https://hmha.missionhouses.org/files/original/0f9fa28da7df74ebca273f064838b7a8.pdf de75cac1ced72cc2b8d5628e86b2fcb5 PDF Text Text EWA STATION REPORTS L. S m i t h .............................................. 1 5 3 8 SCHEDULE OF SCHOOLS & TUITION (printed form) .......... 1835 L. S m i t h .......... ..................................1836 A. B i s h o p ............................................ 1837 A . Bishop . . . .......................... . 1838 A. Bishop ...................................... . 1839 Unsigned (A. Bishop) . . . . . . . . . ........ . . . 1840 Unsigned ( A. Bishop) . ................ . . . . . 1841 A. B i s h o p ............................................ 1842 Unsigned (A. Bishop Report) (Ewa & Waianae). . . . . 1842 Statistics for Ewa & Waianae)(Unsigned).................1843 A. Bishop ............................................1844 Statistics for Ewa & Waianae (Unsigned) .............. 1844 Unsigned (Ewa & Waianae) (for two y e a r s ) .............. 1846 Unsigned (A. Bishop) (Ewa & Waianae) (for two years) . . 1848 Statistics for Ewa & Waianae (Unsigned) (for two years) 1848 Unsigned (Ewa & Waianae) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1849 Unsigned (A. Bishop) ...................................1851 Unsigned (Abstract of Ewa Report)............ . 1852(?) Unsigned (A. Bishop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1852 Statistics (Unsigned) .................................1852 Unsigned (A. Bishop). ............. 1853 Statistics ( U n s i g n e d ) .............. ..................1853 Unsigned (A. Bishop) ...................................1854 Unsigned (“Report of A. Bishop”) . . . . . . . . . 1855 Unsigned (A. Bishop) . . . . . . . . . ................ 1857 Unsigned (marked Rev. A. Bishop) .......................1859 A. Bishop (Abstract of Ewa Report) .....................1860 A. Bishop (includes abstract) ........................ .1861 Statistics (Unsigned) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1862 Unsigned (A. Bishop) . . . . . ........................ .1863 * 1847 statistics added �Report of Ewa Station (1835) M y Brethren w i l l recollect that E w a was one of the n e w posts Selected at the last Gen-meeting. taken into the account — And w h e n all the circumstances are Such as the illness of Mrs. Smith, the abso­ lute necessity of my building a house before she could w i t h propriety be removed fro m Honolulu to that place — & moreover, there being no School house in the vicinity of the Station at that time, & but a very few people there w h o cared whether they ever h a d a teacher or School house, or any thing else that pertains to civilization or Christianity; I say, these things considered, y o u w i l l Still extend to us the h a n d of christian fellowship, though w e may not be able to report any thing of a very interesting character. The Spot Selected for the Station is at " a beautiful Steam of water; ? ", b y the Side of & but a Short distance from the r o a d which leads f r o m Honolulu to Waialua. There I have erected a d oby house - 40 ft. by 20, one Story high. By the way, Kinau ordered the people of Waia w a to put on a tii ( !) leaf roof as a token of her good will towa r d us & the cause in which we are engaged. She also furnished the house w i t h m a t s . For plastering we use d poho (a chalky white earth) ins t ead of lime, w h i c h proves to b e a very poor substitute. Four months elapsed b e fore the house was in a proper Situation for Mrs. Smith t o remove into it. During this time I was able to do b ut little for the people except what I could do o n t h e Sabbath. do n o t h i n g in Schools for the want of a School house. I could It was at least a month after our house was done before we h a d any thing that can be called a School house. On repairing to that field of labour, I found but a v e r y few who expressed any degree of Satisfaction that I h a d b e e n a p p o i n t e d their �Ewa 1835 teacher. The great mass were engaged in hulas - rioting & drunkenness & every other crime common upon these Islands. One thing which particularly amazed us for Several months was their perpetual h u l a s , accompanied by howlings & intonations apparently unearthly & inhuman. These continued until the tabu of the Chiefs was published about the first of J a n . no h u l a 's in our vicinity. Since that time there have been Previous to the tabu, they d r a n k - fought - killed & burnt houses - & Since the tabu, one person has h u n g himself ! One day w h e n travelling to explore the nakedness of the land, I Saw a heathen god wh i c h m y guide told me was an object of w o r s h i p at that time. It was a Small Stone dressed i n tapa, & m o u n t e d up o n a heap of Stones, Some 6 , or 8 ft. from the h i g h way. Ministerial Lab o u r s . My congregation on t h e Sabbath for the first 5. months did not exceed 150. & Some Sabbaths not over 1 0 0 . But f r o m that time to the present the congregation has been gradually increasing, & for a number of Sabbaths past f r o m 6 . to 7. hundred have assembled on Sabbath m o r n ­ ing. M y usual exercises Sunrise — 12/ oclock. on the Sabbaths have bee n — prayer m e e ting at preaching at 10. A.M. - Bible class or Ai o ka La class at F r o m 50 to 80 have usually attended this exercise. Preach­ ing again at 3. oclock P.M. I have preached a lecture every We dnesday P.M. at the S tation — & occasionally at other places on Thursday. W e have also observed the monthly c o n c e r t . This has b e e n an in­ teresting meeting to all who pay m u c h r e g a r d to Sacred things. F or Several concerts nothing was given as an evidence that they really wished Christs kingdom to come. I repeatedly alluded to the fact that praying Christians in America do n o t appear empty b e fore the Lor d when they assemble to pray, "thy k ingdom co m e . ” Four months ago, different individuals handed me their hapa u m i 's (10 cents) & h a p a walu's (12 1/2 �Ewa 1835 cents) to the amount of a dollar & a half. I then proposed to t h e m the propriety of giving w i t h a Special object in view. A n d as we have no comfortable place for the worship of God, I Suggested that it might be well for them to contribute of the product of their lands, & I would endeavour to convert it into articles to build a m eeting house. The next monthly concert they b rought in taro - p a i ’s (bundles) of n a tiv e food - bananas - fowls &e to the amount of $18:00, exchanged w i t h Mr. L a d ( !) & C o. for three boxes of glass. which I The next concert, w h i ch was the first monday in May - they contributed in articles above mentioned - & goats, turkies & ducks to the amount of $ 27.56. w h i c h I also exchanged with Mr. Lad & Co for glass & nails. I hav e not been able to visit much f r o m house to house & land to land. I have been to Waianai ( !) but once during the year, & that was the 13. of Jan. I was then accompanied by brother Eme r s o n who perhaps will gi v e y o u Some account of that expedition. I was gone f r o m home three days & two nights. We found the people in a most deplorable state of a l i e nation from everything that pertains to Salvation. The first P.M. after our arrival 23 persons in all assembled - a number of these were children. on the beach. The next morning about 70. assembled This was in Waianai village. the farther extremity of the island. under an old canoe house. We then p r o c e e d ed on to At 11. oclock we met 9. persons At 12. oclock we met 44. persons under the Skeleton of an old School house. By the way, this w a s the only Shadow of a School house or meeting house that I saw at Waianai A n d I traveled from one extremity of that district to t h e other. At 2. P.M. we met 25. persons in a house where there h a d just bee n a hula. At 4. P.M. we met 50 persons u pon the beach. We then proceeded to the farthest extremity of Waianai, called Makua - tarried over night �Ewa 1835 4. & the next morning we addressed Some 42 individuals who assembled together, Distributed among them a few tracts - Ai a ka L a 's &c - & then Set our faces homeward. On my arrival at Waianai, only 5. individuals assembled at a meeting which we appointed the day before. I made a Short prayer & with Sighs & groans for those poor degraded beings I Set out for the Station at Waiawa. Dark & forbiding ( !) as things were at Ewa, I can assure you it was very grateful to my feelings to return to that place — not Simply because there was my companion, but because there I met a few who Seemed glad to See me. I do not recollect of Seeing more than half a dozen in all Waianai who appeared to express any joy on account of our visit there. Schools. I commenced an evening Singing School the latter part of Oct. & admitted all who wished to attend. weeks — Some 30 attended for two or three That number however was Soon thribbled ( !) & 90 was the aver­ age number for Several months. The School afterwards increased to 120. About the first of Dec. I requested the School to Sing with me on the Sabbath. The novelty of the occasion called out Some 75. or 80 persons who had not before attended. The succeeding Sabbaths there was Still a greater increase. About this time I commenced an evening School for the recitation & explanation of the verse a day. F rom 30. - to 60. have attended this School, & I have reason to think it has done good. D e c . 18. first — I commenced a School among the children — The School Soon numbered 40. & afterwards 50 . 28 pupils at F orty has been the average number of regular attendants. About the Same time also I commenced a School for adults; permitted all to attend who wished to, bot h males & females. Some 30 attended for Several w e e k s ; - the number then gradually increased, & about the �Ewa 1835 5. middle of Feb. we could do nothing more than read round once before it was time to dismiss. I then divided the School & had them meet alter­ nately, the men one P.M. & the women the next. The number of males was from 60 to 70. . & the females from 40 to 50. The childrens School met five forenoons each week - & the adults, 4 . afternoons each week. On Wednesday afternoons the people assembled for religious worship, consequently no Schools for adults that day. The adult Schools have attended to nothing but reading & mental arithmetic as yet. They first read the Ninauhoike through, & then I introduced the Kumu Hawaii. By the way I remark that we have 155. Subscribers for the Kumu Hawaii at Ewa. My plan of hearing them read has been to question each Scholar concerning his verse immediately af­ ter he has done reading i t . Some of them have made good proficiency in reading & appear to read understandingly. Our greatest encouragement however is with the children. I think they have made as good proficiency all things considered, as any School I ever taught. In this School I have had 4. & 5 female assistants who have aided me in teaching them their reading & other lessons. The children then formed themselves into a circle & I questioned them on their lessons, & various other Subjects; & concluded each School by Singing & prayer. With Singing they have been very much pleased, & I think it has been a kind of load-Stone which has bound them together. I would advise all the brethren & Sisters to introduce this branch of Science into their childrens School, provided they have not already done it. I met my Singing School two evenings each week. think has made commendable improvement. This School I �Ewa 1835 6. From the fact that every thing at Ewa was inclined to fly off in a tangent, rather than revolve around the Standard of truth & love, I allowed any person to join the School, & have not as yet requested any one to leave it; though it is very evident that 1 2 / of the present number (1 20) would make better music than they all do. There have b e e n but two other Schools at Ewa during the year be­ sides those taught at the Station. Two young men residing at Honouliuli h a v e taught one School of children & one of adults. ment. These Schools have made considerable improve- Samuel has been the reading book of the adults. They had also an exercise in the Almanac; & it appeared at our examination or "hoike" recently held, that they could answer almost any question that could be asked from that b o o k . We have had but one hoike during the year, & that took place on the 2 0 . of May, & was composed of persons who had attended School & no others. Others would have gladly joined us as Scholars on that o occasion, but I told them they had no part nor lo t in the matter except as Spectators. The following is a list of the Scholars as they were examined. No. of children from Honouliuli Do of adults Total N o . of adult females at the Station Do of males Do of children Choir of Singers Total taught at the Station Total taught at Ewa 31 19 50 51 73 54 122 300 50 350 The labours of the Station Schools have principally devolved upon myself. Mrs. Smith’s health has been Such as not to warrant her in engaging very extensively in the public duties of the Station. Yet with gratitude to the author of Missions I would Say, She has been able for the last 5. months to meet generally with the females for prayer & �7. Ewa 1835 conversation every Friday — 60 - to 90. the number who attended has varied from It is Some three months Since She commenced a childrens Sabbath School And She has for the most part been able to attend public worship one half of the day on the Sabbath. She has also visited Some from house to house in our Immediate neighbourhood. The climate at Ewa has been very Congenial to her health; & So far as that is con­ cerned we think it providential that we were located at that Station. Protracted Meeting. We have held one protracted meeting, which commenced the 1 5 . of April last, & continued five days. And So far as we can judge, the meeting was blessed to the conversion of a few individuals. A number of persons who had not followed the king & others in all their out breaking vices, frequently gave us to understand that they were ready to join the Church w h ever one Should be organized at Ewa, & they wished to be remembered as candidates. Their daily appearance - & conversation & conduct however was that of a "Pharisee” & not of a Publican. We are happy to Say that a number of that class have been led to See the error of their ways & the vileness of their hearts by the blessing of God upon our protracted meeting. Many thanks are due to brothers Bingham, Tinker & Emerson for the assistance they rendered us on that occasion. We held 4. public meetings each d a y -- one at Sunrise - one at 10. A.M. - one at 3. P. M. & one at 7. in the evening]; besides meeting daily with the church members belonging to the church at Honolulu & also at Waialua. The Special influences of the Spirit were evidently in the congregation during the meeting, & also for Several weeks after the meeting closed. Our morning prayer meetings were continued till we left for this meeting. �8. Ewa 1835 It is perhaps impossible to Say who have & who have not repented & given themselves away unreservedly to the Saviour. Still there are Some 12 or 15 whom we shall not hesitate to admit to the church. Some few months hence, provided they give as much evidence of real piety then as now. A number of others give more or less evidence of repentance & faith in Jesus Christ. And there is still another class who date their experience back Several years, a part of whom a p p e a r tolerably well; y e t they Seem to know but little about the awful depravity of the heart. I am far from attributing the convertion ( !) of a Single person to myself or my brethren, independant of divine aid. My experience in other fields besides Ewa, has taught me that the real conversion of Souls to God is the Special work of the Holy Spirit. I am therefore prepared cheerfully & heartily to say "Not unto us, not unto us, but unto thy great name be all the glory", for the conversion of one or more at Ewa during the past year. But it is our privilege, brethren to bow with angels before God & praise & bless his holy name for his renovating goodness to the children of men. Marriages. I have Solemnized 54 marriages during the year. Deaths !! The people of Ewa are a dying people. I have not been able to obtain an exact account of all t h e deaths & births Since the last general meeting. But my impression is that there have been as many as 8 or 10 deaths to one birth. I have heard of but 4 births on W a i a w a during the year, & all of these children are dead. I have attended �Ewa 1835 9. about 2 0 funerals on that one la n d , & 16 of them were a d u l t s . Very few of those who have died ever applyed ( ! ) to us for medical a id . Here I remark that though I am a mere novice in the m edical l i n e , yet the Lord has abundantly blessed my feeble attempts to h e a l the S ic k . This among other things has been a powerful means of drawing the wicked around us & even into the house of public w orship. Ewa May 3 0 , 1835. L. Smith. �Ewa May 3 0 , 1 8 3 5 . (P rin ted Form F i l l e d In ) SCHEDULE OF SCHOOLS AND TUITION STATION Total number of scholars taught by the Missionary ( Ewa ) ( Waiawa)- Oahu Total number 3 0 0 . including 122 who attend a Sing in g School 2 ev e’ s per week M issionary Teacher Lowell Smith. Men 73 males Women 51 females C h ild ren 54 Attend to re ad in g , w r i t in g , geography and arithm etic. Reading & Arithmetic 129 N o. of weeks continuance of the school. Singing School 28 weeks, Adults & Childrens School, 20 w eeks. No. o f days in the week Singing School 2 e v e 's per week Adult S . 4 days per week Childrens Do. 5 " " No. of hours instruction per day. 4 hours per day Average number of Sabbath Sch o lars. Average number of B ibl e class Scholars. 35 No. of n ative teachers. Scholars under them. Adult S c h o la rs. 2 C h ild re n . Largest n o . of readers at any p ub lic exam ination. Sabbath School scholars under native in s tr u c to r s . 75 Children 3 1 . Adults 19 1 4 3 adults at Ewa 85 children in a l l 180 - �May 1836. Station Report. Ewa. For Several months Subsequently to the last gen- meeting Mrs. Smith continued to gain Strength. She accustomed herself to riding horseback, & repeatedly rode perhaps a mile & a half upon a gallop. She continued her Sabbath School of children & occa- sionally took my place in the children's School during the week. She established a maternal meeting to meet once in two weeks & also a weekly female prayer meeting for all who could be induced to attend, though She has not been able to Sit up more than three or four hours at any one time during the year. Since the first of Jan. She has not been So well, & has not been able to endure much exercise. And for Several weeks past has been under the care of a physician. But I am happy to Say that She Is now apparently on the gaining hand again. My own health for the greater part of the year has been firm. I have been ill only one Sabbath; & then I was unable to preach in consequence of a violent attack of the quinsey. Schools. During the first half of the year the people of our district were almost constantly employed for the chiefs - making Salt - geting ( !) timber - wood, & money for their annual tax; which rendered, it impracticable on my-part to do justice to a School of adults. I have therefore had no School of adults during the year at the Station, except a Singing School - with which I have Spent an hour two evenings pr. week for the greater part of the year. I have had a School of children, numbering about 40, with whom I have met five forenoons per. week for the greater part of the year. The children have made commendable improvement, & I think my time has been well Spent while thus employed. There have been a few Schools �Ewa 1836 2. in the district of Ewa, taught by natives, though I d o not think much has been accomplished in them. On the 25. of May last we had an examination of all who have been connected with those Schools. Some 522. were present on the occasion - 200. or more of whom were children. On the w h o l e , they appeared much better than at any previous examination. Su ch is the present State of things with us that if I had given my assent, we might have had a thousand at the hoike. But I have no wish to encourage Such exhibitions. If the people do not attend School except a few days previous to the examina­ tion, they ought, in my view of the Subject, to he excluded from the examination, as Scholars. Religious Meetings. I have attended 18 public religious meetings at the Station weekly; (viz) a prayer meeting every morning at Sunrise - a meeting every evening to explain the verse for the day - except Saturday eve when I meet with the members of the church for conference & prayer. Five exercises on the Sabbath/ including the bible class. And a lecture every Wednesday P.M. I have attended three protracted meetings during, the year, One at Kaneohe in Oct. last - One at Honolulu the last of January & one at Waialua about the 20 .or 23d of March. For the want of a convenient place of worship, I have not called Such a meeting during the year at Ewa. A considerable number of Ewa people accompanied me to each of the above, named protracted meetings, a few of whom have since given very Satisfactory evidence of having become better men by what, they then heard & felt. �Ewa 1836 3. Monthly Concert. The monthly concert has usually been well attended, & Some few have contributed liberally on those occasions in aid of building a meeting house. By means of their contributions the last year, we have been enabled to obtain nearly glass - nails - & boards enough for our contemplated meeting house. Some 40, or 50 dollars have been contri­ buted also towards the carpenters bill. My congregation has not been very large during the year; though it has been gradually increasing of late. It has varied perhaps from 6 to 8 hundred Sabbath mornings. It is but recently that the people at Puloa & Haiawa have paid any external regard to the Sabbath. Now, in pleasant weather, we See Some 40 or 50 people coming up from Puloa in canoes on Sabbath morning. At present, I regard Kiolea, the head man at Puloa, as a humble & penitent man. I have more or less charity also for Kamalanai, the head man at Hal awa & I think they are exerting a happy influence over the people who reside upon those lands. Visits to Waia n a e . I have made two visits to Waianae during the year. was about the middle of August. The first I was then much more cordially re­ ceived than on a former visit the preceding year, an account of which, I gave at our last gen - meeting. On m y first visit, only about 70 Individuals could be persuaded to assemble for the worship of God. convened. But on my Second visit Some 250. Seven couple also presented themselves for marriage - a circumstance the more remarkable as the 7th commandment had been en­ tirely disregarded throughout that district. one seemed to be in the least hospitable - On my first visit, no But on the 2d visit, or my visit last August, things were materially different. man, Kapuiki, had become friendly. The head On my arrival, he presented me �4. Ewa 1836 with a Small house, neatly finished & well furnished with mats & Sleeping tapa, & said he had devoted that house to the priesthood. He then presented me with provisions in great abundance & i n a great variety. On my visit there in April last, the prospect was still more favourable. Kapuiki not only expressed considerable anxiety for his own Soul, but also for the people of that dark corner of Oahu. Some 7 or 8 hundred assembled Sabbath morning to listen to what might be said in favour of the pono. Since that time, a number have repeatedly come (!) over the pari - a distance of Some 20. miles, & attended meeting with us on the Sabbath at Waiawa. Kapuiki has