https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/da2c82021deb69ba843bd9e14a20f078.pdf e97ddddaf7c0699b64d4b68211f15285 PDF Text Text M O L O K A I S T A T I O N R E P O R T S 1 8 5 3 - 1 8 4 9 �P R E F A C E These reports of the American mission at Kaluaaha, Molokai, during the 1830's and 1840's, were prepared by the missionaries stationed there for the General Meet­ ings, usually held at Honolulu. Summaries of these reports appeared in the Extracts from the Minutes of the General Meetings, which were printed for the use of the members of the Mission only. As there is a dearth of historical material on Molokai, it was thought wise to have these manuscripts copied. The originals are in the archives of the Hawaiian Mission Children’s Society. Through the cooperation of the University of Hawaii and Mr. George P. Cooke of Molokai, three copies have been made by a university student, Mr. Bert N. Nishimura. One copy will be placed in the library of the University, one in the Hawaiian Mis­ sion Children's Society library, and one in the private library of Mr. Cooke. The typescripts have been proof-read by Mr, Nishimura and Miss Bernice Judd. June 4, 1937 �T A B L E OP C O N T E N T S Report of the Station at Kaluaaha, Molokai from the 7th of Nov. 1832 to June 1st 1833 ................................................... Report of the Mission Station at Molokai for the year ending June 1st 1834 11 Annual Report of the Station at Kaluaaha 1835 15 Report of the Station Kaluaaha for 1836-7 ..........18 Report in part of Molokai Station for the year 1837-8 ............ 22 Report of Station of Kaluaha [sic] 1848 Statistics of Kaluaaha for 1847-8 .. . . . . . . 24 . 33 Report of Kaluaaha 1848-9 ............. ............34 Statisticks [sic] �4 Report of the Station at Kaluaaha Molokai from the 7th of Nov. 1832 to June 1st 1833. In pursuance brethren of your note, at the last general meeting I with my family embarked for Molokai on the of last november [sic] and on the same day took the station assigned m e . The name of the place selected for the station is Kalua_aha, about 12 miles west of the east point and nearly in the centre [sic] of the population residing on the south side of the Island. The climate is cool owing to the trade wind which by which [sic] it is almost constantly fanned. For two month [sic] after our arrival there was an abundance of rain since [sic] that time there has been much less. Much of the time has not been uncomfortable in the open sun— and much of the time too thick clothes, have been comfortable. If we may judge from from [sic] the Influence of the climate on our selves thus far we are prepared to pronounce it perfectly healthy. Neither myself or wife [sic] has ever enjoyed bet­ ter health than since we have lived there— and the same if I mistake not has been, the fact with Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong. The station is about 20 miles from Lahaina and in fair view of this harbour. About a mile and a half east of the station is fine [sic] harbour [sic] for native vessels and good walking from the landing to the house. On our arrival at the station we found a commodious native house on the spot we had previously selected for the purpose as also a good house for our natives both built by the people. Kaluaha [sic] belongs to Hoopiliiwahine who encouraged us to select it as a site for a station. We were accompanied by Auhea the principal owner of the island. She was very kind, and charged the people to regard us as their teachers, listen to our instructions and cleave to the pono. [sic:right] She gave strict orders to supply us with such food as we needed if it grew on the island. Taro for our table has accordingly been every day furnished us free of expense. As also much of the food for our natives. The people received us very cordially-— and as is usual and is unusual manifested their good feelings presents [sic] in abundance. For several months past presents have been rare the people having probably learned that their Aloha may be exhibited in a cheaper way. Moral & Religious state of the people— -Previous to our arrival there had been but three sermons preached on the is­ land and these but a month or two before. The first by Brother Andrews, the 2nd- by myself, and the third by Brother Spaulding. Many and ---- probably most of the people never have heard �a sermon before our arrival, and could of course have pos­ sessed little more more [sic] knowledge of the christian religion than what they had gathered from the few hooks that had been distributed among them. The gods having been destroyed they were destitute of any— and I presume there were few exceptions indeed to the truth of the general remark that the people were as com­ pletely ignorant of the true god as''they were forty years ago. I n fact most of the inhabitants of one of the most populous districts on the Island soon after the station was taken actually returned to their old way-— they have since been reclaimed. At first our congregations were full. It is evident however that the people were many of them at least induced to attend from motives of curiosity--for once the novelty has ceased much fewer attend. at [sic] first there were present on the Sabbath from 1500 to 2000— at present the average number is about a thousand. Congregation— attendance— Meeting house At first as we had no meeting house we met under laaualas [sic] in front of our dwelling house. Here we were much disturbed by the wind and rain--in about two months a meetinghouse was finished 30 feet by 120. For several sabbaths the people were unable to get seats inside of the house and many were obliged to sit without . The congregation however soon grew smaller and were soon ac­ commodated with seats in the house. At present the house : on the sabbath is not filled. For sometime however the num­ ber has been about stationary at 1000. Several causes might be assigned for the decrease of the congregation. At first the people came from a great distance-— who after the novelty of seeing the newcomers had ceased had not motives sufficient to continue. Many no doubt from the fact that they were fatigued with sitting— but more I apprehend from not being permitted by the people in the neighbourhood [sic] to smoke in or about the houses on the -sabbath. Religious exercises— we have had two sermons on the sab­ bath, a written one In the morning— an extemporaneous one in the afternoon. For sometime fee intermission between the two services was less than half an hour that those at a distancem i g h t return home before night and at the same time stay to both exercises. This expedient of keeping them together at the afternoon service and we hold this service now at 4 oclock. Though fewer people attend than before, those who do attend attend willingly and give much better attention. Before the morning service Mrs. H [sic] has a sabbath school consisting of about 90 children— 30 or forty of whom recite the 7 verses for the week, and [sic] seem to be �6 somewhat fond of attending. We have also a sabbath school for adults in the inter­ val of the morning evening [sic] services--consisting of about 200 scholars, each of whom recites the 7 verses with great accuracy-— at least with very few exceptions. After recitation they are questioned as to the meaning of the les­ son- -and after this upon the leading points in the morning sermon. At present they manifest a good degree of interest in these exercises and can this interest be kept up, much good may be expected to be the result. We had for a time a third meeting on the sabbath after dark--safe [some?] of which were very solemn and would have been continued had it not been apprehended that evening meet­ ings would throw new temptations in the way of the people. The only religious meetings we have during the week is preaching Wednesday [sic] afternoons at which there are usual­ ly present from 100 to 200. Imediately [sic] before this meeting Mrs. H has a female meeting of from 1 to 200 the [sic] exercises this meeting prayer--singing— all the women who are. able to read read each a passage of scripture and are questioned as to its meaning. On Saturday evening we have a prayer meeting for pro­ fessors of religion. The effect of Religious instruction upon the people, thus far has been scarcely perceptible. The great mass ap­ pear as yet to have no definite views either of their own character or that of God. And what is worse many and I know not but most of them are utterly indifferent in regard to both. For in my visits I have found but I have found [sic] but sorry evidence of their regard to a knowledge of the pono. Soon after the commencement of the station & for several weeks succeeding they were truly assiduous [sic] in their efforts to convince us they were proud flocked in in [sic] great numbers with their thoughts, and seemed proud of con­ fessing their former sins with all their aggravations in order that present innocence and goodness of heart might appear the more consicuous. [sic] Formerly we were adult­ erers and theives and murderers but at present we are good have great desires for the pono seemed to be the almost universal sentiment. Finding us however incredulous on this point, they sudenly [sic] changed their ground and would for a time have us believe that they were almost everything bad. Finally as neither these professions of goodness nor of bad­ ness had the effect of making us believe they were saints, most of them desisted and of late we have been troubled with comparatively few of their manoos. To the general remark however that religious instruc­ tion has had scarce any perceptible effect there [are] some excep­ tions. There are are [sic] a goodly number of very attentive, �7 sirious, [sic] and well disposed hearers of the truth, most of these have comparatively correct views of the plan some manifest considerable anxiety for their souls, three or four give no little evidence of possessing the spirit of Christ. The [sic] are a great encouragement to us in our work give [sic] us some assurance that our labour [sic] is not in vain in the Lord. Schools. Of these there are 38[?] on the island. [sic] at the time they were examined by Brothers Andrews and Green they were thought to be in as flourishing a state as that those [sic] of any of the islands. We have had two general examinations the next week after our arrival and the other on the 15th of last month. At the former we examined a few over 2000. At the latter though every school on the island was present we examined less than 1900. Of these 1687 were nominal readers. Matt 150 Mar 133. Luk. 231. Oih. 781 Rom 47. Gal. 42. Pet 39 Ninau 84 Josu 105 Josep 24-— Nahelu 38, Hal 66. The remainder in the Pa Kamalii and in the P. Maoli. 69 in arithmetic 112 in writing on slates. [sic] Of the nominal readers one third at least cannot read at all— one third can read with difficulty and the other third with considerable ---- fluency. Probably 500 hundred [sic] or about 1/15th of the whole population can read with considerable ease. The schools are manifestly on the decline. They have ceased to be a novelty. Teachers are chiefish, indolent and ignorant and have little or no influence. No authority on the island to make either them or the scholars attend to their duty. The order of the chiefs which from superstitious fears probably induced the people to frequent the schools formerly has lost its power. The result is a falling of [sic] from the study of the palapala. The schools at the stations are three: A school of children consisting of from 80 to 100 scholars taught by Mrs. H 5 days in a week each school [sic] occupies between two and three hours. She has native assistants. Most of the scho­ lars have been uniform in their attendance and as easily governed as the same number would have been in our native land. When the school commenced there were 25 readers. These have made good improvement in reading and most of them write a fair and legible hand on the slate and have commenced arith­ metic. Thirty 5 [sic] can read with ease who when the school commenced could not read at all and many of whom did not know the letters. Nothing seems necessary to give success to this schools [sic] but books to keep up the interest of the children. The idea of commencing in a new book is very pleasing to them. �Beside this [sic] Mrs. H has a school for adult females consisting of between 20 and thirty--they have read and stud­ ied geography. This school has been holder [held?] four days in the week. A very few of them have done well. I have a school for the teachers. There are between 50 and 60 schoolars[sic]— they have attended to reading— study of geography from the map— and to the helu kamalii. Some of them have done credit to themselves. both [sic] by their conduct attention and good improvement while others have not requalized [sic] themselves in either. In order that the school may become an eficient [sic] one it highly [sic] necessary that provisions be made for the support of the scholars while at school— many of them can provide no food and of course will not attend. Could a small quantity of land be devoted to the benefit of the school on which the scholars could erect houses and where they might cultivate some food, their constant attention to school would be secured until it should be proper to send them back to their places to teach and then the houses could be occupied by others. Books On this subject I am unable to report as definitely as I could wish. I think on the whole that the demand for books has been as great as we could have expected. W e have given out more than our proportion of the stock o n hand. For many of them we have received in return potatoes, taro, onions, pia wood by the stick fowls, eggs, mats, tapa, pairs [sic] small jobs of work &c of these we have kept no account. We have paid in books for a stone study 40 dolls, for stone wall 25 and for stone for a dwelling house 40 have paid for work also 30 yards of cloth at 5 cents per yard. Have sold 7 testaments for cost. These I could sell to the best advantage. And could I get them should prefer them for trade with the natives to cloth— as I came came [sic] here with a view of supplying the people with the bread of life. And though it may be a pecuniaryxxxxxx ad­ vantage to sell the new testament for cost only If [sic] I can procure them and they request them for labour I should not dare refuse them. Out Stations. Of these there may be t w o -one is about 150 miles west of Kaluaha [sic]--and the other perhaps 12 miles east. The one at the east is accessible either in canoes or on horseback. As near as we could learrn there will be a congregation of between 6 and 700. They have a meeting house now that will contain nearly or quite 500 people it is hansomely [sic] walled in with stone and surrounded on two sides by an ex­ tensive Ranai Both the house and ranai are frequently filled. [sic] �9 A member of the church owns land there and and [sic] is now engaged in building a station house and expects preachin there soon. As the meeting house is to [sic] small and not in the most convenient spot for the people, they are about to build a larger, and on a more eligible spot. This as an outstation is especially important as it is accessible by the people of the east side of the island who otherwise can not have the preaching of the word it being extremely [hard?] to getat them. The members of the church hold meeting there now on the sabbath— and have a sabbath school. The place for the other out station is about 12 or thir­ teen miles from Kaluaha [sic] were it as easy of access as the other it would be nearly as important. But access to/it is very difficult any way— when there is any wind it is unsafe to go by water and when there is not it is very tedious. The route to it by land is nearer, the path however is inter­ cepted by tremendous precipices— the whole surface- of the earth seems like an ocean instantaneously solidified while thrown into palis by the wind and storm. Brother A and myself however left home at 8 oclock in the morning and arrived there about three in the afternoon. The name of the land is Halawa belonging to Hoopiliwahine. It is a beautiful deep valley half a mile wide at the ocean runs back two miles and a half and is watered by a large and delightful stream of fresh water which falls from the mountains at the other end in two grand and beauti­ ful cataracts one of which rushes over a perpendicular de­ cent of more than 500 feet into a deep cole [sic] and crys­ tal lake of 30 or forty yards in diameter. The stream which issues from this lake is suff. for extensive machinery--it is so situated as to be easily drawn of [!] by sluices into the taro plots. These [sic] valley is principally laid out in these small rectangular plots which when viewed from the pre­ cipices which impend three thousand feet above loose [sic] the features of reality and assume those of the most enchanting romance. Were this really made an out station we might expect a congregation of 500 or 600 or even more. Many and ---- in­ deed most of which do not enjoy the means of grace--The people would come in canoes from the north side of the island who are not precluded from the sanctuary. The people would imediately [sic] erect both a dwelling and meeting house. Could these out stations be occupied it would it would [sic] put the preaching of the gospel within the [reach?] of nearly or quite the whole population of the island. To the station on the west one might ride Saturday after­ noon, and return early monday [sic] morning. To the other, owing to the difficulty of access to it will probably be ad­ visable to spend several weeks at a time. �10 Population— From a census recently taken by the teach ers there are at least 6000 inhabitants on the island. the returns amounting to upwards of 5700--to which are to be added the people of 5 lands from which returns have not been received. Since brother A has been with us he has had a singing school to which he has devoted 3 evenings in the week and which has been of essential service not only as a foundation of sacred musick, [sic] but in convincing the natives that by persever­ ance they may arrive to respectable attainments in this de­ lightful science. Very few cases of open immorality have come to our ears. Soon after the station was taken some measures were addapted [sic] to discourage smoking. Those who were willing to forsake it were requested to come and enroll their names in a cataloge [sic] kept for the purpose. All the most res­ pectable part came forward— I do not know how many probably 200. Since this time I have not seen an individual smoking on the island. Though no doubt that many do. In conclusion I cannot conclude this report without re­ marking brethren which you that the station brethren [sic] that you have assigned me is one of great importants [sic] and is on many accounts a very desirable one. The island is highly fruitful--producing most of the articles of food required in a family--the people are friendly— so situated as to be able all them [sic] to hear the word of God--and though we have not the example or authority of the good Chiefs to aid us-— we have not the indiference [sic] the cupidity--or the opposition of the head ones to hinder us--and though we have not access to foreign ship and foreign men to obtain the things which we might wish from them yet [sic] is an am­ ple equivalent that they have not access to us to corrupt, lead astray, and ruin our people. I wish therefore to say that I am thankful in being placed in a field where there are so few obstacles to the success of well devoted efforts to the salvation of sinners and so may so well adapted to secure that success— request­ ing Brethren that we may have the sympathy and aid of your prayer in the labour you have assigned us I submit the Report. H. R. Hitchcock June 1833 Station at Waimea Morokai 1833 — oo— �11 Report of the mission Station at Molokai for the year ending June 1st 1834 [sic] In giving in these report /or the past year [in pencil: the missionaries] at Kaluaaha station would first of all notice with unfeigned gratitude the merciful providence of God which has allotted to the greater part of their number such a degree of health as to be enabled to attend constantly to the duties of the station. But while we rejoice in the prosperous hand of [in pen­ cil: God] toward us in this respect we can but feel humbled under the hand of the same infinitely wise and righteous pro­ vidence which has deprived one of our number of health, and thus dissapointed [sic] her hopes of engaging as she expected in the work of the Lord. --- -- ---- On returning from the last General Meeting we were happy to find the state of our people much more favourable [sic] than we had anticipated. The meetings on the sabbath which before we left for general meeting had become thin, were on our return much fuller, and have continued so ever since. And we thought that we discovered an increase of attachment arising out of our short absence. We heard of no disorder among our people which we could have probably prevented had we been with them. According to a resolution of the Association a church w as been [sic] organized on the first sabbath in august [ sic] consisting of 12 native members— 7 of whom were members from other churches, the remainder were received on profession of their faith. After the organization of the churc h the sacra­ ment of the Lord supper was administered for the first time on on [sic] the island. The scene was solemn and interesting. Religious exercises. Besides the two principle exercises on the sabbath, we have for the greater part of the time held station meetings weekly at two of the distant districts at which meetings we have usually had a good audience and sometimes very solemn attention; these together with the sabbath and Wednesday [sic] sermons make five for the week. Besides a weekly church meeting we have also a weekly meeting for. conference and prayer with all who please to attend. -- ---- --- ------- ------- --- --- ------ [sic] We have two sabbath schools; one for adults, and one for children— -the latter consisting of not far from one hundred, thirty or forty of whom recite reguarly [sic] the verses for the week according to the verse a day system. The school for adults consists from one hundred to --- one hundred and fifty, who also recite the same. About thirty of this number meet at our house every evening to recite the verse for the day to ask questions upon it and to unite in prayer. This meeting has been found very profitable. Beside [sic] this the �sabbath school, after the recitation of the 7 verses and exa­ mined on the sermon of the preceeding sabbath morning— as well as the one to which they have just been listening; in this exercise they manifest a decided interest and such are the encouragements resulting from it that we shall probably con­ tinue it. The missionaries had for some time had --- ---- been think­ ing of a protracted meeting, our feelings were decideded, [sic] and warmly engaged in their favour--from the wonder effects we had known to result from these by the [sic], divine blessing in our Native land. we [sic] wished to give them a trial at our station. But were kept from it partly from a fact that it would be a new measure in the introduction of which we prefered [sic] others should go before us— partly from fear that the result might not prove salutary in this field, and partly from the circumstances of our people which at that time seemed to afford no convenient opportunity for it. The two first of these obstacles were soon hapily [sic] removed by the reception of a letter from one of the brethren [sic] from Hido stating that they had in fact held such a meeting and that it had been an instrument in the hands of the spirit of special good to souls. Whereupon we resolved to apoint [sic] one— which we did to comence [sic] on the 25th of March. From the time in which the apointment [sic] was made untill [sic] the meeting, -- --- we trust that if the influ­ ences of the holy Ghost were indispensible to the success of such meetings in our own land. They certainly could be no less so here— and we hope that ours was made the subject of frequent and ardent prayer that our own hearts might be in some measure prepared to conduct such a meeting in a proper manner and that the people might be benifited [sic] by it. The meeting commenced, and was continued --- two days and well attended. When Brothers Richard and Spaulding ar­ rived from Lahaina, Brother S preached once and returned to L. Brother Richards continued with us during the meeting which lasted five days. We would wish to notice in this place our obligations to him for the very important aid he afforded. The assembly were [sic] usually numerous and attentive; No measures were adopted to awaken feeling aside from preaching the word, singing, prayer and private conversation. It was soon however discovered that there were several under apparent­ ly genuine conviction. I had forgotten to say that we had instituted a morning prayer meeting. The attendance and appearance of the people at these meetings together with the feelings of our own hearts had caused us to say that the di­ vine Spirit was in the midst of us, some days before the protracted meetings [sic] commenced. These meetings still con­ tinue, are well attended and are highly useful. �Not long after the commencement of the meeting as I observed above it was discovered that several were labouring under a sense of th eir sinfulness. A sermon by Brother R on the Nature of Repentance was the ---------- apparently directmeans, of this state of things. At an examination of a few, on sabbath evening respecting the sermon, it was found that several conversed more like awakened, [sic] or convicted sin­ ners in our own land than any that we had before heard. -- in this state of things we discontinued the protracted meeting— we-have since seen more of its effects than while it was in progress. From ten to fifteen all of whom had before given us no evidence of a change of heart seem more so far as we have been able to judge by the -------- -- ------------ their appearance, words, and actions to be the subjects of the re­ ceiving influences of the Holy Spirit. Most of these are from the class of the moral, better instructed. But there are are [sic] several cases of hopeful convesion [conversion] the subjects of which before the protracted meeting were either very ignorant in comparison with others, or very im­ moral and opposed to the pono. So obvious is the change in the conduct of one especially, that it can hardly be associ­ ated for on any other ground than that of his having been taught by the Holy Spirit. On the whole the obvious results of our meeting have been such as greatly to encourage us— and to induce us to have another as soon circumstances [sic] will, and to reccommened [sic] their adoption as far as practicable [sic] at every station in the mission. Schools— we have had three day schools at the station for most of the time during the past year all of which have made as good proficiency as considering the time, and means devoted to them would allow us to expect. One of these schools is for teachers and consists of about 40 males, and six fe­ males. These have studied Geography, Coulburns Arithmetic and writing-— and they have been taught on an average 10 hours per week. - The second is a school taught by Brother Smith for adults consisting on an average of 24 scholars— who have attended to reading, writing, and mental arithmetic. The third is a school for children, taught by Mrs. H. containing rising of eighty scholars— the average number has been perhaps 75 during the year. This school consists of three classes. The first if [sic] which containing 25 read, write, cypher on the slate— recite in mental arithmetic, and recite the verse of scripture for the day. The second class containing about the same number read write on slates and answer question in mental arithmetic and recite also the verse of scripture. The third class embrace those that are unable to read. �14 We would remark with regard to our station schools that we have advanced about as far as we can untill [sic] we are furnished with a school house--and that of course a good house is of as much importance as the instruction of the children of the station. To attempt to benefit the people without such a house is a fruitless attempt. Of our native schools we have nothing to say, except that they are entirely down . We have during the year given them attention except to attend two General examination at [sic] the first of which there were present 1000— or nearly that-at the other something more than 12 hundred. Besides this we have encouraged them to purchase books and have sold a good many. We are of the opinion that no more good can re­ sult from these schools on Molokai untill [sic] we can procure better schoolhouses and better qualified teachers. A singing school has been established consisting of about 50 learners and their proficiency has been such as to en­ courage us to hope that by suitable attention they will be­ come good singers. Maried [sic] during the year 69 couples Baptized during the year adults 5 Children 9 In conclusion your missionaries have much reason to mourn that more good has not been accomplished by their labours during the past year for we feel that had we had more love to God— more compassion for sinners— more faith, zeal, and self-denial much more would have been done. But while we mourn over our own deficiency and unfruit fulness, we would give Glory to God that he has in any measure owned and blessed our imperfect labours--and give us much reason to hope that they have not been in vain in the Lord. outposts 2 at which we have preached occasionally preached [sic] during the year. one 20 miles distant, the other 12. Station report Molokai' — oo— �15 Anual [Annual] Report of the Station at Kaluaaha [1835] In making this report the missionary at Kaluaaha, would first notice with unfeigned thankfulness the kind hand of God toward himself and family the past year in giving him such a degree of health that without interruption he has been permitted to preach the gospel to his precious but ignorant and dying flock--and especially in recovering his companion from an illness from which we had begun to dispair of relief. For these mercies we are confident the brethren of the mis­ sion will unite with us sincere praise to. God. [sic] Much of my time the past year has been unavoidably devoted to secular concerns such as the superintendence of buildings. As the result of this we have completed a subs­ tantial stone schoolhouse— thatched roof— 54 ft. by 26 inside— plastered and whitewashed outside and in with good writing forms and glazed. An excellent dwelling house is nearly finished and a meetinghouse commenced and the walls already raised to the heighth of nine feet. The Station Schools have met the past year with consi­ derable interruption partly from the illness of Mrs. H and partly from the scholars being engaged in building the school­ house. Since the