution was less than the sum proposed it was added tho not with much exactness to the foreign fund. This sum was however comparatively small. The great­ est amount contributed by one individual was 12 dollars, all in gold. But you are anxiously waiting to hear the conclusion of the whole matter, & wonder whether the recital of the whole sum obtained will create a joy that will compensate for the patience exercised in list _tening to this long rigmarole about the modus of obtaining it. Well here it is $364.49, for the pastor's support -$336.81 for foreign lands, total $701.30 cash value. liberality, I need not speak. Of the motives that prompted this Some were doubtless good, & some bad, & in some cases there was probably an absence of all motive. But men act in the same way respecting other matters, & they might as well perhaps give some of their substance to the Lord, & to their minister with good, bad or no motive, as to bestow it on other objects in the same manner. Tho' we well know that nothing but a good motive can render an act acceptable in the sight of God. �Waimea Report 1850 15. But how have these contributions been disposed of? Those for the pastor's support will of course be returned to the Depository. The contributions for foreign lands, have been appropriated as fol­ lows : To the A m . Board - - - - - - - - - - - - - " " $203.00 Am. Foreign & Christian Union to constitute the pastor a Life Member 30.00 20.00 " " Am Sunday School Union - - - - - " " Mass. Sab- School School [!] Society ) Am Tract Society ) Am Home Miss. Society ) Am Seamen’s Friend Society ) Am Peace Society ) Am Bible Society Am Education Society ) ) 1 0 dolls each 7 0 .00 There is a balance in the treasury yet unappropriated. Quite an enlightened & universal benevolence you say - Yes. Yet we have not reached that height of benevolence which some of the Stations have reached. We cannot speak of having constituted any King or prince an honorary member of the Am Board. example of others, w e may do this hereafter. But stimulated by the The Station that has done it is worthy of all praise. After listening to the liberality of the chhs in my field towards supporting their pastor, 364 dollars, as much as many pastors in America receive for their whole annual support, you may be disposed to think it the pastor's duty to ask for a release from the Board, on the 7th resolution & look to the people for his support. pastor is not yet prepared for taking such a step. But the He has no lands to fall back upon in case of necessity, nor has he any funds for purchasing lands - Besides, wit h a salary of 600 dollars from the Board the pastor, at the close of the year finds himself 360 dollars �Waimea Report 1850 16. in debt. Tho' a cheering report on the benevolence of 1850 has been given it is not certain that 1851 will furnish a report on this subject of the same encouraging character. With a view or rather hope of increasing the amount contributed for the pastors support for the current year - it was proposed that contributions be quarterly, the same as those for foreign purposes. The 1st quarter of the year shows the sum of $50.80 for the former & $47.80 for the latter object. The people complain of famine, & of poverty as a necessary result Temperance. Of Temperance celebrations I have already spoken. These are annual & confined to natives t h o ' now & then a foreigner is among the spectators. is ever flourishing. With the natives the cause of Temperance They are all professedly teetotallers. Oc ­ casionally however a Hawaiian is found intoxicated on Awa or on rum or ale stolen or otherwise obtained from foreigners. In one case the guilty or rather drunken ones were fined, in another case, the guilty party was advised by the magistrate when brot before him on trial, to repent before the constable who apprehended hi m & thus escape punishment; advise [ ! ] of course most readily accepted. why such advise? But perhaps the magistrate feared if he inflicted punish­ ment, the retort, "physician heal thyself." As to temperance among foreigners - there are some professedly teetotallers, some moderate drinkers, some non drinkers, but opposed to temperance Societies - & others still who drink most immoderately when an opportunity is furnished & this is quite often. I am sorry to say - large quantities of ale & of the fiery liquid or liquid fire, have been introduced the past year into the previously quiet �Waimea Report 1850 and sober Waimea. 