also applied to me for some 250. or 300 school books. He is quite anxious to revive the Schools on the old plan. I Supply- ed him with the books, though I anticipate but very little good that will result from their labours. Shall fall into the ditch." "If the blind lead the blind both That district contains 1,654 inhabitants, & they need a teacher as much as any other dark corner of these Islands. "Whom Shall we Send, & who will go for us?" Census of Ewa & Waianae. Immediately after our return from the last gen- meeting; I took measures to number the people of Ewa & Waianae. We found the number of inhabitants on Ewa to b e 3,423. - a decrease of 592. in 4 years. The whole number at Waianae we found to be 1,654, a decrease of 214. in 4 yrs. It is indeed a lamentable fact that the decrease of those two districts is more than 8 hundred in 4. years. On the first of Jan. last a list of the births & deaths for the year 1835. was handed me from nearly all the lands on Ewa. And it appeared that there had been 130 deaths - & 41 b i r t h s - a decrease of 89. during the year. These facts are alarming & cause the mission- �5 Ewa 1836 aries at Ewa to feel that what they do must he done quickly. Organization of a Church. We organized a church at Ewa on the first Sabbath in Jan. Bingham & Emerson w e r e present on the occasion. Messrs Six persons, members of the Honolulu church, but residents at Ewa, removed their relation to that place. And 12 persons, 6 males & 6 females were admitted for the first time after a critical examination of the nature of their repentance & faith in the blood of atonement. Thirteen candidates had been propounded, but one of the most promising of them was removed by death, just before the church was organized. And not more than three weeks had elapsed after the organization of the church, before one of the Six from the Honolulu church was removed from us by death. Thus early did the Lord remind us that even church members hav e no abiding place on earth. The whole number therefore is Seventeen. (17.) We have had but one communion Season Subsequent to the organiza­ tion of the church, which occurred on the 3d of April. And we are happy to Say that thus far our little church have appeared to run well We meet them every Saturday evening for church conference & prayer, which we think has a good effect upon their minds in keeping them from Sinking into a careless & indifferent State; as well as from actual transgression. Baptism of Children. I have baptized 8 children - four of whom had been adopted by the individuals previous to their uniting with the church. Candidates. Four persons now Sta n d propounded to the church. A number of others give more or less evidence of having embraced the offers made to them in the gospel. �E wa 1836 6. Marriages Solemnized. I have Solemnized 78 marriages during the year. Kumu H a w a i i . I have 115. Subscribers for the Kumu Hawaii the present year. N ew T e s t a m e n t . The N e w Testament is at great demand w i t h us. than Probably n ot more of those who are earnestly desiring to obtain it, wil l be supplyed ( !) from the present edition. Hymn B o o k . The demand also for the Hymn Book about to be issued is very great. We feel the nee d also of a hymn boo k for children; & we earnestly hope that measures will be taken by this meeting to Supply the Stations w i t h hy m n books for children. (180 scholars in the Bible class) L. Smith. �Report for the Station at Ewa May 1, 1837 The present occupant at this station arrived with his family soon after the close of Gen. meeting in July of last year. of usefulness open & waiting for his labors. He found a door Two years had not elapsed since the station was first taken; & it was therefore to b e expected that the people would not be so much advanced in religious & book knowledge as at the older stations, and more expecially ( !) as the people of Ewa were just recovering from the sad declension into which their schools & their state of morals had fallen since the death of Kaahumanu. But there has been manifestly a gradual improvement upon the general face of society during the year. According to the last census, the district of Ewa contains 3,450 pe people, and they are all or nearly so within 5 or 6 miles of Waiawa as a center, so that it is in the power of every adult & child of a suitable age to avail themselves of the religious privileges no w en­ joyed at that place. have been various. The labors at the station during the last year The first and principal extra labor has been the superintending the building of a chapel. I was much relieved of the burden which this work could have occasioned me, had not most of the materials been prepared beforehand by Mr. Smith, so that I ha d only to step into his place and pursue the plan which he had marked out, availing myself of his direct agency at Honolulu which tended in no small degree to relieve the burden which otherwise would have borne upon me in carrying through the work. Not­ withstanding these favorable circumstances, my attention was necessarily directed to the work of building some portion of every day more or less while at home for more than 6 months. �Ewa 1837 2. The state of Religion at Ewa has been during the past year evi­ dently on the advance. The church tho small as a body, have been re­ markably united & in most cases have appeared well. Except two or three instances of private admonition there has been no case of discipline. During the last few months the male members, have been making laborious & special exertions to arouse the people to come out to the ordinances of the gospel, and their labors have been attended with favorable re­ sults. At the completion of the Chapel in February last, a protracted meeting was held at E w a. It was a solemn and interesting time, & we have reason to hope that several souls w ere converted on that occasion. I have a list of 30 or 40 persons who appear more or less clear in their religious experience, all or nearly all refer to that meeting as the occasion of their concern for salvation. Besides those there are upwards of a hundred who visit me weekly with the desire to ex­ press their views of of ( !) Christ and the w a y of salvation, concerning whom, I can only say they do not as yet give satisfactory evidence of conversion. There have been received 10 individuals into the church the past year, making in all 29 members n o w in good standing. There have been two examinations of schools at Ewa & three at Waianae during the year. During the former part of the year the people were so fully employed in building the chapel that I thought it not best to call them off to prepare for examination. The schools are quite backward, there are but few tolerable readers among the best schools, or even all the scholars of Ewa. A t Waianae there is a pecu­ liar destitution of books & of suitable qualifications in the teachers even to teach the veriest rudiments. I have made some effort to re- move the first difficulty, by sending them books w h e n e v e r application has been made for them. �3 Ewa 1837 The sabbath school in the Ai o ka la is flourishing and numbers 300 or more scholars. Two teachers from the High School have been employed during a great part of the year, one on stipulated wages & the other for want of the proper qualifications has received only occasional aid as his needs seemed to demand. Their attention has been confined to the children of both sexes, which now number about 150. The work of trans­ lating during the past year has been prosecuted with as much attention as my other avocations would admit. The greater part of the time devoted to it has been occupied in reviewing & preparing for the press the works of others. Besides these I have translated upwards of 100 pages of Bailey’s Algebra. It was my intention to have finished it, but other business coming in unexpectedly I was compelled to lay it aside, or have the press to stop for want of matter. One object of our removal to Ewa was the hope of benefiting the health of Mrs. Bishop in a cooler atmosphere than where we formerly resided, & wher e she might work in the garden & ride daily on horse­ back. This course has been strictly pursued during a great part of the year to the evident benefit of her health. She has not been able however to relax her diet, without in every instance suffering the return of distressing symptoms of dyspepsia. We shall feel it our duty in case Mr. Smith does not return to request permission to remain at Ewa, as it is probably that a return to our former field would be liable to bring on a return of the old complaint. A. Bishop Stated Supply For Ewa �Annual Report of the Station at Ewa For the year 1858 It will hardly h e expected that I shall he able during the few hours remaining for me to write to give a very extended review of the operations of the past year at the Ewa Station. A hasty scetch ( !) must he all that my time will allow. On the return of the windward brethren from general meeting to Hawaii, in July, I accompanied them on a visit to Kailua and Kaawaloa, taking Lahaina & Wailuku in my way. At which time I was absent from my charge three sabbaths; when my pulpit was supplied by the brethren from Honolulu. With the exception of 2 sabbaths, the one from illness & the other from absence at Waianae in April last, the pulpit at Ewa has been weekly & daily supplied with the preaching of the word during the past year. On my return fr o m Hawaii, my leisure hours were occupied in translations, book making, reviews of other works and proof reading until the end of the year, since which time the state of religious feeling among the people has claimed & occupied all my attention. Two hundred pages & upwards of Bailey's Algebra is no w translated and about 40 more remain to be finished, when the work will be ready for the reviewer. But as there is no prospect of any time the coming year to resume the work, I have concluded to forward the whole as it is to the hands of B r . Clark, who I presume has been waiting for it for some time past. There have been but two general examinations of the schools during the year, when they appeared to be on the increase both as to numbers and improvement. Since the revival of religion commenced in January, it was not thought advisable to assist the attention of teachers & scholars to a preparation for school examination. �2. Ewa 1838 A new school house of dobies has been completed here during the year. I t is 66 fe e t by 3 3 , p lastered & g l a z e d , w ith a thatched roof and contains seats & tables for 50 w riters and forms fo r who do not w r it e . as many more The extra expense above what was done by n ativ es amounts to about 2 0 0 d o l l a r s , one h a lf o f which was contributed by the m is sio n , in c lu siv e of what I gave from my own su p p lie s. The other h a lf has been mostly p a id by the people, and a small debt remains s t i l l to be p a id . The fo llow ing are the s t a t is t ic k s for the y ear. Marriages Admitted to the church this year No. of ch . members at the beginning of year D ie d Dismissed to other c h s. Now in good standing 73 329 28 1 4 352 The f i r s t admission of 18 took place in Augt 1 8 3 7 , and the second adm ission i n February 1 8 3 8 , when 21 were re c e iv e d . The th ir d and p r in ­ cipal season of admission occurred on the 6 th of the present month, when 2 9 7 were received from among the heathen to the fe llo w s h ip of the church. Scetch ( ! ) of the state of R e lig io n at Ewa. About the close of the year 1837, there began to e x is t some sense of the low state of r e lig io u s fe e lin g among u s , & prayer began to be offered more frequently for a general outpouring of the S p i r i t . On the last Friday of December, we set apart the day to f a s t i n g and prayer, in re feren c e to the coming y e a r , at which time confession of past sins was made, & supplications offered to God fo r a re v iv a l of R e lig io n among u s . At the beginning of the new y e a r , I attended the protracted meet­ ing at Honolulu together w it h about 150 of the Ewa peo ple , including �3. the church and the most serious persons among us. That was a refresh­ ing season to all of us, and we returned home prepared to begin more thoroughly than ever before the work of reform in our own & the hearts of sinners about us. Several interesting cases of awakening among sinners took pla c e during the month of January. At this time however there was nothing that could be denominated a general seriousness among the people. The Protracted meeting at Waialua which was attended by many from Ewa, was another means of stirring up the attention of this people. At our return from thence there were some 2 or 3 hundreds of inquirers to b e found among us. The sacramental season which followed, when 21 persons were received to the ch. was one of solemnity to all, and served greatly to deepen impressions. Immediatly after this, evening meetings for prayer and exhortation were instituted, which have been kept up every evening until the present time. The means which was used to arouse the attention of this people, seem to have been peculiarly blessed by the Holy Spirit. Especially in pouring out a Spirit of prayer upon the church, it became an easy thing to pray & preach, & in giving to the people a hearing ear, it has been a pleasant thing to meet with them often, to impart religious instruction. By means of these preparatory measures, and above all, by means of the Blessing of the Holy Spirit, there was an unusual seriousness & expectation upon the minds of the people, at the commencement of the Protracted meeting held here the last week in February. Their ears & hearts were open to receive the word of truth, and before the meeting closed, there was such a spirit of agonizing prayer poured out upon the church as I had never witnessed. A corresponding feeling was awakened through the whole congregation, and it became evident that of a truth ■the Spirit of God was with us. As the first fruits of this refreshing �Ewa 1838 season, there were enrolled 700 names the week following the meeting, all of whom professed to he seriously seeking the Lord. They were in all stages, of feeling, from those who were rejoicing in a well grounded hope of pardon & acceptance, down to the stupid & self-deceived hangeron, who has no sense of sin. This number was increased in a short time to nearly one thousand persons, by such as have since turned from their sins, and profess to have begun a new life. Out of the number thus brought in there were selected from time to time such as gave clear evidence of piety, and on the first sabbath of the present month, 291 persons were admitted to church fellowship, about one half of whom date their first true convictions since the beginning of the year. The work with us is still progressing, and we are daily hearing of interesting cases of turning to the Lord. Besides the daily ordinary means of grace used by us, there have been two protracted meetings held in the neighborhood of Waiawa during the month of April last. The first one was at Honouliuli 4 miles west of the meetinghouse, in a populous neighborhood which had never felt any special Interest in the new order of things, and where were residing several truly hardened characters, who used to exert a great influence on the side of evil. As the result of this meeting about 150 persons have embraced the side of Christianity who had never before come out to our meetings. They have been regular attendants ever since, and many of them give hopeful evidence of piety. The week following, we held a protracted meeting a(t) Waianae assisted by Dr. Judd of Honolulu. The meeting was well attended, and the only circumstance which we had to right was the crowd of people from Ewa which distracted in some measure the attention of the kamaainas from the solemnties of the occasion, by diverting their thoughts to the rites of hospitality. We however sought the blessing with strong �Ewa 1838 5 crying and tears and it came. It was a solemn & blessed season to ourselves & to the people of Waianae. Mrs. Bishop & I remained two days after its close to converse with such persons as desired to visit us, and make known their feelings. I conversed with nearl y 400 individuals, the greater proportion of whom professed to have been first awakened at that meeting. When I first came to Ewa, there was not a serious individual known to live at W aianae. Of all the districts on the Island, that was supposed to have felt the most influence adverse to the Gospel. If a missionary visited them, he was barely treated with respect, a few individuals would deign to give him a hearing. and The first indi­ cation of a favorable change in the aspect of things, was at the time of the dedication of the Ewa chapel, when 8 persons came over and attended the protracted meeting, and their attention became awakened to serious things. These became regular attendants upon the preaching at Ewa, their numbers gradually increasing as they came over every Saturday to spend the sabbath, until at the close of the year, they amounted to about 50. At the protracted meeting at Ewa on the last of February, they had increased to nearly 100 individuals who came over every saturday; the distance is about 15 miles across the mountain. The district of Waianae is at present in a very interesting state. The number of inquirers is large, and I am told that several have turned since we left. How m a ny of them will give evidence of true piety must be determined hereafter. I trust will never be forgotten. them the bread of life. An interest is awakened there that But they have no one to break unto Punihaole, a very good man, of Honolulu, who has been for some time their teacher is with them, and doubtless is faithful in doing good. But the people are needing a more efficient teacher, one who can lead them out and in before the Lord. As it is �Ewa 1838 hopeless to expect a missionary to reside among them, I would here apply for some efficient native to supply that place. Davida Malo offered me last year to come and live there in case he could get the consent of the Mission & chiefs. The mission had returned to their homes, and the approbation of brethren and chiefs of Maui not being then obtained, the matter has been deferred. I wish however to have the Mission take up the subject of a suitable supply for Waianae, and, if it can be accomplished, obtain Davida Malo for that station. The chiefs & missionaries of this island are In favor of the measure, and have given an invitation to Malo to come down and reside there. In case a supply can be obtained, arrangements also for his support must be made with the government, and the chief of the district now at Maui. One of the characteristicks of this wo r k of grace is the interest­ ing number of children who have become pious. There are with us upwards of 50 children belonging to Hooliliamanu's school who give cheering evidence of regenerate hearts. Prom the portentous cloud that hangs over the future destiny of this people, threatening them ex­ tinction, this, that so many of the children of these islands have recently become pious, hangs out before us a bright bow of promise. It encourages our hopes to believe that the leaven of salvation is being infused Into the rising generation, and that if we are found faithful this nation may yet be saved. There is another circumstance I ought to mention. The crowd that comes out on the sabbath has wholly overflowed our chapel & verandah so that large nos. of them are obliged to sit in the sun . The people are now collecting timber to make a spacious ranai in the yard of the chapel, where we expect to hold our meetings in fair weather, until such times as a more spacious building can be erected. A. Bishop �Ewa 1839 Report for the Station at E wa, May 1839 A kind and beneficient Providence has conferred upon the uncum- bents of this station, a good degree of health & an open door of us e ­ fulness during the past year. The direct preaching of the Gospel has been more abundant and more blessed than at any previous season either here or wherever else his lot has been cast. May the praise be to Him who inclines the ear to hear and opens the heart to receive the messages of Divine truth. At the commencement of the year just passed we were i n the midst of an extensive work of grace, which had been in operation with more or less power from the beginning of the civil year. Our daily meetings were thronged with solemn and listening hearers and on the sabbath no place could be found sufficiently capacious for the crowd that/ assembled until the erection of a spacious Lanai in the rear of the chapel which was completed in June. Since that time we have held our worship there during fair weather. There have been 2 admissions to the church during the past year. The first in May last, when 288 persons male & female were received into covenant relations wit h the Head of the Church, and in the following August a still larger number were admitted amounting to 454. Of these 2 admissions about 100 were from the district of Waianae, the remainder were of Ewa, with the exception of some few from other places then residing there. The first indications of a decline in the work of revival, were manifested in the falling off of some of the congregation, which con­ tinued gradually to diminish until it came down to its present station­ ary number, about 1500 in the morning and about 1000 in the afternoon. Daily evening meetings, however, were continued until the month of Jan'y �Ewa 1839 2. last, since which time we have returned to the former customary method of Wednesday afternoon preaching as the only stated meeting during the week for the congregation generally. The present state of religious feeling with us is low, altho there are a few cases of inquiries There are about 100 who stand propounded for admission to the church, the greater part of whom it is expected will be admitted at the next communion, and the remainder deferred until a future season, or perhaps dismissed from being candidates. I said, the present state of religious feeling is low, this however refers principally tho not exclusively to such as are out of the church. There is a good degree of religious attention among the poe hoahanau (those in the church) as a body, altho we stand in fear of some. Those who have been overtaken in gross sin, have been prompt­ ly disciplined, & either cut off or temporarily suspended from their church relationship. The effect of prompt discipline we think h a s been salutary, and will continue to be exercised as offences shall arise. Some of our greatest anxieties have been for the children in the church. Of the 40 received last year, 2 have been excinded & about a dozen suspended, part of whom have been again restored. Of the 20 members excommunicated none have been restored, and none have as yet given satisfactory evidence of true penitence. Upon the whole we feel that a great work of grace has been wrought for the people of Ewa and Waianae, which has already effected a great change upon the face of society, before unknown in those polluted dis­ tricts of Oahu. During the last 8 months we have enjoyed the presence of Mr. & us Mrs. Vanduzee, who have afforded xx valuable aid in the instruction of an interesting school of boys & girls. We have invited them to settle permanently at our station in the hope that our wishes will be sanctioned �Ewa 3 1839 by the mission. We propose to instruct a class of boys (in addition to the several branches of literature usually taught in boarding schools,) in the arts of cabinet making & the tanning of morocco leather. The hope is that our vicinity to a market will enable us to sell the productions of their manufacture, s o as