completion of the house however special efforts have been made to revive the childrens school. These efforts have been successful beyond our expectations. The school now numbers 170 scholars— is perhaps the average 2 5 1 attendance. I have the sole superintendence of it, and de­ vote from two to three hours dayly [sic] in it 5 days in the week. The scholars are highly interested and make rapid improvements. Native Schools have not depreciated since the last ge­ neral Meet. Some things respecting them are even more en­ couraging than formerly at the late semianual [sic] examina­ tion there were present 1300 a greater proportion than for­ merly were able to read and ------ some with, and some with­ out difficulty. There were too a greater number of children present than usual on such occasions. There are much more frequent calls for children's books than I have b efore wit­ nessed since my residence on the island. Had we the proper books children's schools might now probably be established in most of the districts on the island. May we not there­ fore hope that books will be speedily provided. Religious Exercises have also been somewhat modified by circumstances. We have had fewer meetings during the week away from the obvious cause that we have one less la­ s tation than we had last year from the �16 bourer in the field and also that one who is left has had so much other business to attend to. Two sermons and two sabbath schools each consisting of from 100 to 150, on the sabbath a daily morning meeting at which I usually expound the scriptures in course and which has been attended on an average by more than 120 hearers— a bible class of from 20 to 50 most of the evenings in the week; the sermon on Wednesday--a church meeting on Satur­ day— the monthly concert together with an occasional meet­ ing- at an outpost are the amount of our religious labours the past year. If we except occasional visiting the people. The result of these labours tho decidedly favourable has been less so than we had fondly hoped it would be. We are grieved when we must say that there is of late a falling off in the congregation on the Sabbath, and that we have not experienced those special influences of the Divine spirit of God which alone can convert the heart of Hawaiians. There are however a few whom we hope are not unprofitable hearers of the truth— and for whom we entertain strong hopes as being the children of God. These we hope soon to admit to the fellowship of the church. Members received into the church the past year Disceased [sic] — — — ----- — ---- ---- Members of the church now in good standing Children Baptized during the year Marriages 11 1 21 9 82 An associate. I wish simply to remark on this subject that my desire for a fellow labourer, and my views of the propriety of my having one remain unchanged as also those the separeting [sic] system which was adopted at the last meeting. Brethren, " two are better than one." we shll [sic] have no body whom we can consult with, who in sickness can sympathise [sic] with or afford us that assistance which we need and which most of our brethren of the mission have. No one of you if he wishes to visit a brother, or if his family is sick need expose his life on the ocean in a frail canoe. My heart faints within me when I contemplate those, who began to hear the word of God when Brother Smith was with us but who are now as much deprived of the privilege as though there was no missionary on the island or nearly so. Were another brother stationed with me beside the great privilege of social enjoyment which would be confered [sic] on us I should be at liberty at least much of the time to carry the gospel to those who would be glad of it but are now deprived of it. The population in the vicinity of the station Is dense and presents a field altogether too import­ ant to be entrusted to the case of a single individual es­ pecially as much of his time, instead of being devoted di­ rectly to ministerial labours, is taken up with the care of schools and of his own family. But the circumstances of the �17 station are well known to the mission. I leave you to decide whether, if a member of the mission is this session to be stationed as an associate with another, any station has a stronger claim than Kaluaaha; and whether we shall or shall not be denied those social joys and privileges to which you yourselves have access; but on which our happiness and usefulness too as much depend as do that of our brethren. House of worship. One has been commenced and the walls nearly up ninety feet by 42 outside and walls are three feet thick and are to be 12 feet high, the roof to be thatched it is laid up in mud and grass and is thus far the best piece of native masonry that l have seen. The whole island are engaged in building it. The natives will find stones, lime for plastering and timber— and do all the work except what requires a carpenter- -and perhaps for a few days a mason: [sic] In a word the people will do all that can be done by them. The boards and glass and carpenter they cannot procure on account of frequent rains and it will be necessary for us to have glass windows as shutter merely in a rain storm would keep out the light as well as the rain--shall need 2 boxes. The natives will not be able to make the doors as there is no timber on the island suitable. The roof will need to be framed as there is no timber on the island long enough with­ out piecing. A good carpenter might possible do all the work in two months. That part of the building which the natives cannot meet will probable not be far from the following 2 boxes of glass at 10 dolls per box size 8 by 10 $20.00 500 feet of boards suitable for doors & sashes, pulpits &c $25 to 50.00 10 lbs. nails at 25 cents per lb 2.50 Putty and paint perhaps 3.00 2 1 /2 months work of carpenter at 30--35 ----dolls for month exclusive of board 87.00 Trimmings for doors 5 .00 $14,700 I therefore hereby petition the mission that that part of the expense of the above mentioned building which the natives cannot defray be defrayed, on my order, out of the funds of the American as something [sic] of a drawback on the above amount I would state that a schoolhouse for which I was alowed [sic] by the mission 100 dolls has cost the misson less than ten should you please to add to the remaining ninety one hundred dollars more it will enable me to finish the house of God, and thus render what is now fast wearing out of my lungs a much more easy task. My health has already suffered, ---much from preaching in an open leaky and very windy native house. �.18 In concluding this report I cannot but crave the prayers of the brethren of the mission that that [sic] the present year may not pass away without the descent of the Holy Spirit in the midst of us--and that we may have the ability and the disposition to labour faithfully in the cause of our common master with the end [written at the bottom of the sheet:] Praying that you may have the Divine presence at the meeting I remain dear brethren your unworthy fellow labourer H. R. Hitchcock June 1 1835 Station Report Kaluaaha June 1835 — oo— Report of the Station Kaluaha [sic] for 1836-37 . In this Report the first thing to be noticed is the good­ ness of God to the missionaries. Though it has been a year of more than unusual ill health to them yet they have experienced in a wonderful degree of the restoring mercy of God. So that now the health of our family are in better health [sic] than we were at the last general meeting. Having been absent one third of the year to obtain medical aid for my family the affairs of the station have necessarily been less effectually attended to than could have been wished. And my account of its prosperity must be less encouraging than I had fondly hoped. Glad would I be to narrate a powerful revival but this we have not experienced. Still we are not entirely destitute of evidence that the Lord has been with us. Our sanctuary on the Lords day has born [!] witness that the dispensatons of the truth has not been lost. There has usually been a full assembly many of whom seemed concerned to know what to do to be saved. Preaching has been enjoyed twice on the sabbath and once during the week. No additions have been made to the church not because I have supposed that none were qualified for it; but because it was not prudent for me to attend to it at the time --------. designed. Had I not been prevented by ill health several would have been received in March. These I now regard as candidates to be received at our next communion season. It is a cheering fact that the attention of the people �19 to religion has not diminished, and .that there has been a gradual but visible improvement in the understandings and consciences, and habits o f many of the congregation. Beside preaching on the sabbath a sabbath school for adults has been kept up consisting of from 100 to 300 most of whom have recited the verses of the ai okala. This school owing to the disease of my throat I have not always attended. When absent myself the natives themselves have conducted it. The Sabbath school for children has been in constant operation through the year. It has averaged at least five hundred scholars. Of these not far from 150 recite the 7 verses for the week. The remainder are catechised by the teachers. After the recitation is through I have usually made it a point to address the whole school myself. Some times in a short and familiar sermon— some times by the re­ hearsal some [sic] bible story and immediately questioning them on what I have said and applying it to their consciences, In these exercises I have never found it difficult to secure the attention of the children or to interest them. Though the superintendence of this school h a s laxed my vocal powers beyond their ability I have viewed the matter of such importance as to be unable to find it to be my duty to desist. May god provide suitable teachers for this school and reduce it to such order as to promote in the highest sense the good of the young immortals of which it is composed. The day school for children has been kept up 8 months out of the year. It has been interrupted three months by tearing down and rebuilding the schoolhouse. It has averaged about 240 scholars-— 100 of readers--50 write [sic] about 80 In the Helunaau [Arithmetic] and from twenty to 30 study geo­ graphy. A large proportion of the others can pronounce words of one to four syllables--and there are but few who do not know their letters. The proficiency of the scholars the past year has been greater than in any former one. Since my return from Lahaina I have generally spent from three to four hours of my forenoons for five days in the week in the school. It has been uncommonly orderly and easily managed considering the great number and the age of the scholars, by far the great­ er part of them being under 8 years of age. Five of the boys are prepared for entering the High school and are expecting to enter the term now about to commence. Though god in his providence has seen fit to interrupt me greatly in my labours this year yet I have cause for unfeigned gratitude that he has given me such a promising field for usefulness at this school. While my attention has been chiefly given to the school at the station, the schools for children throughout the island have not been entirely neglected. We have held two general examinations for them the year past and have sold them many books and otherwise encouraged them . At the first examined [sic] �20 more than nine hundred children, and at the last eleven hund­ red. The children of proper age for attending school through­ out the island were nearly all of them present probably not more than 100 more could have been found. Almost all them [sic] have attended such schools as they have had statedly. [sic] The schools as a general thing have been a mere name and the children have made little or no improvement. But the fact that they have been induced to go so steadly [sic] under such unfavourable circumstances shows [sic] conclusively that had we the suitable means nearly every child on the island might be. kept constantly in school. At two of the schools laud­ able improvement has been made. The one at Halawa a pleasant and populous valley at the northeast end of the island numbers 140 scholars 67 of whom can read - - - - with tolerable ease. Of the school at Wailua containing 60 or more, not more than three or four of whom could read at the commencement of the year, thirty two now read intelligibly. Of the eleven hundred examined at the last ------- ------- examination 260 at least are able to read, which, considering that this is the first year any thing has been done for them as a body and that with but few exceptions their teachers have been utterly incomptent [sic] speaks loudly in favour of their ability to learn when they shall have the suitable means. Three permanent schoolhouses are about to be built one at Halawa, one at Wailua and one at Kamaloo. The two last places are in opposite directions from the station one four and the other five miles distant. These houses when finished will embrace six hundred and sixty of the eleven hundred in­ cluding those at the station school. The importance that these schools be furnished with competent and faithful teachers can be measured by nothing less than the salvations of the hun­ dreds who now stand ready to enter them. At all of the above places a teacher would be comfortably situated. A schoolhouse 112 feet long and 26 wide has been completed this year at an expense to the mission of only about 40 dollars. Nothing but benches and suitable forms for writing are wanting to ac­ comodate at least three hundred scholars. At Kalaupapa a populous district on the windward side of the island and about thirty miles from the station a school of 160 scholars might be collected immediately were there a teacher to superintend it. At Kalamaula 20 miles west of the station one embracing at least 100 scholars might be put in­ to successful operation. These two schools together with the one at the station and the three others above mentioned would take in 920 scholars. One American teacher to each would be a benefit to the children too great to be estimated in this life. sic Allow me then to reccomend^to the mission to make as speedy provisions as possible for the supply of these schools with teachers from America. The blessed opportunity which God in his providence has p u t into the hands of Christians of educating almost the whole mass of the children of these island [!] �21 and thus of forming their consciences as well as of raising them from their present degradation cannot I am sure meet with neglect. If five more suitable teachers are sent to Molokai the generation that are now [sic] coming on the stage will be rescued from ignorance and very many of them from death eternal. Everything depends on striking the blow now if we would reclaim these children from black ignorance and save the nation. It will not do until we can raise up native teachers for before this can be done the present generation of children now so prepared for being instructed will be forever out of the influence of schools and prepared to exert a more deadly influence on their children than their parents are now exerting on them. Beside native teachers cannot the [sic] exegences of the case. The children must be governed and kept under a salutary disipline [sic] in order to reap advantage from schools. Prom what we know of native character no teacher can be expected to do this. They may be and