17. Some went to such lengths in drunkenness that, ashamed of their folly & besottedness, they have resolved, as they have often resolved before, that they will have nothing more to do with the fiery & poisonous element. Tours. Of these I have made 18 large & small, long & Short, east & west, & between & one by proxy Catholicism. Nothing of any special interest can be said in refere- [ence] to the Romish Religion. priest. In our field there is no resident An occasional visit from a priest of a n e i g h b o r i n g district is all the catholic disciples enjoy, & some affirm that this is all they need. Once told what to do, they are so obedient & re m ember it so well, that a repetition is not for a long time required. Yet, during the absence of their priest, they forget to assemble together for divine worship. The whole number of catholics in our region is not far from 300. - While there has been a diminution from removals, death, & apostacy, the additions have not supplied the vacancies. I know of but one convert in Waimea for 1850 & she is as yet only a catechnumen. There has been one catholic school containing 15 pupils. A priest lately visited our part of Hawaii to hunt up the wandering disciples & revive the extinct schools. He came in contact with a graduate of Lahaina luna who was without employment, converted & engaged him as he supposed to teach a catholic school. While boasting in one place of having secured a graduate from Lahainaluna, I in another place chanced to meet said personage - without knowing what had taken place - And where are you bound? inspector. to see you & the school The catholic priest wishes me to teach a catholic school, I think of consenting, in order to avoid paying the sum I have agreed to pay Lahainaluna Seminary, if I do not teach school. " What ! �You a learned graduate from the high School, think of becoming a catholic & of teaching a catholic school? - Why did you not repel with abhorence the proposals of the priest & seek to convert h i m to the true faith? - You had better return - I do not think the teachers of the High School wish to train pupils for catholics or for instruc­ tors of catholic schools - & I fear they will not release you from your obligation to pay the sum you have promised to pay - on the ground of your teaching a catholic school. Return & wait till an opening presents itself in a protestant school. That is the last of his catholicism. The report is that in a month all the catholics on Hawaii are to b e assembled at Kailua to attend the dedication o f the new cath­ edral. Mormonism. On a certain day 2 men presented themselves at my door as latter day saints. thot. Latter day Saints; an angel visit, I might have Now we shall hear something from futurity. entered & very soon told their errand. Come in. They They had been commissioned by the Lord & his prophet Joseph Smith to preach the gospel to all the Islanders, natives, foreigners, missionaries & all, & hoped I would come over at once on their side & aid them in getting all the rest over. To convince me of the divinity of their commission, they could if necessary perform all the miracles that Christ & his disciples ever performed. Yes. I perceive you belong to the latter days, not as saints however, but as false prophets, giving heed to seducing Spirits & doctrines of devils. Not relishing the reception they met with from me - they left very soon after dinner, & tried the foreign­ ers - Succeeding no better there, they left for Hilo - & finding no favor, they returned & visited Kona - Repelled I should judge from thence they returned to Waimea - when one, becoming discouraged, quit �W a i m e a R e p o r t 1 8 5 0 the field & bent his course as I suppose, towards the Salt Lake whence he came. The other holds on. He has got in favor with a certain foreigner who is aiding him in acquiring the language - & accompanys [ ! ] him on his tours amoung [!] the natives to act as interpreter. Whether he has become a mormon himself I very much doubt. The priest has succeeded in getting about a dozen natives to be baptized , not that they have become prosylites baptism. to Mormonism, but to try mormon ] ! [ Some of the natives when asked if they do not wish to become mormons, Manona, reply in the negative & quote in their favor the passage, ye cannot serve God & mammon (mamone in native). Time will Show what success these latter day Saints will meet with on these Islands. The Lord allows the introduction of false religions & false prophets for some good purpose for the trial & purification of the chhs - & to arouse all his servants to the faithful performance of their duties. Signs of Advance. A moung these may be mentioned the improvement of roads, the choosing of representatives by the people & that by ballot, for the national Legislature, the desire on the part of natives to purchase lands & applications for this purpose sent to Government, a bundle of which containing some 75 applicants f r 10 to a 100 acres each I brot