to procure the means of support to the school independent of the funds of the Board. There is at the present time a sugar mill in building to go by water, on a scale sufficiently large to grind the cane of all the natives of the district who wish to cultivate it. It has been under­ taken not with a view to the emoluments of the business, which are altogether uncertain, but solely to encourage industry and enterprize among the people by affording them the opportunity to obtain the avails of their labors. The expenses of its erection are divided between Kekuanaoa and myself. The following are the statisticks of the station for the year. Marriages Church members at the beginning of the year Received by profession during the year Received by certificate Excommunicated Suspended & not yet restored Died Dismissed to other churches Remaining in good standing 65 64 742 2 - 808 20 12 6 5 = 43 765 Benevo lent Contributions to Mr. Smith's church 62.12 1/2 Do for school house, in liquidation of the debt 50.00 Contribution for teachers 90.00 Rebuilding of teacher's house Baptized the past year, Children Do in all Children 256 256 The schools are in a less flourishing condition than during the previous year. This was owing in part to the attention of the people & of the teachers being for a part of the time to the subject of re ­ ligious considerations, but principally we fear to the fact, that the �Ewa 1839 4. people have been called upon to support their school teachers. This fact we fear has had an unhappy influence upon the minds of ignorant pa­ rents. There is certainly a repugnance in their minds towards support­ ing their teachers. The station schools however have continued without interruption under the care of native graduates of the Seminary. The Sabbath school of Children conducted by Mrs. Bishop is in a flourishing condition. The weekly & monthly meetings of mothers have been kept up and vigorously sustained under the direction of Mrs. Bishop. The sabbath school in the Ai o ka la is large and flourishing containing on an average about 350 scholars. Only 2 examinations of the district schools have been held during the year. A. Bishop �Report of the Station of Ewa and Waianae for the year ending April 30th 1840 The labors of the past year at the station of Ewa embracing the district of Waianae have been performed without any interruption from ill health, and with the absence of your missionary from his field but one Sabbath. But he has wrought alone with his companion at a station embrac­ ing nearly 30 miles in extent, without any assistant in maintaining the schools. The consequence has been there has been but one district school in the whole parish except the one kept up at the station, by himself & Mrs. Bishop as the teachers. With the burden of school keeping on his hands he has not been able to travel and preach in different parts of his district as formerly, altho' for most of the year one weekly lecture has been kept up on fridays at some outpost, and. the district of Waianae has been visited every 2 or 3 months, on which occasions he has usually spent several days at a time at that place. The state of Religion, has been growing more encouraging through the year, tho’ no special religious awakening has occurred. A pleas­ ing and serious attention to the duties of religion has continued and been increasing on the part of a vast majority of the church; - the duties of private and family devotion have been kept up, but the scattered state of the population, and the distance from the the ( !) place- of public worship have prevented many from entire punctual atten­ dance to the public services of the sabbath, yet there has been no material diminution of the congregation during the year. There have been several hopeful conversions the past year of such as did not give evidence of piety during the late religous attention two years ago. Their admission to the privileges of Ch. membership �Ewa 1840 has been deferred for a season, sad experience having taught us not to depend on the fallacious appearances of the first profession a native may make of piety. cases of long standing. Those admitted during the year have been The Lord has been merciful to us in keeping so many stedfast, while numbers around and in the midst of us have grievously fallen into apo stacy. A prompt but kind discipline has been executed towards those who have relapsed into sin, by means of which many have been reclaimed before they had gone too far to give a hope of return to virtue. But it is painful to add that others who have been visited and exhorted to return, have but hardened themselves the more in sin, and cast off all restraint, and become sevenfold worse than ever. Upon such when the efforts to a restoration have wholly failed, the sentence of excommunication has been passed. But few only of those who have been, cut off from the church have returned to give God the glory. The effect however upon those remaining has been salu­ tary, and taught them the necessity of watchfulness and prayer as a prime means of preservation from falling away. A few weeks after the visit of the L'Artemise ( !) to this island I heard with surprize ( !) that a Catholic meeting was got up at Halava ( !) and another at Waimalu in Ewa and still another at Waianae, all of which were conducted by natives sent out by the Priest at Honolulu. Presently I heard that houses were erecting for the purpose of their worship. Many of the natives immediately became infatuated to run after them with greediness. But as they were such as had long fallen off from attendance at the Waiawa chapel, I saw no material diminu­ tion of my congregation. But the rage for smoking, the high promises of long life and a merry one to all who would turn to their party, y and above all the wonderful miraculous cures alleged to have been performed upon the sick, worked amazingly upon the imaginations of �Ewa 1840 3. this fickle people. The first case of any defection from our church was that of a woman at Waimalu sick of the dropsy in the chest. visited her in hope of reclaiming her from her delusion. I I found that she had been under the hands of the papal emmissary who had persuaded her that he could infallibly cure her if she would turn papist. consented, and he performed over her his mumories ( !). She Altho she was in the last stage of her disease, and unable to rise, she felt perfect­ ly confident that she should recover, and utterly refused to return again to protestantism. After using every persuasive in vain, and I was about to retire, I proposed to pray with her, but she said she did not wish it, and so I departed. The next day she was cut off by a vote of the ch. session, and before the following morning dawned up on her, she died. There have been several defections of a similar nature, but this was the most affecting of any. The usual m e t h o d is for the catholic to go to a person who is sick, and obtain permission to sprinkle him or her with holy water in the name of the Trinity and then pronounce the person cured. In the course of nature the person recovers, and is made to believe that it was done b y miracle. invariably becomes a catholic. hands. The individual Many have however died under their One of their leaders lately died at Waianae. It was confident­ ly asserted that he was not dead, but would return again to life on such a day. Out of shame, however, they buried him at midnight. He was a man, who in order to be like his priest, forsook his wife, and refused to give her any support, unless she would turn papist. The. woman is a credible member of my church, and is now released from any further solicitations of her former husband. The progress of papacy has been most rapid at Waianae, and has very much thinned the congregation. Some 100 or more became papists in the days of Kaahumanu, many of whom during the late revival there renounced their connextion �Ewa 1840 4. with that aoao (what one has been taught), and in due time joined our church. Some 6 or 8 of them have, during the year, gone back again to their old connexion, - the remainder stand firm as yet, and continue to appear well. And here I desire to solicit the attention of this meeting to the destitute condition of Waianae. It is doubtless owing in great part to the destitution of that place, that so many are turning to the Catholics. There is not a school in all that district, and no man suitably qualified has been found to take the post. tained, there is no means allowed for his support. Could one be obThe children there are numerous, and all growing up in total ignorance of letters. what shall be done. But Something must be devised for them, and a teacher must be stationed and supported there. We want one of our best edu­ cated men, a man of decided piety and good talents to take the lead in meetings. Otherwise the cause of Christ, so propitiously begun there must inevitably suffer and diminish. Almost the same destitution as to teachers, exists in Ewa. The only teacher we had at the station was taken last year by the king for a tax gatherer, and attorney for the district. His usefulness in that post, in superintending the konohikis, and seeing to the right ob­ servance of the new law on the part of the head men, and in preventing every species of oppression denounced by the law, has alone reconciled me to the measure. There is a teacher at Honouliuli a graduate of the Seminary, struggling for the pittance of a support, who has a daily school of about 30 children. He needs some patronage from the mission to enable him to get along. For the last 8 months, since the station teacher was taken away, Mrs. Bishop and I have kept up the school at the station. But with all my multiplied cares, it is too much, and cannot long continue. A teach- �Ewa 1840 er must be obtained and a support provided for him, or the school must cease. The members of the church have done something, and when properly organized, which is now we hope in the way of being effected, will do more. But it will be considerable time before the avails of their labor will be productive. Experience has taught us that there is no public spirit in the people to do of themselves without being closely inspected and urged on. We need at least 2 new teachers for Ewa and one for Waianae and they can doubtless be obtained, were the means for their support provided. government in this thing. We need the assistance and cooperation of the The only favor hitherto granted the teachers is an exemption from the king's paahao (system of work to pay off taxes), on this island, but I am informed that even this labor is insisted on at some of the islands. It becomes us while together to devise and earnestly recommend to the go v t . some approved plan for effecting this object. We can no longer expect that men will work for nothing. The people will not support them, for they know not the value of learning. If we neglect it, then we may as well fold up our hands and say at once let the schools go. this purpose. Permit me here to suggest a source of revenue for The usual annual expense of our gen. meetings is about $15,000 ($1500 ?). Were we to hold them only once in two years, then we might have $750.00 for each of those 2 years to be appropriated to the support of schools, wish (which) would allow about $5.00 to each station, a sum sufficient with the aid of the people & chiefs to keep 50 schools in operation, which are no w languishing or already out of existence. The church h a v e raised about $15.00 the past year for the support of schools., and about $100. towards paying for a bell. The cultivation of vegetables for the market has been mostly a failure, in consequence of their planing in exposed situations, where they have been destroyed �Ewa 1840 6. by the goats and wild hogs in the mountains. A piece of land for the monthly concert has been obtained, and will be enclosed as soon as it has been as yet effected. (Unsigned; A. Bishop) Statistics of the year for the Districts of Ewa and Waianae Whole no. received to the church on examination Whole no. on certificate - - - - - - - - - - R e ceived the past year on examination . . . . . Received on certificate - - none - - Whole no dismissed to other churches - - - - Dismissed the past y e a r - - - - - - - - - - - Whole no. deceased - - - - - - - - - - - - - Deceased the past year - - - - - - - - - - - Suspended the past year - — Restored, some of last year's suspension Remain suspended - - - - - - - -- 10 Whole no excommunicated - - - - - - - - - - - - Excommunicated the past year - - - - - - - - - Remain excommunicated - - - - - - - - - - - - - Whole no in regular standing - - - - Whole no of children baptized - - - - - - - - - Baptized the past y e a r - - - - - - - - - - - - - Marriages the past year - - - - - - - - - - - - Average congregation from 1,000 to 1,500\ 969 10 174 42 37 34 28 10 6 70 50 66 827 276 20 68 �Report of the Station of Ewa and Waianae for the year ending April 30 t h 1 8 4 1 . When the labors of a Station become regular, and the routine of duties assume a sameness from day to day, and from month to month, there is a liability of falling into the use of a certain set of phra­ ses, in rendering our reports from year to year, & As our labors are the same, or very nearly so, that they were during previous years, it will not be necessary to enumerate many minor items in our annual account to the mission. The continuance of our usual health calls for gratitude. I have been able to preach every sabbath, and every lecture day either at Ewa or Waianae without interruption. My visits to the latter place have been as often as every 2 or 3 months, when I usually spend several days in various missionary duties. While at home, almost all my spare time has been devoted to the revision & superintendence of the new edition of the Scri ptures. Pour protracted meetings have been held during the year, within the bounds of my field of labor, to wit, at Halawa, Waiawa, Honouli­ uli, and Waianae. They were all, with the exception of the one at Halawa, well attended, and solemn, and were followed by decidedly bene­ ficial effects. The frequent repetition of these meetings however in the same place, does not appear to me to b e attended with very striking effects, unless it be in a time of special seriousness among the people. Such meetings however continue to be popular, and prove beneficial or not in proportion to the spirit with which they are conducted. The state of religion during the past year has been on the whole encouraging. About the beginning of last July there were indications of a falling off to a considerable extent among the people of the �Ewa 1841 2. church and congregation, f r o m attendance on the ordinances of the sanctuary, and the social weekly m e e t i n g s . were indications of an incipient haunaele of drunkness At the sam e time there (disturbance; commotion), ( !) and riot, w h i c h had already commenced among the cath­ olics of the neighborhood, and was making its way into the families of m y congregation. Some 2 or 3 of m y chur c h had been detected in drink­ ing, tho not to entire intoxication. They were disciplined a c cording­ ly by suspension f r o m communion 3 months. But the alarm was raised. Information came that scenes of drunkenness were becoming rife through­ out the islands, and b e s i d e s .their own fermented drinks, pedlars were carrying bottles of rum f r o m the grog- shops of Honolulu into every h a m ­ let to seduce the simple people into sin. In this emergency the church agreed to appoint a day of fasting and prayer, and in the mean time our most able church members, including the elders, went out by two & two to every village and h o u s e in the region, conversed and pray e d w ith the people, and exhorted t h e m to return to attendance upon the meetings of the sabbath. W h e n the day of humiliation arrived, w e found a full and solemn congregation. formula of a confession and covenant, previously drawn out, The and adapted to the existing circumstances of t h e church, was read a n d r a tified by them, and as a closing exercise of the day, they all stood u p and r e ­ peated after me, the words of the same confession and c o v e n a n t . wh a t sincerity they renewed their vows, hearts. tears. With is known, to the searcher of W i t h us it was a solemn moment, and many were affected even to The immediate beneficial effects were, In the first place an entire sto p was put to the haunaele f r o m that day f o r t h through the bounds of my whole district of labor in Ewa and Waianae. W e h e a r d no more of drinking, except as individuals came to Honolulu & got In­ toxicated. �Ewa 1841 3. In the second place, the congregation immediately became enlarged to nearly double of its former numbers it soon became evident that the And the last, yet not least, Holy Spirit was in the midst of us. Many became deeply impressed, or professed to be so, many backsliders returned, and Several excommunicated ch. members visited me for the first time with professions of repentance. Altho a multitude of all classes have since proved that t h e y were not sincere, yet many have held on to the present time. None of the subjects of that season of grace have as yet been admitted to the church though many of them now stand propounded for the next communion. The interest felt by the multitude in that season of religious excitement, has passed by, and at present there prevails a lamentable coldness and neglect towards religious things. Within 6 weeks past, the numbers of our congregation have decreased perceptibly, some indeed through sickness and absence, but others doubtless from apathy & indifference. pensity. The story of the "cross of Christ", and salvation through h i m alone is becoming stale. It falls upon the ear, like an old story, whi c h has long ceased to be a novelty. their old habits, Sense. Such is their pro­ Many have turned b a c k again to and expressed their preference for the things of Still a goodly number hold on to the ways of the Lord, and are walking in garments white and clean. Romanism has made some stir in our neighborhood the past year, and received some accessions to their numbers. But a few of them only, and those whom we could well afford to spare, have passed over from the protestant ranks. Some half a dozen ch. members perhaps have during the year, apostatized to the ranks of papacy. But it is only the loss of religious influence that is regretted - the hope that they might have truly repented had they stayed with us, - but as to any evidence of piety they manifested in the church, they ha d long ceased �Ewa 1841 to show it. 4. Some few catholics who have been bapatem/a i a , have for­ saken their ranks and returned declaring the whole of Popery to be a delusion, and are n ow attendants on my preaching. In the district of Waianae there has been made a great diversion in favor of Popery. Nearly or quite one half of the people profess to have embraced the catholic party. It is hardly to be accounted for on any other principle but the ignorance of the people, and the special efforts w h i c h have been made by the priests to prejudice the minds of the people against the truth. The most effectual means which they have used to help their cause, is to raise opposition to the new school laws, under the promise that whoever becomes a catholic shall be free from all of its demands. It has been but too successful. congregations there continue to be good and attentive. Still our Our chapel has never been deserted when I or the elders of the Ewa ch. have visited the district. They are in most eminent need of a missionary, very desirous to obtain one. and are A missionary might expect to have a con­ gregation of nearly one thousand. Since the beginning of the present year, the schools have been flourishing, more so than at any time since I have resided at Ewa. This is to be attributed to the operation of the new school laws, which are decidedly beneficial. A certain class of advocates for the naaupo ( darkness; ignorance) are opposed to them, many of who m have organ­ ized themselves under the banner of Roman discipline. We are in great want of suitable teachers, such as can bear an examination according to law. As a temporary substitute we have employed others the present year, rather than to have the schools neglected. are fully adequate to teach the rudiments of instruction. They �Ewa 1841 5 Statistics for Ewa & Waianae Station For the year ending April 30, 1841. Whole no. received to the ch. on examination 1058 Whole no. on certificate 11 Received past year on examination - - - - - - - 89 Received past year on certificate 1 Whole no. received the past year 90 Whole no, dismissed to other churches - - - - - - 45 Dismissed the past year - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 Whole no. deceased - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 58 Deceased the past year - - - - - - - - - -- _ _ _ _ 25 Suspended the past year - - - - - 13 Remain suspended, in all - - - - — - - - - - 12 Whole no. excommunicated - - - - - - - - - - - - - 91 Excom. the past year - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 21 Remain excommunicated, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 80 Whole no. in regular standing - - - - - - - - - 919 Whole no. of children baptized, 311 Baptized the past year - ------35 Marriages the past year - - - - - - - - - - - - - 56 No. of scholars In schools - - - - - - - - - - - 550 Average congregation - - - - - - - - - - 1000 to 1500 �Report for the Station of Ewa & Waianae May 1842. At the close of another year in the affairs of this mission, I have little else to record but the continued goodness of God to myself and family, and to the people of my charge. The continual renewing to us of Heaven's rich blessings, should have called forth fro m our hearts a corresponding return of grateful love and obedience to Him whose mercies have kept us. done it. But tho this is our duty, yet we have not There is at present a greater apathy in respect to religious concerns than I have ever known at Ewa at any previous time. This is apparent not in any numerous apostacies of the professedly religious more than on other years, or any triumphs of the ungodly over the cause of religion and virtue. It is manifested in a coldness and heartlessness which attends the performance of religious duties, and the readiness of profession to allow of trifling hindrances to keep them back from attending upon religious ordinances. Their strong at­ tachment to former habits of living, habits inconsistent with the duties of Christianity evinces the low state of moral feeling, among them. The Holy Spirit is not present with us in His convicting and converting influences, and I dont know that any persons have been con­ verted during the past year, but on the contrary some have fallen away, and are separated from the privileges of ch. membership. The greater part however of those who have-been cut off, are those who were in a state of suspension last year, but failing to manifest any signs of penitence, and wholly absenting themselves from the ordinances, were judged unfit to be considered any longer as church members in any sense. I have been enabled to preach uninterruptedly every sabbath and every Wednesday of the past year without: being prevented by sickness �Ewa 1842 2. or other causes and to visit my people once from house to house, but have had no protracted meetings at Ewa owing to the apathy of the people. But my main labors have been directed towards the revision of the Scriptures for the press and superintending their printing. In the month of October last, a set of costs for the Pilgrims Progress ar­ rived from the Am. Tr. Society, with an appropriation of funds for an edition in the Hawaiian