even are indispensible auxiliaries to the missionary teacher; but labouring alone they can scarcely be expected to have any great influence over the scholars for good. I do therefore ardently desire the mission to lay the subject of children schools in these islands more distinctly before the Board and in such tones as will convince every pious soul in the land of its amazing importance and allow them no longer to sleep over it except under the pressure of the terrible responsibility of refusing to gather for God so promising a harvest as this. I suppose that there are at this moment more than twenty thousand children on these islands who are ready this day to enter schools were there any to teach them. But as it is more than fifteen thousand of this number must remain in their ignorance until the op­ portunity for enlightening them has passed away. 0 that at our meeting of 34 we had all felt more deeply on this subject and so ordered our speech to the churches that instead of the thirty two only who have obeyed Gods voice [sic] and come to xxxxxxxxxx our assistance, three hundred might have been now on the ground ready to commence the too long neglected work of rescuing these children from sin, and the nation from ruin. I ask 6 more teachers for Molokai and assign as a reason that a school of from 100 to 150 children is this moment ready for each of them. These children if not supplied with teachers must remain ignorant and probably baffle all efforts that can be made for their salvation. Three of the teachers might have respectable congregations on the sabbath which renders it important that they should be licensed to preach. One should by all means be a physician. Whatever value may be attached to missionary labour on Molokai one third of it may be fairly deducted an account of our having no physician at hand. One third of my time the past year has been spent away from the station which would have been saved to it had �22 there been a physician on the island. Besides saving us from exposing ourselves on the water, a physician would be nearly as useful as a teacher and perhaps more so than ifhedid not understand medicine, as his practice would occupy but a small part of his time. I would include in the wants of Molokai a well educated physician. Owing to reasons which are obvious to the mission the Boarding school which was contemplated and for which money was voted at the last General meeting has not been put in operation. I still feel however that it is highly important that one should be commenced as soon as practical. The facts that we have so many children in our immediate vicinity that they are all poor and that we a r e secluded entirely from the bad influences of seaports are obvious arguments in my mind that we should have such a school. I hope as soon as the station school can be taken off my hands to commence boarding the scholars. I design for the high school. Hoping and praying that effectual measures may be taken by the mission to institute a permanent school of the kind at the station. Report of Molokai station 1837 Station report Kaluaaha 1837 Report in part of Molokai Station for the year 1837-8 admitted to the church on letter 2 " " profession 14 Baptized adults 14 " children 9 Whole number members in good standing 49 Marriages . 18 Scholars at the childrens station school 270 Scholars in all the schools 1061 Propounded for admission into the church 175 H R Hitchcock To the Chairman of the Delegate meeting Lahaina Molokai Hitchcock 1858 �Report of the Schools & progress Civilization on the island of Molokai May 1848 There is a school in every village on the island that can enroll 14 or 15 scholars. The number of schools are [in pencil over it: is] 19 taught by 31 teachers including the Gen. Superintendent. There are 1200 scholars. Of these two schools alone are professedly Romish which report 14 & 18 as their number of Schollars.[sic] But even one of these for lack of a popish teacher of sufficient attainment to instruct has employed one of our good men for its teacher, one of the early schollars [sic] of Lahainaluna who has the testament read and prays in school & even goes so far as I learned to my surprise as to hold his Sab. School & require his schol­ lars [sic] to commit to memory our "ai o Ka la." no one for­ bidding him. There has been an average daily attendance of 3/4th of the schollars [sic] of all the schools since Janu­ ary last, & where the weather was not inclement, almost all attend daily. But while the machinery is complete & in operation, Ed­ ucation is retarded by the lack of competent teachers. Out of all our teachers at the last Gen. Meeting, 12 were toler­ ably competent to teach. Since then 3 of the 12 have fallen into adultery. The best one has been taken by the Gov. for Judge. One not the most forward in book knowledge, but on whom was our main dependence to direct a large school & be its spiritual guide as well as a minister for their parents has been removed apparently by the will of Providence to be a Kahu Kula for the Female Seminary of Wailuku. We have [in pencil: a] plenty of indifferent teachers, but only a few competent ones left. To make up the deficiency of competent teachers I still continue my normal school, collecting all the teachers two separate months in each year, to instruct them more perfectly in their labors & practical duties. There was a small debt owing the teachers at the close of last year but now they carefully paid up. [sic] The schollars [sic] have taken up this year the system of labor recommended by the acting Minister of Public Instru ction, & I can see a rapid increase of industry among them. The boys divide themselves into companies, & work together for hire or in cultivation of food & in other productive la­ bor & with the direction of a superintendent & their teachers divide the proffits [sic] equitably among the laborers. The girls out of school hours work & on Friday of each week bring together & show their handy work, thatching, cord, hats, mats, sewing, knitting &c, the amount of which is noted down by the teacher each one's to her name. This plan received great efficiency at the station by the attendance & over sight of the mission ladies who inspect their labor. �24 Besides the common schools, the select school of Miss Brown has been continued during the past two years, the skill acquired in knitting & spinning by the schollars [sic] has acted like leaven in dough among their associates in prompt­ ing them to try to learn to spin & knit. Every girl wants to knit & if there was a barrel of yarn & a quantum suffecit [!] of needles it would be used up speed­ ily. Since the increase of industry among the schollars [sic] books have more been called for & paid for promptly. The system of trusting out books & especially school books is nearly done with. The domestic and social comforts of the people are not decreasing. I think they would compare well with what I have observed at other stations. The main improvement is in the cleanliness of houses. The health of the people has not been as good the past two years as previously. The deaths have been 80 more than the births during the year 1847. Many even of the most en­ lightened prefer the medical treatment of the native quacks to death itself to civilized medicine. The increase of industry has been more observable among the children than among the adult population. The older people seem to retain their old habits of working & lying still alternately. I have lately taken the census of the island & to get it more accurately have registered the names of the men, wo­ men & children. The whole population amounts to 4626. Report of Schools &c of Molokai by C. B. Andrews May 1848 — oo— Report of Station of Kaluaha 1848 [in pencil] In making to the meeting our Report for the two years past the missionaries at Kaluaaha are happy to say that they have been years of unusual prosperity so far as our own health, and circumstances are concerned. Good [in pencil; ness and] mercy have followed us. None of us have been visited with severe and wasting sickness and few have been our interrup­ tions in our work from ill health. during [sic] the two years, only one or two sabbaths have I been prevented by illness from preaching. surely [sic] in view of,the divine goodness and care we should feel more and more deeply our obligations to love obedience and praise. �Condition of our field The island is divided into six parishes or congregations and these into smaller sections. At each of the parishes there is now a comfortable meeting house except Moakea. [ !] where the house of worship has recently fallen down. Since l ast general meeting and principally during the last year meeting houses have been built in Kalaupapa, Wailau, Pelekunu, (Puahonui and Kameloo. Three others, one at Halawa, one at Moakea [ !] and one at Kawela are in building. So that ere long we shall have the happiness to see a permanent and commodious place of worship in every principal district of the island. Labours at the station and Principal out posts. The labours [sic] at the station have varied but little if any these two years past from former years if we except a meeting for the professedly serious on tuesday [sic] which has been kept up constantly. The sabbath is always opened by the brethren of the church who live within a convenient distance, by a prayer meeting in the house of God at early dawn. At 1/2 past 8 the children to the number of between 300 and 400 hundred [sic] have their school full half of the number and perps [sic] more than half, recite the 7 verses of the Ai o Ka la. This school is always attended by Mr. Andrews when he is at the station, when he is away the su­ perintendence devolves upon a member of the church, who I am glad to say performs the duties of his office with un­ usual faithfulness and ability. This school, after the ex­ planation of the lesson and exhortation to the children is closed by singing ( in which nearly the whole school join without a discordant note,) and prayer, where the children all repair directly to the meeting house, and the forenoon service begins and lasts 1 1/4 hours. The morning service is immediately followed by the adult sabbath school which embraces all the members of the church and as many others as an average is not probably less than 200. Bro. A [sic] su­ perintends this school when at home; when not the duty de­ volves on me. Connected with the services of this school is an examination of the sermon; questions are proposed by the preacher and answered simultaneously by all who feel dis­ posed. This is a very interesting part of the school and has resulted in great good in creating an attention to the sermon and in giving the preacher a fresh opportunity to ap­ ply more particularly and to press more closely the prominent doctrines and duties brought in the discourse. This adult school has continued from the very infancy of the station without interruption, and many are the members who have not failed at each school to recite from memory their seven verses of the ai o ka la, and who of course have each, during �26 the 15 years past, recited more than 4000 verses of the bible. No one means of grace next to the preaching of the gospel, has had so powerful an effect on the moral and religious cha­ racter of our people ---- as this school. Carrying the daily food about with them in their works, [sic] and journeyin g s , an untold amount of time has been rescued from being worse than lost, and employed in studying the word of life. After an intermission of 1 1/2 hour the [sic] all the children together with as many adults as please, meet for the afternoon sabbath school. The exercises of the scholars in this school are reading the testament in course 10 verses each sabbath. Each one usually reads the 10 verses several times over, so that the sentiments of the lessons become fa­ miliar. After reading each teacher examines his class on what they have read. After which, I go over the whole ground catichise and apply the lesson to the circumstances of the school. All is closed by singing and prayer when the whole school again repair to the sanctuary for the afternoon ser­ vice. This service which usually lasts less than an hour and closes at 1/2 past 3 is last of the public exercises of the sabbath. The people return home and hold social conference and prayer meetings. During the whole of the two years past there has been no decrease in the congregation for the most part of the last year there has been an increase both in the former and latter part of the day. In no previous year has the afternoon service been so well attended. The congregation at Kaluaaha embraces all the people six miles east and the same number of miles west of the station; so that a consider­ able part of it come from the distance of 6 miles. The monthly concert for prayer and contribution for be­ nevolent .purposes has been steadily attended and has been altogether one of the most interesting and best attended week­ day meetings we have had. We have made an effort to have the people present there [sic] offerings to Lord on the day of meeting instead of any time during the month or year as they have formerly done. In that we have in a good measure suc­ ceeded and have found it a manifest improvement upon the old plan as the contributions have nearly doubled, and the people' s interest in the meetings has been greatly enlarged. The do­ nations great or small of each one are noted down at the time they are presented so that I have at the end of the year not only a clear view of the amount of each month but the names of all the contributors. I write down usually more than 200 donors at the monthly concert at the station, beside nearly a hundred at a near outpost where I am in the habit of hold­ ing the monthly concert before sunrise. As soon as convenient the lunas at the different outposts either bring or send in the amount contributed at their respective places which I carefully enter into the monthly concert book. I am glad to be able to say that while the people contribute more in amount they do it with less effort in our part and more cheerfully and out of an enlightened view of duty. The children of the �27 schools are getting into the habit of giving the fruits of their own labour to the lord and it is exerting a happy in­ fluence on their character. Parents are taught not only theilr own duty in reference to giving to the cause of benevolence but that it is a sacred duty to bring up their children as far as they are able to habits of liberality. On tuesday [sic] afternoon a meeting has been held for inquiries. From fifty to 100 have usually attended. Several of these have during the two years given satisfactory evidence of conversion and have united with the church, Many continue to attend without showing marks of piety sufficiently clear to admit of much hope. The course of instruction in this meeting has much of the time been an explanation and appli­ cation of the doctrines contained in the articles of faith in the church, which they have as a general thing committed to memory. This meeting has afforded a good opportunity to distinguish between the really anxious and those who assume concern for their souls from sinister motives. The Wednesday lecture has been well attended though less so than the monthly concert and some other meetings. When present myself I have lectured on Matthew in course usually devoting one lecture to one Paragraph or subject of discourse. We have advanced to the 10th chapter which is now nearly fi­ nished. It gives a better opportunity