with me; an increase of agriculture, the multiplicity of stores & pedlars. The latter are found all over the field, the most isolated parts, such as Waimanu for instance. stance even in In one in- two of these characters entered the same house - or rather one had previously entered the house & deposited his goods there.. The other afterwards entered & tumbled his goods as the first expressed it on top of his to his no small provocation. These pedlars drain- the land pretty well of money, while the people are well supplied �Wa imea R eport 1850 20. with both the necessaries & many of the superfluities of life. Much money is expended very foolishly, & Many devote so much to the adorn­ ment of the body, that they have little or nothing left for the Lord. And when pressed to buy lands in order to increase their ability to provide for themselve s - they have nothing & can get nothing to buy A lands with - it is all bestowed on the body. That two well educated physicians dwell amou n g us & find employment among the natives, & that a wagon maker & co have set up an establishment, that a white family, consisting of husband, wife & 4 children all white, & not missionaries, have come to reside in our district - show that we are advancing in civilization. That Kawaihae has been proclaimed a port of entrance is another proof of progress. Why this proclamation if it is not because the natives have so far advanced i n the spirit of enterprise as to hold out inducements for ships to call for supplies from the product of their labors? Heathenism. But notwithstanding all the signs of advance there are signs that heathenism has not altogether disappeared. Old heathen­ ish songs & dances, the real old Hawaiian meles & hulas have been revived all over the field, & feasts for the dead & sorcery & witch­ craft & what not of former times have almost led us to think that the old defamed Hawaiian Gods had been favored with a resurrection. A native came to me to enquire if he had done right. you been doing? - What have My wife died rather suddenly & I applied to a native sorcerer to inquire whether she died a natural death or a death from Sorcery. He replied ua anaanaia oia ( Then will you anaana ( ). ) the guilty individual? Y es, i n 3 weeks she shall die, but you must give me an ox [for] my services. And you gave the ox did you? both of you deserve to be hung. Yes. Murderers, I think Oh, he had done it very ignorantly, �tho when doing it, he supposed it was right - & wished to repent &c Constables & Magistrates made something of a stir, & this outbreak of heathenism was checked for a season. But the old volcano is not extinct. Wealth of Waimea. cattle Waimea, you are aware abound somewhat in horses, sheep & goats in the animal, & Irish potatoes, onions &c in the vegetable line. As to minirals (! ) metals &c - t ho' no important discoveries have been made, yet gold & silver are to b e found in small quantities-showing at least our proximity to some Elderado. Of this, if you have any doubts I can give you proof positive, both occular & tangible - The Specimens of our silver were too ponderous to bring to this meeting, but I hold in my hand a purse of gold which I brot from my country, containing - 666 dollars - Why accidentally this number, & no less, no greater, I leave for those to determine who are seeking its mystical meaning in the Apocalypse. Statistics for 1850 R e cd to the chh, on examination the past year Whole no. recd on examination - - - - - -- 82 -- -- - 6087 Recd the past year on certificate 32 Whole No. Recd from other chhs. 389 Dismissed the past year - - - -- ---- ---------- -- 93 Whole no. dismissed Deceased the past year - - - 926 -- -- - - -- -- -- - Chh members excluded, deceased the past year Whole no. deceased, mostly in regular standing - - - - - 134 47 1,744 Whole no. excluded chh members deceased 890 Excluded members restored the past year 66 �22. Excluded the past year Remain excluded — 27 s a y ------- - - _ _ _ _ _ _ 800 Whole no. n o w in regular standing - - - - — 2,114 Children baptized the past year Whole no. baptized - - Marriages past year -- -- 39 - _ _ _ ------- - - ------ — -- --- 1,286 - Population in the field - - - - - - - - - - - - - 63 3,850 Proportion who attend public worship - - - - - 22 Schools - - - - - 850 400 250 300 100 30 60 3/5ths pupils Readers Writers in Arithmetic in Geography in Moral philosophy in singing ---- Respectfully Submitted Waimea Hawaii May 5, 1851 L. Lyons \ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mission Station Reports - Hawaii Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mission Station Reports - Hawaii - Waimea - 1846-1851 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1846, 1848, 1849, 1851