language. This decided me at once to take hold of the translation of the work, but it proved a greater job than I had anticipated, and in order to complete it and attend also to the edition of the Bible now in press, I have been obliged to neglect much mission­ ary work among my people. The consequences of this have been felt in the coldness and apathy of religious feeling now so apparent. What our people have needed is to be often visited from house to house and collected together in social meetings in their several villages, a duty as well as privilege to the missionary from which I have been precluded by Biblical and literary labors during the greater part of the year. I have visited the district of Waianae as often as once in 6 weeks or 2 months through the year, and have usually spent with the people several days together. On the first day of October last, B r . Emerson and I met at Waianae, held a 3 day's meeting, formed a church consist­ ing of the members of our Ewa and Waialua chs. resident in Waianae. These consisted of 20 from the Waialua and 140 from the Ewa church, to which no. 20 have since been added from the world; making in all a church of 180 members. Pour of these have since deceased and 2 now stand suspended, leaving 174 members now in regular standing. During the greater part of the year, the religious meetings of that place have been conducted by Keikinui, a pious and intelligent �Ewa 1842 3 member of the 1st Honolulu church. He has approved himself worthy of our confidence by his dllegence ( !), prudence and zeal; and I would suggest, whether it may not he allowable to afford him a small pecu­ niary aid as an encouragement to enable him to labor free from em­ barrassment and anxiety as to his temporal wants. I hear or see very little of Popery of late in the bounds of Ewa and Waianae. Still It Is there, dormant indeed as the priests have gone in quest of another prey at other islands. The chapel at Waianae has not been opened for public worship for several months past. Sev­ eral of their followers as I am told have left them, and occasionally attend the Protestant worship, but the number is not great. One church member only who joined them has been restored, & one or two more are candidates for a restoration to their former standing. What we most want is the Spirit of God to be poured out upon the missionary and people, and then as in other places we should see the Standard of the Gospel elevated, and the wanderers returning. But alas ! it is our own indifference and sinfulness that the Spirit is grieved away. Were the Christians as they ought to be, we might see what is now witnessed on some parts of Hawaii and other places, a general returning from the delusions of Popery and every other species of irreligion. But Popery is not down among us, and nothing has been done at all adequate to put it down. It is only in statu quo, and making no perceptible advances. While the priests could continue to get up a breeze, and make fools believe that they were or had been persecuted, there were many who joined them. But as all their promises and pretentions to miracles have proved abortive, and no one has appeared to oppose the free toleration of their opinions, the eyes of many have been opened to see the nature of the imposture which has deluded them, and their ardor has cooled. S u c h I should judge is their present state. �Ewa 4 1842 But we need not count upon an easy victory. The manner of its in­ troduction at these islands may go to show us that it will not readily y i eld to the truth; and moreover that nothing else but the power of God can put it down from among us. This is the point at which we should aim continually, and by our prayers and labors endeavor to diffuse this feeling among our churches, that prayer and penitence on the part of Christians is the first prerequisite of a revival of Religion and the overthrow of Error. The contemplated addition and repairs to. our chapel has pro­ gressed but slowly during the year past. We have about 250 dollars subscribed and about half paid in, and as soon as a sufficient sum shall b e realized, the work will be resumed to a speedy completion. (Unsigned, but marked on back:) A. Bishop report 1842 �Ewa 1842 § Statisticks for Ewa & Waianae. May 1, 1842 Ewa Whole no. received to ch. on examination, Whole no. on Certificate, Received past year on examination, Do Do on certificate, Whole no. received the past year, Whole no. dismissed to other churches, Dismissed the past year Whole no deceased, Deceased the past year Suspended the past year Remain suspended, (9 of previous year) Whole no excommunicated, Excom. the past year Remain excommunicated, Whole no in regular standing, Whole no of children baptized, Baptized the past year, Marriages the past year, Average congregation, No.- of scholars in the schools, N o. of schools N o. of teachers Waianae 1209 20 17 160 151 20 5 160 156 180 - 193 — 149 83 in both p laces 20 5 9 2 18 2 - _ 113 - 22 102 875 174 369 13 58 13 47 at the 2 st a t i o n s . 1000 600 516 180 9 3 12 3 �Report of the Station at Ewa May 1, 1843. The station at Ewa has been sustained through the year as usual without any marked incident that calls for a prolonged report. The health of myself and wife has been good, and the Gospel has been preach­ ed by me either at Ewa or Waianae on every sabbath of the year except one when I attended a protracted meeting at Waialua. The Wednesday lecture and monthly concert has also been regularly sustained. My Biblical labors has been devoted to the revising of the Scriptures from the beginning of Isaiah to the end of Galations, and to the reading of the proof sheets of the same as they passed through the press to the end of the Gospel of Luke. most of my secular time. This labor has occupied I have felt this the more, since it has precluded me from visiting the destitute parts of the island to preach the Gospel as I had intended. My own people have also been neglected in consequence, and I have visited them at their houses but once through­ out. I have made six visits to Waianae during the year, and spent a sabbath with them at each time. As that is a stronghold of Catholics, the importance of spending as much of my time with them as I could spare has been realized. In Jan'y of the present year, the Waianae chapel was blown down in a gale of wind, as was also my own house at that place. Since that time, they have had no place of worship, except a lanai. The people however in their poverty, have subscribed $150.00 towards the erection of a new permanent building, and I have engaged to double the sum out of my own resources. The mater­ ials are now being collected, and the hope is entertained that it may be completed during the ensuing year. The schools of Ewa and Waianae under my inspection amount to 17, to wit, 14 at Ewa, and 3 at Waianae. They are in a more flour- �Ewa 1843 ishing condition th an formerly, and the teachers are better paid than in most other places. But there is a want of liberality on the part of parents in contributing towards the support of teachers. Should the Govt. withdraw its patronage, the schools would immediate­ ly go down, unless the means for the support of teachers could be derived from some other source. At the examination in Jany. the whole n o . of scholars in Ewa amounted to 662, including those who, on account of want of suitable clothing and of tender age did not attend; and at the examination in April, which I did not attend there were reported as present 538, and 150 at Waianae. There is much apathy with us still on the subject of religion, tho there is a goodly number of the church who walk worthily of the profession which they have made. Several who fell into sin, and were suspended, have returned of profession of repentance. The larger no. of those lately suspended belonged to one neighborhood, who a few weeks since were convicted of playing cards. most of them will soon be restored. It is expected that The discipline promptly exercised seems to have crushed the affa i r, at least for the present. We have been blessed with a few hopeful conversions during the past year, some of whom now stand propounded for ch. membership. The no. however is small compared with those who remain indifferent to their best interests. Death has been thinning the ranks of the church this year beyond that of any similar period of time past. the hope of the Saviour, Most of them have died in and I trust have rest in the Lord. Some have died suddenly, while a few have failed to give that comforting evidence of faith in their last moments, which is so cheering to their pastor and friends. By death, by excision, and removals there has been a diminution of those in regular standing in the church to the ! amount of 70 during the year. �Ewa 1843 3. In regard to the catholics, I have seen or heard little of them for the last twelvemonth, and have no data by which I can judge of their increase or decrease. some proselytes. I am told they are at work, and making A poor ignorant woman, a member of my church, in a remote part of the district, was baptized by a priest just before she died; and I have heard of 2 excommunicated members having joined them during the year, and tho they were deemed unworthy to b e members of a Christian church, I have no doubt they will make good papists. I have heard that they are much disappointed in their hopes from the aid of the French nation since the English have taken possession. What is to be the future condition of the Hawaiian Church of Christ, is a subject about w h ich I feel many anxious forebodings. The rulers of these islands are now the English, and they will doubt­ less make such alterations in the laws of the land as shall suit their convenience, without consulting the religious interests of the people. This they have already begun to do, and the immediate evil consequences are beginning t o be felt. Neither will any remonstrances of the Mission be of avail, otherwise than to rivet their purpose. Much as I feel that we shall experience better times under the Eng­ lish sway than could be hoped for under the French, still in its best aspects I can only view the late events which have transpired here as a heavy calamity which we have but just begun to feel. It becomes us now to buckle on all our armour, and prepare for a defen­ sive as well as an offensive combat with the enemy of souls. no longer put any trust in earthly power to help us. We must We can only look to God who is able to educe good out of what seems now as o n l y evil. After all I must confess that my fears are many, very many and great, that the extinction of this people is about to be sealed. Perhaps a just and retributive Providence has so deemed, as the �Ewa 1843 4. legitimate consequence of their sins. By the fixed laws of nature, indeed, it cannot he possible that a licentious people should long continue to flourish. Our only hope hitherto has been that they might he reclaimed, and by the grace of God become a virtuous people, and thus be preserved from extinction. Perhaps that hope was presumptu o u s . The seeds of licentiousness are so inbred into their very blood and marrow, their reclamation as a body would seem little short of a miracle. Of one thing we may be certain, that they have got their , and we too, should we attempt any interference with government measures. Under these impressions, I feel that it is good policy to act a firm but conciliatory part towards them, and not f ear to remonstrate whenever we feel that they are encroaching upon the interests of religion, however we may be repulsed in return. Truth is truth, and will carry power along with it, however unwelcome it may be as a guest. A. Bishop Statistics for Ewa and Waianae May 1, 1843 Whole no. received to church on examination W h o l e no. on certificate Received the past year on examination, Do. on certificate Whole no. received the past year Whole no. dismissed to other churches Dismissed the past year Whole no. removed without dismission Whole no. deceased Deceased the p ast year Suspended the past year Excommunicated the past year Remain excommunicated of past year Whole no In regular standing Whole no. of children baptized Marriages the past year Whole no. of children in the schools Average congregation Contributions for the chapel &c. Ewa Waianae 1 2 1 7 - 26 -23 160 8 6 6 14 6 205 7 12 30 113 2 32 1 26 1 28 28 796 180 381 25 49 662 150 1000 100 $ 100 $ 40 �Report of the Station at Ewa for the year ending April 30th 1844. The work of preaching and instruction has been carried on as usual by us throughout the year without interruption. The health of myself and wife has been good, with the exception of a severe rheu­ matic complaint in my left hip, which affected me through the cool season of winter, and did not leave me until the return of w a r m weather in the month of April. I was not laid aside however from preaching but two sabbaths, and though I visited my people in the time, and held meetings at different places of the district, and also at Waianae, yet it was with the greatest pain that I got about even on horseback. The state of religion among us us ( !) at present is more favor­ able than it was a year ago. Though there is still a great coldness and apathy on the part of some in the church, yet there are many who appear to be engaged in religion, and walk worthily of their profession as Christians. The no. of those finally cut off from the church is greater than those of any previous year, but the greater portion of these are delinquents of old standing who had long been labored with in a state of suspension in order to bring them back, but who persevering in impenitent courses, were a few months ago finally separated as incorrigible. They were mostly persons who appeared on their first falling into sin, desirous of returning to the bosom of the church upon amendment of life, but who finally proved, the hollowness of their professions, by becoming more and more indifferent to serious things, and were cut off. The improvement among us has consisted in a more punctual atten­ dance upon the ordinances of religion, and a more serious attention than formerly to its duties, of the community. on the part of the more serious portion A small increase of the congregation is also �Ewa 1844 2. perceptible. We have held two protracted meetings of four days each during the year, and with good effect. The first was held in the month of June, soon after our return from the General meeting, and the other on the last week in March, both of which were productive of much benefit in calling up attention to and awakening the conscience to reflection upon religious truth. Seventeen individuals have been admitted to the church during the year on examination, and three by certificate; - and there (are) about the same number of enquirers, as candidates on the list. The schools were in a languishing state for several months, and large numbers of children had left, some of whom from dissatisfaction in being required to assist their teachers, went over to the catho­ lics. But upon being visited by our new Superintendent, and all de­ mands upon parents and children being withdrawn, they have since mostly returned. as ever. The schools are now in as flourishing a condition The teachers have been promptly paid off and while the present state of things continue, there is no fear of reverses. My labors connected with the revision of the last edition of the Bible were completed during the latter part of last summer, and the first bound copy of the same greeted my eyes a few weeks after. My first researches in it were to look for errors in the copy as it stands. It may not be deemed a self gratulation to say that there are fewer mistakes than those of former editions, and a majority of these are typographical. Some of the mistakes and errors of the former, are I presume perpetuated in this edition which I regret, the more especially as it was my earnest and oft expressed desire that all such as were known to the brethren should be sent in, and they would have been carefully attended to. Whatever has failed to be corrected from this source the blame must be divided among us all, and the remainder I cheerfully take upon myself. Could I have had an associate to have gone over the same grounds separately, many of �Ewa 1844 3. the present errors of the Bible would have been detected, or could I have been near the press, I could have increased the number of proof readings, which would have removed most of the typographical errors. After all, those detected by me are small and sparce. The buildings under my direction at Waianae are nearly completed; - but not being able myself to be on the ground to superintend and direct the work, it has progressed with a tardy pace. The little cottage for a dwelling was completed early last year, at a cost of about $120.0 0 : The materials for finishing the chapel are mostly on the ground, and the building is now being thatched. I have already expended about $300.00, or perhaps more on the building, and It is calculated that perhaps $100 will be needed to finish the building. The above named sums have been raised out of the avails of the herd now in my possession. In addition to that, the people of Waianae have contributed $13 0 dollars, and the people of Ewa $42 more for the same object. In regard to popery among us, I hear but little, and that little goes to confirm the Impression that their progress in proselyting Is but slow. My opinion is that they are still on the increase, altho there i s not vitality enough in their religion as it exists among t h e natives to keep up a constant interest in their ceremonies. The(y) speedily tire of the farce, and were it not the silken thread of carnal pleasure connected with the profession of Popery, very few would endure it a day. Add to their tedious ceremonies the high morality of pure christianity, and the votaries of the papacy would speedily forsake the profession. As it is, they are not required to attend punctually at mass, except on certain high occasions, they are boastingly exempted from all pecuniary aid for the support of schools and religion, and their darling(?) pleasures & sins are winked at. This keeps them reconciled to the burdensome ceremonies. �EWA 1844 4. The decrease of population among us still continues, think in a less decelerated ratio than formerly. tho' I A f e w years of sober h a b i t s and external comforts, added to a healthy public senti­ ment, and better care of young children, would assist their downward course to extinction. Should w e ever arrive at this point and no untoward events awaken their former h e a t h e n i s h h a b i t s , it is hoped that the Race may be perpetuated to future ages, and they become in time an enlightened and christian community. A. Bishop M ay 16, 1844 Report of Schools at Ewa & Waianae May, 1844. (F r o m printed form, filled in) Ewa Examination, and when No. of children in t h e whole field No. o f boys No. of girls No. of schools No. of teachers Number of children enrolled Average number of attendance No. of readers No. of writers No. in G e o ’phy N umber in Mental Arithmetic Number in Written Arithmetic No. of deaths during the year May 1. Since the last to school. A. Bishop Apl/44 215 242 12 13 471 — -- Wai a nae Ap l /44 127 68 59 4 4 127 — 67 42 _ _ — — — _ _ 58 53 _ _ examination most o f the absentees have returned The above is taken f r o m the examination in April /44. There has been a falling off of about 200 scholars during the year. Many of them attending school did not come to the examination. . ' A. Bishop �Ewa 1844 5. Statistics for Ewa & Waianae May 1, 1844 Ewa Whole no. received to ch. on examination 1234 Whole no. on certificate 26 Received the past year on examination 17 Do Do on certificate 3 Whole no. received the past year 20 Whole no. dismissed to other c h s . 219 Dismissed the past year 14 Whole no. removed without dismission (in all) 40 Whole no. deceased 129 Deceased the past year 16 Suspended the past year 23 Remain suspended 10 Excommunicated the past year 57 Remain excommunicated (in all) 189 in both places Whole no. in regular standing 734 Whole no. of children baptized 395 Marriages the past year 55 in both places Whole no. of children in the schools 485 Average congregation 1000 Contributions for Waianae chapel $42 Waianae 28 160 2 2 3 1 10 i 1 2 2 180 30 127 400 130 �Report of the station of Ewa & Waianae for the 2 years Ending May 1, 1846 Since the last general meeting the duties of the stations at Ewa & Waianae have been administered without any interruption, with the exception of a few sabbaths of illness during the prevalence of the influenza in the months of April and June of last year. The state of religious apathy continued as heretofore for sev­ eral years past, down to the middle of last year, without anything remarkable to disturb the false security that pervaded the community. About the first of July last, I was visited by several inquirers, from Honouliuli a settlement on the western part of the district, who appeared anxious about their salvation. dication of anything special among my people. This was the first in­ Soon afterwards I was invited to spend a day at the place and meet the people in r e ­ ligious meetings. I went accordingly and we had a full house and attentive listeners. Several who attended from neighboring villages, requested that I would likewise spend a day in religious meetings with them. As I was desirous that the people should generally come out, I required that the invitation should come from them, and special effort be previously made to obtain their presence. As I had been so long discouraged with the slender attention paid to so­ cial religious meetings which I had appointed in the neighboring villages, I feared that without a special effort on the part o f the kamaainas, the appointment might prove a failure. But as I was happily seconded by my elders and other lunas, my appointments were all well attended, and the preaching was listened to with seriousness and some solemnity. My first efforts were mainly directed to the slum- bering ch. members. These however gradually began to awake to prayer and effort to arouse others. Daily prayer meetings were after a time �Ewa 1846 2 established in every village in the district, and where suitable houses for meetings were not to be found, new ones were in the course of a few months erected, and two days meetings were appointed at their dedication. These houses which exist in all the principal villages, are distinct from the school houses, and are consecrated exclusively to religious meetings. About the close of the year, a general seriousness pervaded the minds of the people throughout the district, the church was filled on the sabbath, and religious meet­ ings were thronged. Many backsliding professors were awakened, and (!) many apostates had publickly confessed their sins, and sought to be restored to the bosom of the church, The no. of inquirers from the ranks of the world now amounted to upwards of 200. But as there ap­ peared so little excitement, and everything went on so still, I had not dared to call it a revival. Nor have I yet ventured to give it that name; or scarcely to write much about it to my brethren, lest it should prove in the end a false illusion to the greater part of the young converts. I have all along preached to them the terms of the law, as well as the invitations and hopes of the Gospel - to lead them to a sense of sinfulness as well a s to faith in the blood of Jesus, but I fear that a great multitude of them, do not feel as deeply as they ought their utter unworthiness, notwithstanding their full and ample confessions with the lips. But it is not easy for this people to feel without animal excitement, which