to declare all the counsel of God than preaching from issolated [sic] texts. On thursday [sic] at 5 oclock [sic] we have preaching at Kamaloo an outpost about 5 miles distant from the station. Here they have during the last year completed a stone meeting house 40 feet by 24 inside with a good panel door and windows. The house is always well filled. It is in the vicinity of the schoolhouse and the scholars of the school form a part of the congregation. At this outpost there has been an un­ usual attention to religion for several months past. Several excommunicated members have given evidence of repentance and a goodly number of the impenitent [?] are actively engaged in seeking the salvation salvation [sic] of their souls. The papists have several disciples at Kamaloo several of which [sic] have during last two years forsaken them and come over to us— one is now a useful member of the church. The people from this district always attend meeting at the station on the sabbath. On Friday preaching is held at Waialua an outpost a district six miles east of Kaluaaha. The attendance here is not usually so good as Kamaloo and there is at present no serious attentions [sic] to religion. The children of the school are always present at the meetings. This district come to the station to meeting on the sabbath stay to both meetings and return in the evening. We regard the distance as to [sic] great, and have resolved to set them off to Honouli a district 3 miles further east, so that will, when the arrangement is completed have only half as far to travel to the house of God. The subject of discourse at Kaluaaha, Ka­ maloo and Wailua has been the same so that the whole congre- �28 gation listen to the same instruction as which is much the same as if they have been assembled in one meeting as they do on the sabbath. On Saturday evening is the general meeting of the mem­ bers of the church within three each [sic] miles each way from the station. This meeting is second to no other one in importance or in the influence exerted upon the state of morals and religion. As the instruction is always designed to be adapted to the existing circumstances of the people and opportunity is had for being more particular in applying truth and in exposing sin than even in regular preaching. I am sorry to say that this meeting is more thinly attended than it should be though it numbers more than 100. Out posts of the 4 outstations I have laboured only at two at at [sic] these, together with Bro. Andrews. One of us have always been present at Moakea at least once a month. Frequently we have gone on Saturday to Halawa, three or four miles beyond, held meeting with the people there on Sat [sic] evening and sab [sic] morning, and than returned followed by the people to Moakea the place for public worship. The exercises at on the sabbath are the same as at Kaluaaha with the exception of the afternoon sab school of the children. The meeting house 72 feet 24 inside, is always comfortably and frequently densely filled. The house is only of two years standing but owing to some defect in the roof it has fallen down. This may be regarded as a favour [sic] in providence as it was not in a situation to accomodate in the best ------ manner the population. Halawa having to ascend a pali nearly 100 feet high to get to it beside walking three or 4 miles further after they get up. Hereafter the meeting house is to be removed farther west to as was observed above Waialu a and the people of Halawa will form a congregation by themselves. The sacrament as administered 3 times a year at Moakea.[s ic] The members are above 200. The other principle out post is Kalae. This embraces a wide teritory [sic]. Indeed all the western section of the island. The branch of the church at this out post numbers somewhat over 200 members in regular standing. I have spent in company with my family about one 4th [sic] part of the year at Kalae. We have there a good dwelling house and meeting house which will seat from six to seven hundred people, and which is ordinaraly [sic] crowded. The place being about 2500 feet above the level of the sea. It is a fine retreat from the sultry climate of the seaside, where we not only are in the midst of our work but in circumstances to improve our healt h . At this outpost as at Moakea the Sacrament Is administered 3 times a year. Of the other two stations Pelekunu and Wailau on the windward side of the island I leave to the report of my assistant, who has had the only care of them since he has �29 been in the field. [sic] and merely remark that in the former place especially the word of good has seemed to take root and to flourish like the vegetation of nature in their fruit­ ful valley. Out of a population of about 100 there some 40 church members almost all the people are serious and live in peace and contribute willingly to the building up of the redeemers Kingdom abroad. I should say much more about these two outposts, but I hope to hear a full report from their Pastor. Female department of labour. This has been more vigor­ ously and efficiently sustained the past two years than for many previous years. Mrs. H has succeeded in getting a sys­ tem of instruction and supervision established among the women, which already begins to show excellent fruit and which will doubtless, if her life and health are spared show much more. On Thursday of every other week she holds what is called the mothers meeting, or society. The conditions of membership of this meeting are cleanliness of person, Industry--Faithful care of family--neatness in house &c. There are similar meet­ ings in all the principal districts of the island of which the one at the station is regarded as the parent. Over each is placed lunas whose vigilance and faithfulness under the instructions of Mrs. H, has a decidedly salutary influence in their places. Beside this Mrs. H has a weekly school for teachers-— in which she explains to them in chapter or a part of a chap­ ter of the bible. The next day all these teachers meet with as many women as can be prevailed with to attend, and repeat as nearly as she can the explanations given the day before. so that in many, if not in all the districts of the island the women have schools for reading the word of God. In con­ nexion [sic] with the mothers meeting or I might say the meet­ ing itself is a society for the relief of the poor which makes semi-anual [sic] donations for that object, and this embraces all the districts of the island so that the call for the con­ tribution of the poor is as much expected as the pay for salary or for the monthly concerts. Scores of those sick and help­ less have been clothed and made comparatively comfortable. Mrs. H has also a meeting with the women on friday [sic] afternoon to which all come who please. Our women are before the men in every good work and show more decided ----- attatchment to the saviour and it is much owing to the influence which religion possesses over them that the other sex are as faithful and steafast [sic] as these. A little labour [sic] expended on the former seems to be much more effectual than a much ---- greater amount expended on the latter. State of religion. If a uniformly good attendence on public worship, and observance of the means of grace and a �30 liberal contribution for the support of the gospel among them­ selves and for its spread in other lands together with a con­ siderable increase of the church be indictave [ !] of prosperity --- than has religion been in a prosperous state among us for these two years past. But Blessed be God we have more satisfactory evidence of the prosperity of cause especially for the last year. In the Increased activity and prayerful­ ness prayerfulness [sic] of professors of religion, and in the increase of attention to the concerns of the soul among the impenitent. For the last 12 months past, our congrega­ tion on the sabbath has been unusually full and has contained many young men and women who before were not in the habit of being present. The congregation in the afternoon has been nearly as full as that of the morning. About 4 months ago and simultaneously with the same thing at Honolulu and Lahaina Several [sic] church members at Kalua­ aha were found praying together in the house of God in the after part of the night. The meeting was soon attended by several fallen church members and some others who seemed to be deeply impressed with their guilt. The Bell [sic] rings frequently at 3 in the morning and always before or at 4. Thinking that rising so long before day might do more hurt than good I proposed that the bell be rung later but they felt hurt at the proposal. There is now w hat may be called a revival in Halawa, Wailau, Pelekunu, and in all most every district on the island there is an unusual interest manifested in the means of grace. So that although the actual conversion of souls is a hidden matter yet we have great grounds to hope that not a few have been thus converted and are now on the way to heaven. At Halawa some six weeks ago at a meeting for the anxious, I found nearly 100 who professed to b e seeking salvation. [sic] And Christians earnestly engaged in praying for them. At Wailau I have been informed only two remain careless in the whole village. At Pelekunu the work has been silently progressing for many months and nearly all the inhabitants of the valley are either professing Christians or are more or less serious. I know not that any - - - - - stand aloof from the Pono. At Kalaupapa there has for most of the time since last general meeting been a pleasing attention to religion and some few members of the church have been awake [sic] in the work of the ---- Lord. At Kalae the attention to religion was greater last year than it has been this there were [sic] last year several hope­ ful conversions at that post. Kaluakoe the most distant part of the island has been visited with the special influences of the spirit. The school teacher and his wife has [sic] been most engaged and the result has been that they are now surrounded by a little band of praying souls. So distant are they from the station and so �31 small is the number that we have never visited them but once. and they rarely can come under the sound of our voices. At our last residence at Kalae, they however in mass came and sp ent several days that they might hear the word of God, Temperance. It is known to the brethren all the children of Molokai of suitable age to attend school are banded together in a juvenile temperance society in which they pledged to ab­ stain wholly and forever from all intoxicating drink from the use of tobacco and from the practice of gambling. This society has its aniversary [sic] on new years day of each year. These two years past this aniversary [sic] has been unusually interest ing connected as it has been with the general examination of schools and with the convocation of --- parents and children and members of the church at Kaluaaha from all parts of the island. The aniversary [sic] of 47 was signalized by the presence of king and suit[!] our lamented Brother Richards and several of the brothers from Maui. The one of 48 though not graced with the nobility of the nation as its predecessor was was the most interesting on the whole of any we have ever had. Report of these aniversaries so far as the children are con­ cerned belongs to the department of my associate. A s I should dwell longer upon them I will only remark that the benefit to the cause of education, Religion, morality and civilization has [sic] been obvious and greater as to give them a place among our most powerful means of usefulness. desire of getting into the church [sic] In conclusion I would say that there -- has been -- evi­ dently an advance made upward by the people of our charge these two years past. The more the Sanctions, and claims, and duties of religion are understood by the people the better ---- days are ----- prized. In the case of our people we are convinced that Religion is in no danger of being forsaken on account of the burdens it imposes upon the professors. But on the contrary it is a pleasing fact that the people are of their own accord involving their values in labours [sic] and sacrifices, and expences [sic] for its support which they would not do had it no hold upon their affections. Beside the support of Bro Andrews which they have more than done thus far and monthly contributions for missionary objects, and frequent donations [to] the poor, they are making up the work of building their meeting houses. In every principal district of the island they either have now or soon will have a commodious house of worship plaster ed and whitewashed with doors and glass windows all secured by lock and key from the intrusion of the quadrapeds which have been would [?] infest our sanctuaries in former days. Pour of these are exclusive for the public worship of God: meeting houses in the strict sense of the term while several are used for the double purpose of meetings and schools. �32 Native helps. Beside our pukus and common lunas we have one whom we about one year ago set apart for the work of the ministry so far as it can be performed by the native mind in its present state. He has a charge assigned him consisting of a parish embracing nearly or quite 1000 souls has a salary of 40 dollars in trade [?] per year and is giving great promise of extensive usefulness and had we 3 or 4 more like him we should not hesitate to intrust them a larger share in our labours and responsibility. But we have no more like him. But intend when we return to invest one more with the privi­ lege of preaching formally the word of God and with the over­ sight of the congregation in which he lives. I would here take occasion to remark that though on Molokai we could not without disaster to the cause dispense with the aid of such native help as we have yet when -- asked when in consequence of a good supply of native preachers and pastors Molokai will no longer need the presence of foreign missionaries I answer decidedly that the twilight of that auspicious morn has not yet appeared. The possibility of native born ministers of the gospel being able to sustain and carry on the institutions of religion and education which now exists lies far down in the blank darkness of night and he who fancies it to within 10, 20, or 30 years of our door is doomed to certain disap­ pointment. No hope could be more visionary and were it in­ dulged without the danger of defeating the arrival of the desired period at all. It might be passed over without notice But when it is made the ground of the enquiry by our patrons how soon we can release them from the task of send [sic] more missionaries to this field it deserves to be exposed in its true light. Any diminution of missionary influence in our field would be felt in a retrograde movement of every interest which we hold dear. But were this influence to be removed -------and every where within the period of 20 or even 30 years no other result could follow but the loss of all that has been done and the blotting out at no distant day of the last trace of piety among the people. I state not the arguments upon which I found these assertions. But have no fear that the assertions themselves are capable of being disproved. I there­ fore deeply regret that any favourable response should be made to the demands of the board as to the time when they may withdraw support of the mission at these islands. �33 Statistics of Kaluaaha for 1847-8 Whole number received on examination 1125 certificate 37 on exam--2 past years 162 letter 4 Whole no. 2 past years 168 dismissed to other churches 37 past 2 years 5 Whole number died 150 2 past years 45 Whole number suspended Remain suspended 30 Whole no. excommunicated 24 Remain ex 20 Whole no. in regular standing 10.25 [sic] Whole no. baptized children 5.51 [sic] Baptize 2 past years 114 Mariages [sic] last two years 115 Average congregation 752 Contributions monthly amt avails in cash for 1 1/4 years now past cash 40.50 Support of Pastor in cash 411.83 For the poor 75.00 Building meetinhouses [sic] 1200.00 Eleles taken 400 - - --------400 Books sold for cash about 150 doll 150 Whole amount �34 Report of Kaluaaha 1848-9 1. The Missionaries. Our circumstances the past year have been much as formerly. Our healths have been usually good, at least so much so as to enable us to go on with our ordinary work; & on the whole the year has been prosperous. Though Mr. H's health the latter part of it has been poor. From December to February while the call for all sorts of mission­ ary labor were [sic] more frequent & loud than ever we were unable to respond to them as we could wish. In reviewing the mercies of the year we see renewed cause for gratitude to the Great Bestower, while on the other hand, we deeply regret that these mercies have been so poorly appreciated. 