I have from the first guarded against, and as there have been scarcely any instances of falling away for n o w nearly a year, my hopes are more confirmed that their repentance and faith are sincere. Still I would hope with trembling, knowing as I do the fickle character of this people. Early in the month of December I appointed a 4 days meeting at Waiawa, which was well frequented, and attended with happy effects. �Ewa 1846 3 Since then the work has gradually extended into every part of m y field, even the most remote, and new cases of inquiry have been coming in every d a y , until the list has swelled to upwards of 500. I have an overflowing & attentive congregation on the sabbath, and some of the happiest moments of my life have been in the pulpit, and in the social meetings during the last few months. I have an effi­ cient & active company of elders, who are an invaluable help to me. Some of them I hope may yet become preachers of the Gospel. On the first sabbath in January I received 39 candidates into works of grace the church as the final fruits of the most of w h o m had been more or less interested in religions duties for some years previous, and were the first to come out on the side of the Lord. On the 12th of April last 48 more were received on the profession of their faith, besides several by certificate. I have recently learned for the first time that there are many persons long resident within the districts of Ewa and Waianae, who were ch. members on Hawaii previous to their migration to this island, and who came away without a pastoral letter, and have until recently remained in the ranks of infidelity. These are now desirous to return again to the bosom of the church. I would propose to the pastors on Hawaii, that they give certificates of membership to as many as shall apply for the same, while they are present at gen. meeting, leaving it with us who reside on this island, to receive them or not as they shall appear fitted, to again enter into the covenant vows. The probability is however that those only will apply who are really desirous to unite with the people of God. Since the commencement of the present work of grace, great num­ bers of backsliding ch. members, who have been for years in a state of separation from us, have professed repentance, and are now desirous �Ewa 1846 4 to return to the bosom of the church. Others, and not a few still remain unaffected with the present state of things; and to human appearances they will continue thus and die in their sins. Many catholic professors have also left their lying vanities, and are seen worshiping ( !) with us. The papal cause within our bounds appears to b e declining, and those who have not professedly forsaken them, appear to have lost their zeal towards popery, and seldom attend their meetings. The experiment to obtain contributions to the friends of the mission has been as successful as could have been anticipated. They are taken up after each communion season, and have averaged from $20. to 40.00, the latter being the largest sum contributed at any one time. The whole sum paid over to the agents down to the month of September last is $114.68. The contribution of Jany of the present year $23.00 was given to the Waialua chapel, and that of April the present year, $34.37 1/2is now on hand in season to effect some repairs about our chapel. The whole sum contributed by our people in cash during the past 2 years is $172.68. The church and congregation at Waiawa deserves a distinct notice. After an interval of three years from the time their chapel was blown down, a new adobie building, constructed after the model of that at Ewa, has been completed. The delay was occasioned princi­ pally by the want of a suitable leader on the ground to conduct the operations, as well as the low state of religious feeling among the people. As an illustration I will cite the instance of my applica­ tion to the Gov. for 6 days of hana aupuni (government work) for the people to bring timber from the mountains. The request was granted and proclamation made for them to. repair to the mountain on a certain day. The catholicks took the occasion to have a hana a u p u n i of their �Ewa 1846 5. own to bring stones for a wall, and gave out I think about 10 stones to each man as a day's work. As the stones were close at hand, the whole district with the exception of the members of the church went to the catholic's work, and even four of my own church members passed over to them on the occasion, in order to be rid of helping to build the Protestant chapel, and the government grant had well nigh proved a failure. Had it not been for the pecuniary aid I afforded, nothing could have been effected. The chapel was however finished and dedicated in Jany last, at an expense to me of $520,00, which includes a little more than half of the work put upon the house. At the time of the dedication I held a 4 days meeting assisted by Br, L. Smith, and closed with a communion season on the sabbath. This was the commencement of a very interesting work of grace which is now in progress in that district. Since that time I have visited them several times, and have been much encouraged by full and atten­ tive congregations not only on the sabbath but on all occasions at other times. The same is constantly reported of them by my elders & others who have visited them at different times. The no. of inquirers from the world who have been entered on the lists is now rising of 200, and the hearers on the sabbath fill the house. Great numbers of catholicks, have left their popery and are now regular worshippers with the protestants. Almost every one who left my church to j oin the papists have now returned, and it is reported that their congregation is reduced to but a few. The no of children in their schools both there and at Ewa amount o n to the protestant schools. to 1 in 6 of those attached Six years ago it was predicted by the catholic bishop who was lost in the Jose Marie, that in five years from that time Romanism would prevail here, and the protestant missionaries be sent away. But I have never known their cause so low as now since the year 1840. �Ewa 1846 6. N o w is the crisis when we should settle a good native preacher at Waianae. There is a good house for him which cost m e 120 dollars, and land has been promised by the g o v t . as soon as we shall settle a preacher. It is probably the most promising field now open for such a laborer in the islands, and I want the best man we can find for the post. It will be proper also for the mission to make some provision for his support, during a few of the first years of his settlement until his land shall become productive. The people will doubtless render him aid, principally in cultivating his land, but which cannot be available at once for his support. They also promise to contri­ bute money, but that cannot be relied on except as to help out the grant which we may vote him. These measures I would extend to any other part of the islands where suitable native preachers could be advantageously located. There is at least one other place on this island which has equal claims with Waianae, and that is Hauula in Koolau, now under the superintendance of Br. Parker, and of which it is said a large congregation is already gathered. Statistics for Ewa & Waianai Whole no. received on examination Whole no. on certificate Received the past 2 years on examination Do Do on certificate Whole no. received the past 2 years Whole no. dismissed to other chs Dismissed the past 2 years Whole no. deceased Deceased the 2 past years Suspended the 2 past years Remain suspended Excommunicated the past 2 years Remain excommunicated Whole no. in regular standing Whole no. of children baptized Marriages the 2 past years Whole no. of children in the schools Catholic schools (5 at Ewa, 2 at Waianae) Average congregation May 1, 1846 Ewa 1845 1846 1845 1846 1239 1326 38 28 31 37 160 165 6 9 87 6 5 2 3 11 12 2 95 224 229 4 5 3 1 4 154 184 20 15 -30 25 5 13 10 3 -6 4 4 — 1 2 5 — 2 1 4 861 162 948 171 — -— --including 47 71 places -226 635 ““ — — 104 47 800 1200 400 600 �Church statistics for Ewa & Waianae year ending May 1, 1847 Whole no. received on examination 193 Whole no. on certificate 82 176 411 155 45 11 456 166 *250 9 10 1 206 27 22 7 Suspended the past year 3 2 Remain suspended 3 2 150 6 4 1 144 7 Received the past year on examination " on certificate Whole no. received the past year Whole no. dissmissed to other chs. Dismissed the past year Whole no. deceased Deceased the past year Whole no. excommunicated Excommunicated the past year Remain excommunicated 1481 Whole no. in Regular standing 81 in Marriages the past year Whole no. of children in the schools " in Catholic schools Average congergation * numbers not clear. (prot) 339 10 (word not clear) 917 inin both districts 189 1200 400 �Report of the Station at Ewa & Waianae For the 2 years ending May 1, 1848 The duties pertaining to the station at Ewa have through the Divine blessing, been discharged during the 2 years past, without the interruption of a single week from ill health. For more than a year, there has been no special attention to Religion in my field. The Revival influences which I had the privilege to report at our last meeting, have ceased. Yet an encouraging attention to the worship of the Sabbath, and to all the religious meetings of the wee k days, and in particular to the. morning prayer meetings still continues. Some however who for a time gave hopeful indications of seriousness, and who partook of the sympathies of the religious feeling during the revival have fallen away. A few of these succeeded in getting into the church, and some of them are there still, but the greater part of them failed to give the evidence necessary to obtain church member­ ship, and are now where they began among the unbelievers. But the defection of all these has been attended with no disastrous reaction. The far greater part of those received for 2 or 5 years past, still hold on their way, and appear to run well. At no time since my re­ sidence at Ewa have I felt more encouraged to hope for ray people & the nation that Christianity may work out their preservation, than at the present. Could the causes of depopulation in the country be arrested and their upward progress in numbers be ascertained, I should not hesitate at once to declare that Christianity had obtained the victory over the evil that threatens to annihilate them. Already I can perceive the tendencies to this point, in the mental & physical improvement of the rising generation. In their flourishing schools, their civilized dress, their efforts to obtain the appurtenances of civilization in their houses, such as chairs, bedsteads, tables & �Ewa 1848 2. table furniture, and cooking utensils, the feeling of moral sense upon the community in a more elevated degree than formerly, and the pater­ nal watchfulness of parents over their children, imperfect as all these yet are, still they are indications for good. More than these their increasing & permanent regard for the ordinances of God's house, their reverent and fixed attention to God's truth, and the very few cases of ch. discipline are encouragements of still greater import. They testify to my mind that the time is not far distant, when the people will voluntarily assume to themselves the support of the Gospel. But to these favorable indications of religious pros­ perity, there are many cases of the reverse, and the church is yet far fro m being purified from unworthy members. They are there in our midst and to our sorrow, for the mass of them are evidently self-de­ ceived, and are therefore in a more hopeless condition than those who never made the profession of religion. But with their dead weight upon our hands, the church of Ewa was never in a more propitious state than at present. In all the indications of outward prosperity, of in­ creasing wealth and industry, and of personal security under the vigilant protection of a mild Christian government, we can add that of inward union brotherly fellowship, and an increasing spirit of liberality in contributing towards the support of the Gospel. During the 2 years just passed, the 2 churches of Ewa & Waianae, have raised and paid over into my hands for various religious purposes, more than a thousand dollars, and y e t the effort has by no means exhausted their ability to do. The schools of Ewa & Waianae are prosperous, and the teachers continue to be well paid. The children enrolled in Ewa are 734 Protestant and 110 Catholic, and in Waianae they amount to 179 protestant to 80 catholics, making a gain of 14 in the Protestant & 9 �Ewa 1848 3 in the Catholic schools over the no. enrolled last year. are kept up 9 mos in the year. The schools The actual advance of the scholars in the different branches of instruction, does not keep pace with the time in which they are taught. Still there is a small but perceptible advance from one examination to another in all the elementary branches of learning. The state of Religion at Waianae is very much the same as in Ewa. There is no special religious interest but much that is en­ couraging, and no retrograde movements. The watchword is onward in all my field. I have an efficient company of elders both at Waianae & Ewa, who afford me very valuable aid in all my labors, especially at the little mass-meetings held in the different villages of the dis­ trict. But it is their exemplary Christian influence which I most value. But I was speaking of Waianae. At my last visit there a few days since, I found a full and orderly congregation, both on Saturday, & the sabbath which was the season of their communion. Indeed my whole tarry there was but a succession of interesting religious ex­ ercises, during which their attention was well sustained to the end. It will be 2 years in August, since Waimalu removed there fr o m Lanai. I must say that my hopes in the experiment of a native preacher have been more than realized in this case. He has discharged in great part the duties of a pastor under my direction & subject to my approval, and for more than a year has performed the marriages in that district, by virtue of a license from the Governor. During the first year of his residence, he received $135.00 in cash of which 110 were contri­ buted by the people of Waianae exclusive of presents, and $25.00 by the people of Ewa. During the past year, he has received his whole support from the people of his charge, amounting to $120.00 in cash. When I engaged his services, I guaranteed to him $100 annually. But �Ewa 1848 4. as he has a large family, and moved then in quite destitute circum­ stances, I found it did not equal his need, and therefore allowed him the whole of what the people should contribute for h im over the above specified sum. During the past year the people of Ewa have erected a gallery in their chapel, at an expense of $762.00, the last of which was paid off 3 days ago. There is however a considerable sum yet to be paid in painting & finishing & plastering about the gallery windows. In conclusion, I beg to add briefly that my people are abundantly able to support me, & I hope that ere long they may be willing. At any rate we must gird up our minds to meet the crisis which is approaching when the patronage of the Am. churches will be withdrawn, and let not that day take us by surprize ( !), The subject of raising up native pastors too must be more thoroughly discussed at this meet­ ing that it has b e en done heretofore. I can see no reason why we may not begin now the attempt before it shall be so late that we shall be left by the chs of our native land, to shift for ourselves without the means of meeting the exigency. (Unsigned; A. Bishop) �Ewa 1848 . 5 Statistics for the Stations of Ewa & Waianae For the 2 years ending May 1, 1848 Ewa Waianae 1847 1848 1847 1848 1772 1904 193 251 82 92 182 184 411 132 155 58 45 10 11 2 Whole no. received during the year 456 142 166 60 Whole no. dismissed to other churches 250 262 9 13 10 12 2 2 206 246 27 30 22 45 7 3 Suspended the past year 3 4 2 12 Remain suspended 5 4 2 7 150 159 6 7 Excommunicated the past year 4 9 1 1 Remain excommunicated in all 104 111 7 1481 1558 339 392 81 57 10 23 Whole no. of children in protestant schools - 734 - 197 Do 110 - 88 Average congregation 1200 -- 400 Contributed for various purposes $349.87 1/2 $473 Whole no. received on examination Whole no. on certificate Received on examination during the year Do. on certificate Dismissed the past year Whole no. deceased Deceased the past year Whole no excommunicated Whole no. in regular standing Marriages the past year in Catholic schools $ 110.00 $ 120 �Report of Ewa & Waianae Ap ril 1, 1849 Brethren, This is perhaps the last time which I as a member of the Mission, shall he privileged to present a Report to a Gen. M eeting. yet I hope to continue my correspondence with you, And and the patrons of this mission at Boston, as heretofore. It had been my intention to begin \ the experiment of a parochial support on the first of Jany. of the present year, but the prevailing sickness at that time prevented the effort among my people until the first of the present month. During the Month of March subscriptions towards my support were ob­ tained among my people to the amount of 4 or 500 dollars, and altho I d o n ’t expect that all the subscribers will pay to the full amount of their subscriptions, yet during the past week of the present month were brought in as their first quarterly effort upwards of $100. in cash. So that I feel encouraged to go forward without apprehension. I wrote to the B oard in June last applying for a dismission from their service, and am daily expecting a reply granting the same on such terms as shall be settled by us with the Board at this present session. It is so far settled in our minds, that the experiment of a separate support will go on, as contemplated last year, independant of any ar­ rangements, should such fail of taking place between this Mission and the Board. The past has been a year of trials and sorrows among my people in I passing through scenes of sickness and d eath, beyond what/had ever witnessed. It was not merely that the Angel of D eath has been among us, for to his stroke all mortals are subject, but it was the affecting fact that the Hawaiian was singled out for slaughter in the presence of an alien population, who dwelt among them in fearless security, intact by the plague that was decimating the aborigines. It was the fact �Ewa 1849 2. that no means could be efficatious to save their lives, which proved effectual up o n foreigners, solely because of their unwillingness to submit to the regimen prescr i bed. a set of quacks & impostors, died in the deception. They preferred their native physicians to the drugs of their foreign teachers, and Many honorable exceptions are however to be noted enough indeed to give one full & daily employment for many months in prescribing & administering medicines. St ill they died around on every side, and the toll of the funeral bell was heard every day. Until that time I had clung with tenacity to the hope, that this people would even­ tually be preserved in their distinct nationality to future generations. I had believed that the power of Christianity was sufficient to deliver them not only from the thraldom of sin, but to rescue them from ex­ tinction. I confidently expected, therefore, that a stop wou l d even­ tually be made to their downward course, when they would begin again to increase upwards a purified generation through the power of religion. My faith in the power of Religion has not been shaken, It is sufficient to accomplish all this and more, but religion never interferes with the effect of natural laws in its operations. It purifies the heart, but leaves the body subject to the laws of being which govern the natural system. Now these people, having violated those natural laws, must suffer the penalties con s e q u e n t upon their error, whether knowingly or not, in the enfeeblement and premature death of their race. Christianity will doubtless prolong their brief existence as a people, but unless a speedy change of habits in living takes place, it cannot procure a final arrest of the inexorable laws of their being. Their present danger is, they may not survive the transition process, and like the tribes of North America\ , melt away before the vices of civilization & before they shall have obtained the means & skill to arrest the progress of disease & death. One more such a mortality as we have just passed through, and such an one may visit us under the form of small pox or Cholera; one �Ewa 3. 