2d Our Missionary Labors 1 st Preaching the Gospel. Usually there have been 5 ser­ mons each week, i.e. two on the Sabbath at the Station, one on Wednesday at the same place, one at Kamaloo on Thursday & one on Friday at Waialua. These meetings have of course been interrupted when the missionaries have been away at the out stations Kalae & Halava. [sic] It has been the design to preach to the congregation of the latter place at least once a month, while at the former they have had preaching about 10 Sabbaths during the year. Another interruption to the regular course of preaching has been the prevailing sick­ ness, which disabled the people from attending meetings. For the first 10 months of the year 48, little transpired to prevent the frequent & uninterupted [sic] preaching of the word. 2d Meetings for other purposes. One has been held statedly on Tuesday at the station for those professing to be serious. The course of instruction pursued at this meeting has been that of the catechetical kind followed by direct & pointed remarks, suggested by the circumstances of the individuals present. 2d The usual Saturday evening meeting for the mem­ bers of the church at which the time has been occupied in singing, prayer & a lecture designed to impress Christian experience & practice. 3. The Mother's biweekly meeting. At this meeting which consists of a select number of females who, as a condition of belonging to it, obligate themselves to cleanliness in their persons & houses & to industrious habits, Mrs. H. usual­ ly reads with them the scriptures & imparts such instruction as their circumstances require. There are I believe more than 100 belonging to this meeting, most of whom are usually present. 4 thl y T h e F r i d a y meeting which is held every other week & which is attended by all who are disposed to come. Mrs. H. makes it a point to attend this meeting as often as possible, & it affords her a fine opportunity -- --- of exert­ ing a good influence over the female part of the congregation. �35 5thly Besides the two above mentioned Mrs. H. has a weekly meeting with a class of female teachers. With these she reads & explains a passage of Scripture or rather a chapter & on the morrow these teachers assemble as many women as they can induce to come & impart to them the knowledge, as well as they are able, they received the day before. Lastly the Monthly Concert for Prayer. Of these we have usually attended two each month. One at Kamaloo before Sun­ rise in the morning. The people have usually been together praying before we have arived. [sic] Our time at this meeting is mostly occupied in registering the names of the numerous donors who are sitting with their gifts in their hands. This feeing done we lecture them on the necessities of a sinful & heathen world. The monthly concert at the station, which is one of our best attended & most interesting weekly meetings is held late in the afternoon, after having received & credited the donations to their respective givers, which last work occupies most of the afternoon. This much for our religious meetings. 3d Labor in schools, 1st Sabbath Schools. Of these we have 3 each sabbath. One before meeting in the forenoon en­ tirely for children. one directly after the morning sermon for adults only, & one at 1/2 past 1 P.M. for adults & child­ ren united. The school for children since Mr. An­ drews left has been superintended by Mr. Dwight. It was very prosperous up to the time the sickness intervened & for several months nearly destroyed it. The adult school consists of chh [sic] members & whoever else is disposed to attend. In this --- school the 7 verses of the Ai o ka la are recited from memory. Questions are asked & explanati o ns given on both on the sermon & the lesson. The school is closed by prayer. The third school is for reading the Bible, reciting the ca­ techism, singging [sic] &c. All three of the schools were full & prosperous before the sickness & are now regaining their former good condition. 2dly Common Schools To these we have been able to devote but little time the past year-less perhaps than in any former year of our residence on the island. All we have been able to do has been to have an eye upon them & to counsel the teachers & Lunas. Gladly would we have given more attention to this important part of our work, but our hands have been full of other more pressing business. Besides the above missionary labors, our time has not been unfrequently occupied in the care of & administering medicine to the sick; giving out books; settling difficulties between the offended & the offending; in taking care of the herd; repairing houses, walls & other fixtures about the premises. 4. The condition of our Field. (1) Religlous At our last Gen. Meet. a revival was in progress in nearly every part of the island. It commenced several months before & continued �36 with much decrease of interest for several months after. The features of this revival were in some respects different & more satisfactory than those which have characterized former religious excitements among us. One peculiarity was an un­ usual concern of Christians for others & the making of efforts to extend the revival to all parts of the island. Several of the brethren, when the awakening commenced, felt constrained to visit another village for the purpose of endeavoring to awaken the people. This endeavor the Holy Spirit favored, & the result was a general attention of that village to the concerns of eternity & the hopeful conversions of some 30 individuals. The brethren of this village in their turn formed the plan of going around the island for the purpose of convers­ ing with Christians & the wicked striving to awaken them to activity & concern about their souls. On our return from Gen. Meet. we found this company of itinerant missionaries at the station. Their report of the enterprize [sic] was truly encouraging & such as to leave little ground to doubt that they had been under the guidance of the Spirit of God. From that time the people of the most distant & unfrequented part of the island became anxious for their souls, & the conse­ quence has been the addition to the ch'h [sic] of some 18 or 20 from a district which has never but once been visited by the missionaries. & From [sic] all the accounts we can get (for they are more than 40 miles distant from the station) they are adorning their profession as might be expected. Molokai could not limit their desire to extend the Gospel & the brethren of Wailau actually came to the determination, if their missionaries would give it their sanction, to construct a small schooner in which they might go from island to island on purpose to promote the cause of Religion, & in which they might transport to market the produce contributed for the monthly concert. They had actually commenced executing their plan when sickness laid them asside [sic] not only from this, but from all other engagements. It is thought that the professed converts have more generally held out than in former revivals, which is another pleasing peculiarity of the work. At all events no doubt can exist that during the time embraced in this religious excitement many were born again--or that the angels have had occasion to rejoice at the repentance of many who up to that time were living wholly estranged from God. Coincident with the genuineness of this revival are the facts that in every part of the island houses of worship were at the time & have ----- been since unusually well filled, & that the cause of benevolence & efforts to support the Gos­ pel have never been so prosperous. More than 300 were propounded for admission to the ch'h. [sic] Very few of these tho' they were on trial --- several months have gone back & most of them have been received. Another pleasing & striking peculiarity of the revival is the number of young people whom it has --------- brought out from the ranks of the world. �57 Since it has ceased [it] has evidently been more vigorous, & has held a more powerful sway over the whole island than at any previoud time. There has been but little cause for the exercise of ch'h [sic] discipline. Indeed from Jan 48 to the end of that year not one instance of overt sin was brought before the ch'h or was known to have been committed by any of its members. Christians have seemed, at least many of them, to have had an unusual spirit of prayer and our hearts have been encouraged at the evident increase of piety, if not in the ch'h [sic] as a whole, yet in many of its members. It must still be confessed that the Molokai ch'h is a ch'h of Hawaiians, i.e. a ch'h of weak, ignorant, short sighted, erring, half civilized, suffering Christians. To this remark there are indeed exceptions, but with regard to the mass the remark is by no means a libel on their characters. [sic] & while on the one hand we can but admire & praise God at the readiness of their obedience to the precepts of the Gospel when clearly comprehended, on the other we are pained to per­ ceive the exceedingly limited nature of their knowledge of truth, & the consequent frequent failure in many to live up to its requirements. We are tried with them much the same manner only perhaps in a greater degree, as we should be with a congregation of small children who tho' on the whole they gave evidence that they are Christians, yet in their plays & intercourse with each other, either did not know or forgot the application of Gospel rules to the regulations of their conduct & as in the case of the children the heart of the enlightened christian would be pained at many inconsistencies, in the innumerable conflicts which their pride & selfishness would produce, so in the case of the Molokai, & I presume most other native Christians, much occurs to discourage & wound the feelings of the missionary while at the same time they are so different from what they formerly were, or even from what their impenitent & ungodly neighbors now are, as to foster in the breast the fond hope that though they are weak babes in Christ, still that they are babes; & that by a constant & faithful supply of milk of the word they will become if not strong men in this world yet strong men in that which is to come. Another year's experience has only served to strengthen my former conviction that the religious state of the people is by no means high enough t o allow the hope that were the missionaries to leave the work, there could or would be any advance. It is to be feared that our Patrons at home are laboring under the idea that the cause of Religion here has attained that high position where it may be left to itself, not only without hazzard [sic] of losing ground but with high hopes of its upward progress. If the influence of the missionaries on this island has been indispensable to the success which the Gospel has thus far had, the same influence must be continued to secure its future success. There is noother influence on the ground which could sus­ tain it. The ch'h at these islands is yet in the earlier �3B stages of its pupilage & treating it as having nearly passed its minority is the sure way to its ruin. The short relaxa­ tion caused by the present sickness in the regular preaching of the gospel & in the use of the usual means of Grace, has but too plainly proved that under God the prosperity & even the existence of true Religion here must necessarily for a great while to come depend on the faithful prosecution of missionary work. We dwell the longer on this subject as it is one as important as the maintenance of our ground on these islands which seems to be jeopardized by many of the mission­ aries leaving the field. We rejoice to say under this head that Popery has during, the year made no advance o n our island. It probably has lost ground. No less than five or six of its most respectable adherents have united with our ch'h. A goodly number of their children attend protestant schools. They have been visited by a priest once during the year. He forbade them to attend our schools, but his orders have in some instances been disregarded. Equally pleasing is it to state that Paganism tho' not dead is dying as has been evinced by the rare instances of the people resorting to their old incantations & supersticious [sic] practices for the re­ covery of health. In the late distressing sickness several individuals indeed have been suspended for employing heathen doctors. But the wonder is how the number could have been so small, when we consider their distressing situation & the powerful impressions which come by education & habit has [sic] upon a partially civilized people. 2dly Morals. There has been a considerable advance made in the morality of the island the year past. With the excep­ tion of a few cases of theft, most of which have escaped de­ tection, the year 48 knew not that I am aware of a single prosecution for crime, & but comparatively few cases of liti­ gation or civil ----- suits. This state of things was so remarkable that it was a common remark that the judge had little or nothing to do & was of no use. No instance of in­ temperance has come to our knowledge. The use of tobaco [sic] continues to be as unpopular as ever & breaches of the Sabbath by natives have been almost unknown altho' some foreign res­ idents or visitors have set them an example to the contrary. These foreigners have in some instances been fined. There are now on the whole island but 5 prisoners for crime & it is doubtful whether one of these was guilty. 3d Industry We are not able to report as much progress in this department as we could wish. In no one virtue per­ haps are our natives more deficient than in this. It is a painful fact that the great majority labor only to a sufficient amount to keep themselves from nakedness & starvation. Their heavy taxes force most of them to extra exertions. But steady systematic labor which looks forward towards a competency is extremely rare. Not that they are incapable of industry. This is not true. Place them in circumstances where labor would be reasonably repaid & no men would be more able or �willing to work. But such are their present circumstances that it is extremely difficult for them to break off from their old ------ beaten course & go forward in well directed labors for obtaining property. If o n for instance needs a house how great are the difficulties of getting one decent to live in & how strong the tendency of those difficulties to lead him either to dwell year after year in his leaky & half prostrate house, or to build another of not much better quality. The tim ber must be sought & shouldered or dragged by his own hands the distance of miles. It is a long job & cannot be otherwise & operates seriously against industry. Again with the mass of what must be. called farmers what in­ citement or encouragement have they to free industry - - - while the utmost proceeds of their labours are eaten up by the exorbitant taxes which they are obliged to pay to the Landholders & the Government? When notice was first given two years ago, that the lands were to be made over to the occupants, & they were told to send in each man his claim, an immediate spur was given to labor, & many without delay commenced fencing in & improving their little homesteads. But since month after month has passed & they are no nearer to receiving their lands than when the [sic] sent in their claims, the incitement to industry has ceased. Only let Government assign to the people the lands for which they have claims on record & industry would spring up like grass after the showers. While as things now are it cannot prosper. The women of Molokai, carry on quite a trade with Lahaina & Honolulu in hats. Thousands of these are anually [sic] made but the great difficulty is that they avail but little, first because their husbands eat up much of the income while peddling them out & next, that what little is obtained is actually laid out to purchase food or pay taxes, which the labor of the man should have supplied. No aspect of the nation looks darker or more hopeless than the present state of industry & it is surprising that the encouragements to a change, for the better in this respect, which are in the power of the government to grant, are so slow In forthcom­ ing. The missionaries, & perhaps it may be said religion itself cannot materially improve the state of industry while the present obstacles to it exist. 4th Of the Social conditions of the people little need be said after what has been said of their industry. It can­ not be expected, that, when there is so little effective labor, social & domestic comfort, to any great amount can exist. The persons, dress, houses, furniture of the mass have improved but little the past year. Very few -- are the families who have suitable apartments for either domestic comfort or purity. It is true that more decency in this. particular is found than was to [sic] found years ago. Still so far are the people from our views of social & domestic happiness, as to render the difference easily discernable. �In a few families we are happy to ----- see a more civilized, way of life. These are a great comfort to us. In some houses are to be found civilized beds, tables, chairs, cooking uten­ sils & other furniture. But much more concern seems to be felt by the people in general to put what they can spare on their backs, in the form of fine & expensive clothing than to furnish their house's or Increase their domestic comforts. 5th Health Most of our anual [sic] reports have been able to speak more favorably on this subject than those from the other islands. Fewer deaths & more births have occured with us than any other part of the group. This report will not probably fall behind in the record of sickness & death. No former year has been like this in frequent cases of mor­ tality & in the small number of birth even before the epi­ demic set it. This commenced with us about the same time as at the other stations. At first it excited but little attention or alarm. The measles made their appearance & left without any fatal consequences for several weeks, when an obstinate disease of the bowels was added in the majority of the cases & death began his work. This continued for two months, in which time [in pencil: 371] [or 311?] of the population were carried off or more than one in every .[sic] Halava [sic] the largest valley on the island & where there were m ore than 4 0 0 inhabitants lost one in six of the whole. Never were a poor people more unprepared for so terrible a scourge. Their miserable houses, the unwanted rains & winds & floods; their destitution of proper food & medicine; the insufficiency of well ones to take care of the sick; Their i n domitable ------ apetite [sic] for fish & recklessness in respect of diet, all combined to favor the ravages of disease & death. The diarrhoe [sic] had not subsided before the most distres­ sing (perhaps whooping) cough set in, which owing to the al­ ready emaciated frames of multitudes greatly helped forward the work of death. The sickness has been very fatal to the aged & infirm, to females near confinement or just after & by far the greater part of the children born the latter part of the year have been carried off. So that of the very few births which have taken place during the year probably but a very small portion are now alive, Deaths were still fre­ quent during the months of January & February, so that the percentage of Death must ------ be considerably greater than it was when the census was taken, & now tho the prevailing diseases are over very many who had escaped death will doubt­ less soon become its victims in consequence of coughs & con­ sumptions which those diseases have occasioned. In connec­ tion with the ravages of the pestilence it may not be impro­ per to notice those of the storm. Never have we known on Molokai two months Of such sunless days as these of the last two of the year. /Clouds & darkness literally over­ spread the heavens. The bellowing of the winds the h e a v y roar of the ocean & the gloomy sound of the mighty rains kept concert with the groans of the dying & the moanings of �the bereaved. We have nearly experienced storms & rains before, the flood which so nearly destroyed Br. P [ogue] was a dreadful one but with us it did not compare in violence or destruct­ iveness with the one of December last. After a constant & powerful rain of many hours between midnight & morning the mountain torrent like an avalanch [sic] rushed down upon us. It had gorgue [gorged] out for itself a new & deep gulph [sic] whose large rocks & heavy stones, it bore like feathers on its foaming surge & piled them in hugh [sic] masses in the rear of our dwellings. So heavy & violent was the rush that it broke to pieces a strong gate before Miss Browne's door; burst open her cook room door carried away the opposite wall, & bore off on its bosom nearly every thing in the room. In this critical condition Miss B, was forced out in the drench­ ing rain & the stream to cry for help. Meanwhile both flood & rain increased & her whole premises were in danger of being overwhelmed, & her self of being carried away. The natives who ran to her relief brought constant reports that the wa­ ters were increasing rapidly between us. The goods were re­ moved by the kindness of the natives to Mr. Dwight's house & the current so far turned off as to prevent its tearing down hers. Meanwhile it had wreanched [sic] of [sic] the strong iron hinges from a new gate in Mr. D's yard, torn the strong & deep set posts out of the ground & passing through his yard filled his cellar & buried with gravel & stones a new flower garden which he had with great care been making. Owing to very thick stone wall in the rear Mr. Hitchcock's premises were comparitively [sic] safe, tho' his cellar began to fill & a powerful stream ran through one of his rooms. With returning day the the [sic] rain ceased & with it the torrent; but the light only revealed the devestations of the night. A broad area back of our house had been deeply covered with stones & nearly ruined. A deep & frightful gorge has been dug between us & our nearest neighbors. The whole course of the water had, by the filling up of the old channel, turned directly upon us. The flats below us were under water. The walls around the premises had been prostrated in many places & one newly built to defend Miss Browne had been most of it either carried off or buried under a new accumulation of stones. Boards which had been used for defenses had been buried, stones in great quantities had been deposited on our gardens. A new & deep ditch cut alon [g] side within a few inches of our Bell house, & our boat, which had been made fast the night before in a small harbor near by, had parted all its cables & drifted on the bosom of the tide, onto the wall of the fish pond. In fine nature had assumed a dreary aspect. The ces­ sation of these troubles was barely long enough to enable us to prepare for a fresh attack, or for several repeated attacks of the crazy elements. By a perseverance unusual in natives we succeeded in fortifying our premises by an �42 embankment of stones & in opening a new channel for succeed­ ing torrents, which soon made their appearance in rappid [sic] succession. One of these demolished the kitchen of Mr. Dwight's house, & had we not been better prepared for it, would have been nearly as devastating as the first. No re­ membrance is had by the oldest persons on the island of any flood like these. It has changed the face of the land & new & deep water courses now exist where there were none before; while the old ones are so enlarged as to be scarcely known. The rains finally ceased, but the winds were not pacified, but long & dreary weeks they continued to howl & keep old ocean in a foam. Never has intercourse between us & Maui been so long interrupted. This state of the weather en­ hanced the severity of the other judgments of God. Not only have the people suffered in their persons, but very serious­ ly in their property. At Halawa & Honouli the people had labored hard to provide themselves meeting houses. At the the latter place they have just got ---- their thatch when sickness prevented their doing anything more to secure it, & the consequence has been its utter demolition by the flood. The walls of the one at Halawa were as fine a specimen of native masonry as the islands could produce & were all pre­ pared for the roof. They are now a heap of ruins! Three schoolhouses between the station & Halava [!] have also been demolished--two of them entirely, one of them nearly so, so that now there is no house either for schools or public worships between the two places. Several other school­ houses partly built have been destroyed. So discouraged & weak are the people that there can be little hope of their soon reconstructing these buildings. Owing to the very un­ favorable state of the weather & the inability of the people very little plating has been done. The food of most is exhausted & there has already been much suffering from hun­ ger. Many have been driven to the mountains in pursuit of roots as the only relief from starvation. During the sick­ ness we supplied with medicine, rice, pia [arrow root], bread & molasses all who applied for them & many who did not & no small relief has we hope been given to the distressed & afflicted. It is to be regretted that the sick many times refused our help or did not abide by the instructions given. But most cases where our medicine could be seasonably given & when our directions were followed resulted in a cure. Long must the nation suffer from the effects of this remarkable visitation of God. We should have said that owing to the unusual inability of the people to attend, our meetings on the Sabbath were nearly abandoned & all other meetings entire­ ly so for several weeks. It was not until February that our sanctuary became again filled & our religious meetings at­ tended. The meetings even now are not so well attended as they were before the sickness, partly because very many are still feeble & scarcely able to get out, & partly no doubt from some having during the sickness formed the habit of �staying away. The children's not [sic] being generally gathered into schools during the week is another cause why our congregations are smaller than formerly. Exertions for the support of the Gospel among themselves. During the first nine months 48 of the people contributed [in pencil: $280.66] in cash for the salary of the mission­ aries, a sum considerably in advance of what they have con­ tributed for this purpose in any former year & it can be truly said that the payment of this sum was made with a promptness & cheerfulness before unknown. After long experience they seem to have learned that the Gospel is a personal as well as public good & that a few cents paid annually for its sup­ port was not money thrown away. The ease & cheerfulness with which they have contributed this much for our support, while it defends us from the imputation of oppression in calling --- -- upon them for it, shows conclusively the benefit which it confers upon themselves. One thing is plain. Poor & desti­ tute & degraded as ---- are many of our people are, what they have contributed for the support of the Gospel has not made them more so. So many are the advantages which have already resulted to the people themselves from a voluntary contribu­ tion for the support of the Gospel, that it would be hazzardous [sic] to their best interests both temporal & spiritual to relieve them from the burden. But contributions in money are far from being the only, or the greatest sacrifices they have made for the enjoyment of religion. They have been re­ markably alive & self-denying in erecting large & pleasant places of worship. 