1849 more such a season would probably put it beyond, their power to pass in safety the crisis of their existence. How strikingly their former athletic frames & warlike habits contrast with their present enfee bled & effeminate bodies. all this been brought about? H o w has They were as licentious in ancient times as at the worst periods of their later existence. But the diseases incident to intercourse with vicious foreigners has brought about the present diseased condition of their bodies, & destroying their healthy procreative powers. There are no indications of improved health or habits that imply a possibility of their preservation from utter extinction as a pure Polynesian race. The only thing we can hope for is that a few whose blood has not been corrupted by disease, if such can be found, may by the purifying influence of faith, may in themselves and their descendants be preserved from that corruption of blood that is cutting short their lives. But to return to my field. Until the month of October the usual routine of things went on with their wonted results. Religious meet­ ings and schools were well attended, altho in religious things there was a gradual but perceptible declension. Still there was no outbreak of sin, b u t the creeping in of a more worldly Spirit than formerly. About the middle of Oct. the measles broke out and spread like wildfire. Suddenly the congregation diminished from 1200 to 40 or 50 on the sabbath day. All the schools were suspended, and I could not get together singers on the sabbath to form the skeleton of a quoir ( !). My own hea(l)th xxx however was good, and my time was fully occupied in administering to the sick & dying and in burying the dead. I forbear to relate particulars, these are familiar to us all, the progress and consequences of the sickness were the same with us as in other places. Burying the | dead was the great work, all other occupations were suspended, and people staggered about like walking corpses. During the 3 or 4 months of the �Ewa 1849 4. sickness, the deaths in my church at Ewa exceeded a 100, and those of Waianae were 45 a greater no. than had died since they were organized into a church. The mortality consequent upon that season of sickness has not wholly subsided to this day. I recorded no less than 9 deaths in my church during the month of March, and four have died the past w e e k of the present month. Since their recovery from sickness, the people have been in a more apathetic state of Religious feeling than before, and many have not returned to public worship at all, upon the plea of feeble health. About one fourth of the congregation is missing, from death, lingering illness, & religious apathy. It is within but a short time that my former hopes have revived that all is not lost, and that we still have a great work to do, and many souls to be saved through our instrumentality. must be done quickly. And what we have to do It may be that another season of mortality is at hand, and woe betide us if we suffer the blood of the dying to be found in our skirts. Census. The no of inhabitants in the district of Ewa on the first week in Jan. was 2386. Deaths during the year '48 Inhabitants in Waianae 232, Births, 26 922 Deaths in Waianae in '48, 91, Births Whole no of inhabitants in my field -- 11 3308 No of deaths 323 No of births 37 Proportion of deaths to the whole po pulation 1 to 10 1/4 & a portion over. The people of Waianae have continued to support Waimalu their preacher, who has continued faithful & useful to the present period among �Ewa them. 1849 5 Their contributions are rising of 100 dolls. for the year, besides the avails of his land given b y the govt. Besides supporting their preacher, the people of Waianae have raised $150.00 during the year for the purchase of a hell. The Ewa contributions are less than usual during the year, viz. for the chapel $100.00 & for the support of their pastor on the first of the present month, 145.00 dollars. Statistical Table for the 11 mos. ending Apr. 1, 1849 For the Station of Ewa & Waianae. Received on examination the past year, Whole n o . on examination Dismissed the past year Whole no dismissed Deceased the past 11 months Whole no deceased Excluded the past year Whole n o . remaining excluded In regular standing Children baptized the past year Whole no. baptized Marriages the past year Average congregation No of schools in the district No of protestant scholars in both places Catholic scholars in do Ewa Waianae 10 1914 18 290 771 356 8 167 1430 35 559 44 900 11 5 256 8 21 49 79 6 13 334 4 8 729 117 �Ewa Station Report & Statisticks for the Year 1851 During the past 2 years the services of the sanctuary at the Ewa Station have been maintained without any interruption, and w h e n I have been absent or unable to administer from illness, the services have been conducted by the leading members of the church. The cause of religion has been during the time not perceptibly advancing, and we have hardly been able to hold our own. The spirit of the world has cre pt into the/church, & the desire to acquire property has absorbed the minds of our people to the exclusion of the more serious concerns of the soul. The extraordinary rise in the price of every thing that is the production of native labor, has rendered the acquiring of money so easy that it has taken a strong hold upon the native mind, and in the same proportion loosened their attach­ ments to spiritual things. Their attendance on the morning services of the sabbath is usually good, but about one half of the church & congregation return home at noon to take their accustomed sieste ( !), & their distance from the chapel is too great to enable them to return to the afternoon service. I have long labored to induce them to break up that pernicious habit, but it is too deeply rooted to be easily eradicated. The weekly meet­ ings are but sparsely attended, as every man is so absorbed in his farm or his petty trafficing, as to be illy able to spare time towards atten­ dance on religious meetings on the week days. The question often arises in my own mind, whether this state of things is not partly the result of my own secular labors. And it has not been without many doubts and misgivings on my part whether I am in the path of duty to leave my pastoral labors for the purpose of survey­ ing. But all the physicians I have consulted concur in telling me that o frequent and persevering exercise is the only remedy that will restore �Ewa 1851 2. the healthy circulation of the fluids of my system. ated by my own experience for the last 10 months. This is corrobor­ And moreover I must also have an impelling motive to keep up the habit of exercise or I shall fail to take sufficient to benefit me. I have usually so arranged my labors at surveying, as to secure my attendance upon all the stated labors of the pulpit, but find myself unable to visit my people, and interest myself in their personal & spiritual welfare so much as form­ erly. There have been many deaths in our church during the 2 years past, and but few additions. But the great cause of decrease among us is the migratory habits of the people. Our church members wander off to other parts, without taking a dismission from the church, and thus become lost from all knowledge of their location, and in fact become absorbed again in the world. predicament. is not known. and uncertain. A large proportion of the Ewa church is in this They stand on my books as members but their whereabouts This renders all statisticks about their numbers incorrect I hesitate therefore about presenting any statistics, until a new enumeration of the church as it now exists be made out, which we purpose to do during the present year. Since my last report the station of Waianae has become disconnected from Ewa, and a pastor Stephen Waimalu has been ordained & installed over that ch. & congregation. This took place in September of last year. Waimalu is laboring successfully among that people, and as far as ap­ pears to their satisfaction. I have not any report from that station to present at this time, but would recommend that both he & Kekela be in­ vited to make a written statement of their fields & the progress of the work within their bounds. The question is continually recurring to my mind, Can anything further be done to effectually stay the progress of extinction that is, xxxxxx going on around us throughout the whole bounds of the Hawaiian �Ewa 1851 nation? 3. Are we to give them over as a doomed people? The connection has long been fastened on all our minds that this rapid diminution is the effect of moral causes, which have hitherto been in the power of the people to avert or accelerate, but which must soon pass even beyon d their power to arrest. Our sole reliance has formerly been upon the influence of the Gospel to effect, by purifying the hearts & morals of the community, and thus removing the causes that produce such deadly results. But hitherto even this has failed, except in some individual instances, while the mass of the nation is still marching wi t h rapid strides to its grave. But the stamina of life is now nearly exhausted, they have become so enfeebled by disease, and yet are so insensible to their destiny, that it is becoming almost hopeless to revive them. more vigorous race must soon take their place. A But it must be our effort to bring as many o f these yet alive as possible to the knowledge of the Saviour. And while the feeling of hope that once stimulated us to many enterprizes, that we supposed conducive to elevate them in the scale of civilization are crushed, yet despondency as to the salvation of many souls by our future labors, must not for a moment be cherished. Our past success, & the promises of the Saviour, are before our eyes, as stimulants to encourage us forward in all spiritual labors. I may have indulged, at times, too much in feelings of despondency, for my good or the good of my people. But God only knows how many hopes have been crushed, of whom I had expected better things than have been realized. But the thought of forsaking or remitting my work, has not been enter­ tained. I feel that I must labor here for their good the few years that remain for me to work. May the Lord prosper his own cause, & in his own time and manner. (Unsigned; A. Bishop) �Abstract of Ewa Report (1852 ?) There has been a gradual increase of interest in the concerns of Religion, during the past year, the congregation is larger than formerly, attention better, social religious meetings more frequent. Some fifty persons mostly young people have come out from the world, and profess to have taken the Lord Jesus as their Saviour. Some of these appear very well, others are not so clear in their Religious views. The individuals suspended from ch. priviliges for not attending the services of the sabbath, has had a good effect any ( !) many of them have been recently restored to their former standing. The per­ sons excinded for persisting in attendance upon the heathenish dances, mostly remain so, some have gone over to the Catholics, some have died, and others still profess repentance and wish to return to the bosom of the church. Contributions the p a s t year For support of pastor F o r Missions $150.00 including 9 mos. 90.00 In January last the people commenced preparation for raising $2,500.00 to shingle the church, and to assist the effort, the pastor relinquished any support for one year. �Report of the Station of Ewa, May 1852 There has been no special change in the state of Religion at Ewa, from what was reported the last year excep(t) a gradual increase of the congregation on the sabbath, and some hopeful cases of conversion, concerning which we are waiting for the fruits to appear and mature be ­ fore gathering them into the church. There have, therefore, been no additions to the church the last year, for the first time since my re­ sidence at the station. The persons now calling themselves "Hookaikas" are mostly young people, a class peculiarly exposed to temptation, and from w h o m in years past we have mostly suffered in instances of reli­ gious defection. There are now about 50 candidates mostly of this class who visit me weekly for religious instruction. There have been 2 seasons of sifting among my people during the year w hich have served to separate in some measure the wheat from the chaff. At our April communion of last year I gave out public notice that all persons habitually abstaining from public worship on the sabbath, would hereafter be excluded from communion. Directions were also given the the ( !) lunas of each a p a n a to search out all persons of this class and induce them if possible to return to their duty, and to make an account of all such as refused to attend public worship. These steps were attended with good effects upon many who acknowledged their sin, and returned once more to the house of God. Others who had deliberately made made ( !) up their minds to stay away, were publicly read off on the next communion day, a number amounting to nearly a hundred. Prom that day forward the good effects of the measure were apparent in calling the attention of the people to the duty of punctual attendance upon the ordinances of the gospel, and bringing numbers back to their sworn allegiance. �Ewa 1852 But another crisis was at hand more trying to us all than the last. The young cheifs ( !) who have been educated with so much care, and upon whom a brother & sister of this mission have sacrificed the flower of their days, & who had been admitted into the highest circles in Europe & America, came over to Ewa in August and set up the Hula. Now, this may seem to an unsuspicious mind to have been a small affair not de­ serving a serious notice before such an assembly as this. But if there are any who think thus, let them inquire more fully into the nature & prospect of a Hula, and they will find it a compound of all that is corrupting & debasing to the human mind. So much even that a mere state­ ment of its nature will not hear to "be written in English on paper. But to the Hawaiian m i n d the Hula is a very amusing and entertaining pastime. Despite all my warnings and entreaties whole neighborhoods turned out xxxxx either to witness & laugh at the song & dance, and among the rest many of our unstable church members. Many of these were afterwards re­ claimed & restored, but at the Oct. communion I was compelled to cut off from the church about 40 persons who stedfastly refused to forsake their favorite sport, with the young chiefs. How many souls have been ruined by that thoughtless measure, none can tell, but some of those then cut off have already died & gone to the eternal world in their inpenitence. But the worst part of the affair Is the corruption it has wrought upon the young, for whole families of all ages & both sexes frequented these sports, until they were finally broken up by the authorities, who were along while afraid to act, because of the high prestige of the young chiefs who threatened to shoot any one who attempted to interfere with their pleasures. As a corrollary to the affair, a whole neighborhood at Waikele the place of the Hulas, went off & joined the Catholicks, out of pure revenge for being disciplined, where they were received with open �Ewa 1852 3. arms, and the school of the place came well ni g h being broken up, by the parents taking their children with them, & to complete the tri­ umph, a Catholic school has been established on that spot as the legitimate fruits of the hula. The continual tendency of my system to suffer from a painful feeling of cold in the lower limbs, has induced me to continue fre­ quent and active exercise, principally surveying excursions. In this business, I have spent about 3 months from home during the year, but preaching on every sabbath to the people of the places of my labors. As the business of surveying is however about done up, some other active employment requiring travel on foot must be devised about home in order to wear away the cause of the complaint. The People of Ewa have contributed about 50 dolls quarterly towards my support, for the 3 communions of July, Oct. & Jany last, making $150. in all, But as they are now making an effort to raise 2500.00 dolls for roofing their chapel, I have voluntarily relinquished any further support from them for one year. The contributions for the monthly concert already raised by them since last Gen. Meeting, amount g gen Meeting. to $91 .00, which I expect to pay over at the ensuin ensuing (U nsigned; A. Bishop) �Statistics of Ewa for Year ending Apl. 30th 1852 Received on examination the past year, none Whole no. on examination 1916 Dismissed the past year 12 Whole no dismissed 317 Deceased the past year 20 Whole no deceased 420 Excluded the past year 130 Whole no remaining excluded 300 In regular standing 878 Children baptized the past year 6 Whole no baptized 568 Marriages the past year 53 Average congregation 600 N o of Protestant schools in the district " Catholic " " 8 No of Protestant scholars " 699 Catholic Whole no schools 17 169 32 Scholars 860 Births 36 Deaths 43 �Report of the Station at Ewa, for May 1853 In making my Report for the present year, I have first to account the Goodness of our Covenant God in graciously bringing together all the members of my family after a long separation of many years. I trust my brethren will sympathize with us in this kind providence as I hope to rejoice with them for similar blessings in future years. I feel now more than ever that these islands are my home, and that here I shall live till I am called home. I have also to record my acknowledgements to the Lord, in enabling us to procure the means of a livelihood without any support but from our own resources. In the be­ ginning of 1852 I voluntarily relinquished my salary which I had received from my people, for 1 year, and in Jany last I did the same for the pr esent year, in order the better to enable them to raise the means of covering & finishing off the church building, which has b e ­ come dilapidated. We have now nearly obtained the amount required to shingle the building, which we hope to accomplish during the ensuing summer. The state of religion among my people is encouraging, more so than at any time for 5 years past. The catholicks have been making stren­ uous efforts among the people, & have met with some success among a certain class of persons. They have depicted the religion of protes- tants as a money making scheme, and its teachers as wolves in sheep's clothing, who are only destroying the flock for the sake of the fleece. The recent attempt among us to raise money for church purposes, has given occasion to them to represent to the people that I am seeking only for their money, and not their sou l s salvation. To the poe hoomaloka (unbelieving people ), & the selfish & ignorant this has been an inducement to j oin the catholics, as they boast they will not call on their people to contribute money. Several members of my church, who �Ewa 2. 1853 never gave any thing for the gospel have left us and joined the Papists, while others who have been disciplined for immoral conduct have also gone the same way, & been received with open arms. But we have not been diminished by their desertion, on the contrary our congregation has steadily increased during the past year, many excluded members have returned on profession of repentance, while 65 from the world have joined us, and 40 more are propounded to be received in July next. There is also a goodly number of inquirers, many of whom will be received during the coming year. Since the first of June of last year, $209 have b e e n contributed to the Missionary Society at the monthly concert, and $91 paid over, the remainder has been retained, to meet the possible exigencies of the chapel, should it be called for, with the intention to refund it to the Society afterwards. Since July, they have raised upwards of $1,500 for the chapel, & will need as much more for the entire contem­ plated repairs. Preaching has b e en continued during nearly every Sabbath, since the last Gen. meeting, and a sabbath school has been well kept up, while the Ai o k a l a ’s lasted, since which time the school has been converted into a Bible class. Daily morning Prayer meetings have been held in nearly every apana of the district, and social religious meet­ ings have been frequently appointed in the different parts of my field, which have been attended with good effects. The schools have been prosperous, the nos of children have been on the decrease. In the station school at Waiawa, when I first went there to reside, there were upwards of sixty scholars. Now they number about twenty. But few of the families have any children of their own, and in that whole school district, I know of but 2 infants under a year old, in a population of about 150 persons. �Ewa 1853 3. Before closing this Report I wish to mention a few facts concern­ ing m y house. I wish it to continue as the property of the Board. It is the poorest house in the mission, and has cost the Board less than any other. For 10 years past or more, if my memory serves me I have not asked for a grant but once to put it in repair, and that was for only 50 dollars to rethatch it. But I have paid out every year more or less from my own money for its repairs. thatching & a fence. The past year I paid $200 for The present year I shall need to spend still more, but have not the means I possessed when engaged in surveying. The H ouse would not sell for much, if it should ever be disposed of, and for that reason I have never asked for a grant to shingle it, which would cost perhaps $1500. sum on a covering. But the walls are too poor to expend that I wish therefor to let the Board hold it, & keep it in repair while I use it, and when I shall leave, to relinquish it to my successor. But I shall need $3 or 400 the present year to put it into proper repair, and extend the fence around the yard. Possibly the most economical method after all would be to build a new house and take the materials of the old one to work into It. It might be done at a v very little advance upon the expense of a shingle covering upon the old walls. (Unsigned; A. Bishop) �Ewa 1853 4. Statistics of the Station at Ewa for A.D. 1853 Received on examination the past year 65 Whole no on examination 1981 Dismissed the past year 12 Whole no Dismissed 329 Deceased the past year 25 Whole no Deceased 445 Excluded the past year 34 Whole no remaining excluded 325 In regular standing 912 Children Baptized 10 Whole no Children baptized 578 Marriages the past year 52 Average congregation 800 Contributed to monthly concert $ 209 Do for repairing the church $1,500 �Report for Ewa Station, May 1854 The two prominent events of the last year, of our residence at Ewa, ar e the completion of the roof of our chapel, and the great mor­ tality among the people by the small p o x . After my return home in June of last year I set myself to com­ pleting the collections for finishing the roof of the chapel. At the close of the first sabbath in July, the people had made up $750.00 in addition to the $1756 previously contributed. On the arrival of the lumber in July, the work began and was finished in September follow­ ing at an expense of a little more than $2700.00. As the shingles are of shaved cedar, and the roof steep, it is estimated that it will stand good for 20 years. We were much indebted to Timoteo Keawuivi of Lahaina, for the last and crowning effort, towards which he contri­ buted $105 of his own money. I wish to record this testimony of my gratitude & that of my people, without which as it afterwards became evident, we should have failed and I should have become responsible for at least $500 without the hope of relief from the people. Another object also called for immediate & pressing attention on my return from Gen. Meeting, - the taking all precautionary measures to prevent the spread of the small pox. I procured vaccine matter from the physicians of Honolulu, and vaccinated some 1500 persons when I discovered that the matter was spurious, and tho many of the sores suppurated, yet they did not assume a proper form, or have a proper vaccine scar. In the mean time the mortality was fast spreading through the district and there were n o means to prevent its approach. The people seemed bewildered, and when one of them was taken down, against all warning the friends of the patient refused to separate, but declared they would stay by & die with them. It is not necessary that I go into a detail of that season of �Ewa 1854 2. sorrow & trial which we passed through, & from which I did not myself escape without feeling its influence in my own person. here, that not a house or family in Ewa escaped. families were cut off. separated by death. Let it suffice In m a n y cases, whole Husbands & wives parents & children, were The whole state of society became disorganized, almost every family was broken up. In the whole district between July and October inclusive, upwards of half of the people died and of those who escaped, many are still enfeebled in consequence. In the church we have lost upwards of 400 members, including several of my best men. We feel ourselves very much crippled in consequence. Many sad & affecting feelings, mingled with discouragement have followed my labors through the year, & that to a degree far beyond what I ever before suffered. But,the affliction was from the Lord, and this alone has reconciled me to the dispensation. try and prove us. It was doubtless sent to But it is sad to confess, that the people have not laid it to heart as a means of spiritual benefit. The whole state of society became for a while disorganized, both in family ties broken, and in property claims from contending h e i r s . For a few months after the sickness passed by, there was much secret & open vice, and much litigation to settle property claims. deplorable for a season. The effect upon religion was The Sabbath was not well observed, & few meetings but thinly attended, and immorality prevailed (hole in paper) things have now settled down to a calm much as formerly, except that there is much apathy prevailing on the subject of religion, as was the case after the measles in 1848. The contributions of the church during the past year are 1 For covering the chapel $600.00 2 For monthly concert, $120, Sixty of which I have been obliged to use In liquidating the school debt, &. there remains ? O.OO 3. By the Ewa A u x . Miss. Society, instituted on the 5th instant 30.00 4 For support of pastor 170.00 Total $ 920. (Unsigned; A. Bishop) �Ewa 1854 3. Statistics of the Church at Ewa, May 1854 Received on examination the past year 52 Whole no on examination 2033 Dismissed the past year 10 Whole no Dismissed 339 Deceased the past year 410 Whole no deceased 855 Excluded the past year 5 Whole no remaining excluded 328 In regular standing, resident members 370 Massing, residence unknown 151 Children Baptized past year 12 Whole no baptized 590 Marriages the past year 137 Average congregation 300 �Report for Ewa 1855 The events of the past year have been few and of no special interest in a religious point of view. The ordinary labors of the pastor have been continued, in the sabbath and week day preaching, the ordinances of the gospel have been regularly administered, rers have been instructed in the principles of Christianity, inqui­ and a small number have been admitted to the fellowship of the church. The state of religion however continues low, there has bee n a falling off from the former attendance upon the ordinances of the sabbath, and from the week-day meetings. This is to be attributed in part to the many removals of ch. members to other places, but mostly to de­ bilitated state of health which has pervaded the people since the time of the small pox. Altho there have been fewer deaths than usual, yet there has been no time when so many invalids existed among us as during the past year. All worldly enterprises among us have been suspended, so that food sufficient for the sustenance of the people has not been cultivated, and none for the market, except melons. This state of things has induced many people to remove to other places for the means of sustenance. My people have not only diminished, but the pastoral support has also diminished. I have depended for the past year upon personal effort mainly for the means of support. Early in October I commenced an English school with 43 scholars, all Hawaiians, and have continued it up to the present month with en­ couraging success. N on e of them had learned English previously to any extent, and I had to begin with them in the alphabet. They have made various progress, according to their-----?