3 of these have been dedicated since Gen. Meeting. One of them is 60 feet by thirty--stone laid up in mud-mortar, plastered & whitewashed; with substantial roof pannel [sic] doors, glass windows & fine clean mats. The whole of this was done by their own labor & expense, with the exception of a few dollars & now it is delightful to meet with them & see how they enjoy the fruits of their labors. In Pelekuna [ !] & Wailau, two deep dismal vallies with only about 100 or 150 inhabitants each, by dint of hard labor they have each a house of the same kind, but of less size: & the cleanliness & pleasantness of these sanctuaries of God, com­ pared with the miserable habitations of the people, allure many to public worship who otherwise would probably not at­ tend. Following on in the same direction on the Kolau side y o u come to Puahonui [!] with its 50 inhabitants & neatly plas­ tered stone meeting house. After two unsuccessful endeavours to finish this house on account of the rains which destroyed their work as fast they made it, they --- as the last means resorted to special prayer that the rains might be so far restrained as to enable them to complete God’s house. This prayer was answered to the letter & they met with no more hinderance [sic] to the work till it was completed. After they had --- got the roof on another insurmountable obstacle presented itself to the full realization of their wishes. It �was the want of lime to plaster the house. No lime stone was to b e found in its region, or ever had been. What could they do but to call upon Him who has in His hand the treasures of the deep. This they did in solemn united prayer & the next morning a sufficiency of lime stone lay ---- on the beach, like the mana around the Camp of Israel, with which they soon prepared the material for plastering their house. The people of Halava [sic] at great labor & toil had finished the walls of a meeting house 60 by 30 feet & 12 or 13 high, had the timbers all prepared & were about to put on the roof, when the pestilence disabled them from doing more until the flood demolished the house. They are not however discouraged but are determined to rebuild the house In a more favorable location. The work is now going on & probably e'er another freshnet will be completed. At Honouli a house of the same ---- dimension had been got under roof but through some defect in the work it was unable to withstand the unparalleled rains of the season, & it fell, carrying with it sorro w & discouragement to the hearts of the poor people who had la­ bored so hard in putting it up. They will not probably re­ build it without aid as death has greatly thinned their ranks & disease & weakness abounds [sic] among the remainder. The house could not have been built on hire for less than $300 cash. Several other houses of worship have been commenced the year past, & will - - - - it is hoped during this one be finished: so that, if we may judge of the value of the people put in the Gospel & the ordinances by the sacrifices which they have voluntarily & cheerfully made for its support, it will not appear small. It may be added as illustrative of the samething, that without even the suggestion from us they have in several districts, that when there were no schoolhouses, put up houses for prayer meetings. In one land they have two of these, one for promiscuous meetings & one for females exclusively. Cause of Benevolence Up to the time of the general sick­ ness, the donations at Monthly concert had exceeded those of any former years. The average receipts per month have been for 1848 33 1/2 dollars. The system of giving monthly for the spread of the Gospel abroad has become established through­ out the island. This has been done slowly & by degrees. The means by which it has been brought about has been keeping frequently before the mind the state of the heathen world, & the imperative duty of all chrisstians [sic] to labor to send unto others the great blessings of the Gospel, which they themselves enjoy. It is a usual practice to devote the sermon of the afternoon previous to the monthly concert the subject of giving for the spread of the Gospel. The monthly concert meetings are made as interesting as possible by ing the contributions to their respective donors, by reporting to the meeting the amount received the last month, By [sic] relating missionary news & anecdotes of heathen usages & by pointing out on the fine missionary maps, which adorn our �45 meeting house, the location of the scenes which are described. Not only are the members of the church taught that they can­ not maintain a Christian character while they neglect contri­ buting for the spread of the Gospel; but more are encouraged to hope that they are prepared for entering the chh [!] who do not engage in the same work. We have also endeavored to im­ press upon parents the duty of teaching the children to give & the children of the schools have done no small part towards what has been raised the past year, The different lunas are instruct ed to keep the subject constantly before their various apanas & the people are encouraged to bring their gifts to the meeting instead of waiting till a future day. Care has been taken to inform the people that their contributions have been laid out according to their wishes. Appropriations of the funds have usually been made at the monthly concert by the vote, or rather by the consent of all present to propositions made by the missionaries. Of the contributions for the past year (48) 40 d ollars have been given for a scolorsh ip [!] at Lahaina Luna 50 dollards to the Home Miss Soc o f U.S . to help support Mr. Atkinson & 300 dollars to the American Board. One hundred of which is to constitute the King An [ sic] honorary member of the board 2 dollars. As usual the Mothers' meeting has made contributions fo r the poor in the vicinity. Owing to causes which need not here be mentioned the amount for the year has fallen short of what it was the last. Although it is not less than 15 [in pencil] dollars. I had forgotten to say, while on the subject of the people for the support of the Gospel at home, that we have remitted pay for salary the last 3 months of the year in consequence of the sickness & much has been done at monthly concert in consequence of the same although the case of the poor widow has been presented to show that few or none are too poor as to be unable to give something for the spread of the Gospel. Schools & Education We are sorry to say that our report for the past year must be lacking in that interest, which has heretofore characterized this department of our labors. The schools up to the time of the pestilence were in much the same state of prosperity as they had been in former years so far as teaching is concerened; & unusual preparations were being made for a more brilliant [sic]. Puali inuwai than we had ever known, & had not the sickness prevented, our hopes would pro­ bably have been realized. We have had 17 schools taught by 29 or 30 teachers at the price of 25 cents a day embracing between 11 & 1200 children & have had but one examination during the year the statistics of which we are not able to give. Our teachers tho' equally paid, even to an ignorant woman, are by no means of equal qualifications. A few of them are -- as good as can be found any where in the group, while the greater part, tho' better than none, & the best that could be got, are unqualified for their duties to say the least. The paying so many teachers so high wages, & the failure of the Lunakula's to exercise a proper watch over them & care over the avails of the Pahaa [!] resulted at the end of the year in the heavy debt [Paahao: system of work under the Hawn. govt. in which the common people worked out their taxes] �of [in pencil: $300 or 400] dollars. Of course the schools have had to rest, as it would have been folly to have kept them up without the means of paying the teachers. The Superintendant whose administration brought all this evil upon us, tho' the best that could be had at the time was less qualified for his office than he was thought to be. The teachers as a general thing have been permitted to keep their own accounts, as to the number of days they have taught, & as to the pay they have received, & there is reason to suppose that in some cases, if not in many there has been dishonesty practiced. A new superintendent, in many respects superior to his prede­ cessor has been appointed The debt by stopping the schools & purchasing goods cheap & selling them to the creditor teacher at the market price has been discharged & some of the schools have been recommenced. The number of teachers has been diminish­ ed & the ways of some of the remainder reduced so that it is to be hoped we shall hereafter avoid falling into debt & be able to keep the schools in operation the whole term. Some districts are wholly destitute of schoolhouses. When the children of Molokai will recover from the injury so long a freedom from the salutary restraints of a school has done them we cannot say; but so obvious have been the evils that we shall hereafter endeavour, so far as we are able, to prevent the recurrence of the same evils again. Hawaiian children, with very few exceptions have no government at home, & the Hoomaha Kula is but another name for relief from all moral & religious restraint. As always before, so still, our schools suffer greatly from the want of properly qualified teachers. Were this difficulty removed it would do more for the interest of schools than all other means put together: & whereever a [sic] he should be regarded as with his weight in gold. For further particulars of our schools I must refer you to the minister of Instruction. Only one of all the teachers have [!] died during the year. Soon after writing the above, the Governor gave orders to his Luna on Molokai, who had been taking quarterly payments of the people for the Paahao, to do so no more, but to require pay at once for the full year, this will operate very unfavour­ ably for our schools at least this year as all the cash that could be raised has been required to cancel the debt. There has been little labor done these many months past, & the labor of the Paahao at present cannot be made available, to any very great extent, to the payment of teachers this year. Most of the men will try hard to get 1/2 a [sic] dollar [sic] for three months & when the 3 months are out they ---- will be more unwilling than ever to return to the Paahao, so that the greater part would pay the cash for the whole year if allowed to do it part -- at a time, whereas but few can & fewer will pay in advance for tire whole year -- ------- -- -- -- & it is our opinion that ----- Paahao of Molokai at $2 cash for the year will go farther in the support of schools than the whole could do if paid in Labor. "school vacation" �47 Native Helpers These consist in members of the ch'h [sic] called pukus & lunas, & have not been different the past year from former ones. So important is the aid offered by them that it would be impossible without them to go forward with our work with success. As a usual thing they are truly good men & willing to labor for the cause. Besides these lunas we have 3 native ------- preachers one of whom was licensed two years ago. He has thus far shown himself worthy of the confidence reposed in him. He h as a field of 120 or 30 ch'h members & a congregation of two. He is beloved & respected by the people & had the ch'hs [sic] of Hawaii a sufficiency of such preachers it would be a good blessing. Kanakaokai, a graduate of the first class of the high school, & who has spent many years at Kalaupapa; & by whose activity & faithful- - [sic] labors that people have been raised from a state of the greatest darkness & stupidity, to a high stand among the native Christ­ ians, was examined last summer by Brethren Alexander, Andrews & ourselves, & a license was given him to preach the Gospel. Lokomaikai, a man of first rate mind & hopeful piety, but of no school education, tho' not licensed, is engaged in the same labors as the others, & promises to be an efficient fellow laborer. God has greatly afflicted him. His wife, with whom he had lived for many years in the greatest harmony & affection, was seized with with [sic] a disease in the head. She became deranged, & while he was asleep, escaped & has not been seen since. Several weeks after her departure a person appearing insane was seen by several & search was made hoping to find her, but the search has discovered ------- not the least trace of her. Her loss is a great detriment to the ch'h under their care. She was a kind & pleasant person & had secured to an unwonted degree the affections of the people & an influence over the females of the place. The native preachers are not expected to spend all their time in laboring for the Spiritual good of the people. It has. been thought that being obliged to labor for a part of their support would tend to lessen the temptations to sin, which so thickly beset the idle everywhere, but especially of this land. And as idleness is perhaps now the greatest sin in the church. It was hoped that the example of their teachers in the kalo patch, a potato field, or with their net in the ocean, would render more respectable what by common consent has been regarded as a disgrace to the luna, from the King downward to the lowest. They are paid 50 dollars in trade a year. This is sufficient to clothe themselves & families, while they are to procure their own food by their own industry. Four of our most efficient & esteemed lunas ---- have died the past year, & it is confidently hoped now are enjoying in Heaven the fruits of the blessed religion they so long labored to extend to others. Secular Matters The Herd This consists of 12 head [sic] of all sizes & �4© ages. On account of the severe laws for damage the care of the herd has become more troublesome & expensive than formerly. Until of late we have paid the Kahu $1.50 a month we now pay him $2.50. The time is near at hand when we must have a sepa­ rate pasture for our cattle ---- or be obliged to dispose of them which last is becoming more & more difficult to do. There are numerous herds in our vicinity & if no other difficulty occur [sic] that of want of food for them all will be an in­ surmountable one to their remaining where they are. The mount­ ain part of Kaluaaha should in some way -- be procured from the Government without delay, It can be converted into pasture with as little disturbance to the people as any other tract of land. We would request therefore that measures be taken to secure it for the mission herd. Will not the government sell it & take pay in cattle? Or will they not lease it for a reason able price for 50 years. Mission Premises These during the year have suffered con­ siderable damage by the floods & rains. Our yards & cattle lotts [sic] are surrounded by stone walls laid up in mud & cannot stand long continued & violent rains. A valuable lot of Mr. Dwight has been much injured by a deposit of sand & stones from the mountain, as also has his door yard. Necessity has been laid upon us to be at considerable expense in defending our­ selves from similar damages. We have built a breakwater con­ sisting of a stone wall 9 feet wide 3 feet high & [sic] feet long at the expense of 75 cents the fathom. This wall to render it effectual must have considerable work done on it. The following are the items Paid for turning off water in another direction $2.00. For building wall n ear [?] our house to keep off water $1.00. For making Miss M Browne’s wall $5.25. For walls round Mr. Dwight's- premises $16.50. [sic] for [sic] fathoms of breakwater. Our houses require repairs. Miss Browne's was partly torn down by by [sic] the flood. It needs thatching immediate­ ly & will cost at least $12.00. Mr. Hitchcock's house has leaked badly these several years & cannot be longer left with­ out shingling withou t greater expense than can be saved by delay. The frame of the roof is native timber & has probably become injured already to a degree which should not have been allowed. Another year’s soaking will we fear so rot the frame that it will have to be made new. Our house at Kalae also needs thatching & a roof for the cook house together with some other trifling repairs. We therefore ask for the purpose of defraying the above expenses. The following sums 1. For walls & water carriers 2. For Mr. Dwight!s house 3. For Miss Browne's house 4. For Mr. Hitchcock's house 5. For the Kalae house �Statisti cks [sic] Whole num. added to ch'h by con. do do do do certificate Received the past year by Profession do do do Certificate Whole number received past year Dismissed to other ch'hs " This year Whole no. Deceased " " do Last year Suspended Last year Remain Suspended Excommunicated Last year Whole numb [sic] Excommunicated Remaining " Whole number in good standing Whole number of children Baptized Average Congregation Marriages_____ Benevolence Salary from May 1848 to March 49 ------------ --- ------- ------" " May 1848 to March 49 " " the poor " For building chhs Census Number of inhabitants now living Number died since Jan 1 st 1848 do do by measles &c Died in 16 months 1 i n -9 1401 40 276 3 279 45 8 235 85 40 36 0 24 16 1129 750 52 $ 280.66 $ 280.66 15.00 [in pencil] $ 900.00 3821 453 371 by the sickness 1 in 10 1/2 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mission Station Reports - Molokai Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mission Station Reports - Molokai - 1833-1849 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1833, 1834, 1835, 1836, 1837, 1838, 1848, 1849