-----talent for acquiring the foreign sounds. One of them is reading in John, a class of 12 have j. nearly completed the reading of the Hawaiian Phrase Book, and the remainder are in various stages of progress in Webster's Spelling Book. �Ewa 2. 1855 The school has occupied most of the secular time I should have devoted to pastoral labors. But as it has been my only resource for the means of an adequate family support, I have felt myself justified in so doing, altho at a loss of spiritual benefit to the people. I have spent 5 hours each day in the school, and invariably with fatiguing results to the lungs, tho with interest to the mind. The experiment has thus far proved satisfactory to my mind, that the plan of teaching the English language to the rising generation is a feasible one, so far as giving them the power to read and speak the language in a broken but intelligible manner. The danger however is that the children will not persevere for a sufficient length of time to perfect themselves in a new language. I was not present last year during the time appointments were given out, and had proceeded some distance in the preparation of a Phrase Book, wh en I learned that Br. Smith had the appointment. I immediate­ ly offered to relinquish the text to him, but he insisted upon my going on and finishing it. The preparation of a New edition of the Eng. & Hawaiian Dictionary has been commenced, but since I began my school I have found but little time to persecute it, and it is uncertain when it will be ready for the press. It is a labor of more magnitude than I had contemplated. The contributions the past year have been smaller than in any previous year since they began to give for the support & spread of the gospel. This is to be attributed mainly to their present state of destitution, which is to be hoped will be but temporary. follows, viz For support of pastor For Haw. Missionary Society $150.00 93.00 They are as �Ewa 1855 3 The Statistics for May 18 5 5 Received on examination, past year Whole no. on examination 6 2339 Dismissed the past year 8 Whole no dismissed 347 Deceased the past year 12 Whole no. deceased 867 Excluded the past year 10 Whole no remaining excluded 330 In regular standing & in the field 362 Missing, residence unknown 160 Children baptized, past year 15 Whole no children baptized 605 Marriages past year 40 Average congregation 300 (Unsigned, but marked on back as the Report of A. Bishop) �Report of labors for the year ending May 1, 1857 Soon after the close of the anniversaries of last year, I embraced the earliest conveyance to Wailuku to fulfil the commission committed to me by this association. Soon after my arrival I embraced an oppor­ tunity to meet the lunas of Wailuku church, and opened to them the nature of my errand. They welcomed me kindly and bade me proceed to fulfil my duty as directed. On the sabbath morning I preached to them on the sub­ ject of christian love, and included the scriptural method of proceeding with offending members. After the sermon your resolutions were read to the assembled congre­ gation. After wh ich Br. Conde proposed to the church to rescind their proceedings towards B r . Bailey, which was accordingly done; when Br. B. arose and confessed to them his error in nearly the same manner as he had previously done in our presence. Br. Conde then arose, and very unexpectedly to all of us, resigned his office as their pastor. Thus terminated the Wailuku difficulty. I reported therefore to the brethren on my return that as Br. C. had fulfiled ( !) the conditions required by us, he would, I thought, be entitled to letters of recommendation to the churches in the U.S. as a member of our association in full standing, which were given him in our name by Br. Gulick. Until the return of Br. Clarke ( !) in January my labors were princi­ pally devoted to pastoral duties, in conjunction with B r . Armstrong, among the people worshiping in the Kawaiahao church. A s B r . A. had the pastoral care of the church, I shall leave with him the duty of making the re ­ port of my labors there. I will only add, that it was with me a labor of love, among that interesting people, from whom I have received many tokens of kindness, and no unpleasant event occurred during the time to mar the satisfaction I received. my associate & myself. Entire harmony also subsisted between �Ewa 1857 2. During that time I also paid a monthly visit to the people of my charge at Ewa, with whom I usually spend a few days including the Sabbath. Preaching and social meetings among that people have been kept up by Mahoe, a licensed preached from L. Luna, who has labored faithfully and successfully among them for the last year & a half. however, that the support I regret to add, given him by the people, has not been adequate to his services. There has been no special attention to religion in Ewa during the year. Several religious inquirers have appeared some of whom have been admitted to the ch. and others remain as candidates for membership. The attendance on public worship has not diminished, beyond the diminishing numbers of the people. There is a constant emigration from thence to other places, principally to Honolulu. influence now residing among them. off. There are but a few persons of My most reliable helpers have died The moral condition of the district has suffered some of. late in the erection of a dance house at Waikele, under the patronage as they say of the native official authorities, altho it is said those authorities disavow the patronage. At any rate the local authorities dare not in­ terfere to prevent the hula, but only send a delegate to maintain order. Popery has obtained a stronghold in that district, andmanages warily to pick up as many of my people as they can get, while under church censure. In many instances they have succeeded in aiding in that way of some unworthy church members. Setting aside the regret for our hopeless attempts for any further reclamation, it has been a relief to us rather than otherwise. On the other hand persons of their communion often leave them and come over to us. Of Mormonism I hear nothing in my field. It has never taken hold of any considerable portion of the people, so as to make up a congrega­ tion, and is reported now to be extinct. My impression is that deadly �Ewa 1857 3. imposture is dying out in these islands. Of the schools, that in the English language has been suspended, and will not he revived until sufficient funds for its support he provi­ ded. The Native schools are diminishing for want of children to keep up their number. There are but a few births in the district compared with the sea of married women, and of those born, the greater part die early Waiawa When I went to Ewa 21 years ago, the school of the single land of had 60 scholars in its school. Now that station school is only kept up, by the union of 3 other lands along wi t h Waiawa, and the no. of scholars amounts to about 30. through the district. A similar reduction of schools has taken place Ten years since there were 18 schools, where now we have only eight. In reference to the case of the press during the year, I have to inform you, that v e r y little has been done t h e past year for want of funds to print books. The only works printed were the completion of the Lena Hawaii, the Aiokala, and a Tract on Mormonism, with 3 other small tracts. These have been frequent calls for books which are out of print, and it has been a source of great regret that it devolved on me to announce the fact, while there were no means on hand to supply the de­ ficiency. There is a good supply of paper, and perhaps of type now nearly worn out, and scattered over the office all pellmell. The office is in inextricable disorder, but I had no means to remedy the disorder, and it continues as I found it. A considerable expense might refit it; by hiring a printer to go over the whole and collect the old type, and by purchasing some new fonts. But I think it would be better to dispose of the whole concern, and with the avails hire our printing done else­ where. Our native printers are slovenly & negligent, but beat up for - hi g h prices, as if they were good workmen. (Unsigned; A. Bishop) �Report of the church at Ewa. May 1859 In the return of another year of our existence as a Christian Association, it would give me great pleasure to report of progress being made in the conversion of souls, and the continued prosperity of the church under my care. But a good Providence has denied me that pleasure in my Report of the past year. I can only tell of the stationary condition of the people of Ewa, or rather, of their backward tendency when not progressing forward. For whe n there is no increase of a church by new accessions, and deaths are continu­ ally occurring among them, there is always a decrease of their num­ bers and spirituality. Two causes have mainly contributed to this state of things, viz, their destitution of a preacher during the greater part of the year, and the continuance of the idolatrous hulas among them. It is known that Mahoe left them last June for a mission to Micronesia, and his place was not supplied till the beginning of the present year, when Solomona from Lanai was called and settled there. Solomona is very acceptable to them, and they have pledged themselves to raise for h i m $200 per annum, which pledge they are fulfiling ( !). But he has been absent at Lanai since the month of March, and it is hoped his detention there by sickness In his family, will not discourage the people from continuing their attachment to him, for by their inquir­ ies about him I find they are anxious for his return to his labors. I have visited the people as often as I could make it convenient, spent several days at a visit. and The regular communion seasons have been observed, an d a pretty good turn out of the church has been obtained at such times. But I am pained to add, that at other times when I have visited them, there is great slackness of attendance on the ordinary services of the Sabbath, and that but very few of the �Ewa 2. 1859 irreligous ( !) portion of the people come out at all. The sabbath is with them a day of pleasure, and scarcely any access can be had of the message of the gospel to their hearing. Prayer meetings, have been regularly kept up by a few Christians in nearly all the apanas of the district, and regular appointments of weekly meetings have been made in the different parts of the field by the preacher, but they have been poorly attended by the ch. mem­ bers, and not at all by the worldly portion of the community, while the hulas in the same neighborhood have been fully attended by crowds. I have also attended at times the apana meetings, and could rejoice to do it more frequently, but my strength fails me when I attempt any extra labor. Even the fatigue of riding down to Ewa, usually unfits me for the duties of the Sabbath, and when I return from the brief labors of the pulpit with an aching head, the exhaustion of my system compels me to keep my couch for the rest of the day. And after my return home, a day's rest is required to restore my exhaus­ ted system. These peculiarities of my system often admonish me that my former vigor has left me, and every year is adding to this bodily weakness. Yet with this exception, my general health remains good, and free from disease. When I consider there is so much to be done by way of preaching and visiting the people, my heart prompts me to take hold of the work as in former days. me it cannot be accomplished. But the attempt convinces I feel that we are but a feeble band of laborers here on Oahu; that our best days have gone by. We are unable to cope with the power of the papal force arrayed against us on this island. We are in need of some strong men to take up the guantlet so defiantly thrown down, and carry the war into their midst. s I speak not so much in reference to the tracts which are s owing deadly errors through the length and breadth of the land, as to the con- �Ewa 1859 3. fldent efforts being made to induce our people to apostatize. They are laboring, not to bring sinners to repentance, but to make proselytes from the ranks of the protestant churches, and it must be confessed, that they have in my field been but too successful. It has become almost a matter of course that a church member under discipline is induced by persuasion to go over to the scarlet beast, and never return to the bosom of the church he has left. When I set aside a ch. member for immoral conduct, I usually feel that there is little hope of his returning again to repentance, as the catholicks beset him on every side, and he enters under their banner, receiving a full remittance of priestly absolution, and ready to begin anew a life of sin. But this is a painful subject, and we must try to meet it. Everywhere on this wide earth, whenever the gospel is preached, Rome has her emissaries to oppose it. time is short. But this is our consolation, her Already we hear the murmurings of the inter-necine war, which is destined to devour her "and burn her with fire” . But the day of her doom we know not, we only know that what is revealed will take place in God's own good time. We can only pray in the words of the slain martyrs, "How long, 0 Lord, how long !" Until that day arrive, let us withstand the insidious foe, and prevent as far as possible the ruin of the Hawaiian race by exposing the falsehoods of Rome. The whole fabric of her system is built upon a stupendous fraud, viz, that St. Peter founded the church at Rome, was the first pope, and inaugurated an apostolic succession which holds the keys of heaven, to admit to or shut out from paradise. And yet there is the most complete evidence that Peter was never at Rome. But for nearly 15 centuries that lie has prospered, and deluded its count­ less millions of adherents into perdition. " 0 arm of the Lord, �Ewa 1859 awake ! 4. It is useless to shut our eyes and say, as in years past, "The catholicks are making no advance," and thus remain willingly ignorant of the fact, that they are straining every effort to prose­ lyte, and that they are more or less successful with the class of natives who dislike a religion of heart purity, and prefer one of external forms. (Unsigned; marked "Rev. A. Bishop".) �Abstract of Ewa Report for May 1860. There have been no marked alterations to the duties of religion in this district during the past year. Nor have we suffered any reverses beyond those of former times. The preaching of the gos­ pel and the administration of the church ordinances have been regular in their season. The native preacher, Solomona, has been faithful to his work, on the sabbath and in visiting the people at their homes. His preaching has been blessed in the hopeful conversion of several, ten of whom have been accepted as candidates for immediate admission to the church. A gradual increase of hearers on the sab­ bath has followed his labors from the first. But the people are backward in fulfilling their engagements to pay in full his salary. Their contributions are about $150 per annum. Many of those who subscribed for his support, have died or removed from the place. The pastor has made semiquarterly visits to the people, spending a few days with them at each visit in preaching and in administering the ordinances. The people of the district are rapidly diminishing, and whole neighborhoods where in former years were numerous families and cul­ tivated lands, there are now no inhabitants, and the land is left to run (?) to waste. The fathers have died off, and the children wander into other parts, and there are none to fill their places. Popery has had much success in that district. There are now two new churches in Ewa, which are said to be tolerably frequented. They are supplied directly from Honolulu with priests. have also some of the schools. The papists All schools taught by papal teachers exclude the Bible and all protestant books from the classes, and make the chatecism ( !) the principal text book for the children. Being �Abstract Ewa 1860 2. nominally government free schools, protestant children are required to attend them. The schools are all suffering for the want of a better class of teachers. They are mostly an uneducated class, who have not enjoyed a proper training for the work. This defect calls for a speedy remedy. On the whole there is no occasion either for great discouragement for want of progress in Ewa, or of congratulation in view of advance­ ment. While the people are fading away, we have no other prospect before us, but a final extinction of the race, while the younger generation upon whom so much labor has been expended both moral & physical, continue to fall into sin, and remain strangers to renewing grace. Our hope is n o w to devote ourselves to the work of saving as many as possible while th e people remain. A. Bishop Statistics of the church at Ewa for May 1860 Received on examination the past year " on certificate Total past year Total deceased Deceased past year Members in regular standing Members in the field Absent Children Baptized past year Marriages Contributions for support of preacher " For missions 5 4 9 916 13 320 255 65 6 21 (no figure) (no figure) �Report of the church at Ewa, 1861 It w illbe recollected that at the close of our last meeting we delegated two of our brethren Messrs Parker & Coan to make a preaching tour of this island, and visit the churches. This tour w a s followed by others of the brethren in the same manner through the summer. They were accompanied by a number of their elders in the churches, some of them as precursors to visit among the people in their several neighborhoods, and stir them up to come out to hear the preached word. These were all listened to by throngs, multitudes of whom had long neglected the house of God, and had become practical heathens. These movements were the commencement of a revival of Religion in all parts of the island of which Ewa partook with the others. Religious meetings became frequent and full, the church waked from its long lethargy, backsliders returned from their wanderings into the bosom of the church by a public confession of their sins. Many papists and mormons renounced their errors, and professed the desire to seek salvation through the blood of Jesus. I made frequent visits to the place as often as my feeble health would permit, preached to the people, assembled and conversed with candidates for admission to the church. In all these labors I have been materially aided by the efficient labors of Solomona Kahoohalahala, their pre­ sent junior pastor. On the first sabbath in January last, we received 85 c andidates to church membership, and in April 14 more in all 99 persons. There are a few more remaining candidates who are hopefully converted, while many others are being passed over as not giving satisfactory evidence of conversion, have left their classes and cease to receive religious instruction. The religious excitement has passed over, but leaves a large �Ewa 1861 2. increase to the regular congregation on the Sabbath, and a more regular attendance on the meetings for prayer in the different neigh­ borhoods of the district. We look on these tokens for good as an indication of the continued merciful purpose of our Lord tow ards the degraded Hawaiian race, despite the many untoward indications of the people as a race to still cling to their ancient heathenish customs. It proves that but one power in the world is able to eradicate heath­ enism from the breast of one b o m in idolatry, that is christianity in the heart of the redeemed sinner. wealth cannot do it. effect it. Civilization, literature, or A mere external profession of religi on cannot In every unregenerate mind, however long removed from the temptations to heathenish practices, there lurks a secret fond­ ness to return to the old abominations when the temptation presents itself, until the heart is ren e w ed by the Holy Spirit, and sancti­ fied by the implantion (!) of the holy faith in the Redeemer. Every revival of true religion, is therefore a clear gain upon the domin­ ion of darkness, which education of itself cannot effect. At the beginning of the present year, the church of Ewa made out a unanimous call to Solomona to become their acting pastor, promising him a salary of $200 per annum, and wrote a request to the Oahu Evangelical association to ordain him. This being objected to by some of our members as extra constitutional for our association to ordain ministers, the brethren took up the case as individuals and formed an ordaining council of ministers and delegates of the churches for that purpose. 10th of last April. The solemnities took place at Ewa on the We were all highly gratified by the very clear & satisfactory examination which the candidate underwent, and felt that he is a very promising accession to our native ministry. But for reasons of a prudential nature he was installed as sub pastor only for two years, w i t h the thought that perhaps after the lapse �Ewa 1861 3. of that time, he may be made more useful in some other pastorate after the manner o f bur methodist brethren. "Festina lente" (make haste slowly) is always a prudent maxim, but while we have no book of church government asserted (?) to by the churches, I know not how we can carry out the idea of a change of pastorales ( !) should the people desire to retain their old pastors to whom they have become attached. This ordaining by councils has always ap­ peared to me a lose method, where there is no book of record to hand down an authentic account of our acts to future years. How will it be known 20 years hence that an ordination took place at Ewa in April of 1861? Tis true it is on the church book of that place, but that book may be lost, and moreover it has not been authenticated by the officers of the council. Since the month of October I have taught a class of young men in the study of theology. They are mostly graduates of the Seminary and recommended to me by their pastors as suitable candidates for the ministry. After twice going through Br, Alexander's Book, and making them familiar on all the points contained in that work, w i t h refer­ ence to the proof texts, with an oral explanation, we took up the Bible, and went through the prophecies of Daniel and the Revelations. We have also read Genesis, wher e we propose to continue through the Pentateuch. One of my class Hapuku has gone as a missionary to the Marquesas Islands. I have h a d a large number of applications from others to be received as students, but have deferred to receive them until the present class is dismissed. It is at present uncertain whether my health and strength will permit me to undertake the instruction of another class in theology. And this brings up the subject of in- stituting a Theological school either at Lahaina or Hilo. I trust �Ewa 1861 this subject will be fully discussed and acted upon at this present meeting. Statistics of the church at Ewa, May 1861 Whole no on profession On certificate Received past year on profession " " on certificate Total past year Total deceased Deceased past year Excluded past year Now in regular standing Children baptized Baptized past year Marriages 2507 (no figure) 99 4 103 932 16 6 358 (no f i g u r e ) 13 30 Contributions in cash For support of native pastor For missions, (see Treasurer's account) $200 61 Abstract of the Ewa Report for May 1861. A. Bishop and S. Kahoohalohola, pastors. After the visit made by Kuaea and others to Ewa in July of last year, unequivocal evidences of a revival of religion appeared in that district. These religious impressions were multiplied and strengthen­ ed by the visits of the pastor and native assistant among the people, and by the preaching tours of other Oahu brethren. This good work resulted in the hopeful conversion of 100 or more persons, and by the return of many backsliding brethren to the bosom of the church. The good effects of the work are being evidenced by a large increase of the worshiping ( !) assembly on Lord's day, and by the multiplication and sustentation of prayer meetings in every part of the district, which are still kept up. During the year 9 9 persons have been received into the church. During the past year, the church has called and settled an assistant pastor, Solomona Kahoohalahola, with a salary of $200 per annum. He was ordained by a council of ministers and delegates �Ewa Abstract 1861 from the several native churches cm this island. These solemnities took place of ( ! ) the 10th day of April ult. The schools have been in a more languishing condition than in, former years, for the want of a vigilant superintendence. The n e w Kahukula, it is hoped, wi l l remedy these defects, as far as in his p ower. Since October last I have taught a theological class of four persons. Two of these have been licensed to preach the gospel, one of these, Hapukuj, has been sent as a missionary to the Marquesas Islands. The remaining three are still receiving lessons. These consist a t present in scripture readings, and oral criticisms on Waimanu the same. Near m y residence in xxxxxx I hold a religious meeting every sabbath afternoon, and preach to about & hundred people, in the chapel. But my health is still too feeble to engage m u c h in pastoral labors. A. Bishop �Statistics of the ch. at Ewa, Oahu, May 1, A.D. 1862 Whole no. received on Profession " " on certificate Past year on profession " on certificate Total past year 2508 (no figure) 11 4 15 Whole no. dismissed (no figure) Dismissed past year 2 Total deceased 941 Deceased past year 9 Ex c luded past year 1 Members in regular standing 317 Total children baptized 342 Baptized past year 12 Marriages the past year 21 �Station Report for Ewa, Oahu, 1863 I cannot divest myself of a feeling that this may he my last Report before this Association. of my missionary life. I have entered upon the forty first Many old associates with whom I met in the first General meeting have passed away before me, and only two or three of them are supposed to b e living in venerable old age. My own health is also too feeble to permit me to labor continuously in any department in the missionary calling. When I look back in reminiscence of past years, to the scenes of active life, while travelling on foot over the mountains and lavas of Hawaii, or skirt­ ing its shores by canoe, collecting together the people of each village passed, to preach to them the words of life, or weary and foot-sore, lay down at night within their hospitable grass cabins to rest; - or when I call to recollection the fifteen years I spent with my beloved associates, Bingham, Thurston and Richards, in translating and correcting for the press the Holy Scriptures into the Hawaiian language, I thank God that I have been sent hither, and been permitted to labor so long as I have in such a cause. This cause has never lost its hold upon my highest affections, and I have never been weary of my work, tho often disappointed in my hopes. Altho I esteem it the best work to which a man can be called, yet it has not been without its trials as well as joys. Its joys have consisted in preaching the Gospel unobstructed by external opposition to appreciative audiences, and in gathering converts into the church covenant. Its trials have arisen from the falling away of many of these into open or covert sin, walking unworthily as Christians, or passing over to another and reprobate faith. Ten years ago the church of Ewa consisted of more than eight hundred members in good standing, and about 20 elders as assistants �Ewa 1863 2. and fellow laborers in our social meetings. That year the small pox swept off a full half of the church at one swoop, during the three months of its prevalence. It took off the older people in most cases, and left the younger ones as orphans, to wander away in quest of homes. Great numbers came to Honolulu to fill up the void created here by the same disease. Thus this place was supplied its lack of numbers, at the expense of the adjacent country, already depleted. Those who remained on the land have never recovered their former population, but a constant downward tendency has ruled to the present time. After the pestilence had ceased, I collected the names of the surviving members, which amounted to between three & four hundred. That number has never increased, tho many have since b e e n added by new admissions. Since my removal to this place in Jan. 1856, there have been two native assistant pastors settled there. The former, Mahoe, was sent as a missionary to Micronesia, and in 1859, Solomona Kahooholahola came there as preacher from Lanai. He was ordained & installed as assistant pastor in April, 1861, the people pledging him an annual salary of $200. Sometime early last year, a report unfavorable to his moral character got into circulation, and tho no tangible proofs of/its truth appeared, it was believed by many who forsook their at­ tendance upon his ministry. Prom that time to the end of the year, it seemed to me that his usefulness among that people was ended. The congregation continued to diminish, and his salary fell more than $100 in arrears. At the communion in Jan. of the present year, I found only about 100 members of the church present, and their quart­ erly contribution was diminished to about $10.00 resigned his pastorate. Then Solomona At the meeting of the Oahu Association in Feb. last at this place, a list of accusations against him was handed up to us by two ch. members who had opposed him from the first. It �Ewa 1863 3 appeared that these accusations did not emanate from the church, either as a majority or minority. They all failed of being substa tiated, and the accused received an honorable acquittal, while his resignation was confirmed by u s . But the present state of religion is low more so than I have before known it, since the church was formed. I have often and earnestly desired to go among them once more, and visit the people from house to house, pray with them and constrain them to return again to their duty. In fact I did spend part of a day last April in so doing, and found it profitable to myself as well as the people; but my strength failed me on the first day. I found myself inadequate to carry it through, as too exciting and laborious for my pow e r s . I can now only commend them to God in my prayers, and continue my stated visits as heretofore. The past is the only year since I have been their pastor, in which no additions have been made to the church. Of the Ewa meeting house, the walls and roof remain good. will not need to be reshingled for many years. It But the doors, windows and plastering are much broken; a sad specimen of native neglect, without one to lead them in keeping their house in repair. My old dwelling house at Waiawa is also in a tumble-down state, and long past repair. One of the buildings however is in a better condition. Support of__a native ministry. The great problem how to perpetuate the institutions of Christianity among this partially civilized people, when their for­ eign teachers shall be removed, still remains to be solved. The most obvious and natural method, viz, to educate and ordain our best men for the ministry, is a process which we are imperfectly pursuing. This is the third year in which I have taught theological classes of picked young men. But the school has no regular organization and no �Ewa 1863 endowment. 4. The young men are obliged to pursue some business to obtain their support, and consequently are irregular in their atten­ dance. The result so far has been encourageing ( !), but the in­ struction they receive is not thorough. A school should b e so con­ ducted as to secure a regular attendance & a thorough training. Tis not yet ascertained that this poor and ignorant people, constantly decreasing in numbers, will be able and willing to render their native pastors an adequate & continued support. most difficult part of the problem. This is the By a spasmodic effort they can be induced to subscribe liberally to sustain an important object brought before them. But when called on for payment they are slow to respond, and many fail utterly to redeem their pledge. This has been my experience thus far, and both Mahoe and Kah o ohalahoola were compelled to leave their post at Ewa, for this reason. The same thing has recently occurred at Waianae to the preacher there employed. A part of this deficiency is owing to the want of persevering energy in the native mind, and partly in an insensibility to the ob­ ligation to fulfil a contract; and still another cause of the de­ ficiency is to be attributed (to) the constant diminution of the people, who are thus every year becoming less and less able to sup­ port a pastor. This is the great discouragement in view of the future prospects of the church on the question of self-support. The next question is, Will they be able to continue the system of self-support, in presence of the hostile sects of French and English Catholics? Those missions are liberally supported from a b ­ road, and the strong contrast has been repeatedly and successfully urged by the papists upon the minds of our people, that while they are laboring gratuitously, we are taxing them for money. This has �Ewa 1863 5. had its effect to alienate many ignorant minds from the protestant worship. Schools Since the death of Dr. Armstrong, and more especially since the retirement of Mr. Fuller as secretary of the Board of education, the management of the schools has been left mostly in the hands of the native superintendants. I am happy to he informed that the Ewa schools are not less prosperous than formerly, though that is not saying much. The primary schools do not turn out as good scholars with u s as they did formerly, because there is not that stimulus for the studies as once existed. A want of new and suitable books, adapted to the improved condition of the people is one great drawback. It is much the same thing in the schools over and over for years, and but very f e w new books have appeared for a long time. Since the government has assumed the entire control of the schools, the pro­ testant missionaries have, I fear, lost much of their interest in their management, and have relaxed their watchfulness over the pro­ gress of the pupils. The jealousy of the jesuits towards our influ­ ence over these schools, and the frequent interference of the French Commissioner in the papal interest, compelled the late lamented A r m ­ strong to take away all official influence from us, but while he lived he endeavored to supply that deficiency by his own watchful care. Since his death that care has been wanted beyond the routine of office duties. The N . Testament has been retained in the schools conducted by protestant teacher's as a reading book, but carefully excluded from those taught by papists. Religious instruction has been very much neglected in all these schools, the teachers having contented themselves with giving the usual lessons in reading, writing and arithmetic, while the moral improvement of the intellect has been neglected. When we take into consideration that these children re- �Ewa 1863 6 ceive little or no religious or moral instruction at their homes, and that their parents exert no authority over them to bring them to church after they arrive at a certain age, we need not wonder that a large part of the rising generation are growing up In a course but a little removed from the heathenism of their ancestors; nor that so many of the youth, especially the girls should be early led astray. I would here notice, that the enemies of Evangelical religion have diligently spread a columny that the Protestant missionaries are opposed to English schools for the people. We have ever favored instruction in English of those who can be benefitted by it. But experience has taught us the futility of such a smattering of English as can be obtained by a native in three or four years. It requires all the years of youth from Infancy to manhood, with a residence in an English speaking family, to enable a native to get acquainted with our copious language, so as to understand a common English book or newspaper. Even a correct pronunciation of English cannot be obtained by one whose organs were first exercised upon his own native tongue. The ground of our opposition to the disbanding of the native schools, rests on the fact, that imperfect as they are, there is nothing else that can give the means of any education at all. The education of the masses could not be accomplished through the medium of a foreign tongue. The subject must be taken in infancy, be separated from his own people, adopted into an English family, there kept until maturity. and To make such a work national, is a simple impossibility. But the great argument of our opponents rests on the assertion that there are no words in the Hawaiian tongue to Express European ideas; and the only way to infuse these ideas is to anglicize the nation. But this argument assumes as practicable what has never been accomplished, and never can be. The Romans attempted to Romanize �Ewa 1863 7. the languages of Gaul, Britain and Spain. The Norman conquerors tried a similar experiment upon the conquered Saxons. entire failures. They were all All that they did accomplish was the infusion of certain Latin and French words into the languages, by which they only became mod i f i e d but not extinct. Again, the advocates of anglicizing the nation seem net to have comprehended the true relative position of ideas and words. precede the words used to express them. Ideas I can illustrate this fact by calling our attention to a familiar case in our own language of recent date. It was a long time after the discovery of the Electric Telegraph, before a word was found to express the idea of a message flashed along its wires. message. phrase. gram. It was called a T elegraphic D espatch or But a word was wanting to express the thing without a Some one thought of a word, and called the message a Tele­ It flew with lightening speed around the world, and everybody felt that it was the long needed word. So in Hawaii nei, give a native a new idea, and he will soon find a word to express it in his own language and it will be understood without a definition; so flexible is his native tongue in taking in n e w words, as new ideas multiply among them. The whole question, stripped of its adjuncts, seems to be this: How are we to get European ideas into the Hawaiian mind? He cannot understand a foreign word until it has been interpreted to him in his mother tongue. If the idea to be conveyed is one not in his own language, he cannot comprehend it, without a roundabout process of explanation. c onvey it to him. The simple lesson in English reading cannot And I know of no process by which he can be made to comprehend an abstract European thought not in his own language. The only feasible process is to get a new idea into his min d , �8. independent of the foreign word which conveys the idea, before he can understand the meaning of the word. But this must be done through the medium of his own language. The result folows, that we must educate the masses through the medium of the mother tongue, as the only means of raising the n a tion into a christian civilization. The other method of anglicizing them would only result in partially educating a few, while the mul­ titude would be left in all their ancient ignorance & serfdom. The latter is the European, the former the American idea. I have been the more particular in vindicating our principles, because it constitutes one of the grave charges in Mr. Manly Hop­ k i n s ' History, that we are, "Setting our faces against English schools." I understand, moreover, that our friends of the English mission are pledged to carry out the programme to Anglecize the Hawaiian nation, as the only hopeful way to preserve it from extinction. Nothing can be more incorrect than Mr. Hopkins’ charge, since teaching Eng­ lish to the natives has ever been a portion of our system of instruc­ tion, wherever it has been practicable, viz, in family schools. It is a curious fact, suggestive of many reflections, how this little nation has attracted to its shores, so many discordant ele­ ments from the four quarters of the world, to rescue it from the grasp of puritanism. When it became known to the nations of Christen­ dom, that American Missionaries were building up a protestant church on these pleasant Hawaiian Islands, the Pope sent forth his emis­ saries to withstand us, backed by Fren ch guns and French Br andy. These have been but too successful in materially embarrassing our measures to enlighten and convert the nation, They have, however, not been without their uses in weeding out unworthy members from our churches, and in making us more circumspect in the presence of such �Ewa 1863 9. deadly enemies. Next came the Mormons, and travelled through the length and breadth of the land, to make proselytes to their delusive and im­ moral faith. It would be useless to ignore their success in leading astray large numbers to follow in their paths. Lastly, the son of the great and good Wilberforce, the redoubt­ able Bishop of Oxford, and the no less bigoted Marcly H opkins, took up the role and proclaimed through England that puritanism in Hawaii has proved a failure, and has only built up a church of hypocrites: and that the nation is dying out for want of a church eredted upon the true apostolic succession. Well, an apostolic Hierarchy is now being set up among us, whose design & expectation is to supercede us. To these it would seem we are only preparing the way for the advent of a purer dispensation; a church built on the apostolic foun­ dation, through the laying on of the hands of the "holy Bishop, by whom alone the Holy Spirit is given. They do not refuse to acknow­ ledge that we have done some good, but only as preparatory to the advent of a pure dispensation. And now, gentlemen, (these measures seem to say,) you will please to step aside, and give place to those whose episcopal descent is reckoned back through a long line of Roman pontifs to Peter the head of the Apostles. And though w e hold that the church of Rome has been wrong on some points of doctrine and practices, it is still the true parent church, which is to be per­ petuated through the coming ages when purified, from her errors. But while we acknowledge the Romanists as brethren, we cannot recog­ nize the Independents & presbyterians as a church at all, not having received Episcopal ordination. What the influence produced by these opposing sects upon the unsophisticated Hawaiian minds is, cannot be mistaken. To those �Ewa 1863 10. established in the faith, and accustomed to read the scriptures for themselves, the effect has been to confirm them in the truths. But to the masses, unaccustomed to reason for themselves, these conflict­ ing dogmas serve but to confuse their minds, unhinge their beliefs, and render them indifferent to the gospel faith. To such, one kind of religion is as good as another, provided they maintain a fair standing in their communion. With these obstructions before us, how can we wonder, that with the good measure of success obtained, verting the whole nation? that we have come short of con­ Such a boon has not been given to any Christian church in the days of their militant struggles. reserved for a purer and millennial period. That is It will be a happy thing for this little nation, if the cry from Rome, from Oxford and from Utah, "To the rescue", does not prove to be the digging of its grave. But I do not despair for Hawaii. A remnant will be spared, I fully believe, that shall multiply upward, and bear fruit in the coming millennium. But whether the future Hawaiian is to be of the pure Polynesian blood, or a miture with the Caucasian race, cannot be certainly predicted. Of this we may be assured that there will be a nation here, and the fruits of our present labors w ill influ­ ence the destinies of coming generations, whether of Hawaiian, Sem­ itic or Caucassian ( !) blood, or a due mixture of all. The question now before us is to solve the problem of self-sustaining religious institutions among a diminishing people, without knowing the terminus of their downward progress. Since penning the. foregoing a few weeks ago, I have visited the people of Ewa, in company with Dr. Anderson and family, and am happy to report a more hopeful condition of things among them. The Revd Mr. Bicknell has visited the field, spent two sabbaths there, and held meetings in every neighborhood, going from house to house �Ewa 1863 11. to seek for absenting members of the church. The congregation has increased in consequence, and the people are now uniting to make him out a call to become their pastor. They talk of only $150.00 a year, as the most which they can raise in their present broken state. I am satisfied, that is the most they can do at present, and until a better organization shall be effected. man to revive them if it can b e done. support, from some quarter. Mr. Bicknell is the But he must be aided in his I should not hesitate to commend him to the patronage of the Board, as a person worthy of their aid, until he can organize the means of a support in hiw own field. (Unsigned; A. Bishop) � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mission Station Reports - Oahu Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mission Station Reports - Oahu - Ewa / Waianae - 1835-1863 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1835, 1836, 1837, 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, 1843, 1844, 1846, 1848, 1849, 1851, 1852, 1853, 1854, 1855, 1857, 1859, 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863